This work explores six newly designed compounds obtained by several substitutions in 2,5-di(2-thienyl) pyrrole molecule. For this series of compounds, the electronic and optical properties were investigated using density functional theory and time-dependent density functional theory (TD-DFT). The new compounds were characterized by calculating the chemical parameters that correlated with their optical and electrical properties. The lowest unoccupied molecular orbital (LUMO) and the highest occupied molecular orbital (HOMO) energies are calculated using the B3LYP functional with the 6-311G (d, p) basis set. The most low-lying energy level of the LUMO was found for Perr-NO2, indicating its effective electron injection capabilities and oxidation resistance. The HOMO and LUMO distributions of Perr-Cl and Perr-NO2 displayed a remarkable complementarity throughout each component of the two compounds, indicating an effective intermolecular charge transfer. The molecular electrostatic potential analysis demonstrated that the proposed compounds have a broad distribution of electrophilic and nucleophilic sites, which predict a high degree of chemical reactivity. The electron density analysis at the bonding and anti-bonding sites of the title compounds was performed using the electron localization function and local orbital locator techniques. Non-covalent interaction analysis using the reduced density gradient approach classified all types of interaction: repulsive, weak, and attractive interactions within compound fragments. All compounds exhibited a robust repulsive interaction, as proved by the red spikes at 0.038 a.u. The ultraviolet/visible (UV/vis) spectrum was obtained by TD-DFT using CAM-B3LYP models in conjunction with 6-311G (d, p) basis set and methanol as a solvent, the absorption bands were found within the UV range, and the maximum wavelength showed red-shifted increases. These compounds could serve as a base material for developing selective gas sensors with considerable UV/vis absorption (180–400 nm). According to the research results, the designed compounds are good candidates for use as precursors in polymer designs for optoelectronic and sensor applications due to their high electrical conductivity and photochemical properties.
{"title":"Substituent effect on the electronic and optical properties of newly designed pyrrole derivatives using density functional theory","authors":"Mamduh J. Aljaafreh, Rageh. K. Hussein","doi":"10.1515/phys-2024-0012","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/phys-2024-0012","url":null,"abstract":"This work explores six newly designed compounds obtained by several substitutions in 2,5-di(2-thienyl) pyrrole molecule. For this series of compounds, the electronic and optical properties were investigated using density functional theory and time-dependent density functional theory (TD-DFT). The new compounds were characterized by calculating the chemical parameters that correlated with their optical and electrical properties. The lowest unoccupied molecular orbital (LUMO) and the highest occupied molecular orbital (HOMO) energies are calculated using the B3LYP functional with the 6-311G (d, p) basis set. The most low-lying energy level of the LUMO was found for Perr-NO<jats:sub>2</jats:sub>, indicating its effective electron injection capabilities and oxidation resistance. The HOMO and LUMO distributions of Perr-Cl and Perr-NO<jats:sub>2</jats:sub> displayed a remarkable complementarity throughout each component of the two compounds, indicating an effective intermolecular charge transfer. The molecular electrostatic potential analysis demonstrated that the proposed compounds have a broad distribution of electrophilic and nucleophilic sites, which predict a high degree of chemical reactivity. The electron density analysis at the bonding and anti-bonding sites of the title compounds was performed using the electron localization function and local orbital locator techniques. Non-covalent interaction analysis using the reduced density gradient approach classified all types of interaction: repulsive, weak, and attractive interactions within compound fragments. All compounds exhibited a robust repulsive interaction, as proved by the red spikes at 0.038 a.u. The ultraviolet/visible (UV/vis) spectrum was obtained by TD-DFT using CAM-B3LYP models in conjunction with 6-311G (d, p) basis set and methanol as a solvent, the absorption bands were found within the UV range, and the maximum wavelength showed red-shifted increases. These compounds could serve as a base material for developing selective gas sensors with considerable UV/vis absorption (180–400 nm). According to the research results, the designed compounds are good candidates for use as precursors in polymer designs for optoelectronic and sensor applications due to their high electrical conductivity and photochemical properties.","PeriodicalId":48710,"journal":{"name":"Open Physics","volume":"156 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2024-04-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140798691","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Gamal M. Ismail, Alwaleed Kamel, Abdulaziz Alsarrani
Periodic behaviour analysis of nano/microelectromechanical systems (N/MEMS) is an important area due to its numerous prospective applications in micro instruments. The intriguing and unique qualities of these systems, notably their tiny size, batch manufacturing, low power consumption, and great dependability have piqued the attention of academics and enterprises in using these structures to manufacture various microdevices. This article presents the parameter expansion method (PEM) to obtain the approximate solutions of N/MEMS. The present approach, as well as its speed and simplicity in providing analytical solutions that converge quickly to the exact numerical ones, distinguishes this study. The PEM has the benefit of immediately providing analytical solutions to nonlinear differential equations while avoiding costly calculations. Furthermore, in terms of establishing numerous terms of semi-analytic solutions, this approach is very faster and superior to other established analytical techniques in the literature.
