Journal of Engineering Research最新文献

{"title":"Hybrid solar PV/hydrogen fuel cell-based cellular base-stations in Kuwait","authors":"Mohammed W. Baidas ,&nbsp;Nour I. AbdAli,&nbsp;Sultan Sh. Alanzi","doi":"10.1016/j.jer.2024.12.015","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jer.2024.12.015","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The rapid development of wireless technologies and the increasing demand for mobile services and applications have resulted in the need for high-speed wide-coverage communications. This development has evolved cellular networks from the first generation (1G) to the fifth generation (5G) today, and the increased demand for higher data rates has necessitated the deployment of more cellular base-stations (BSs). However, the energy requirements of these BSs are conventionally met from non-renewable energy sources, such as the diesel generator (DG) or the electrical grid. This in turn has resulted in the generation of harmful greenhouse gas emissions, such as carbon dioxide (CO₂). Hence, there is an urgent need for more environment-friendly and cost-effective energy sources to power cellular BSs. In response, integrating solar photovoltaic (PV) panels with Hydrogen fuel cells (HFCs) has emerged as a viable solution to power cellular BSs in Kuwait and the globe. In this paper, an off-grid hybrid PV/HFC-based electric system is designed to energize an urban 4G/5G cellular BS in Kuwait to reduce CO₂ emissions, and lower long-term capital and maintenance costs. The HOMER software is used to design, simulate, and optimize various electric system configurations comprising PV panels, HFCs, DGs, and a battery bank (BB) to minimize the net-present-cost (NPC) and the cost-of-energy (COE), while considering two PV panels with different peak output power and also constraining the PV and/or DG capacities. The simulation results revealed that the PV-HFC-DG-BB system configuration can be used to power cellular base-stations cost-effectively. Not only that, but by constraining the PV and/or DG capacity and utilizing a dual-axis tracker, it has been possible to further reduce the NPC, while trading off CO₂ emissions and overall system area.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48803,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Engineering Research","volume":"13 4","pages":"Pages 3360-3377"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2025-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145739167","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Using qualitative data for understanding effective organizational learning practices in project-based organizations","authors":"Rufaidah AlMaian ,&nbsp;Amani Bu-Qammaz","doi":"10.1016/j.jer.2024.11.010","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jer.2024.11.010","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Organizations seeking continuous improvement are encouraged to acknowledge the importance of Organizational Learning (OL) and determine the OL practices that would elevate their OL maturity level. This study depicted effective OL practices using results from structured interviews in a causal loop diagram (CLD). The positive relationships of the OL practices at the organization’s OL multi-level were outlined. The CLD revealed that the interrelated OL practices at the individual, group, and organizational levels have a direct impact on the overall OL success of the organization. The CLD provides the organizations with insights to help understand the importance of a comprehensive perception of the OL practices, and the need to develop a culture that can strategically improve their OL in a successful manner.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48803,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Engineering Research","volume":"13 4","pages":"Pages 3487-3493"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2025-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145739185","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Robust-fuzzy-probabilistic programming for humanitarian aid logistics under uncertainty: A facility location and flow allocation study with deprivation cost analysis","authors":"Asghar Hemmati ,&nbsp;Mahmonir Bayanati ,&nbsp;Farshad Kaveh ,&nbsp;Ali Akhlaghpour ,&nbsp;Mahdi Aliyari","doi":"10.1016/j.jer.2025.01.011","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jer.2025.01.011","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>In this research, the modeling and solving of a humanitarian aid logistics problem under uncertainty have been discussed. Considering the uncertainty in the model parameters, the study used the robust-fuzzy-probabilistic programming concept. This model incorporates the facility location concept and optimal flow allocation. The results indicate that as the uncertainty rate increases, more people are affected by the accident and there is an increased demand for relief items at the accident scene, leading to higher costs related to the supply and transportation of items and for assisting the injured. Additionally, by examining the effect of deprivation cost on the model's outcomes, it is evident that with an increase in deprivation cost, the model aims to increase the amount of goods transferred to fully meet the demand, resulting in decreased deprivation-related costs but increased costs associated with product transfer. Consequently, the overall cost of the relief logistics network increases. Finally, by examining the effects of the objective function weighting coefficient on the problem's objective function values, it is observed that with an increase in this weighting coefficient, the objective function values increase due to higher volumes of relief items being transferred. ey contributions of the paper include the analysis of deprivation costs and the investigation into the impact of uncertainty on logistics costs. The study reveals that heightened uncertainty and increased affected populations significantly elevate relief logistics costs. Specifically, a 90 % increase in uncertainty leads to a 19.46 % rise in total costs, driven by amplified demand and logistical challenges.