Pub Date : 2025-05-01DOI: 10.1016/j.ajg.2024.12.005
Lin Jiang, Qiuyu Jiang, Can Yang
Background and study aims
The aim of this study was to explore and evaluate the clinical effect of phenobarbital combined with ursodeoxycholic acid in the treatment of neonatal cholestasis.
Patients and methods
100 infants were divided into two groups using the random number method, with 50 cases in each group. The PB group was given routine treatment and phenobarbital, and the combination group received the same treatment as the PB group and was additionally given ursodeoxycholic acid. Observe the liver function indicators (γ-glutaminyl transferase (γ-GGT), aspartate transferase (AST), and alanine aminotransferase (ALT)), serum bilirubin (the total bilirubin (TBIL), and direct bilirubin (DBIL)), total effective rate and adverse reactions of the children.
Results
After treatment, the levels of γ-GGT, AST, ALT DBIL, and TBIL in both groups of children were reduced (P < 0.01). the jaundice index of children in the combination group was clearly reduced (P < 0.05) and was obviously lower than that of the PB group (P < 0.05). Moreover, children in the combination group had more daily defecation times than the PB group, and the time to first discharge and yellowing of meconium was shorter than that in the PB group (P < 0. 05). The total effective rate of treatment in the combination group was obviously higher than that in the PB group (94.00 % VS. 78.00 %, P < 0.05), and the average time for complete resolution of jaundice also was shorter than that in the PB group (P < 0.05). A few children develop diarrhea, which occasionally causes skin itching, rash, and other adverse reactions, but most of them are mild and will not affect the treatment effect or prognosis.
Conclusion
Phenobarbital combined with ursodeoxycholic acid can improve the liver function of children to a greater extent in the treatment of neonatal cholestasis. It can also reduce serum bilirubin concentration, has good clinical efficacy, does not cause serious adverse reactions, and has good safety.
{"title":"Clinical efficacy of phenobarbital combined with ursodeoxycholic acid in the treatment of neonatal patients with cholestasis","authors":"Lin Jiang, Qiuyu Jiang, Can Yang","doi":"10.1016/j.ajg.2024.12.005","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ajg.2024.12.005","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background and study aims</h3><div>The aim of this study was to explore and evaluate the clinical effect of phenobarbital combined with ursodeoxycholic acid in the treatment of neonatal cholestasis.</div></div><div><h3>Patients and methods</h3><div>100 infants were divided into two groups using the random number method, with 50 cases in each group. The PB group was given routine treatment and phenobarbital, and the combination group received the same treatment as the PB group and was additionally given ursodeoxycholic acid. Observe the liver function indicators (γ-glutaminyl transferase (γ-GGT), aspartate transferase (AST), and alanine aminotransferase (ALT)), serum bilirubin (the total bilirubin (TBIL), and direct bilirubin (DBIL)), total effective rate and adverse reactions of the children.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>After treatment, the levels of γ-GGT, AST, ALT DBIL, and TBIL in both groups of children were reduced (P < 0.01). the jaundice index of children in the combination group was clearly reduced (P < 0.05) and was obviously lower than that of the PB group (P < 0.05). Moreover, children in the combination group had more daily defecation times than the PB group, and the time to first discharge and yellowing of meconium was shorter than that in the PB group (P < 0. 05). The total effective rate of treatment in the combination group was obviously higher than that in the PB group (94.00 % VS. 78.00 %, P < 0.05), and the average time for complete resolution of jaundice also was shorter than that in the PB group (P < 0.05). A few children develop diarrhea, which occasionally causes skin itching, rash, and other adverse reactions, but most of them are mild and will not affect the treatment effect or prognosis.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>Phenobarbital combined with ursodeoxycholic acid can improve the liver function of children to a greater extent in the treatment of neonatal cholestasis. It can also reduce serum bilirubin concentration, has good clinical efficacy, does not cause serious adverse reactions, and has good safety.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48674,"journal":{"name":"Arab Journal of Gastroenterology","volume":"26 2","pages":"Pages 195-200"},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2025-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144081306","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-05-01DOI: 10.1016/j.ajg.2025.03.001
Liang Tao, Peng Song, Lihua Shao, Hengfei Gao, Kangkang Ji, Yan Ren, Feng Wang, Meng Wang
{"title":"Retraction notice to “miR-129-2-3p inhibits colon cancer cell proliferation by down-regulating the expression of BZW1” [Arab J. Gastroenterol. 25 (2024) 42−50]","authors":"Liang Tao, Peng Song, Lihua Shao, Hengfei Gao, Kangkang Ji, Yan Ren, Feng Wang, Meng Wang","doi":"10.1016/j.ajg.2025.03.001","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ajg.2025.03.001","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":48674,"journal":{"name":"Arab Journal of Gastroenterology","volume":"26 2","pages":"Page 224"},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2025-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144055597","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-05-01DOI: 10.1016/j.ajg.2025.01.012
Deliang Ouyang, Haibin Li, Kang Luo, Mingming Huang, Song Yan, Li Zhou
Background and study aims
Mesenchymal stem cell-derived exosomes (MSC-Exos) have been used as drug delivery vehicles for the treatment of gastric cancer. This study aimed to explore the effects of doxorubicin-loaded exosomes (Exo-Dox) combined with the long noncoding RNA PVT1 on gastric cancer (GC) development.
