Pub Date : 2026-01-16DOI: 10.1016/s2214-109x(26)00011-2
Adidja Amani, Paul Bloem, Emily Kobayashi, Brian Atuhaire, Charles Shey Wiysonge, Benido Impouma
{"title":"Understanding the WHO global strategy to accelerate cervical cancer elimination – Authors' reply","authors":"Adidja Amani, Paul Bloem, Emily Kobayashi, Brian Atuhaire, Charles Shey Wiysonge, Benido Impouma","doi":"10.1016/s2214-109x(26)00011-2","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/s2214-109x(26)00011-2","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":48783,"journal":{"name":"Lancet Global Health","volume":"23 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":34.3,"publicationDate":"2026-01-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145995285","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2026-01-12DOI: 10.1016/s2214-109x(25)00493-0
Prof John H Kempen MD, Aida Abashawl MD, Ahlam Awad Mohammed MPH, Sarity Dodson DPsych, Wondu Alemayehu MD, Fangming Jin MS, Alemu Gemechu MPH, Aemero Abateneh Mengesha MD, Dereje Adugna Kumsa MPH, Yineng Chen MS, Kathleen McWilliams CCRP, Berhanu Tulu MS, Genemo Abdela MS, Alemayehu Megersa MPH, Tolossa Cheru MPH, Gadisa Mohammad MS, Tony Succar PhD, Vatinee Y Bunya MD, Prof K Davina Frick PhD, Prof Maureen G Maguire PhD, Prof Matthew J Burton PhD, Prof Gui-Shuang Ying PhD, FLAME Trial Research Group
In trachoma, trachomatous trichiasis mediates visual impairment. Trachomatous trichiasis surgery has an unacceptably high relapse incidence. We hypothesised that anti-inflammatory therapy with fluorometholone 0·1% suspension (hereafter fluorometholone) eyedrops perioperatively twice daily for 28 days would safely, efficaciously, and cost-effectively reduce postoperative trachomatous trichiasis relapse (PTT).
{"title":"Evaluation of fluorometholone as adjunctive medical therapy for trachomatous trichiasis surgery (FLAME): a parallel, double-blind, randomised controlled field trial in the Jimma Zone, Ethiopia","authors":"Prof John H Kempen MD, Aida Abashawl MD, Ahlam Awad Mohammed MPH, Sarity Dodson DPsych, Wondu Alemayehu MD, Fangming Jin MS, Alemu Gemechu MPH, Aemero Abateneh Mengesha MD, Dereje Adugna Kumsa MPH, Yineng Chen MS, Kathleen McWilliams CCRP, Berhanu Tulu MS, Genemo Abdela MS, Alemayehu Megersa MPH, Tolossa Cheru MPH, Gadisa Mohammad MS, Tony Succar PhD, Vatinee Y Bunya MD, Prof K Davina Frick PhD, Prof Maureen G Maguire PhD, Prof Matthew J Burton PhD, Prof Gui-Shuang Ying PhD, FLAME Trial Research Group","doi":"10.1016/s2214-109x(25)00493-0","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/s2214-109x(25)00493-0","url":null,"abstract":"In trachoma, trachomatous trichiasis mediates visual impairment. Trachomatous trichiasis surgery has an unacceptably high relapse incidence. We hypothesised that anti-inflammatory therapy with fluorometholone 0·1% suspension (hereafter fluorometholone) eyedrops perioperatively twice daily for 28 days would safely, efficaciously, and cost-effectively reduce postoperative trachomatous trichiasis relapse (PTT).","PeriodicalId":48783,"journal":{"name":"Lancet Global Health","volume":"255 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":34.3,"publicationDate":"2026-01-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145957101","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2026-01-07DOI: 10.1016/s2214-109x(25)00452-8
Olumuyiwa James Peter,Dipo Aldila
{"title":"Bridging maternal health and tuberculosis control: closing the data and policy gap.","authors":"Olumuyiwa James Peter,Dipo Aldila","doi":"10.1016/s2214-109x(25)00452-8","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/s2214-109x(25)00452-8","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":48783,"journal":{"name":"Lancet Global Health","volume":"45 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":34.3,"publicationDate":"2026-01-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145947464","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2026-01-07DOI: 10.1016/S2214-109X(25)00431-0
Nyashadzaishe Mafirakureva, Anna Cartledge, Isobella Bradshaw, Adrie Bekker, Nicole Salazar-Austin, Sue-Ann Meehan, Landon Myer, Jasantha Odayar, Molebogeng X Rangaka, Peter J Dodd
Background: Despite known maternal, perinatal, and infant health risks of tuberculosis during pregnancy, global estimates of incidence remain scarce. Existing estimates are outdated, and do not include the postpartum period, HIV co-infection, age, or specific changes in risk, limiting our understanding of the true scale of disease in this understudied population.
