Pub Date : 2023-07-01DOI: 10.1097/TIN.0000000000000331
Mohammad Ghasemi Nour, M. Heidari, Leila Amini Noghondar, Arash Akhavan Rezayat, Hakime Ghadiri Hakim, Naghmeh Emrani, H. Ahanchian
The possible effect of probiotics consumption on the symptoms and courses of the common cold, influenza, and influenza-like illness was evaluated via a meta-analysis. Probiotic consumption reduced the incidence of the common cold (odds ratio [OR] = 0.50, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.38-0.64, P < .001) and influenza-like illness episodes (OR = 0.24, 95% CI: 0.14-0.40, P < .001) but had no significant effect on decreasing the influenza episodes (OR = 0.91, 95% CI: 0.62-1.35, P = .831). Probiotic supplementation showed a promising beneficial role in the reduction of the episodes and symptoms of the common cold and influenza-like illness.
{"title":"Effect of Probiotics on Common Cold, Influenza, and Influenza-Like Illness","authors":"Mohammad Ghasemi Nour, M. Heidari, Leila Amini Noghondar, Arash Akhavan Rezayat, Hakime Ghadiri Hakim, Naghmeh Emrani, H. Ahanchian","doi":"10.1097/TIN.0000000000000331","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1097/TIN.0000000000000331","url":null,"abstract":"The possible effect of probiotics consumption on the symptoms and courses of the common cold, influenza, and influenza-like illness was evaluated via a meta-analysis. Probiotic consumption reduced the incidence of the common cold (odds ratio [OR] = 0.50, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.38-0.64, P < .001) and influenza-like illness episodes (OR = 0.24, 95% CI: 0.14-0.40, P < .001) but had no significant effect on decreasing the influenza episodes (OR = 0.91, 95% CI: 0.62-1.35, P = .831). Probiotic supplementation showed a promising beneficial role in the reduction of the episodes and symptoms of the common cold and influenza-like illness.","PeriodicalId":48681,"journal":{"name":"Topics in Clinical Nutrition","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2023-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43531990","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-07-01DOI: 10.1097/TIN.0000000000000326
M. Hasani, Fahimeh Agh, P. Irandoost, F. Farsi, A. Khodabakhshi, J. Heshmati, A. B. Pizarro, Vahideh Aghamohamadi, M. Khazdouz
Oxidative stress is the fundamental etiology of inflammation and organ failure, and unfavorable consequences characterize critical illness. We searched systematically up to September 2021 to find related randomized controlled trials (RCTs) that investigated the effects of selenium in antioxidant markers of the critically ill. A total of 10 RCTs were included. The results indicated that selenium administration has no significant effects on glutathione peroxidase activity (standardized mean difference [SMD]: 1.67, 95% confidence interval [CI]: −0.01 to 3.35) and C-reactive protein levels (SMD: −0.21 mg/L, 95% CI: −0.45 to 0.03). Further trials are needed to prove the potential effects of selenium administration on antioxidant and inflammation markers.
{"title":"Antioxidant Effects of Selenium in Adult Critically Ill Patients","authors":"M. Hasani, Fahimeh Agh, P. Irandoost, F. Farsi, A. Khodabakhshi, J. Heshmati, A. B. Pizarro, Vahideh Aghamohamadi, M. Khazdouz","doi":"10.1097/TIN.0000000000000326","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1097/TIN.0000000000000326","url":null,"abstract":"Oxidative stress is the fundamental etiology of inflammation and organ failure, and unfavorable consequences characterize critical illness. We searched systematically up to September 2021 to find related randomized controlled trials (RCTs) that investigated the effects of selenium in antioxidant markers of the critically ill. A total of 10 RCTs were included. The results indicated that selenium administration has no significant effects on glutathione peroxidase activity (standardized mean difference [SMD]: 1.67, 95% confidence interval [CI]: −0.01 to 3.35) and C-reactive protein levels (SMD: −0.21 mg/L, 95% CI: −0.45 to 0.03). Further trials are needed to prove the potential effects of selenium administration on antioxidant and inflammation markers.","PeriodicalId":48681,"journal":{"name":"Topics in Clinical Nutrition","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2023-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43367492","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-07-01DOI: 10.1097/TIN.0000000000000325
Jingran Cao, Wei Liu, Qingsheng Luo, Sheng-lu Yin
This study investigated a 3-step procedure of nutritional risk screening, evaluation, and Global Leadership Initiative on Malnutrition (GLIM) diagnosis for Chinese elderly inpatients. Nutritional risk screening was performed as the first step using the Nutritional Risk Screening 2002 (NRS2002). Nutritional status evaluation was performed as the second step using the Mini-Nutritional Assessment Short Form (MNA-SF). Malnutrition diagnosis was performed as the third step using the GLIM criteria. The consistency of these tools and the validity of the GLIM criteria were proven. Fewer patients met the GLIM criteria compared with the NRS2002. Good correlations between malnutrition and frailty or sarcopenia were discovered.