Material and methods
CCK-8 and immunohistochemistry were used to assess cell proliferation. The morphology and size of the exosomes and Exo-Dox were determined. The distribution of free Exos and Exo-Dox in cells was observed under a fluorescence microscope. Cell migration and invasive ability were assessed using wound healing and Transwell assays. In addition, the protective effects of Exo-Dox were confirmed in a xenograft tumor model.
Results
Exosomes were successfully isolated from MSCs and identified. The size of Exo-Dox was greater than that of free Exos. The acidic environment promoted the release of doxorubicin, and exosomes promoted the cellular uptake of doxorubicin. Compared with doxorubicin alone, Exo-Dox exhibited better antitumor effects on gastric cancer, inhibiting the growth, migration and invasion of gastric cancer cells. Additionally, combined therapy of Exo-Dox with si-PVT1 clearly suppressed the proliferation, migration and invasive ability of gastric cancer cells. Exo-Dox combined with si-PVT1 inhibited tumor growth and metastasis in a xenograft model.
Conclusion
Doxorubicin-loaded exosomes combined with si-PVT1 suppressed the progression of GC.
{"title":"Mesenchymal stem cell derived exosomes as Nanodrug carrier of doxorubicin combined with PVT1 siRNA inhibits the progression of gastric cancer","authors":"Deliang Ouyang, Haibin Li, Kang Luo, Mingming Huang, Song Yan, Li Zhou","doi":"10.1016/j.ajg.2025.01.012","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ajg.2025.01.012","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background and study aims</h3><div>Mesenchymal stem cell-derived exosomes (MSC-Exos) have been used as drug delivery vehicles for the treatment of gastric cancer. This study aimed to explore the effects of doxorubicin-loaded exosomes (Exo-Dox) combined with the long noncoding RNA PVT1 on gastric cancer (GC) development.</div></div><div><h3>Material and methods</h3><div>CCK-8 and immunohistochemistry were used to assess cell proliferation. The morphology and size of the exosomes and Exo-Dox were determined. The distribution of free Exos and Exo-Dox in cells was observed under a fluorescence microscope. Cell migration and invasive ability were assessed using wound healing and Transwell assays. In addition, the protective effects of Exo-Dox were confirmed in a xenograft tumor model.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Exosomes were successfully isolated from MSCs and identified. The size of Exo-Dox was greater than that of free Exos. The acidic environment promoted the release of doxorubicin, and exosomes promoted the cellular uptake of doxorubicin. Compared with doxorubicin alone, Exo-Dox exhibited better antitumor effects on gastric cancer, inhibiting the growth, migration and invasion of gastric cancer cells. Additionally, combined therapy of Exo-Dox with si-PVT1 clearly suppressed the proliferation, migration and invasive ability of gastric cancer cells. Exo-Dox combined with si-PVT1 inhibited tumor growth and metastasis in a xenograft model.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>Doxorubicin-loaded exosomes combined with si-PVT1 suppressed the progression of GC.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48674,"journal":{"name":"Arab Journal of Gastroenterology","volume":"26 2","pages":"Pages 149-156"},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2025-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144053890","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"A novel rotatable sphincterotome for transpancreatic biliary sphincterotomy via balloon enteroscopy in a patient with Roux-en-Y gastrectomy","authors":"Yuki Tanisaka, Shomei Ryozawa, Masafumi Mizuide, Akashi Fujita, Ryuichi Watanabe","doi":"10.1016/j.ajg.2025.02.007","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ajg.2025.02.007","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":48674,"journal":{"name":"Arab Journal of Gastroenterology","volume":"26 2","pages":"Pages 219-221"},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2025-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144054897","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is a chronic inflammatory disorder of the gastrointestinal tract characterized by inflammation and ulceration of the intestinal mucosa, represented by Crohn’s disease (CD) and ulcerative colitis (UC). The aim of this study is to investigate the relationship between the Ring Finger Protein 186 (RNF186) rs3806308 variant and IBD, as well as to determine whether zonulin levels are associated with IBD.