Methods: In this rapid review and modelling analysis, we estimated the global tuberculosis incidence in pregnant and postpartum women using a population-based modelling approach. We searched MEDLINE and EMBASE, with no date or language limits, and included studies reporting tuberculosis incidence in pregnancy or postpartum with suitable comparison groups; we also used Feb 6, 2025, interim data from the ongoing ORCHID cohort. We combined WHO age and sex-stratified tuberculosis incidence data with country-specific population and fertility data to estimate baseline tuberculosis incidence, and applied systematic review-based risk ratios to account for elevated increased risk during pregnancy and postpartum. Uncertainty in all inputs was propagated using standard error propagation formulae and summarised as mean tuberculosis incidence rates and mean incidence rate ratios (IRRs), each reported with 95% quantile-based uncertainty intervals (UIs).
Findings: We identified 37 studies published between 1996 and 2020, of which three were of sufficient quality to provide data for HIV-negative women. One additional study (ORCHID; Odayar et al, unpublished) provided data for women living with HIV. Compared with non-pregnant women without HIV, tuberculosis IRRs were 1·34 (95% CI 1·17-1·54) during pregnancy and 1·91 (1·53-2·39) during postpartum among HIV-negative women. For women living with HIV, IRRs were 5·73 (95% CI 2·64-10·94) during pregnancy and 3·58 (0·85-9·63) postpartum. We estimated 239 500 pregnant women (95% UI 216 300-262 800) and 97 600 postpartum women (90 100-105 200) developed tuberculosis disease globally in 2023, with HIV contributing to 21·3% (19·8-22·8) and 10·6% (9·9-11·3) of cases, respectively. The WHO African region had the highest incidence (110 600 [95% UI 96 700-124 500] in pregnant women and 40 900 [36 300-45 400] in postpartum women), followed by the South-East Asia region (79 900 [64 100-95 700] in pregnant women and 35 900 [30 800-41 100] in postpartum women).
Interpretation: Pregnant and postpartum women face substantial tuberculosis risk, yet remain under-represented in global estimates. Our findings underscore the need for improved surveillance and targeted interventions to reduce tuberculosis incidence in this group.
{"title":"Global estimates of tuberculosis incidence during pregnancy and postpartum: a rapid review and modelling analysis.","authors":"Nyashadzaishe Mafirakureva, Anna Cartledge, Isobella Bradshaw, Adrie Bekker, Nicole Salazar-Austin, Sue-Ann Meehan, Landon Myer, Jasantha Odayar, Molebogeng X Rangaka, Peter J Dodd","doi":"10.1016/S2214-109X(25)00431-0","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/S2214-109X(25)00431-0","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Despite known maternal, perinatal, and infant health risks of tuberculosis during pregnancy, global estimates of incidence remain scarce. Existing estimates are outdated, and do not include the postpartum period, HIV co-infection, age, or specific changes in risk, limiting our understanding of the true scale of disease in this understudied population.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>In this rapid review and modelling analysis, we estimated the global tuberculosis incidence in pregnant and postpartum women using a population-based modelling approach. We searched MEDLINE and EMBASE, with no date or language limits, and included studies reporting tuberculosis incidence in pregnancy or postpartum with suitable comparison groups; we also used Feb 6, 2025, interim data from the ongoing ORCHID cohort. We combined WHO age and sex-stratified tuberculosis incidence data with country-specific population and fertility data to estimate baseline tuberculosis incidence, and applied systematic review-based risk ratios to account for elevated increased risk during pregnancy and postpartum. Uncertainty in all inputs was propagated using standard error propagation formulae and summarised as mean tuberculosis incidence rates and mean incidence rate ratios (IRRs), each reported with 95% quantile-based uncertainty intervals (UIs).</p><p><strong>Findings: </strong>We identified 37 studies published between 1996 and 2020, of which three were of sufficient quality to provide data for HIV-negative women. One additional study (ORCHID; Odayar et al, unpublished) provided data for women living with HIV. Compared with non-pregnant women without HIV, tuberculosis IRRs were 1·34 (95% CI 1·17-1·54) during pregnancy and 1·91 (1·53-2·39) during postpartum among HIV-negative women. For women living with HIV, IRRs were 5·73 (95% CI 2·64-10·94) during pregnancy and 3·58 (0·85-9·63) postpartum. We estimated 239 500 pregnant women (95% UI 216 300-262 800) and 97 600 postpartum women (90 100-105 200) developed tuberculosis disease globally in 2023, with HIV contributing to 21·3% (19·8-22·8) and 10·6% (9·9-11·3) of cases, respectively. The WHO African region had the highest incidence (110 600 [95% UI 96 700-124 500] in pregnant women and 40 900 [36 300-45 400] in postpartum women), followed by the South-East Asia region (79 900 [64 100-95 700] in pregnant women and 35 900 [30 800-41 100] in postpartum women).</p><p><strong>Interpretation: </strong>Pregnant and postpartum women face substantial tuberculosis risk, yet remain under-represented in global estimates. Our findings underscore the need for improved surveillance and targeted interventions to reduce tuberculosis incidence in this group.</p><p><strong>Funding: </strong>UK Medical Research Council.</p>","PeriodicalId":48783,"journal":{"name":"Lancet Global Health","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":19.9,"publicationDate":"2026-01-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145949307","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2026-01-01Epub Date: 2025-04-23DOI: 10.1016/S2214-109X(25)00177-9
