Pub Date : 2020-01-01DOI: 10.5943/MYCOSPHERE/11/1/18
A. Dissanayake
There is a need to document the methodologies used for molecular phylogenetic analyses since the current fungal identification, classification and phylogeny are necessarily applied with DNA molecular sequence data. Hence this manuscript is mainly aimed to provide a basic reference or guideline for the mycologists venturing into the field of phylogenetic studies and to avoid unnecessary repetitions in related publications. This is not at all to elaborate the theoretical background but is intended as a compact guide of some useful software references and coding for the most commonly used phylogenetic methods applied in mycological research. This reference manuscript is originally conceived for usage with a set of programs necessary for inference of phylogenetic analyses in fungal research (taxonomy and phylogeny). For this purpose, principles, introductory texts and formulas have been omitted. Meanwhile, necessary steps from DNA extraction to DNA sequencing, sequences quality check, data alignment and general steps of phylogenetic tree reconstructions have been included.
{"title":"Applied aspects of methods to infer phylogenetic relationships amongst fungi","authors":"A. Dissanayake","doi":"10.5943/MYCOSPHERE/11/1/18","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5943/MYCOSPHERE/11/1/18","url":null,"abstract":"There is a need to document the methodologies used for molecular phylogenetic analyses since the current fungal identification, classification and phylogeny are necessarily applied with DNA molecular sequence data. Hence this manuscript is mainly aimed to provide a basic reference or guideline for the mycologists venturing into the field of phylogenetic studies and to avoid unnecessary repetitions in related publications. This is not at all to elaborate the theoretical background but is intended as a compact guide of some useful software references and coding for the most commonly used phylogenetic methods applied in mycological research. This reference manuscript is originally conceived for usage with a set of programs necessary for inference of phylogenetic analyses in fungal research (taxonomy and phylogeny). For this purpose, principles, introductory texts and formulas have been omitted. Meanwhile, necessary steps from DNA extraction to DNA sequencing, sequences quality check, data alignment and general steps of phylogenetic tree reconstructions have been included.","PeriodicalId":48718,"journal":{"name":"Mycosphere","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":14.6,"publicationDate":"2020-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"71232888","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-01-01DOI: 10.5943/mycosphere/11/1/6
B. Buyck
{"title":"One step closer to unravelling the origin of Russula: subgenus Glutinosae subg. nov.","authors":"B. Buyck","doi":"10.5943/mycosphere/11/1/6","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5943/mycosphere/11/1/6","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":48718,"journal":{"name":"Mycosphere","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":14.6,"publicationDate":"2020-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"71232988","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-01-01DOI: 10.5943/MYCOSPHERE/11/1/17
S. Konta
Several genera in Xylariaceae are polyphyletic in phylogenetic trees and represent more than one distinct genus. However, it is challenging to resolve these genera that are often phylogenetically distantly related, because many taxa have never been recollected and sequenced. Those that have been named and sequenced often lack documented characters or herbarium material. In this paper, we use descriptive morphology of fresh collections, and molecular data to resolve some taxonomic problems in Xylariaceae. During the of microfungi on palms in Thailand, we collected several novel xylariaceous taxa. Herein, we introduce a new genus Neoxylaria which is distantly related to Xylaria sensu stricto and a new species Stilbohypoxylon elaeidis. Neoxylaria is characterized by relatively small stromata with conspicuously exposed perithecial contours under a narrowly striped outer layer. Neoxylaria accommodates a species