Patients and methods
Ninety-nine patients with inflammatory bowel disease were included in the study. The real-time PCR method was used to detect RNF186 gene polymorphism. Also serum zonulin levels were determined by using Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay (ELISA) technique.
Results
No difference was found between the groups in terms of RNF186 genotype and allele distributions (p > 0.05). CC genotype was associated with high levels of C-reactive protein (CRP) in total patients and CD compared to CT (p < 0.05).
Conclusion
The present study is the first study conducted in our country in terms of examining RNF 186 gene polymorphism and serum zonulin levels.
背景与研究目的：炎症性肠病（IBD）是一种以肠黏膜炎症和溃疡为特征的胃肠道慢性炎症性疾病，以克罗恩病（CD）和溃疡性结肠炎（UC）为代表。本研究旨在探讨Ring Finger Protein 186 (RNF186) rs3806308变异与IBD之间的关系，并确定zonulin水平是否与IBD相关。患者和方法：99例炎症性肠病患者纳入研究。采用实时荧光定量PCR法检测RNF186基因多态性。同时采用酶联免疫吸附试验（ELISA）测定血清zonulin水平。结果：各组间RNF186基因型及等位基因分布差异无统计学意义（p < 0.05）。与CT相比，CC基因型与总患者c反应蛋白（CRP）和CD的高水平相关(p)。结论：本研究是国内首次检测RNF 186基因多态性和血清zonulin水平的研究。
{"title":"RNF186 gene variant and zonulin levels in inflammatory bowel disease: A pilot study","authors":"Elif Özdemir Güneri , Resul Kahraman , Merve Nur Ataş , Arzu Ergen","doi":"10.1016/j.ajg.2025.02.005","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ajg.2025.02.005","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background and study aim</h3><div>Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is a chronic inflammatory disorder of the gastrointestinal tract characterized by inflammation and ulceration of the intestinal mucosa, represented by Crohn’s disease (CD) and ulcerative colitis (UC). The aim of this study is to investigate the relationship between the Ring Finger Protein 186 (RNF186) rs3806308 variant and IBD, as well as to determine whether zonulin levels are associated with IBD.</div></div><div><h3>Patients and methods</h3><div>Ninety-nine patients with inflammatory bowel disease were included in the study. The real-time PCR method was used to detect RNF186 gene polymorphism. Also serum zonulin levels were determined by using Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay (ELISA) technique.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>No difference was found between the groups in terms of RNF186 genotype and allele distributions (p > 0.05). CC genotype was associated with high levels of C-reactive protein (CRP) in total patients and CD compared to CT (p < 0.05).</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>The present study is the first study conducted in our country in terms of examining RNF 186 gene polymorphism and serum zonulin levels.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48674,"journal":{"name":"Arab Journal of Gastroenterology","volume":"26 2","pages":"Pages 207-211"},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2025-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144064920","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-05-01DOI: 10.1016/j.ajg.2025.01.013
Douaa Sayed , Rania Bakry , Nabiel Mikhail , Medhat Faris , Fatma Rageh , Ahmed Samir Abdelhafiz , Dalia Ghareeb
Background and study aim
South Egypt Cancer Institute (SECI) is the largest oncology university hospital in Upper Egypt. HBV and HCV are amongst the most important viral infections in cancer patients due to their impaired immunity. Nosocomial infection is among the most important sources of infections of these viruses. However, estimation for the prevalence of HBV and HCV infections among healthcare workers (HCWs) dealing with oncology patients as well as identifying HCV genotypes have not been recently investigated.
