Mycokeys最新文献

Microdochium has been reported worldwide as a plant pathogen, endophyte, or saprotroph. This study utilized four genetic loci (ITS, LSU, rpb2, and tub2) along with morphological characteristics, employing maximum likelihood and Bayesian inference analyses to identify and establish the taxonomic status of four new species from two host plants (Bambusaceae sp. and Phragmites australis) in Hainan Province, China. We propose four new species, Microdochium australiana sp. nov., M. baishamenense sp. nov., M. bambusina sp. nov., and M. bambusarum sp. nov. We provide detailed descriptions and micrographs of these species and compare them with other Microdochium species.

High-altitude lakes in Tibet represent unique and underexplored reservoirs of microbial diversity. An investigation of yeast diversity in Basom Lake, a high-altitude lake in Tibet, China, led to the discovery of two novel species: Microbotryozyma lacustris sp. nov. and Cyberlindnera basumtsoensis sp. nov. Phylogenetic analyses of the ITS region and D1/D2 LSU rRNA gene sequences, complemented by phenotypic characterization, confirmed their distinct taxonomic status. Microbotryozyma lacustris represents the third species described in its genus and the first documented occurrence of Microbotryozyma in a freshwater habitat. Cyberlindnera basumtsoensis further expands the ecological diversity of the genus Cyberlindnera. This study significantly enriches the taxonomic framework of both genera and underscores the value of high-altitude lakes as reservoirs of novel yeast diversity.

The Pleurotus djamor complex is widely distributed in tropical and subtropical regions and is known for its more or less reddish pileus. Phylogenetic analyses of the P. djamor complex were carried out using multiple loci, including the internal transcribed spacer regions (ITS), the translation elongation factor 1-alpha gene (tef1α), and the second largest subunit of RNA polymerase II (rpb2). In this study, a new species of Pleurotus, P. sinensis, is described based on morphological characters and molecular evidence. Pleurotus sinensis is characterized by a pileus that is white to pinkish buff or flesh-pink, flabelliform to petaloid, with inflexed and sometimes wavy margins. An illustrated description of the novel species is provided.

Fungi play pivotal roles in ecosystem functioning and the provision of ecosystem services. Despite their ecological importance, fungal research remains limited, particularly in tropical regions. Many tropical countries, including Honduras, still lack a comprehensive fungal checklist. To address this gap, we compiled the first fungal checklist for Honduras by collating data from Index Fungorum, MyCoPortal, the Kew Data Portal, and published literature. The resulting dataset contains 1365 species across 4011 records, of which 96.6% are true fungi and 3.4% are fungus-like organisms. Among the true fungi, 69.8% belong to Basidiomycota and 29.4% to Ascomycota. A large percentage of the records refer to plant pathogens (42.4%), reflecting a relatively high number of phytopathological studies and a focus on fungal associations with plant species. Species accumulation curves indicate that all administrative divisions (departments) of Honduras remain understudied, as none have reached saturation. This checklist is a fundamental resource tool for fungal identification and conservation planning and contributes to a broader understanding of fungal biodiversity in the region.

During a survey of helicosporous hyphomycetes in tropical regions, four fungal strains were isolated from decaying wood in terrestrial habitats of Hainan Province, China. Based on combined phylogenetic analyses of LSU, ITS, tef1-α, and rpb2 sequence data, together with morphological evidence, two novel species, Neohelicomyces terrestris and N. tropicus, are herein proposed. Comprehensive descriptions, illustrations, taxonomic notes, and phylogenetic analyses are provided to confirm the taxonomic placement. The newly described species were found in tropical rainforests, thereby expanding the known distribution of Neohelicomyces in tropical terrestrial habitats.

Helicosporous hyphomycetes are a group of fungi, characterised by coiled or spiral conidia and are known for their potential to produce bioactive secondary metabolites. During a survey of helicosporous hyphomycetes, four isolates were obtained from decaying wood in Hainan Province, southern China. Based on phylogenetic analyses of a combined dataset (ITS, LSU, tef1-α and rpb2) and morphological characteristics, two novel species, Helicotubeufia qixianlingensis and Tubeufia diaoluoshanensis, are introduced. Comprehensive descriptions, illustrations and phylogenetic analyses supporting the taxonomic placement of these new taxa are provided. Notably, H. qixianlingensis represents the first record of Helicotubeufia from a terrestrial habitat, thereby expanding the known diversity of tropical terrestrial fungi.

