High-dimensional optical neural network is achieved by introducing an on-chip soliton microcomb source and wavelength division multiplexing technique.
The programmable electro-optic nonlinear layer and optical meshes promote the implementation of a multi-layer optical neural network.
Ultra-low coupling loss is realized between functional chips and fiber array, which is around 1 dB per facet.
Lithium–sulfur (Li–S) batteries are promising candidates for next-generation energy storage systems owing to their high energy density and low cost. However, critical challenges including severe shuttling of lithium polysulfides (LiPSs) and sluggish redox kinetics limit the practical application of Li–S batteries. Carbon nitrides (CxNy), represented by graphitic carbon nitride (g-C3N4), provide new opportunities for overcoming these challenges. With a graphene-like structure and high pyridinic-N content, g-C3N4 can effectively immobilize LiPSs and enhance the redox kinetics of S species. In addition, its structure and properties including electronic conductivity and catalytic activity can be regulated by simple methods that facilitate its application in Li–S batteries. Here, the recent progress of applying CxNy-based materials including the optimized g-C3N4, g-C3N4-based composites, and other novel CxNy materials is systematically reviewed in Li–S batteries, with a focus on the structure–activity relationship. The limitations of existing CxNy-based materials are identified, and the perspectives on the rational design of advanced CxNy-based materials are provided for high-performance Li–S batteries.
Atomically dispersed Zn-anchored 3D sponge-like polymeric carbon nitride (Zn-PCN) characteristic of a unique Zn-N6 electron-deficient configuration is synthesized via an intermediate coordination strategy.
The electron-deficient Zn-N6 configuration contributes to enhanced electron excitation, accelerated charge separation and transfer as well as reduced overpotentials of water redox reactions.
The obtained Zn-PCN realizes photocatalytic overall water splitting to stoichiometrically produce H2 and O2 with good durability under visible light.
Novel-designed microbiotic nanomedicine capable of targeting hypoxic tumor sites.
First paradigm of bacterial metabolism-initiated and photothermal therapy-enhanced nanocatalytic therapy for ablating tumors and inducing immunogenic cell death.
Strong antitumor immunity activation for abscopal tumors therapy.
Alternating positively and negatively charged surface controlled by pH expedites and homogenizes Zn2+ flux, endowing the Zn- silk fibroin (SF) anode with low polarization voltage and stable stripping/plating.
Experimental analyses with theoretical calculations suggest that SF coating facilitates the desolvation of [Zn(H2O)6]2+ and provides nucleation sites for uniform deposition.
Symmetric battery of Zn–SF anodes delivers high-rate performance (up to 20 mA cm−2) and excellent stability (1500 h at 1 mA cm−2; 500 h at 10 mA cm−2) with cumulative capacity of 2.5 Ah cm−2.
Aqueous two-phase system features with ultralow interfacial tension and thick interfacial region, affording unique confined space for membrane assembly. Here, for the first time, an aqueous two-phase interfacial assembly method is proposed to fabricate covalent organic framework (COF) membranes. The aqueous solution containing polyethylene glycol and dextran undergoes segregated phase separation into two water-rich phases. By respectively distributing aldehyde and amine monomers into two aqueous phases, a series of COF membranes are fabricated at water–water interface. The resultant membranes exhibit high NaCl rejection of 93.0–93.6% and water permeance reaching 1.7–3.7 L m−2 h−1 bar−1, superior to most water desalination membranes. Interestingly, the interfacial tension is found to have pronounced effect on membrane structures. The appropriate interfacial tension range (0.1–1.0 mN m−1) leads to the tight and intact COF membranes. Furthermore, the method is extended to the fabrication of other COF and metal–organic polymer membranes. This work is the first exploitation of fabricating membranes in all-aqueous system, confering a green and generic method for advanced membrane manufacturing.
Metal-organic frameworks (UiO-66) functionalized glass fiber separator was constructed to accelerate the transport of charge carriers and provide a uniform electric field distribution on the surface of zinc anode.
Zinc anode demonstrates preferential orientation of (002) plane under the control of UiO-66-GF, which effectively inhibits dendrites.
Density functional theory calculation confirms that the adsorption effect of (002) plane on H is weaker, thus improving corrosion resistance and suppressing the hydrogen evolution reaction.
Symmetric cells exhibit highly reversible plating/stripping behavior with long cycle life over 1650 h and full cells demonstrate excellent long-term stability (85%) for 1000 cycles.
Synthesis of high-entropy perovskite oxide for air electrode in reversible proton ceramic electrochemical cells.
Triple-conducting high-entropy air electrodes exhibit excellent structural stability and oxygen catalytic activity.
The peak power density and current density of the cell with high-entropy air electrode in the fuel cell and electrolysis modes are 1.21 W cm−2 and − 1.95 A cm−2 at 600 °C, respectively.
In recent years, Pb-free CsSnI3 perovskite materials with excellent photoelectric properties as well as low toxicity are attracting much attention in photoelectric devices. However, deep level defects in CsSnI3, such as high density of tin vacancies, structural deformation of SnI6− octahedra and oxidation of Sn2+ states, are the major challenge to achieve high-performance CsSnI3-based photoelectric devices with good stability. In this work, defect passivation method is adopted to solve the above issues, and the ultra-stable and high-performance CsSnI3 nanowires (NWs) photodetectors (PDs) are fabricated via incorporating 1-butyl-2,3-dimethylimidazolium chloride salt (BMIMCl) into perovskites. Through materials analysis and theoretical calculations, BMIM+ ions can effectively passivate the Sn-related defects and reduce the dark current of CsSnI3 NW PDs. To further reduce the dark current of the devices, the polymethyl methacrylate is introduced, and finally, the dual passivated CsSnI3 NWPDs show ultra-high performance with an ultra-low dark current of 2 × 10–11 A, a responsivity of up to 0.237 A W−1, a high detectivity of 1.18 × 1012 Jones and a linear dynamic range of 180 dB. Furthermore, the unpackaged devices exhibit ultra-high stability in device performance after 60 days of storage in air (25 °C, 50% humidity), with the device performance remaining above 90%.
O-functionalization at the edges of boron carbonitride induces charge polarization effect on B.
0.1 M HCl serves to preserve the catalyst active site from poisoning effect by electrolyte anions.
Experimental and theoretical findings go hand-in-hand towards high yield of ammonia.
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