Methods
The study consisted of a survey of HCWs in direct contact with blood as a part of their daily work. HCV/Ab, HBsAg and anti-HBc IgM were detected in 505 employees, RT-PCR was performed on HCV-positive persons.
Results
Prevalence was 7.5 % for HCV with marked drop in younger age group and 2.0 % for HBV. The age groups affected were mostly from 30 to < 40 for HBV and ≥ 50 years for HCV. Three-quarters of anti-HCV-positive were also positive by RT-PCR. Males had significantly more HBV infections than females. Gender didn’t affect the rates of HCV infection. HCV genotyping was determined in 20 HCWs who were positive for HCV-RNA. Except for only one, all infections were HCV genotype 4. The commonest place for exposure to HCV was the pediatric inpatient wards (14.3 %), while operation rooms and adult inpatient wards were the highest exposure places for HBV (5.1 % and 2.6 %, respectively).
Conclusions
The marked drop in the prevalence of HCV infection, as well as the relatively lower prevalence of HBV infection among HCWs provides evidence for the effectiveness of infection control measures applied in healthcare over the past few years.
{"title":"The prevalence of infection and potential risk factors for HBV and HCV among healthcare workers not vaccinated against HBV: A study from a cancer center in Egypt, 2021–2022","authors":"Douaa Sayed , Rania Bakry , Nabiel Mikhail , Medhat Faris , Fatma Rageh , Ahmed Samir Abdelhafiz , Dalia Ghareeb","doi":"10.1016/j.ajg.2025.01.013","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ajg.2025.01.013","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background and study aim</h3><div>South Egypt Cancer Institute (SECI) is the largest oncology university hospital in Upper Egypt. HBV and HCV are amongst the most important viral infections in cancer patients due to their impaired immunity. Nosocomial infection is among the most important sources of infections of these viruses. However, estimation for the prevalence of HBV and HCV infections among healthcare workers (HCWs) dealing with oncology patients as well as identifying HCV genotypes have not been recently investigated.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>The study consisted of a survey of HCWs in direct contact with blood as a part of their daily work. HCV/Ab, HBsAg and anti-HBc IgM were detected in 505 employees, RT-PCR was performed on HCV-positive persons.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Prevalence was 7.5 % for HCV with marked drop in younger age group and 2.0 % for HBV. The age groups affected were mostly from 30 to < 40 for HBV and ≥ 50 years for HCV. Three-quarters of anti-HCV-positive were also positive by RT-PCR. Males had significantly more HBV infections than females. Gender didn’t affect the rates of HCV infection.<!--> <!-->HCV genotyping was determined in 20 HCWs who were positive for HCV-RNA. Except for only one, all infections were HCV genotype 4. The commonest place for exposure to HCV was the pediatric inpatient wards (14.3 %), while operation rooms and adult inpatient wards were the highest exposure places for HBV (5.1 % and 2.6 %, respectively).</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>The marked drop in the prevalence of HCV infection, as well as the relatively lower prevalence of HBV infection among HCWs provides evidence for the effectiveness of infection control measures applied in healthcare over the past few years.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48674,"journal":{"name":"Arab Journal of Gastroenterology","volume":"26 2","pages":"Pages 201-206"},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2025-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144051333","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-05-01DOI: 10.1016/j.ajg.2025.02.003
Ziyang Wu , Dong Wang , Chengchun Tang
Background and study aims
This study developed a novel nomogram to predict the incidence of coronary atherosclerosis (CA) in patients with gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) and evaluated its predictive value.
Patients and methods
In total, 13,658 patients with GERD from the Medical Information Mart for Intensive Care IV (MIMIC-IV) database were analyzed. The patients were randomly divided into a training cohort (n = 9,560) and a validation cohort (n = 4,098) at a 7:3 ratio. Least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO) regression analyses were performed to identify associated risk variables. Then a nomogram was developed to predict the rate of CA in patients with GERD. The model’s performance was evaluated using the concordance index, area under the receiver operating characteristic curve, calibration curve, and decision curve analysis.
Results
LASSO regression identified nine potential predictors of CA. Multivariate logistic regression was used to evaluate these predictors and establish the final model. The concordance index was 0.750. The areas under the curve for the training and validation cohorts were 0.7500 and 0.7297, respectively.
