Arab Journal of Gastroenterology最新文献

Magnetically controlled capsule endoscopy (MCE) is a non-invasive method for gastropathy examination. However, due to the influence of gravity and lumen structure, the traditional capsule endoscopy rapidly passes through the cardia, leading to insufficient observation of the cardia mucosa. Case Summary. The patient, a 53-year-old male, had a history of subarachnoid hemorrhage for 5 years, and it has been 5 years since the aneurysm embolization.Computed Tomography Angiography (CTA) indicated the presence of an anterior cruciate aneurysm. Given the risks associated with traditional intubated gastroscopy, magnetic controlled capsule gastroscopy was chosen for gastric examination. Following the standard operating procedure, routine magnetic controlled capsule endoscopy was performed, and no lesions were detected.We combined magnetic force and patient posture adjustment to guide the capsule to pass through the cardia slowly and return to the esophagus, successfully detecting a concealed cardia lesion.Afterwards, the lesions of the cardia were treated with a magnifying gastroscope and endoscopic submucosal dissection (ESD).Pathological findings showed that adenocarcinoma was confined to the mucosa membrane, and in the postoperative pathological study, no tumor remnants or metastasis were discovered. This paper reports a case of a patient undergoing a physical examination, but no lesion was found during a routine examination using the magnetically controlled capsule gastroscope. However, we discovered a case of hidden early cardia cancer after guiding the capsule gastroscope back into the esophagus under magnetic control.

Background and study aim: Chronic hepatitis C (CHC) is a liver disease caused by the hepatitis C virus. Anti-Saccharomyces cerevisiae (S. cerevisiae) antibodies (ASCA) are frequently reported in autoimmune diseases but rarely in viral infections. We aimed to determine the frequency of ASCA in adult patients with CHC.

Patients and methods: Eighty-eight patients with CHC and 160 healthy blood donors were included in this study. ASCA-IgG and IgA levels were determined using enzyme linked immunosorbent assay. For statistical analysis, we used open EPI version 3 as software. Correlations were determined by Spearman's test using IBM® SPSS® Statistics.

Results: ASCA (IgG or IgA) were present in 31.8 % of patients and in 3.7 % of controls (p < 10^-6). ASCA-IgG and ASCA-IgA were more frequent in patients with CHC than in healthy subjects (23.9 % vs. 3.1 %; p < 10^-5 and 9.1 % vs. 0.6 %; p = 0.002, respectively). In patients, mean levels of ASCA-IgG and IgA were significantly higher than in controls (9.95 ± 11.78 U/mL vs. 2.28 ± 2.86 U/mL, p < 10^-6 and 5.96 ± 7.69 U/mL vs. 0.56 ± 0.12 U/mL, p < 10^-6; respectively). In patients with CHC, the mean level of ASCA-IgG was significantly higher than that of ASCA-IgA (9.95 ± 11.78 U/mL vs. 5.96 ± 7.69 U/mL, p = 0.008).

Conclusion: The frequency of ASCA was significantly higher in patients with CHC than in healthy controls.

Background and study aims: Circular RNAs (circRNAs) are important regulators for gastric cancer (GC) progression. Our study aims to investigate the role and mechanism of circFLNA in GC progression.

Patients and methods: The levels of circFLNA, microRNA (miR)-1200 and SRY-box transcription factor 5 (SOX5) were examined using qRT-PCR. Flow cytometry, cell counting kit 8 assay and EdU assay were performed to measure cell proliferation and apoptosis. Cell glycolysis ability was assessed by examining glucose uptake and lactate produce. RNA interaction was determined using RNA pull-down assay and dual-luciferase reporter assay. Mice xenograft models were constructed to evaluate the regulation of circFLNA knockdown on GC tumor growth.

Results: CircFLNA was upregulated in GC tissues. Functional experiments showed that circFLNA knockdown suppressed GC cell proliferation, inhibited glycolysis, and promoted apoptosis in vitro, as well as reduced GC tumor growth in vivo. CircFLNA sponged miR-1200, and miR-1200 targeted SOX5. MiR-1200 mimic reversed the promotion effect of circFLNA overexpression on GC cell growth and glycolysis, and SOX5 upregulation also abolished the inhibiting effect of miR-1200 mimic on GC cell growth and glycolysis.

Conclusion: Our data suggest that circFLNA might exert oncogenic role in GC development, which promoted GC proliferation and glycolysis through regulating miR-1200/SOX5 axis.

Background and study aims: Functional dyspepsia (FD) is a common disease with an unclear pathology. Autophagy is associated with inflammation and has been proposed to play a role in the development of FD. This study aimed to evaluate expression of the autophagy proteins beclin1 and p62/SQSTM1 in patients with FD.

Patients and methods: Duodenal mucosal tissues were collected from 10 patients with FD and 10 asymptomatic controls. The extent of autophagy was determined by examining expression levels of beclin1 and p62/SQSTM1 using quantitative polymerase chain reaction and immunohistochemistry techniques.

Results: Lower expression levels of beclin1 protein were detected in the duodenal bulb (D1) and the second portion of the duodenum (D2) in patients with FD compared with asymptomatic controls. Higher levels of p62 protein were expressed in D1 in patients with FD than in controls. No differences in mRNA expression of beclin1 and p62 were observed between patients with FD and controls.

Conclusion: Abnormal autophagy was involved in FD, which may be associated with the pathogenesis of FD.

Background and study aim: Inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD) are chronic relapsing-remitting disorders of the gastrointestinal tract. IBD causes significant impairment in the patient's quality of life that should be assessed and monitored in a flexible and easy way. The IBD-Disability Index (IBD-DI) is the only validated tool to assess disability in IBD patients, but it is difficult to use in clinical practice. The IBD Disk is a new shortened, self-administering version of the IBD-DI that allows quick assessment of IBD patients and tracks changes in disease burden over time. However, the IBD Disk has not been used yet in clinical practice in Jordan. The aim of the study was to translate the IBD Disk to Arabic language and introduce it in clinical practice in Jordan.

Patients and methods: After translating the original IBD Disk to Arabic language, IBD patients referred to outpatient clinic or admitted to the medical department at the new Al-Hussein hospital, Al-Salt, Jordan, from September 2021 until March 2022, filled the translated IBD Disk.

Results: A total of 50 IBD patients (52 % males) were included in the study and filled the IBD Disk. The IBD Disk was easy to complete by the patients. Energy, regulating defecation, and emotions were the most disabling domains for relapsing patients. Polygonal shape area of the mean for IBD Disk scores decreased during remission. Education & work and energy had the strongest correlation at relapse.

Conclusion: The IBD Disk is a reliable visual representation of IBD disability. In this study, a translated version of IBD Disk to Arabic language was introduced for the first time in clinical practice in Jordan. The reduction in the polygonal shape area of the scores' mean represents decreased disease burden.