{"title":"Studying nonlinear vibration analysis of nanoelectro-mechanical resonators via analytical computational method","authors":"Gamal M. Ismail, Alwaleed Kamel, Abdulaziz Alsarrani","doi":"10.1515/phys-2024-0011","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/phys-2024-0011","url":null,"abstract":"Periodic behaviour analysis of nano/microelectromechanical systems (N/MEMS) is an important area due to its numerous prospective applications in micro instruments. The intriguing and unique qualities of these systems, notably their tiny size, batch manufacturing, low power consumption, and great dependability have piqued the attention of academics and enterprises in using these structures to manufacture various microdevices. This article presents the parameter expansion method (PEM) to obtain the approximate solutions of N/MEMS. The present approach, as well as its speed and simplicity in providing analytical solutions that converge quickly to the exact numerical ones, distinguishes this study. The PEM has the benefit of immediately providing analytical solutions to nonlinear differential equations while avoiding costly calculations. Furthermore, in terms of establishing numerous terms of semi-analytic solutions, this approach is very faster and superior to other established analytical techniques in the literature.","PeriodicalId":48710,"journal":{"name":"Open Physics","volume":"2 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2024-04-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140630859","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Mahesh Attimarad, Katharigatta Narayanaswamy Venugopala, Anroop B. Nair, Bandar Aldhubiab, Sreeharsha Nagaraja
A binary blend of rosuvastatin (ROS) and teneligliptin (TEN) used for the management of cardiovascular complications require a simple, analytical process for the quality assurance of this formulation. UV absorption spectra of ROS and TEN showed overlapping spectra. Hence, the overlapped spectra of ROS and TEN were separated by ratio difference, ratio first derivative; constant extraction coupled with exponentiation with division spectrum, and induced dual-wavelength methods. The proposed methods were authenticated by following the international council for harmonization criteria. A good linear relationship was demonstrated by all four methods, in 2–15 and 2–30 µg/mL for ROS and TEN, respectively. The high percentage retrieval of 98.96–100.22 and 98.72–99.73% for ROS and TEN, respectively, with small relative error, assured the correctness of the techniques. The validated techniques were employed for concurrent evaluation of ROS and TEN from binary formulation and laboratory-prepared mixture. The standard addition process verified the reliability of the projected procedures. The developed methods showed same accuracy and precision when compared to the HPLC methods along with safer solvent. Finally, the environmental sustainability of the presented UV spectroscopic procedures was found to be better than the reported HPLC method. Hence, eco-friendly, simple, and accurate mathematically processed UV spectroscopic procedures can be employed for simultaneous quantification of ROS and TEN for routine quality control study.