Conclusion
Age, white blood cell count, hemoglobin, mean corpuscular hemoglobin, mean corpuscular volume, sodium, bicarbonate, creatinine, and chloride were identified as predictors of CA. The developed nomogram provides a reliable and convenient tool for predicting CA in patients with GERD.
{"title":"A novel nomogram for predicting the risk of coronary atherosclerosis in patients with gastroesophageal reflux disease","authors":"Ziyang Wu , Dong Wang , Chengchun Tang","doi":"10.1016/j.ajg.2025.02.003","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ajg.2025.02.003","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background and study aims</h3><div>This study developed a novel nomogram to predict the incidence of coronary atherosclerosis (CA) in patients with gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) and evaluated its predictive value.</div></div><div><h3>Patients and methods</h3><div>In total, 13,658 patients with GERD from the Medical Information Mart for Intensive Care IV (MIMIC-IV) database were analyzed. The patients were randomly divided into a training cohort (n = 9,560) and a validation cohort (n = 4,098) at a 7:3 ratio. Least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO) regression analyses were performed to identify associated risk variables. Then a nomogram was developed to predict the rate of CA in patients with GERD. The model’s performance was evaluated using the concordance index, area under the receiver operating characteristic curve, calibration curve, and decision curve analysis.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>LASSO regression identified nine potential predictors of CA. Multivariate logistic regression was used to evaluate these predictors and establish the final model. The concordance index was 0.750. The areas under the curve for the training and validation cohorts were 0.7500 and 0.7297, respectively.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>Age, white blood cell count, hemoglobin, mean corpuscular hemoglobin, mean corpuscular volume, sodium, bicarbonate, creatinine, and chloride were identified as predictors of CA. The developed nomogram provides a reliable and convenient tool for predicting CA in patients with GERD.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48674,"journal":{"name":"Arab Journal of Gastroenterology","volume":"26 2","pages":"Pages 176-184"},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2025-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144035596","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Intestinal metaplasia (IM) is a significant gastric mucosal change that warrants attention due to its potential role in the pathogenesis of gastric cancer. IM is often triggered by <em>Helicobacter pylori</em> (<em>H. pylori</em>) infection and some risk factors.</div></div><div><h3>Patients and methods</h3><div>This study examined <em>H. pylori</em> infection and related risk factors in 7,096 participants, identifying 2,200 cases of IM linked to <em>H. pylori</em> and 4,896 controls without the infection in Wuwei, Gansu Province, China. The Operative Link on Gastritis/Intestinal Metaplasia (OLGIM) and (Operative Link on Gastritis Assessment (OLGA) classifications tools were used for identifying participants at high risk for gastric cancer by evaluating the severity and extent of <em>H. pylori</em> infection and IM.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>The study found that IM and <em>H. pylori</em> prevalence were gender-related, with males representing 41.09 % of cases compared to 33.92 % of controls, a significant difference (<em>P</em> < 0.0001). Conversely, females were more prevalent in the control group (66.07 %) compared to the case group (58.91 %). Age analysis showed higher proportions of IM cases in the 40–49 years group (46.95 %) compared to controls (43.40 %), with significant differences across age groups (<em>P</em> < 0.0001). IM showed significant positive correlations with smoking , alcohol consumption , and drinking water sources . <em>H. pylori</em> infection was detected in 238 (10.81 %) of the case group and 542 (11.07 %) of the control group. Using the OLGIM classification, which incorporates IM into gastric cancer risk assessment, stage 0 (no IM) was observed in 1,189 (24.28 %) of the control group and 530 (24.09 %) of the case group. Stage 1 (mild IM) was found in 3,165 (64.62 %) of the controls and 1,432 (65.09 %) of the cases. Stage 2 (moderate IM) was present in 520 (10.62 %) of the controls and 220 (10 %) of the cases, while stage 3 (severe IM) was observed in 24 (0.49 %) of the controls and 18 (0.82 %) of the cases. For OLGA staging, the case group had a higher percentage of individuals in higher stages (III and IV) compared to the control group. Specifically, 50.84 % of the cases were classified as stage 0, 19.75 % , stage I, 14.71 %, stage II, 8.40 %, stage III, and IV, 6.30 %. In the control group, 54.43 % were classified as stage 0, 24.17 %, stage I, 18.45 %, stage II, 1.66 %, stage III, and IV, 1.29 % respectively.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>These findings suggest that older individuals, males, smokers, drinkers, and those using certain drinking water sources are more likely to develop IM. The study highlights the combined impact of <em>H. pylori</em> and risk factors on IM development, emphasizing the need for comprehensive public health strategies to address these risks. The higher proportion of advanced OLGA stages in the case group suggests more severe gastric a