{"title":"Investigation on the 3-Step Procedure of Nutritional Screening, Evaluation, and GLIM Diagnosis for Elderly Inpatients","authors":"Jingran Cao, Wei Liu, Qingsheng Luo, Sheng-lu Yin","doi":"10.1097/TIN.0000000000000325","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1097/TIN.0000000000000325","url":null,"abstract":"This study investigated a 3-step procedure of nutritional risk screening, evaluation, and Global Leadership Initiative on Malnutrition (GLIM) diagnosis for Chinese elderly inpatients. Nutritional risk screening was performed as the first step using the Nutritional Risk Screening 2002 (NRS2002). Nutritional status evaluation was performed as the second step using the Mini-Nutritional Assessment Short Form (MNA-SF). Malnutrition diagnosis was performed as the third step using the GLIM criteria. The consistency of these tools and the validity of the GLIM criteria were proven. Fewer patients met the GLIM criteria compared with the NRS2002. Good correlations between malnutrition and frailty or sarcopenia were discovered.","PeriodicalId":48681,"journal":{"name":"Topics in Clinical Nutrition","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2023-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44681727","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-07-01DOI: 10.1097/TIN.0000000000000311
Jie Zheng, Feng-mei Yu, Yingyi Chen, Fu Ming, Zhiyong Rao
The aim of this study was to investigate the prevalence of nutritional risk and malnutrition through the Nutrition Risk Screening, Nutrition Status Assessment, and Nutrition Support Action (NRASA) protocol. A total of 325 140 patients were screened, and 59 122 adults (19.31%) and 9154 children (48.38%) were considered to be “at nutritional risk.” The prevalence of nutritional risk was 18.60% (306 220 patients) based on Nutritional Risk Screening 2002 (NRS2002), and 95.62% (2687 patients) by the Mini-Nutritional Assessment Short-Form (MNA-SF). Almost 67% of 23 805 adult patients were identified to be malnourished. The prevalence of malnutrition was 47.34% (6227 patients) based upon the Subjective Global Assessment (SGA), 69.86% (2687 patients) by the Mini-Nutritional Assessment (MNA) and 97.92% (7689 patients) by the Patient-Generated Subjective Global Assessment (PG-SGA). The NRASA protocol showed that the nutritional care process can be successfully implemented to confer adequate and timely nutritional therapy for malnourished patients.
{"title":"The Practice of Nutrition Risk Screening, Nutrition Status Assessment, and Nutrition Support Action (NRASA) in Hospitalized Patients","authors":"Jie Zheng, Feng-mei Yu, Yingyi Chen, Fu Ming, Zhiyong Rao","doi":"10.1097/TIN.0000000000000311","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1097/TIN.0000000000000311","url":null,"abstract":"The aim of this study was to investigate the prevalence of nutritional risk and malnutrition through the Nutrition Risk Screening, Nutrition Status Assessment, and Nutrition Support Action (NRASA) protocol. A total of 325 140 patients were screened, and 59 122 adults (19.31%) and 9154 children (48.38%) were considered to be “at nutritional risk.” The prevalence of nutritional risk was 18.60% (306 220 patients) based on Nutritional Risk Screening 2002 (NRS2002), and 95.62% (2687 patients) by the Mini-Nutritional Assessment Short-Form (MNA-SF). Almost 67% of 23 805 adult patients were identified to be malnourished. The prevalence of malnutrition was 47.34% (6227 patients) based upon the Subjective Global Assessment (SGA), 69.86% (2687 patients) by the Mini-Nutritional Assessment (MNA) and 97.92% (7689 patients) by the Patient-Generated Subjective Global Assessment (PG-SGA). The NRASA protocol showed that the nutritional care process can be successfully implemented to confer adequate and timely nutritional therapy for malnourished patients.","PeriodicalId":48681,"journal":{"name":"Topics in Clinical Nutrition","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2023-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45766685","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-07-01DOI: 10.1097/tin.0000000000000324
Jill E. Comess, A. Abad-Jorge