用于治疗心血管并发症的罗伐他汀（ROS）和替尼列汀（TEN）二元混合物需要一种简单的分析方法来保证制剂的质量。ROS 和 TEN 的紫外线吸收光谱显示出重叠的光谱。因此，ROS 和 TEN 的重叠光谱通过比值差法、比值一阶导数法、常数提取与指数除谱法以及诱导双波长法进行了分离。根据国际协调委员会的标准，对所提出的方法进行了认证。所有四种方法都显示出良好的线性关系，ROS 和 TEN 的线性范围分别为 2-15 µg/mL 和 2-30 µg/mL。ROS 和 TEN 的检索率分别为 98.96-100.22% 和 98.72-99.73%，相对误差较小，这保证了技术的正确性。经过验证的技术被用于同时评估二元配方和实验室制备混合物中的 ROS 和 TEN。标准添加过程验证了预计程序的可靠性。与 HPLC 方法和更安全的溶剂相比，所开发的方法显示出相同的准确度和精确度。最后，发现所提出的紫外光谱程序的环境可持续性优于所报告的高效液相色谱法。因此，在常规质量控制研究中，可以采用环保、简单、准确的数学处理紫外光谱程序来同时定量 ROS 和 TEN。
{"title":"In silico modified UV spectrophotometric approaches to resolve overlapped spectra for quality control of rosuvastatin and teneligliptin formulation","authors":"Mahesh Attimarad, Katharigatta Narayanaswamy Venugopala, Anroop B. Nair, Bandar Aldhubiab, Sreeharsha Nagaraja","doi":"10.1515/phys-2024-0014","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/phys-2024-0014","url":null,"abstract":"A binary blend of rosuvastatin (ROS) and teneligliptin (TEN) used for the management of cardiovascular complications require a simple, analytical process for the quality assurance of this formulation. UV absorption spectra of ROS and TEN showed overlapping spectra. Hence, the overlapped spectra of ROS and TEN were separated by ratio difference, ratio first derivative; constant extraction coupled with exponentiation with division spectrum, and induced dual-wavelength methods. The proposed methods were authenticated by following the international council for harmonization criteria. A good linear relationship was demonstrated by all four methods, in 2–15 and 2–30 µg/mL for ROS and TEN, respectively. The high percentage retrieval of 98.96–100.22 and 98.72–99.73% for ROS and TEN, respectively, with small relative error, assured the correctness of the techniques. The validated techniques were employed for concurrent evaluation of ROS and TEN from binary formulation and laboratory-prepared mixture. The standard addition process verified the reliability of the projected procedures. The developed methods showed same accuracy and precision when compared to the HPLC methods along with safer solvent. Finally, the environmental sustainability of the presented UV spectroscopic procedures was found to be better than the reported HPLC method. Hence, eco-friendly, simple, and accurate mathematically processed UV spectroscopic procedures can be employed for simultaneous quantification of ROS and TEN for routine quality control study.","PeriodicalId":48710,"journal":{"name":"Open Physics","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2024-04-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140628623","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Nehad Ali Shah, Dumitru Vieru, Constantin Fetecau, Shalan Alkarni
Closed-form expressions for the dimensionless velocity, shear stresses, and the flow vorticity fields corresponding to the isothermal unsteady Poiseuille flows of a fractional incompressible viscous fluid over an infinite flat plate are established. The fluid motion induced by a pressure gradient in the flow direction is also influenced by the flat plate that oscillates in its plane. The vorticity field is dependent on two spatial coordinate and time, and it is an arbitrary trigonometric polynomial in the horizontal coordinate. The exact solutions, obtained by generalized separation of variables and Laplace transform technique, are presented in terms of the Wright function and complementary error function of Gauss. Their advantage consists in the fact that the values of the fractional parameter can be chosen so that the predicted material properties by them to be in agreement with the corresponding experimental results. In addition, they describe motions for which the nontrivial shear stresses are influenced by history of the shear rates. It is found that the flow vorticity is stronger near the plate, but it could be attenuated in the case of fractional model.
{"title":"Exact solutions to vorticity of the fractional nonuniform Poiseuille flows","authors":"Nehad Ali Shah, Dumitru Vieru, Constantin Fetecau, Shalan Alkarni","doi":"10.1515/phys-2024-0006","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/phys-2024-0006","url":null,"abstract":"Closed-form expressions for the dimensionless velocity, shear stresses, and the flow vorticity fields corresponding to the isothermal unsteady Poiseuille flows of a fractional incompressible viscous fluid over an infinite flat plate are established. The fluid motion induced by a pressure gradient in the flow direction is also influenced by the flat plate that oscillates in its plane. The vorticity field is dependent on two spatial coordinate and time, and it is an arbitrary trigonometric polynomial in the horizontal coordinate. The exact solutions, obtained by generalized separation of variables and Laplace transform technique, are presented in terms of the Wright function and complementary error function of Gauss. Their advantage consists in the fact that the values of the fractional parameter can be chosen so that the predicted material properties by them to be in agreement with the corresponding experimental results. In addition, they describe motions for which the nontrivial shear stresses are influenced by history of the shear rates. It is found that the flow vorticity is stronger near the plate, but it could be attenuated in the case of fractional model.","PeriodicalId":48710,"journal":{"name":"Open Physics","volume":"96 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2024-04-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140612439","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Obulesu Mopuri, Charankumar Ganteda, Sarah A. Alsalhi, Sami Ullah Khan, Aruna Ganjikunta, Vediyappan Govindan, Faris Alqurashi, Mohamed Kchaou
The combined heat and mass transfer phenomenon is a significant aspect of engineering and industrial processes. This phenomenon finds applications in various areas such as air conditioning, cooling and heating control of electronic devices, reactors, chemical systems, and emission processes. This research model focuses on the analysis of mixed convection flow of a viscous fluid with heat and mass transfer on an inclined surface with porous medium characteristics. The study also considers external heat transfer effects, radiation, Soret influence, and chemical reactions. A perturbation solution is derived in closed form, and the impact of various parameters on the thermal behavior is investigated. A comparative analysis of the heating and cooling regimes in plate flow is conducted, revealing a reduction in velocity in the heated plate regime with changes in the permeability parameter and an increase in concentration phase due to the Soret number.