{"title":"Risk factors and correlation of intestinal metaplasia: A case- control study in Wuwei","authors":"Agnes Maganga , Solomon Boamah , Jianjun Wu , Bilembi Mboté Olivier","doi":"10.1016/j.ajg.2025.02.004","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ajg.2025.02.004","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Intestinal metaplasia (IM) is a significant gastric mucosal change that warrants attention due to its potential role in the pathogenesis of gastric cancer. IM is often triggered by <em>Helicobacter pylori</em> (<em>H. pylori</em>) infection and some risk factors.</div></div><div><h3>Patients and methods</h3><div>This study examined <em>H. pylori</em> infection and related risk factors in 7,096 participants, identifying 2,200 cases of IM linked to <em>H. pylori</em> and 4,896 controls without the infection in Wuwei, Gansu Province, China. The Operative Link on Gastritis/Intestinal Metaplasia (OLGIM) and (Operative Link on Gastritis Assessment (OLGA) classifications tools were used for identifying participants at high risk for gastric cancer by evaluating the severity and extent of <em>H. pylori</em> infection and IM.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>The study found that IM and <em>H. pylori</em> prevalence were gender-related, with males representing 41.09 % of cases compared to 33.92 % of controls, a significant difference (<em>P</em> < 0.0001). Conversely, females were more prevalent in the control group (66.07 %) compared to the case group (58.91 %). Age analysis showed higher proportions of IM cases in the 40–49 years group (46.95 %) compared to controls (43.40 %), with significant differences across age groups (<em>P</em> < 0.0001). IM showed significant positive correlations with smoking , alcohol consumption , and drinking water sources . <em>H. pylori</em> infection was detected in 238 (10.81 %) of the case group and 542 (11.07 %) of the control group. Using the OLGIM classification, which incorporates IM into gastric cancer risk assessment, stage 0 (no IM) was observed in 1,189 (24.28 %) of the control group and 530 (24.09 %) of the case group. Stage 1 (mild IM) was found in 3,165 (64.62 %) of the controls and 1,432 (65.09 %) of the cases. Stage 2 (moderate IM) was present in 520 (10.62 %) of the controls and 220 (10 %) of the cases, while stage 3 (severe IM) was observed in 24 (0.49 %) of the controls and 18 (0.82 %) of the cases. For OLGA staging, the case group had a higher percentage of individuals in higher stages (III and IV) compared to the control group. Specifically, 50.84 % of the cases were classified as stage 0, 19.75 % , stage I, 14.71 %, stage II, 8.40 %, stage III, and IV, 6.30 %. In the control group, 54.43 % were classified as stage 0, 24.17 %, stage I, 18.45 %, stage II, 1.66 %, stage III, and IV, 1.29 % respectively.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>These findings suggest that older individuals, males, smokers, drinkers, and those using certain drinking water sources are more likely to develop IM. The study highlights the combined impact of <em>H. pylori</em> and risk factors on IM development, emphasizing the need for comprehensive public health strategies to address these risks. The higher proportion of advanced OLGA stages in the case group suggests more severe gastric a","PeriodicalId":48674,"journal":{"name":"Arab Journal of Gastroenterology","volume":"26 2","pages":"Pages 185-194"},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2025-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144026337","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
HIV alone can induce liver fibrosis whereas co-infection with HCV presents a significant challenge in hastening the development of chronic liver disorders such a liver fibrosis, cirrhosis, and hepatic malignancy. Information on the influence of HIV on liver stiffness (LS) after treatment with direct-acting antiviral (DAAs) agents is scarce. The aim of this study was to assess the changes in LS using transient elastography (TE) and fibrosis scores (Fibrosis-4 [FIB-4] and AST-to-platelet ratio index [APRI]) before the initiation of treatment and six months after the end of treatment (EOT) with DAAs in HCV/HIV co-infected patients compared with HCV mono-infected patients.