{"title":"Introduction to the Gut Microbiome and Its Impact on Health and Disease","authors":"Jill E. Comess, A. Abad-Jorge","doi":"10.1097/tin.0000000000000324","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1097/tin.0000000000000324","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":48681,"journal":{"name":"Topics in Clinical Nutrition","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2023-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42236304","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-07-01DOI: 10.1097/TIN.0000000000000328
Z. Caferoğlu, N. Kaya, N. Konyaligil, E. Kurtbeyoğlu, Meliha Cavdar, Selma Firat, H. Toklu, F. Kardaş
This study aimed to compare the diagnostic accuracy of Pediatric Nutrition Screening Tool (PNST) and Pediatric Yorkhill Malnutrition Score (PYMS) in Turkish pediatric inpatients. A cross-sectional study was conducted on 996 inpatients aged 1 to 16 years. The prevalence of malnutrition was 31.8%. The PNST identified 28.7% (original cutoffs) and 62.6% (adjusted cutoffs) of patients as at risk, whereas PYMS categorized 44.3% as at high risk of malnutrition. The sensitivity of PNST with original cutoffs (52.1%) was lower than that of PYMS (85.2%) and PNST with adjusted cutoffs (83.3%), especially for acute malnutrition (67.6% vs 95.3% and 94.6%, respectively). Considering the importance of early identification and treatment of malnutrition, PYMS and PNST with adjusted cutoffs may be useful as a screening tool in this population.
{"title":"Comparison of Pediatric Nutrition Screening Tool (PNST) With the Pediatric Yorkhill Malnutrition Score (PYMS) in Hospitalized Turkish Children","authors":"Z. Caferoğlu, N. Kaya, N. Konyaligil, E. Kurtbeyoğlu, Meliha Cavdar, Selma Firat, H. Toklu, F. Kardaş","doi":"10.1097/TIN.0000000000000328","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1097/TIN.0000000000000328","url":null,"abstract":"This study aimed to compare the diagnostic accuracy of Pediatric Nutrition Screening Tool (PNST) and Pediatric Yorkhill Malnutrition Score (PYMS) in Turkish pediatric inpatients. A cross-sectional study was conducted on 996 inpatients aged 1 to 16 years. The prevalence of malnutrition was 31.8%. The PNST identified 28.7% (original cutoffs) and 62.6% (adjusted cutoffs) of patients as at risk, whereas PYMS categorized 44.3% as at high risk of malnutrition. The sensitivity of PNST with original cutoffs (52.1%) was lower than that of PYMS (85.2%) and PNST with adjusted cutoffs (83.3%), especially for acute malnutrition (67.6% vs 95.3% and 94.6%, respectively). Considering the importance of early identification and treatment of malnutrition, PYMS and PNST with adjusted cutoffs may be useful as a screening tool in this population.","PeriodicalId":48681,"journal":{"name":"Topics in Clinical Nutrition","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2023-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48246185","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-07-01DOI: 10.1097/tin.0000000000000333
The author has disclosed that she has no significant relationships with, or financial interest in, any commercial companies pertaining to this article.
作者已披露，她与任何与本文有关的商业公司没有重大关系或经济利益。
{"title":"From the Editor's Desk","authors":"","doi":"10.1097/tin.0000000000000333","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1097/tin.0000000000000333","url":null,"abstract":"The author has disclosed that she has no significant relationships with, or financial interest in, any commercial companies pertaining to this article.","PeriodicalId":48681,"journal":{"name":"Topics in Clinical Nutrition","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135209905","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-07-01DOI: 10.1097/TIN.0000000000000332
Larissa Fadin, Karolinny Cristiny de Oliveira Vieira, Ana Clara Campagnolo Gonçalves Toledo, A. K. D. da Silva, V. C. Pereira, L. Winkelstroter
This review aimed to evaluate probiotic use to prevent antibiotic-associated diarrhea in children. A total of 1564 studies of randomized clinical trials published in English were found using PubMed, Cochrane, and Virtual Health Library (MEDLINE/LILACS). A meta-analysis included 4 trials in subgroup Lactobacillus rhamnosus (95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.17-0.49; P < .00001), 2 trials in subgroup L reuteri (95% CI: 0.51-1.77; P = .87), and 5 groups in subgroup association of species of probiotics (95% CI: 0.21-1.71; P = .33). The findings suggest that L rhamnosus alone may be useful in preventing antibiotic-associated diarrhea in children.