{"title":"Inclined surface mixed convection flow of viscous fluid with porous medium and Soret effects","authors":"Obulesu Mopuri, Charankumar Ganteda, Sarah A. Alsalhi, Sami Ullah Khan, Aruna Ganjikunta, Vediyappan Govindan, Faris Alqurashi, Mohamed Kchaou","doi":"10.1515/phys-2023-0209","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/phys-2023-0209","url":null,"abstract":"The combined heat and mass transfer phenomenon is a significant aspect of engineering and industrial processes. This phenomenon finds applications in various areas such as air conditioning, cooling and heating control of electronic devices, reactors, chemical systems, and emission processes. This research model focuses on the analysis of mixed convection flow of a viscous fluid with heat and mass transfer on an inclined surface with porous medium characteristics. The study also considers external heat transfer effects, radiation, Soret influence, and chemical reactions. A perturbation solution is derived in closed form, and the impact of various parameters on the thermal behavior is investigated. A comparative analysis of the heating and cooling regimes in plate flow is conducted, revealing a reduction in velocity in the heated plate regime with changes in the permeability parameter and an increase in concentration phase due to the Soret number.","PeriodicalId":48710,"journal":{"name":"Open Physics","volume":"39 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2024-04-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140561115","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Shuguang Li, Muhammad Ijaz Khan, Shahid Ali, Sami Ullah Khan, Saja Abdulrahman Althobaiti, Ilyas Khan, Faris Alqurashi, Mohamed Kchaou
The thermo-diffusion applications of nanofluid subject to variable thermal sources have been presented. The significance of Darcy–Forchheimer effects is attributed. The flow comprises the mixed convection and viscous dissipation effects. Furthermore, the variable influence of viscosity, thermal conductivity, and mass diffusivity is treated to analyze the flow. The analysis of problem is referred to convective mass and thermal constraints. The analytical simulations are proceeded with homotopy analysis method. The convergence region is highlighted. Novel physical contribution of parameters is visualized and treated graphically. It is noted that larger Brinkman number leads to improvement in heat transfer. The concentration pattern boosted due to Soret number. The wall shear force enhances with Hartmann number and variable thermal conductivity coefficient.
{"title":"Influence of variable fluid properties on mixed convective Darcy–Forchheimer flow relation over a surface with Soret and Dufour spectacle","authors":"Shuguang Li, Muhammad Ijaz Khan, Shahid Ali, Sami Ullah Khan, Saja Abdulrahman Althobaiti, Ilyas Khan, Faris Alqurashi, Mohamed Kchaou","doi":"10.1515/phys-2024-0010","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/phys-2024-0010","url":null,"abstract":"The thermo-diffusion applications of nanofluid subject to variable thermal sources have been presented. The significance of Darcy–Forchheimer effects is attributed. The flow comprises the mixed convection and viscous dissipation effects. Furthermore, the variable influence of viscosity, thermal conductivity, and mass diffusivity is treated to analyze the flow. The analysis of problem is referred to convective mass and thermal constraints. The analytical simulations are proceeded with homotopy analysis method. The convergence region is highlighted. Novel physical contribution of parameters is visualized and treated graphically. It is noted that larger Brinkman number leads to improvement in heat transfer. The concentration pattern boosted due to Soret number. The wall shear force enhances with Hartmann number and variable thermal conductivity coefficient.","PeriodicalId":48710,"journal":{"name":"Open Physics","volume":"48 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2024-04-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140561114","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Arezu Jahanshir, Ekwevugbe Omugbe, Joseph Ngene Aniezi, Ifeanyi Jude Njoku, Clement Atachegbe Onate, Edwin Samson Eyube, Samuel Olugbade Ogundeji, Chinonso Mbamara, Raphael Mmaduka Obodo, Michael Chukwudi Onyeaju
The energy bound-state solutions of the spinless Salpeter equation (SSE) have been obtained under a spin-dependent Cornell potential function via the Wentzel–Kramers–Brillouin approximation. The energy levels were applied to predict the mass spectra for the charmonium, bottomonium, and bottom-charmed mesons. The relativistic corrections for the angular momentum quantum number l>0lgt 0, total angular momentum quantum numbers j=l,j=l±1j=l,hspace{.3em}j=lpm 1, and the radial quantum numbers n = 1–4 improve the mass spectra. The results agree fairly with experimental data and theoretic results reported in existing works, where the authors utilized different forms of the inter-quark potentials and methods. The deviation of the obtained masses for the charmonium and bottomonium from the observed data yields a total percentage error of 3.32 and 1.11%, respectively. The results indicate that the accuracy of the masses is correlated with the magnitude of masses for the charm and bottom quarks. The SSE together with the phenomenological spin-dependent Cornell potential provides an adequate account of the mass spectroscopy for the heavy mesons and may be used to predict other spectroscopic parameters.