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48803,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Engineering Research","volume":"13 4","pages":"Pages 3518-3533"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2025-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145739188","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Prediction of solar radiation as a function of particulate matter pollution and meteorological data using machine learning models","authors":"Suad M. Aladwani ,&nbsp;Abdulla Almutairi ,&nbsp;Mohammad A. Alolayan ,&nbsp;Heba Abdullah ,&nbsp;Litty Mary Abraham","doi":"10.1016/j.jer.2024.11.005","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jer.2024.11.005","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>A clear understanding of global solar radiation data-based location is required for designing efficient solar energy systems less affected by environmental and meteorological conditions. Hourly solar radiation was predicted as a function of meteorological data (wind speed, temperature, relative humidity, hourly sunshine) and dust particulates (PM_2.5 and PM₁₀) in Al Ahmadi, Kuwait, using the Nonlinear Autoregressive Exogenous (NARX) model. The models were trained on data from 2020 and tested on data from 2021 to assess accuracy. The prediction results were then compared to actual measurements. Relative important features behind the prediction of solar radiance were studied using eXtreme Gradient Boosting (XGBoost) and Random Forest (RF) models. The results showed the coefficient of determination (R²) and the mean absolute percentage error (MAPE) between the actual and predicted values for training data sets are 95.97 % and 0.0044, respectively using the NARX model. Relative important features suggest that along with temperature, PMs have an importance similar to that of meteorological data in the prediction.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48803,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Engineering Research","volume":"13 4","pages":"Pages 2818-2825"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2025-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145738845","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Study on the design method of distorted model testing for cementing casing string systems based on the similarity of stiffness and mass","authors":"Liyan Wang ,&nbsp;Yiyong Yin ,&nbsp;Linshan Qi ,&nbsp;Congfeng Qu ,&nbsp;Yongjin Yu ,&nbsp;Binhui Liu ,&nbsp;Xiujian Xia","doi":"10.1016/j.jer.2025.02.002","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jer.2025.02.002","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>In the test design of large-scale scaled models (complete similarity models) of the cementing casing string systems (CCSS), the large length-diameter ratio of the casing string causes the wall thickness of model too thin to manufacturing. Therefore, this study proposes a test design method based on similarity in stiffness and mass for the unequal scale scaled models (distorted similarity models) of the CCSS. Firstly, a dynamic model of the CCSS is established and solved by the separation of variables method and modal superposition method. The accuracy of the dynamic model and the efficiency of the solution are verified by tests and finite element analysis respectively. Then, based on the dynamic model and its analytical solution, the equation analysis method is used to derive the similarity criteria for the complete similarity model of the system. Based on theoretical calculations, it is found that the predicted vibration characteristics and dynamic response results of the prototype system through the complete similarity model are highly accurate. To further solve the problem of difficulty in manufacturing complete similarity model tests with large scaling ratios, considering the similarity of the quality and stiffness of the CCSS, the similarity criteria for the distorted similarity model of the CCSS is derived. In order to achieve high accuracy in theoretical calculation and prediction, the length-diameter ratio of the model needs to be greater than 60. The correctness of predicting the prototype dynamic response through the distorted similarity criterion is verified through theoretical models and test, and a detailed process for designing the similarity model experiment of the CCSS is provided. Finally, robustness analysis, sensitivity analysis, and uncertainty analysis are conducted on the dynamic response and similarity criteria of the CCSS under different parameters. The analysis results indicate that the similarity criterion can accurately predict the vibration characteristics and response of the prototype under different parameter distortions. When the uncertainty interval of each parameter in the system is 10 %, the error of the natural frequency and response prediction results of the system is less than 0.6 %, which can be ignored. The impact of manufacturing accuracy in the actual model experiment design process can be ignored. This study provides a new approach for the experimental design of dynamic similarity models of large aspect ratio cementing casing systems.