Patients and methods
All consecutive chronic HCV patients treated with DAAs during 2016–2020 were retrospectively recruited. TE was performed at baseline and SVR24. Fibrosis scores such as FIB-4 and APRI were calculated in parallel. Improvement of liver fibrosis was defined as any changes in the fibrosis category at baseline to a lower fibrosis category at SVR24.
Results
Of 288 HCV-infected patients, 217 (75.3 %) were HCV mono-infected and 71 (24.7 %) were HCV/HIV co-infected. A significant decrease in TE values was noted at SVR24 compared with baseline (10.3 kPa vs. 7.9 kPa, respectively; P= <0.0001 in HCV mono-infection; 5.9 kPa vs. 5.3 kPa, respectively; P= <0.0001 in HCV/HIV co-infection). Moreover, the proportion of HCV mono-infected patients who had stable, improvement, and worsening in fibrosis stage at follow-up was 50.2 %, 43.3 %, and 6.5 %, respectively while it was 54.9 %, 32.4 %, and 12.7 %, respectively in HCV/HIV co-infection. In multivariable analysis, the higher fibrosis category was the only factor that influenced the improvement of liver fibrosis at follow-up, whereas HIV co-infection wasn’t confirmed.
Conclusion
patients with HCV mono-infection and HCV/HIV co-infection experienced a rapid and significant improvement in LS and fibrosis indices. This improvement was more pronounced in those with high fibrosis grades at baseline.
{"title":"Changes in liver stiffness and non-invasive markers in chronic hepatitis C virus patients with and without HIV co-infection following interferon-free antiviral treatment","authors":"Shereen Abdel Alem, Zeinab abdellatif, Rahma Mohamed, Aisha Elsharkawy, Rabab Fouad, Gamal Esmat, Ahmed Cordie","doi":"10.1016/j.ajg.2025.02.006","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ajg.2025.02.006","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background and study aims</h3><div>HIV alone can induce liver fibrosis whereas co-infection with HCV presents a significant challenge in hastening the development of chronic liver disorders such a liver fibrosis, cirrhosis, and hepatic malignancy. Information on the influence of HIV on liver stiffness (LS) after treatment with direct-acting antiviral (DAAs) agents is scarce. The aim of this study was to assess the changes in LS using transient elastography (TE) and fibrosis scores (Fibrosis-4 [FIB-4] and AST-to-platelet ratio index [APRI]) before the initiation of treatment and six months after the end of treatment (EOT) with DAAs in HCV/HIV co-infected patients compared with HCV mono-infected patients.</div></div><div><h3>Patients and methods</h3><div>All consecutive chronic HCV patients treated with DAAs during 2016–2020 were retrospectively recruited. TE was performed at baseline and SVR24. Fibrosis scores such as FIB-4 and APRI were calculated in parallel. Improvement of liver fibrosis was defined as any changes in the fibrosis category at baseline to a lower fibrosis category at SVR24.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Of 288 HCV-infected patients, 217 (75.3 %) were HCV mono-infected and 71 (24.7 %) were HCV/HIV co-infected. A significant decrease in TE values was noted at SVR24 compared with baseline (10.3 kPa vs. 7.9 kPa, respectively; P= <0.0001 in HCV mono-infection; 5.9 kPa vs. 5.3 kPa, respectively; P= <0.0001 in HCV/HIV co-infection). Moreover, the proportion of HCV mono-infected patients who had stable, improvement, and worsening in fibrosis stage at follow-up was 50.2 %, 43.3 %, and 6.5 %, respectively while it was 54.9 %, 32.4 %, and 12.7 %, respectively in HCV/HIV co-infection. In multivariable analysis, the higher fibrosis category was the only factor that influenced the improvement of liver fibrosis at follow-up, whereas HIV co-infection wasn’t confirmed.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>patients with HCV mono-infection and HCV/HIV co-infection experienced a rapid and significant improvement in LS and fibrosis indices. This improvement was more pronounced in those with high fibrosis grades at baseline.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48674,"journal":{"name":"Arab Journal of Gastroenterology","volume":"26 2","pages":"Pages 212-218"},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2025-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144051359","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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