morphologically similar to Xylaria juruensis, which was also collected from palm material in Brazil and X. queenslandica collected from Archontophoenix alexandrae in Australia. As no molecular data exists for these old collections, we have linked them with morphology to our fresh collection and use both molecular data and morphology to introduce the new genus. Neoxylaria juruensis (Henn.) Konta & K.D. Hyde, comb. nov. and N. queenslandica (Joanne E. Taylor, K.D. Hyde & E.B.G. Jones) Konta & K.D. Hyde, comb. nov. are therefore established. Multigene phylogenetic analysis shows that our new species (S. elaeidis) clusters with Stilbohypoxylon sensu stricto (Stilbohypoxylon clade II) and Mycosphere 11(1): 2629–2651 (2020) www.mycosphere.org ISSN 2077 7019
{"title":"Polyphyletic genera in Xylariaceae (Xylariales): Neoxylaria gen. nov. and Stilbohypoxylon","authors":"S. Konta","doi":"10.5943/MYCOSPHERE/11/1/17","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5943/MYCOSPHERE/11/1/17","url":null,"abstract":"Several genera in Xylariaceae are polyphyletic in phylogenetic trees and represent more than one distinct genus. However, it is challenging to resolve these genera that are often phylogenetically distantly related, because many taxa have never been recollected and sequenced. Those that have been named and sequenced often lack documented characters or herbarium material. In this paper, we use descriptive morphology of fresh collections, and molecular data to resolve some taxonomic problems in Xylariaceae. During the of microfungi on palms in Thailand, we collected several novel xylariaceous taxa. Herein, we introduce a new genus Neoxylaria which is distantly related to Xylaria sensu stricto and a new species Stilbohypoxylon elaeidis. Neoxylaria is characterized by relatively small stromata with conspicuously exposed perithecial contours under a narrowly striped outer layer. Neoxylaria accommodates a species morphologically similar to Xylaria juruensis, which was also collected from palm material in Brazil and X. queenslandica collected from Archontophoenix alexandrae in Australia. As no molecular data exists for these old collections, we have linked them with morphology to our fresh collection and use both molecular data and morphology to introduce the new genus. Neoxylaria juruensis (Henn.) Konta & K.D. Hyde, comb. nov. and N. queenslandica (Joanne E. Taylor, K.D. Hyde & E.B.G. Jones) Konta & K.D. Hyde, comb. nov. are therefore established. Multigene phylogenetic analysis shows that our new species (S. elaeidis) clusters with Stilbohypoxylon sensu stricto (Stilbohypoxylon clade II) and Mycosphere 11(1): 2629–2651 (2020) www.mycosphere.org ISSN 2077 7019","PeriodicalId":48718,"journal":{"name":"Mycosphere","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":14.6,"publicationDate":"2020-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"71232832","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-01-01DOI: 10.5943/mycosphere/11/1/5
SN Zhang
Recent examination of palm fungi led to the discovery of a group of fissuroma-like taxa, which share the following morphological features: slit-like ascomata, carbonaceous peridium, trabeculate pseudoparaphyses, cylindric-clavate or obclavate asci and fusiform, septate ascospores. Multi-gene phylogenetic analyses based on a combined ITS, LSU, SSU and TEF1-α sequence data support the establishment of Fissuroma palmae sp. nov. and Neoastrosphaeriella phoenicis sp. nov. Fissuroma caryotae and N. aquatica are also recovered as new host records from terrestrial palms. Fissuroma palmae is phylogenetically close to F. caryotae with strong support, but differs from F. caryotae in the appearance of pale brown mature ascospores, and the dimensions of asci and ascospores. Neoastrosphaeriella phoenicis is associated with submerged petioles of Phoenix paludosa in mangroves, providing an insight of a new habitat for Neoastrosphaeriella species. The hyaline to pale brown, fusiform, 1–3-septate, guttulate, verrucose ascospores of N. phoenicis distinguish it from other existing Neoastrosphaeriella species. Additional new taxa and their morphological features, ecological occurrence, as well as phylogenetic circumscription of genera in Aigialaceae are provided and discussed.