通过文采尔-克拉默斯-布里渊近似，我们得到了无自旋萨尔佩特方程（SSE）在自旋相关康奈尔势函数下的能界解。这些能级被用于预测粲、底粲和底粲介子的质谱。角动量量子数 l > 0 lgt 0、总角动量量子数 j = l、j = l ± 1 j=l,hspace{.3em}j=lpm 1 和径向量子数 n = 1-4 的相对论修正改善了质谱。这些结果与实验数据和现有著作中报告的理论结果相当吻合，在这些著作中，作者们使用了不同形式的夸克间势能和方法。得到的粲和底子质量与观测数据的偏差分别为 3.32% 和 1.11%。结果表明，质量的准确性与粲夸克和底夸克的质量大小相关。SSE与现象学自旋相关康奈尔势一起充分解释了重介子的质量谱，并可用于预测其他谱参数。
{"title":"Heavy mesons mass spectroscopy under a spin-dependent Cornell potential within the framework of the spinless Salpeter equation","authors":"Arezu Jahanshir, Ekwevugbe Omugbe, Joseph Ngene Aniezi, Ifeanyi Jude Njoku, Clement Atachegbe Onate, Edwin Samson Eyube, Samuel Olugbade Ogundeji, Chinonso Mbamara, Raphael Mmaduka Obodo, Michael Chukwudi Onyeaju","doi":"10.1515/phys-2024-0004","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/phys-2024-0004","url":null,"abstract":"The energy bound-state solutions of the spinless Salpeter equation (SSE) have been obtained under a spin-dependent Cornell potential function <jats:italic>via</jats:italic> the Wentzel–Kramers–Brillouin approximation. The energy levels were applied to predict the mass spectra for the charmonium, bottomonium, and bottom-charmed mesons. The relativistic corrections for the angular momentum quantum number <jats:inline-formula> <jats:alternatives> <jats:inline-graphic xmlns:xlink=\"http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink\" xlink:href=\"graphic/j_phys-2024-0004_eq_001.png\" /> <m:math xmlns:m=\"http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML\"> <m:mi>l</m:mi> <m:mo>></m:mo> <m:mn>0</m:mn> </m:math> <jats:tex-math>lgt 0</jats:tex-math> </jats:alternatives> </jats:inline-formula>, total angular momentum quantum numbers <jats:inline-formula> <jats:alternatives> <jats:inline-graphic xmlns:xlink=\"http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink\" xlink:href=\"graphic/j_phys-2024-0004_eq_002.png\" /> <m:math xmlns:m=\"http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML\"> <m:mi>j</m:mi> <m:mo>=</m:mo> <m:mi>l</m:mi> <m:mo>,</m:mo> <m:mspace width=\".3em\" /> <m:mi>j</m:mi> <m:mo>=</m:mo> <m:mi>l</m:mi> <m:mo>±</m:mo> <m:mn>1</m:mn> </m:math> <jats:tex-math>j=l,hspace{.3em}j=lpm 1</jats:tex-math> </jats:alternatives> </jats:inline-formula>, and the radial quantum numbers <jats:italic>n</jats:italic> = 1–4 improve the mass spectra. The results agree fairly with experimental data and theoretic results reported in existing works, where the authors utilized different forms of the inter-quark potentials and methods. The deviation of the obtained masses for the charmonium and bottomonium from the observed data yields a total percentage error of 3.32 and 1.11%, respectively. The results indicate that the accuracy of the masses is correlated with the magnitude of masses for the charm and bottom quarks. The SSE together with the phenomenological spin-dependent Cornell potential provides an adequate account of the mass spectroscopy for the heavy mesons and may be used to predict other spectroscopic parameters.","PeriodicalId":48710,"journal":{"name":"Open Physics","volume":"167 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2024-04-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140561067","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The traditional prediction of remaining useful life (RUL) for bearings cannot be calculated in parallel and requires manual feature extraction and artificial label construction. Therefore, this article proposes a two-stage framework for predicting the RUL of bearings. In the first stage, an unsupervised approach using a temporal convolutional network (TCN) is employed to construct a health indicator (HI). This helps reduce human interference and the reliance on expert knowledge. In the second stage, a prediction framework based on a convolutional neural network (CNN)–transformer is developed to address the limitations of traditional neural networks, specifically their inability to perform parallel calculations and their low prediction accuracy. The life prediction framework primarily maps the complete life data of bearings onto the HI vector. Based on the HI constructed through TCN, the known HI is input into the CNN–transformer network, which sequentially predicts the remaining unknown HI. Finally, the effectiveness and superiority of the proposed method are verified using two bearing datasets, providing validation of its capabilities.