{"title":"Correction to Lancet Glob Health 2025; published online April 22. https://doi.org/10.1016/S2214-109X(25)00054-3.","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/S2214-109X(25)00177-9","DOIUrl":"10.1016/S2214-109X(25)00177-9","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":48783,"journal":{"name":"Lancet Global Health","volume":" ","pages":"e20"},"PeriodicalIF":19.9,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144052908","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2026-01-01Epub Date: 2025-04-23DOI: 10.1016/S2214-109X(25)00176-7
{"title":"Correction to Lancet Glob Health 2025; published online April 22. https://doi.org/10.1016/S2214-109X(25)00055-5.","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/S2214-109X(25)00176-7","DOIUrl":"10.1016/S2214-109X(25)00176-7","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":48783,"journal":{"name":"Lancet Global Health","volume":" ","pages":"e20"},"PeriodicalIF":19.9,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144002340","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2026-01-01DOI: 10.1016/s2214-109x(25)00497-8
The Lancet Global Health
{"title":"A new era for sustainable HIV prevention in Africa.","authors":" The Lancet Global Health","doi":"10.1016/s2214-109x(25)00497-8","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/s2214-109x(25)00497-8","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":48783,"journal":{"name":"Lancet Global Health","volume":"22 1","pages":"e1"},"PeriodicalIF":34.3,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145732751","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-12-22DOI: 10.1016/s2214-109x(25)00446-2
Nick Scott PhD, Ioannis Gallos MD, Thomas Walsh MSc, Caitlin R Williams PhD, Prof John Allotey PhD, Prof Anderson Borovac-Pinheiro PhD, Prof Adam Devall PhD, Prof Mario R Festin MD, Prof Shivaprasad S Goudar MD, Prof Christian Haslinger MD, Prof G Justus Hofmeyr DSc, Malcolm J Price PhD, Zahida P Qureshi MMed, Loïc Sentilhes MD, Idnan Yunas MBBChir, Prof Arri Coomarasamy MD, Olufemi T Oladapo MD
A threshold of 500 mL or more of blood loss within 24 h of childbirth has conventionally been used to initiate postpartum haemorrhage (PPH) treatment. We assessed the cost-effectiveness of initiating PPH treatment at lower blood loss thresholds, alone and in combination with any abnormal haemodynamic marker (pulse, systolic and diastolic blood pressure, or shock index), compared with the conventional 500 mL or more threshold.
{"title":"Diagnostic criteria for postpartum haemorrhage treatment: a cost-effectiveness study","authors":"Nick Scott PhD, Ioannis Gallos MD, Thomas Walsh MSc, Caitlin R Williams PhD, Prof John Allotey PhD, Prof Anderson Borovac-Pinheiro PhD, Prof Adam Devall PhD, Prof Mario R Festin MD, Prof Shivaprasad S Goudar MD, Prof Christian Haslinger MD, Prof G Justus Hofmeyr DSc, Malcolm J Price PhD, Zahida P Qureshi MMed, Loïc Sentilhes MD, Idnan Yunas MBBChir, Prof Arri Coomarasamy MD, Olufemi T Oladapo MD","doi":"10.1016/s2214-109x(25)00446-2","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/s2214-109x(25)00446-2","url":null,"abstract":"A threshold of 500 mL or more of blood loss within 24 h of childbirth has conventionally been used to initiate postpartum haemorrhage (PPH) treatment. We assessed the cost-effectiveness of initiating PPH treatment at lower blood loss thresholds, alone and in combination with any abnormal haemodynamic marker (pulse, systolic and diastolic blood pressure, or shock index), compared with the conventional 500 mL or more threshold.","PeriodicalId":48783,"journal":{"name":"Lancet Global Health","volume":"28 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":34.3,"publicationDate":"2025-12-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145813911","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-12-09DOI: 10.1016/s2214-109x(25)00401-2
Luke N Allen, Min Jung Kim, Michael Gichangi, David Macleod, James Carpenter, Malebogo Tlhajoane, Sarah Karanja, Nigel Bolster, Cosmas Bunywera, Hilary Rono, Francesco Merletti, Demissie Tadesse, Kennedy Odero, David Munyendo, Aphiud Njeru, Solomon Murira, Thadeus Omoga, Amos Mutunga, Matthew Burton, Andrew Bastawrous
{"title":"Enhanced patient counselling and SMS reminder messages to improve access to community-based eye care services in Meru, Kenya: an embedded, pragmatic, individual-level, randomised, controlled, adaptive platform trial","authors":"Luke N Allen, Min Jung Kim, Michael Gichangi, David Macleod, James Carpenter, Malebogo Tlhajoane, Sarah Karanja, Nigel Bolster, Cosmas Bunywera, Hilary Rono, Francesco Merletti, Demissie Tadesse, Kennedy Odero, David Munyendo, Aphiud Njeru, Solomon Murira, Thadeus Omoga, Amos Mutunga, Matthew Burton, Andrew Bastawrous","doi":"10.1016/s2214-109x(25)00401-2","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/s2214-109x(25)00401-2","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":48783,"journal":{"name":"Lancet Global Health","volume":"162 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":34.3,"publicationDate":"2025-12-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145732185","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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