{"title":"Additions to Fissuroma and Neoastrosphaeriella (Aigialaceae, Pleosporales) from palms","authors":"SN Zhang","doi":"10.5943/mycosphere/11/1/5","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5943/mycosphere/11/1/5","url":null,"abstract":"Recent examination of palm fungi led to the discovery of a group of fissuroma-like taxa, which share the following morphological features: slit-like ascomata, carbonaceous peridium, trabeculate pseudoparaphyses, cylindric-clavate or obclavate asci and fusiform, septate ascospores. Multi-gene phylogenetic analyses based on a combined ITS, LSU, SSU and TEF1-α sequence data support the establishment of Fissuroma palmae sp. nov. and Neoastrosphaeriella phoenicis sp. nov. Fissuroma caryotae and N. aquatica are also recovered as new host records from terrestrial palms. Fissuroma palmae is phylogenetically close to F. caryotae with strong support, but differs from F. caryotae in the appearance of pale brown mature ascospores, and the dimensions of asci and ascospores. Neoastrosphaeriella phoenicis is associated with submerged petioles of Phoenix paludosa in mangroves, providing an insight of a new habitat for Neoastrosphaeriella species. The hyaline to pale brown, fusiform, 1–3-septate, guttulate, verrucose ascospores of N. phoenicis distinguish it from other existing Neoastrosphaeriella species. Additional new taxa and their morphological features, ecological occurrence, as well as phylogenetic circumscription of genera in Aigialaceae are provided and discussed.","PeriodicalId":48718,"journal":{"name":"Mycosphere","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":14.6,"publicationDate":"2020-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"71232974","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-01-01DOI: 10.5943/mycosphere/11/1/19
K. Chethana
{"title":"Erratum to: Molecular characterization and pathogenicity of fungal taxa associated with cherry leaf spot disease","authors":"K. Chethana","doi":"10.5943/mycosphere/11/1/19","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5943/mycosphere/11/1/19","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":48718,"journal":{"name":"Mycosphere","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":14.6,"publicationDate":"2020-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"71233008","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-01-01DOI: 10.5943/mycosphere/11/1/8
N. Wijayawardene, K. Hyde, L. Al-Ani, L. Tedersoo, D. Haelewaters, K. Rajeshkumar, R. Zhao, A. Aptroot, D. Leontyev, R. Saxena, Y. Tokarev, D. Dai, Peter M. Letcher, S. Stephenson, D. Ertz, H. Lumbsch, M. Kukwa, I. Issi, H. Madrid, A. Phillips, L. Selbmann, W. Pfliegler, E. Horváth, K. Bensch, P. Kirk, K. Kolaříková, H. Raja, R. Radek, V. Papp, V. Dima, J. Ma, E. Malosso, S. Takamatsu, G. Rambold, P. Gannibal, D. Triebel, A. Gautam, S. Avasthi, S. Suetrong, E. Timdal, S. Fryar, G. Delgado, M. Réblová, M. Doilom, S. Dolatabadi, J. Pawłowska, R. Humber, R. Kodsueb, I. Sánchez-Castro, B. Goto, D. K. Silva, F. A. Souza, F. Oehl, G. A. Silva, J. Błaszkowski, K. Jobim, L. Maia, F. R. Barbosa, P. O. Fiuza, P. Divakar, B. D. Shenoy, R. Castañeda-Ruiz, S. Somrithipol, A. A. Lateef, S. Karunarathna, S. Tibpromma, P. Mortimer, D. Wanasinghe, R. Phookamsak, Junfeng Xu, Y. Wang, F. Tian, P. Alvarado, D. W. Li, I. Kušan, N. Matočec, A. Mešić, Z. Tkalčec, S. Maharachchikumbura, Moslem Papizadeh, G. Heredia, F. Wartchow,
This article provides an outline of the classification of the kingdom Fungi (including fossil fungi. i.e. dispersed spores, mycelia, sporophores, mycorrhizas). We treat 19 phyla of fungi. These are Aphelidiomycota, Ascomycota, Basidiobolomycota, Basidiomycota, Blastocladiomycota, Calcarisporiellomycota, Caulochytriomycota, Chytridiomycota, Entomophthoromycota, Entorrhizomycota, Glomeromycota, Kickxellomycota, Monoblepharomycota, Mortierellomycota, Mucoromycota, Neocallimastigomycota, Olpidiomycota, Rozellomycota and Zoopagomycota. The placement of all fungal genera is provided at the class-, order- and family-level. The described number of species per genus is also given. Notes are provided of taxa for which recent changes or disagreements have been presented. Fungus-like taxa that were traditionally treated as fungi are also incorporated in this outline (i.e. Eumycetozoa, Dictyosteliomycetes, Ceratiomyxomycetes and Myxomycetes). Four new taxa are introduced: Amblyosporida ord. nov. Neopereziida ord. nov. and Ovavesiculida ord. nov. in Rozellomycota, and Protosporangiaceae fam. nov. in Dictyosteliomycetes. Two different classifications (in outline section and in discussion) are provided for Glomeromycota and Leotiomycetes based on recent studies. The phylogenetic reconstruction of a four-gene dataset (18S and 28S rRNA, RPB1, RPB2) of 433 taxa is presented, including all currently described orders of fungi.