Two new species of Entoloma subg. Cyanula, E. qingluan and E. zilin, are described from subtropical regions of China based on morphological and phylogenetic evidence. E. qingluan is characterized by blue basidiomata, paler greyish-blue lamellae with a poliopus-type lamella edge, and pileipellis cells containing dark brown vacuolar pigments. E. zilin features a greyish-magenta scaly pileus with a bluish lamella edge adjacent to the stipe, a blue stipe, fertile lamella edges, and predominantly 2-spored basidia. Both species are assigned to subg. Cyanula sect. Asprella based on their striate or squamulose pileus, blue stipe, and fertile or poliopus-type lamella edge. Detailed descriptions, color photos, and scanning electron micrographs of spores are presented.

Two new species of lichens, Cora neoparabovei Oset, Flakus & Guzow-Krzem. and C. neopseudobovei Oset, Flakus & Guzow-Krzem., are described based on material collected in Bolivia. The study is based on morphological and anatomical examinations, molecular phylogenetic analysis and haplotype network analysis of the nuITS rDNA sequences. Phenotypically, Cora neoparabovei is characterised by the long, concentrically arranged setae on the surface of the thallus and densely pilose margins, whereas in C. neopseudobovei the diagnostic features are the brown upper surface thallus when fresh, pale yellow to orange-yellow when dry, with slightly visible concentric colour zonation when dry and also with involute, creamy white margins. In addition, three species, i.e., Cora arcabucana B. Moncada, C. Rodr. & Lücking, C. cuzcoensis Holgado, Rivas Plata & Perlmutter, and C. undulata L.Y. Vargas, B. Moncada & Lücking, are reported as new to Bolivia. New records of C. aspera Wilk, Lücking & E. Morales from Bolivia are reported.

Based on morphological, chemical and phylogenetic analyses, three species of Ochrolechia collected from Guizhou, China, are described as new to science and named Ochrolechia guizhouensis, O. kuankuoshuiensis and O. leigongshanensis. Phylogenetic trees, based on ITS and mtSSU loci, were constructed using Maximum Likelihood analysis (ML) and Bayesian Inference (BI) methods. Ochrolechia guizhouensis and O. akagiensis are positioned close to each other in the phylogenetic tree. Ochrolechia guizhouensis is morphologically characterised by its apothecia which feature rugose to rosulate, epruinose discs resembling a floral structure. Chemically, the apothecia contain gyrophoric acid, lecanoric acid and lichesterinic acid, while the thallus contains only gyrophoric acid and lecanoric acid. Phylogenetic analysis reveals that Ochrolechia kuankuoshuiensis is closely related to O. parellula and is distinguished by its light yellow, epruinose, deeply rugose apothecial discs, the production of gyrophoric acid and lecanoric acid and the largest ascospores known in the genus. Ochrolechia leigongshanensis forms an isolated phylogenetic branch which is characterised by a soraliate thallus and apothecia with a ring of smooth, salmon-pink tissue on the inner margin. The discs are epruinose to lightly pruinose and plane. The thallus contains gyrophoric acid, lecanoric acid and a trace of atranorin, while the apothecia contain only gyrophoric acid and lecanoric acid. Additionally, O. subrosella and O. longispora were successfully sequenced for the first time and represent the first records from Guizhou Province. We found one specimen, which phylogenetically groups with O. trochophora, but is characterised by the presence of soralia, indicating that O. trochophora might be morphologically more variable than previously thought. Colour photographs are provided for all the above-mentioned species.

During a survey of microfungi associated with Pueraria in the Xizang Autonomous Region, China, three saprobic taxa were isolated from the dead vines of Pueraria sp. Based on morphological characteristics and multi-gene phylogenetic analyses, the three taxa are identified as new species, viz., Hermatomyces nyingchiensis, H. xizangensis, and Rhytidhysteron xizangense. Morphological descriptions and illustrations of these new collections, along with a synopsis of Hermatomyces species, are provided.