Aim
This study aimed to develop a scale to evaluate the reliance level on ChatGPT in learning for nursing students and then test and validate its psychometric properties.
Background
The rapid adoption of ChatGPT has raised concerns regarding reliance on ChatGPT in learning. There is significance in categorizing students by their reliance level on ChatGPT.
Design
A methodological study guided by established scale-development frameworks.
Methods
A three-phase procedure was used to develop this scale and to determine its psychometric properties: (1) generating the item pool, (2) conducting a preliminary evaluation of the items and (3) analyzing its psychometric properties. The study examined the scale’s face, content, construct validity; internal consistency; and temporal stability. A total of 633 students participated in testing the scale’s psychometric properties, with data collection occurring between August and December 2024.
Results
The scale's content validity index was 0.89. According to principal component analysis, the scale included 29 items and four sub-dimensions and the total variance was 70.031 %. In confirmatory factor analysis, the fit indices were acceptable for this construct. Its internal consistency was good or acceptable according to reliability analysis. Test–retest showed that the scale had stability.
Conclusion
Reliance on the ChatGPT Scale for Nursing Students is a valid and reliable instrument that can evaluate the level of reliance on ChatGPT in learning, which is useful for both researchers and educators. Future research should concentrate on longitudinal studies to evaluate how reliance on ChatGPT evolves over time and affects educational outcomes.
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