{"title":"Outline of Fungi and fungus-like taxa","authors":"N. Wijayawardene, K. Hyde, L. Al-Ani, L. Tedersoo, D. Haelewaters, K. Rajeshkumar, R. Zhao, A. Aptroot, D. Leontyev, R. Saxena, Y. Tokarev, D. Dai, Peter M. Letcher, S. Stephenson, D. Ertz, H. Lumbsch, M. Kukwa, I. Issi, H. Madrid, A. Phillips, L. Selbmann, W. Pfliegler, E. Horváth, K. Bensch, P. Kirk, K. Kolaříková, H. Raja, R. Radek, V. Papp, V. Dima, J. Ma, E. Malosso, S. Takamatsu, G. Rambold, P. Gannibal, D. Triebel, A. Gautam, S. Avasthi, S. Suetrong, E. Timdal, S. Fryar, G. Delgado, M. Réblová, M. Doilom, S. Dolatabadi, J. Pawłowska, R. Humber, R. Kodsueb, I. Sánchez-Castro, B. Goto, D. K. Silva, F. A. Souza, F. Oehl, G. A. Silva, J. Błaszkowski, K. Jobim, L. Maia, F. R. Barbosa, P. O. Fiuza, P. Divakar, B. D. Shenoy, R. Castañeda-Ruiz, S. Somrithipol, A. A. Lateef, S. Karunarathna, S. Tibpromma, P. Mortimer, D. Wanasinghe, R. Phookamsak, Junfeng Xu, Y. Wang, F. Tian, P. Alvarado, D. W. Li, I. Kušan, N. Matočec, A. Mešić, Z. Tkalčec, S. Maharachchikumbura, Moslem Papizadeh, G. Heredia, F. Wartchow,","doi":"10.5943/mycosphere/11/1/8","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5943/mycosphere/11/1/8","url":null,"abstract":"This article provides an outline of the classification of the kingdom Fungi (including fossil fungi. i.e. dispersed spores, mycelia, sporophores, mycorrhizas). We treat 19 phyla of fungi. These are Aphelidiomycota, Ascomycota, Basidiobolomycota, Basidiomycota, Blastocladiomycota, Calcarisporiellomycota, Caulochytriomycota, Chytridiomycota, Entomophthoromycota, Entorrhizomycota, Glomeromycota, Kickxellomycota, Monoblepharomycota, Mortierellomycota, Mucoromycota, Neocallimastigomycota, Olpidiomycota, Rozellomycota and Zoopagomycota. The placement of all fungal genera is provided at the class-, order- and family-level. The described number of species per genus is also given. Notes are provided of taxa for which recent changes or disagreements have been presented. Fungus-like taxa that were traditionally treated as fungi are also incorporated in this outline (i.e. Eumycetozoa, Dictyosteliomycetes, Ceratiomyxomycetes and Myxomycetes). Four new taxa are introduced: Amblyosporida ord. nov. Neopereziida ord. nov. and Ovavesiculida ord. nov. in Rozellomycota, and Protosporangiaceae fam. nov. in Dictyosteliomycetes. Two different classifications (in outline section and in discussion) are provided for Glomeromycota and Leotiomycetes based on recent studies. The phylogenetic reconstruction of a four-gene dataset (18S and 28S rRNA, RPB1, RPB2) of 433 taxa is presented, including all currently described orders of fungi.","PeriodicalId":48718,"journal":{"name":"Mycosphere","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":14.6,"publicationDate":"2020-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"71233101","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-01-01DOI: 10.5943/mycosphere/11/1/9
M. Cedeño-Sanchez
Three new species of Hypoxylon (Hypoxylaceae, Xylariales) are described based on a polyphasic approach that included morphological examination, molecular phylogeny and chemotaxonomic studies of specimens collected in Panama. Specifically, we compared the sexual morph (stromata, asci, and ascospores) of the specimens collected with known species of Hypoxylon and inferred a phylogeny of this genus based on a Randomized Axelerated Maximum Likelihood (RAxML) analysis of partial β –tubulin (TUB2) DNA sequences and the internal transcribed spacer regions (ITS). Hypoxylon baruense sp. nov. is phylogenetically related to H. subgilvum but differs in the shape of stromata, and by having larger ascospores and a smooth perispore. Hypoxylon bellicolor sp. nov. is phylogenetically well differentiated, featuring effused– pulvinate stromata with orange granules and ostioles lower than the stromatal surface. Hypoxylon sporistriatatunicum sp. nov. , is phylogenetically related to H. shearii var. minor but differs in the shape of the stromata, in having ostioles higher than the stromatal surface, and in having larger ascospores. The secondary metabolite profiles of these species were