传统的轴承剩余使用寿命（RUL）预测无法并行计算，需要人工提取特征和构建人工标签。因此，本文提出了一种分两个阶段预测轴承剩余使用寿命的框架。在第一阶段，采用时序卷积网络（TCN）的无监督方法来构建健康指标（HI）。这有助于减少人为干扰和对专家知识的依赖。在第二阶段，开发了一个基于卷积神经网络（CNN）-转换器的预测框架，以解决传统神经网络的局限性，特别是无法进行并行计算和预测准确率低的问题。寿命预测框架主要是将轴承的完整寿命数据映射到 HI 向量上。在通过 TCN 构建的 HI 的基础上，将已知 HI 输入 CNN 变换器网络，CNN 变换器网络会依次预测剩余的未知 HI。最后，利用两个轴承数据集验证了所提方法的有效性和优越性，从而验证了该方法的能力。
{"title":"A two-stage framework for predicting the remaining useful life of bearings","authors":"Xianbiao Zhan, Zixuan Liu, Hao Yan, Zhenghao Wu, Chiming Guo, Xisheng Jia","doi":"10.1515/phys-2023-0187","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/phys-2023-0187","url":null,"abstract":"The traditional prediction of remaining useful life (RUL) for bearings cannot be calculated in parallel and requires manual feature extraction and artificial label construction. Therefore, this article proposes a two-stage framework for predicting the RUL of bearings. In the first stage, an unsupervised approach using a temporal convolutional network (TCN) is employed to construct a health indicator (HI). This helps reduce human interference and the reliance on expert knowledge. In the second stage, a prediction framework based on a convolutional neural network (CNN)–transformer is developed to address the limitations of traditional neural networks, specifically their inability to perform parallel calculations and their low prediction accuracy. The life prediction framework primarily maps the complete life data of bearings onto the HI vector. Based on the HI constructed through TCN, the known HI is input into the CNN–transformer network, which sequentially predicts the remaining unknown HI. Finally, the effectiveness and superiority of the proposed method are verified using two bearing datasets, providing validation of its capabilities.","PeriodicalId":48710,"journal":{"name":"Open Physics","volume":"18 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2024-04-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140561678","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Jing Chen, Aileen Tian, Ding Chen, Meng Guo, Dan He, Yuwen Liu
In order to solve the contradiction between large aperture elements and high-resolution images, in this study, we propose an improved image-resolution method based on generative adversarial network (GAN). First, we analyze the imaging principle of the optical synthetic aperture. Further, we improve a super-resolution GAN; especially, this network uses a multi-scale convolutional cascade to obtain global features of the image, and a multi-scale receptive field block and residual in residual dense block are built to obtain image details. In addition, this study uses the Mish function as the activation function of the discriminator to solve the problems of neuron extreme, gradient explosion, and poor generalization ability of the model. Through simulation, the results show that the proposed method can achieve a peak signal-to-noise ratio (PSNR) of 30 dB compared with traditional image super-resolution reconstruction methods for synthetic aperture image. The method proposed has an improvement of 2 dB in the PSNR and 0.016 in structure similarity index measure compared with the original super-resolution GAN. Therefore, this method can effectively reduce the image distortion and improve the quality of image reconstruction.