{"title":"Probiotics in the Management of Antibiotic-Associated Diarrhea in Children","authors":"Larissa Fadin, Karolinny Cristiny de Oliveira Vieira, Ana Clara Campagnolo Gonçalves Toledo, A. K. D. da Silva, V. C. Pereira, L. Winkelstroter","doi":"10.1097/TIN.0000000000000332","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1097/TIN.0000000000000332","url":null,"abstract":"This review aimed to evaluate probiotic use to prevent antibiotic-associated diarrhea in children. A total of 1564 studies of randomized clinical trials published in English were found using PubMed, Cochrane, and Virtual Health Library (MEDLINE/LILACS). A meta-analysis included 4 trials in subgroup Lactobacillus rhamnosus (95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.17-0.49; P < .00001), 2 trials in subgroup L reuteri (95% CI: 0.51-1.77; P = .87), and 5 groups in subgroup association of species of probiotics (95% CI: 0.21-1.71; P = .33). The findings suggest that L rhamnosus alone may be useful in preventing antibiotic-associated diarrhea in children.","PeriodicalId":48681,"journal":{"name":"Topics in Clinical Nutrition","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2023-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45473860","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-04-01DOI: 10.1097/TIN.0000000000000318
K. Roop, K. Coakley, D. Cohen, D. Gonzales-Pacheco
A systematic review was conducted to investigate the association between exogenous testosterone therapy and resting energy expenditure (REE) in adults. Eleven studies met the inclusion criteria (n = 259; 93% male). Results of this systematic review indicate that exogenous testosterone does not significantly affect REE. Registered dietitian nutritionists (RDNs) may not need to adjust individual energy needs based solely on exogenous testosterone therapy. However, this systematic review is limited because of the paucity of studies addressing this topic. RDNs should consider the most current published research regarding use of exogenous testosterone in adults when assessing REE in patients receiving exogenous testosterone therapy.
{"title":"The Relationship Between Exogenous Testosterone and Resting Energy Expenditure in Adults","authors":"K. Roop, K. Coakley, D. Cohen, D. Gonzales-Pacheco","doi":"10.1097/TIN.0000000000000318","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1097/TIN.0000000000000318","url":null,"abstract":"A systematic review was conducted to investigate the association between exogenous testosterone therapy and resting energy expenditure (REE) in adults. Eleven studies met the inclusion criteria (n = 259; 93% male). Results of this systematic review indicate that exogenous testosterone does not significantly affect REE. Registered dietitian nutritionists (RDNs) may not need to adjust individual energy needs based solely on exogenous testosterone therapy. However, this systematic review is limited because of the paucity of studies addressing this topic. RDNs should consider the most current published research regarding use of exogenous testosterone in adults when assessing REE in patients receiving exogenous testosterone therapy.","PeriodicalId":48681,"journal":{"name":"Topics in Clinical Nutrition","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2023-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44279715","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-04-01DOI: 10.1097/TIN.0000000000000315
A. Gaba, S. Costa, R. Schnoll, Mary-Ellen Dorfman, Steven Cordova, S. Jakuboski, Brett Spiegel, A. Joshi
Students in a didactic program in dietetics (n = 147) and dietetic interns (n = 50) engaged with a web-based clinical simulation to practice the nutrition care process. An evaluation survey with open and closed-ended questions was used to collect data from participants. Survey results indicated that a majority of participants felt the simulation was easy to engage with, was valuable to their education, and facilitated their understanding of conducting nutrition assessments. Qualitative analysis of open-ended questions produced themes in participants' responses to their experience with the simulation. A web-based clinical simulation can be valuable in dietetics education and effectively support learning.
{"title":"Development and Evaluation of an Online Simulated Hospital Unit for Nutrition Assessment Training","authors":"A. Gaba, S. Costa, R. Schnoll, Mary-Ellen Dorfman, Steven Cordova, S. Jakuboski, Brett Spiegel, A. Joshi","doi":"10.1097/TIN.0000000000000315","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1097/TIN.0000000000000315","url":null,"abstract":"Students in a didactic program in dietetics (n = 147) and dietetic interns (n = 50) engaged with a web-based clinical simulation to practice the nutrition care process. An evaluation survey with open and closed-ended questions was used to collect data from participants. Survey results indicated that a majority of participants felt the simulation was easy to engage with, was valuable to their education, and facilitated their understanding of conducting nutrition assessments. Qualitative analysis of open-ended questions produced themes in participants' responses to their experience with the simulation. A web-based clinical simulation can be valuable in dietetics education and effectively support learning.","PeriodicalId":48681,"journal":{"name":"Topics in Clinical Nutrition","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2023-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42075343","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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