studied by HPLC–DAD–MS and these correspond to the results of the morphological and phylogenetic studies. Additionally, we also report Amphirosellinia evansii, H. howeanum, H. cinnabarinum and Stilbohypoxylon quisquiliarum from Panama for the first time and Citrus sinensis as a new host of H. cinnabarinum . With this work, the number of species of Xylariales and Hypoxylon reported from Panama have increased to 103 and 18, respectively. – 7 μm (n=6), with apical apparatus bluing in Melzer’s reagent, 2 – 3.6 μm long x 1 – 1.4 μm broad (n=5). Ascospores: dark brown, unicellular, ellipsoid–inequilateral, 10–15 x 5– 7.6 μm (n=50), with straight conspicuous germ slit less than spore–length; perispore indehiscent in 10% KOH, smooth. Culture characteristics – Colonies on PDA covering a 60 mm Petri dish in 3 weeks, mycelium white above, reverse dark green, with concentric zones. No asexual morph observed in the culture media used i.e. PDA, 2% MEA, V8 agar, oatmeal agar and potato carrot agar. (n=11). Ostioles: than the stromatal
{"title":"Three new species of Hypoxylon and new records of Xylariales from Panama","authors":"M. Cedeño-Sanchez","doi":"10.5943/mycosphere/11/1/9","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5943/mycosphere/11/1/9","url":null,"abstract":"Three new species of Hypoxylon (Hypoxylaceae, Xylariales) are described based on a polyphasic approach that included morphological examination, molecular phylogeny and chemotaxonomic studies of specimens collected in Panama. Specifically, we compared the sexual morph (stromata, asci, and ascospores) of the specimens collected with known species of Hypoxylon and inferred a phylogeny of this genus based on a Randomized Axelerated Maximum Likelihood (RAxML) analysis of partial β –tubulin (TUB2) DNA sequences and the internal transcribed spacer regions (ITS). Hypoxylon baruense sp. nov. is phylogenetically related to H. subgilvum but differs in the shape of stromata, and by having larger ascospores and a smooth perispore. Hypoxylon bellicolor sp. nov. is phylogenetically well differentiated, featuring effused– pulvinate stromata with orange granules and ostioles lower than the stromatal surface. Hypoxylon sporistriatatunicum sp. nov. , is phylogenetically related to H. shearii var. minor but differs in the shape of the stromata, in having ostioles higher than the stromatal surface, and in having larger ascospores. The secondary metabolite profiles of these species were studied by HPLC–DAD–MS and these correspond to the results of the morphological and phylogenetic studies. Additionally, we also report Amphirosellinia evansii, H. howeanum, H. cinnabarinum and Stilbohypoxylon quisquiliarum from Panama for the first time and Citrus sinensis as a new host of H. cinnabarinum . With this work, the number of species of Xylariales and Hypoxylon reported from Panama have increased to 103 and 18, respectively. – 7 μm (n=6), with apical apparatus bluing in Melzer’s reagent, 2 – 3.6 μm long x 1 – 1.4 μm broad (n=5). Ascospores: dark brown, unicellular, ellipsoid–inequilateral, 10–15 x 5– 7.6 μm (n=50), with straight conspicuous germ slit less than spore–length; perispore indehiscent in 10% KOH, smooth. Culture characteristics – Colonies on PDA covering a 60 mm Petri dish in 3 weeks, mycelium white above, reverse dark green, with concentric zones. No asexual morph observed in the culture media used i.e. PDA, 2% MEA, V8 agar, oatmeal agar and potato carrot agar. (n=11). Ostioles: than the stromatal","PeriodicalId":48718,"journal":{"name":"Mycosphere","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":14.6,"publicationDate":"2020-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"71233156","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-01-01DOI: 10.5943/mycosphere/11/1/10
Q. Chen
{"title":"Global diversity and phylogeny of Fuscoporia (Hymenochaetales, Basidiomycota)","authors":"Q. Chen","doi":"10.5943/mycosphere/11/1/10","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5943/mycosphere/11/1/10","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":48718,"journal":{"name":"Mycosphere","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":14.6,"publicationDate":"2020-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"71232777","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-01-01DOI: 10.5943/mycosphere/11/1/3