{"title":"Super-resolution reconstruction method of the optical synthetic aperture image using generative adversarial network","authors":"Jing Chen, Aileen Tian, Ding Chen, Meng Guo, Dan He, Yuwen Liu","doi":"10.1515/phys-2023-0194","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/phys-2023-0194","url":null,"abstract":"In order to solve the contradiction between large aperture elements and high-resolution images, in this study, we propose an improved image-resolution method based on generative adversarial network (GAN). First, we analyze the imaging principle of the optical synthetic aperture. Further, we improve a super-resolution GAN; especially, this network uses a multi-scale convolutional cascade to obtain global features of the image, and a multi-scale receptive field block and residual in residual dense block are built to obtain image details. In addition, this study uses the Mish function as the activation function of the discriminator to solve the problems of neuron extreme, gradient explosion, and poor generalization ability of the model. Through simulation, the results show that the proposed method can achieve a peak signal-to-noise ratio (PSNR) of 30 dB compared with traditional image super-resolution reconstruction methods for synthetic aperture image. The method proposed has an improvement of 2 dB in the PSNR and 0.016 in structure similarity index measure compared with the original super-resolution GAN. Therefore, this method can effectively reduce the image distortion and improve the quality of image reconstruction.","PeriodicalId":48710,"journal":{"name":"Open Physics","volume":"26 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2024-04-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140561073","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Humaira Yasmin, Laila A. AL-Essa, Showkat Ahmad Lone, Hussam Alrabaiah, Zehba Raizah, Anwar Saeed
Hybrid nanofluid problems are used for augmentation of thermal transportation in various industrial applications. Therefore, the present problem is studied for the heat and mass transportation features of hybrid nanofluid caused by extending surface along with porous media. In this investigation, the authors have emphasized to analyze hybrid nanofluid flow containing diamond and copper nanoparticles on an extending surface. Furthermore, the velocity, temperature, and concentration slip constraints are adopted to examine the flow of fluid. Heat source, chemical reactivity, thermal radiation, Brownian motion and effects are taken into consideration. Nonlinear modeled equations are converted into dimensionless through similarity variables. By adopting the homotopy analysis method, the resulting equations are simulated analytically. The impacts of various emerging factors on the flow profiles (<jats:italic>i.e.</jats:italic>, velocities, temperature, concentration, skin frictions, local Nusselt number, and Sherwood number) are shown using Figures and Tables. The major key findings reveal that the hybrid nanofluid temperature is higher but the concentration is lower for a Brownian diffusivity parameter. Moreover, increment role of heat transport is achieved due to the increment in radiation factor, thermophoresis, Brownian motion factors, and Eckert number. It has also been observed that velocity in <jats:italic>x</jats:italic>-direction converges in the region <jats:inline-formula> <jats:alternatives> <jats:inline-graphic xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xlink:href="graphic/j_phys-2024-0007_eq_001.png" /> <m:math xmlns:m="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"> <m:mo>−</m:mo> <m:mn>0.8</m:mn> <m:mo>≤</m:mo> <m:msub> <m:mrow> <m:mi>ℏ</m:mi> </m:mrow> <m:mrow> <m:mtext>f</m:mtext> </m:mrow> </m:msub> <m:mo>≤</m:mo> <m:mn>0.5</m:mn> </m:math> <jats:tex-math>-0.8le {hslash }_{text{f}}le 0.5</jats:tex-math> </jats:alternatives> </jats:inline-formula>, in <jats:italic>y</jats:italic>-direction velocity is convergent in the zone <jats:inline-formula> <jats:alternatives> <jats:inline-graphic xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xlink:href="graphic/j_phys-2024-0007_eq_002.png" /> <m:math xmlns:m="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"> <m:mo>−</m:mo> <m:mn>0.6</m:mn> <m:mo>≤</m:mo> <m:msub> <m:mrow> <m:mi>ℏ</m:mi> </m:mrow> <m:mrow> <m:mtext>g</m:mtext> </m:mrow> </m:msub> <m:mo>≤</m:mo> <m:mn>0.35</m:mn> </m:math> <jats:tex-math>-0.6le {hslash }_{text{g}}le 0.35</jats:tex-math> </jats:alternatives> </jats:inline-formula>, while temperature converges in the region <jats:inline-formula> <jats:alternatives> <jats:inline-graphic xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xlink:href="graphic/j_phys-2024-0007_eq_003.png" /> <m:math xmlns:m="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"> <m:mo>−</m:mo> <m:mn>0.6</m:mn> <m:mo>≤</m:mo> <m:msub> <m:mrow> <m:mi>ℏ</m:mi> </m:mrow> <m:mrow> <m:mtext>θ</m:mtext> </m:mrow> </m:msub> <m:mo>≤</m:mo> <m:mn>0.4</m:mn> </m:math
{"title":"Magnetohydrodynamic water-based hybrid nanofluid flow comprising diamond and copper nanoparticles on a stretching sheet with slips constraints","authors":"Humaira Yasmin, Laila A. AL-Essa, Showkat Ahmad Lone, Hussam Alrabaiah, Zehba Raizah, Anwar Saeed","doi":"10.1515/phys-2024-0007","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/phys-2024-0007","url":null,"abstract":"Hybrid nanofluid problems are used for augmentation of thermal transportation in various industrial applications. Therefore, the present problem is studied for the heat and mass transportation features of hybrid nanofluid caused by extending surface along with porous media. In this investigation, the authors have emphasized to analyze hybrid nanofluid flow containing diamond and copper nanoparticles on an extending surface. Furthermore, the velocity, temperature, and concentration slip constraints are adopted to examine the flow of fluid. Heat source, chemical reactivity, thermal radiation, Brownian motion and effects are taken into consideration. Nonlinear modeled equations are converted into dimensionless through similarity variables. By adopting the homotopy analysis method, the resulting equations are simulated analytically. The impacts of various emerging factors on the flow profiles (<jats:italic>i.e.</jats:italic>, velocities, temperature, concentration, skin frictions, local Nusselt number, and Sherwood number) are shown using Figures and Tables. The major key findings reveal that the hybrid nanofluid temperature is higher but the concentration is lower for a Brownian diffusivity parameter. Moreover, increment role of heat transport is achieved due to the increment in radiation factor, thermophoresis, Brownian motion factors, and Eckert number. It has also been observed that velocity in <jats:italic>x</jats:italic>-direction converges in the region <jats:inline-formula> <jats:alternatives> <jats:inline-graphic xmlns:xlink=\"http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink\" xlink:href=\"graphic/j_phys-2024-0007_eq_001.png\" /> <m:math xmlns:m=\"http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML\"> <m:mo>−</m:mo> <m:mn>0.8</m:mn> <m:mo>≤</m:mo> <m:msub> <m:mrow> <m:mi>ℏ</m:mi> </m:mrow> <m:mrow> <m:mtext>f</m:mtext> </m:mrow> </m:msub> <m:mo>≤</m:mo> <m:mn>0.5</m:mn> </m:math> <jats:tex-math>-0.8le {hslash }_{text{f}}le 0.5</jats:tex-math> </jats:alternatives> </jats:inline-formula>, in <jats:italic>y</jats:italic>-direction velocity is convergent in the zone <jats:inline-formula> <jats:alternatives> <jats:inline-graphic xmlns:xlink=\"http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink\" xlink:href=\"graphic/j_phys-2024-0007_eq_002.png\" /> <m:math xmlns:m=\"http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML\"> <m:mo>−</m:mo> <m:mn>0.6</m:mn> <m:mo>≤</m:mo> <m:msub> <m:mrow> <m:mi>ℏ</m:mi> </m:mrow> <m:mrow> <m:mtext>g</m:mtext> </m:mrow> </m:msub> <m:mo>≤</m:mo> <m:mn>0.35</m:mn> </m:math> <jats:tex-math>-0.6le {hslash }_{text{g}}le 0.35</jats:tex-math> </jats:alternatives> </jats:inline-formula>, while temperature converges in the region <jats:inline-formula> <jats:alternatives> <jats:inline-graphic xmlns:xlink=\"http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink\" xlink:href=\"graphic/j_phys-2024-0007_eq_003.png\" /> <m:math xmlns:m=\"http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML\"> <m:mo>−</m:mo> <m:mn>0.6</m:mn> <m:mo>≤</m:mo> <m:msub> <m:mrow> <m:mi>ℏ</m:mi> </m:mrow> <m:mrow> <m:mtext>θ</m:mtext> </m:mrow> </m:msub> <m:mo>≤</m:mo> <m:mn>0.4</m:mn> </m:math","PeriodicalId":48710,"journal":{"name":"Open Physics","volume":"145 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2024-04-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140561113","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
京公网安备 11010802042870号
京ICP备2023020795号-1
扫码关注我们
求助内容：
应助结果提醒方式：