T. Beck
During systematic surveys of urban, rural and forest areas in Slovakia and Moravia (Czech Republic) and occasional botanical excursions in Northern Hungary, seventy-five collections of Ganoderma spp. were gathered during 2015 – 2018. Taxa identification was accomplished through observation of morphological characteristics of their mature, sporulating and undeformed basidiocarps. The genetic diversity of the collections was investigated by using internal transcribed spacer (ITS1/4) of ribosomal DNA sequences comparisons. Both analyses showed that the 75 collections clustered into six clades, namely, G. applanatum, G. adspersum, G. resinaceum, G. pfeifferi, G. lucidum and G. carnosum in accordance with the morphospecies concept. The sequence comparison demonstrated genetic homogeneity of all G. resinaceum clade. Multiple sequence alignment indicated the presence of two G. resinaceum sequence types with significant statistic support and, probably, the existence of two cryptic taxa. The twenty-eight collections clustered with the G. applanatum group and the twenty other collections were grouped with morphologically very similar G. adspersum group. However, ITS sequences show no close similarity between these two species.
{"title":"Genetic (non)-homogeneity of the bracket fungi of the genus Ganoderma (Basidiomycota) in Central Europe","authors":"T. Beck","doi":"10.5943/mycosphere/11/1/3","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5943/mycosphere/11/1/3","url":null,"abstract":"During systematic surveys of urban, rural and forest areas in Slovakia and Moravia (Czech Republic) and occasional botanical excursions in Northern Hungary, seventy-five collections of Ganoderma spp. were gathered during 2015 – 2018. Taxa identification was accomplished through observation of morphological characteristics of their mature, sporulating and undeformed basidiocarps. The genetic diversity of the collections was investigated by using internal transcribed spacer (ITS1/4) of ribosomal DNA sequences comparisons. Both analyses showed that the 75 collections clustered into six clades, namely, G. applanatum, G. adspersum, G. resinaceum, G. pfeifferi, G. lucidum and G. carnosum in accordance with the morphospecies concept. The sequence comparison demonstrated genetic homogeneity of all G. resinaceum clade. Multiple sequence alignment indicated the presence of two G. resinaceum sequence types with significant statistic support and, probably, the existence of two cryptic taxa. The twenty-eight collections clustered with the G. applanatum group and the twenty other collections were grouped with morphologically very similar G. adspersum group. However, ITS sequences show no close similarity between these two species.","PeriodicalId":48718,"journal":{"name":"Mycosphere","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":14.6,"publicationDate":"2020-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"71232860","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-01-01DOI: 10.5943/MYCOSPHERE/11/1/20
I. Senanayake, Mark S. Calabon
Traditionally, fungal taxonomy was based on observable phenotypic characters. Recent advances have driven taxonomic conclusions towards DNA-based approaches and these techniques have corresponding pros and cons. Species concepts must therefore rely on incorporated approaches of genotypic, phenotypic and physiological characters and chemotaxonomy. Examination and interpretation of morphological characters however vary from person to person. Standardized procedures are used in the taxonomic study of fungi and general practices of phenotypic approaches are herein outlined. It is not possible to detail all techniques for all fungi and thus, this paper emphasizes on microfungi. Specimen collection is the initial step in any Mycosphere 11(1): 2678–2754 (2020) www.mycosphere.org ISSN 2077 7019
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