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48803,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Engineering Research","volume":"13 4","pages":"Pages 3929-3954"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2025-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145739037","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Comparative analysis of machine learning models for predicting the compressive strength of ultra-high-performance steel fiber reinforced concrete","authors":"Md Sohel Rana ,&nbsp;Md Minaz Hossain ,&nbsp;Fangyuan Li","doi":"10.1016/j.jer.2025.01.004","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jer.2025.01.004","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Accurate prediction of the compressive strength (<em>f</em>_<em>c</em>) of ultra-high-performance steel fiber-reinforced concrete (UHPSFRC) is crucial for optimizing mix designs and enhancing mechanical properties and structural performance. Traditional methods for determining <em>f</em>_<em>c</em> are often time-consuming, labor-intensive, costly, and limited in generalizability. This study addresses these challenges by utilizing advanced machine learning (ML) techniques, including artificial neural networks (ANN) and gene expression programming (GEP), to predict <em>f</em>_<em>c</em> based on comprehensive mix design parameters, to enhance predictive accuracy and reduce the experimental burden through empirical model formulation with a user-friendly tool. A dataset of 820 experimental mixtures was analyzed, considering 12 key input variables, such as cement content, fly ash, silica fume, water-binder ratio, and steel fiber characteristics. The ANN model demonstrated superior predictive performance, achieving R² values of 0.98 and 0.96 for training and testing, respectively. The error metrics further underscore its accuracy, with RMSE values of 4.59 MPa and 5.50 MPa and MAE values of 3.01 MPa and 3.03 MPa for training and testing, respectively. The GEP model, while slightly less accurate with R² values of 0.91 and 0.89 for training and testing, respectively, contributed a novel empirical equation that simplifies practical applications, reducing computational requirements and enabling quick predictions. A graphical user interface (GUI) was developed to enhance usability further, integrating the empirical equations derived from GEP to facilitate real-time <em>f</em>_<em>c</em> predictions of UHPSFRC. The GUI achieved strong performance metrics, with R² of 0.88, RMSE of 7.82 MPa, and MAE of 6.73 MPa, and offers a user-friendly platform enabling engineers to make efficient predictions. A sensitivity analysis identified the most influential parameters for <em>f</em>_<em>c</em> prediction, emphasizing its potential to reduce costs and improve sustainability in mix design optimization. By bridging advanced machine learning models with practical tools like the GUI, this study offers a robust framework for sustainable and efficient concrete mix design, reducing experimental effort while enhancing operational efficiency.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48803,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Engineering Research","volume":"13 4","pages":"Pages 3051-3069"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2025-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145739313","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Evaluating particulate matter mass and count concentrations in a vehicle cabin: Insights from Kuwait City","authors":"Abdullah N. Al–Dabbous ,&nbsp;Anju Goel ,&nbsp;Abdalrahman Alsulaili ,&nbsp;Shoug Kh. Al-Dabbous ,&nbsp;Musaed Shalash","doi":"10.1016/j.jer.2025.02.008","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jer.2025.02.008","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Inhaling quality air is crucial for good health. Therefore, investigating air quality in various microenvironments, especially indoors where people spend most of their time, is essential. This study examines particulate matter (PM) concentrations in a vehicle cabin over one week in September, representing late summertime conditions. It focuses on measuring PM mass and count across various size ranges (0.3–0.5, 0.5–1.0, 1.0–2.5, 2.5–5.0, 5.0–10.0, 10.0–25.0 μm) under different ventilation settings in a private vehicle on one of Kuwait's busiest highways. Thirty-five runs were conducted across five ventilation settings over seven days. These settings included combinations of AC fan speeds, recirculation status, window positions (open and closed), and smoking activities. No significant trends were observed between weekends and weekdays due to minimal traffic differences. However, distinct PM mass and count concentration variations were noted across ventilation settings. Setting 5 (AC at medium fan speed, vent and windows closed, smoking allowed) had the highest PM mass and count concentrations in smaller sizes (diameter ≤2.5 μm) due to active smoking. Setting 1 (AC off, vent and windows open, no smoking) recorded the second-highest PM mass (diameter ≥2.5 μm) and count (diameter ≤2.5 μm) concentrations due to outdoor pollution. PM mass and count concentrations were lowest under settings 2–4, with negligible differences between them, attributed to the relative restriction of air intake. The highest exposure levels were observed in setting 1, where windows were open, and the lowest in settings with closed windows and AC in recirculation mode. Exposure levels at hotspots were up to 200 % higher. Proximity to construction activities further increased exposure.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48803,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Engineering Research","volume":"13 4","pages":"Pages 3085-3091"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2025-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145739315","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Eyes on higher education: Evaluating web usability in Kuwaiti private universities using eye-tracking and SUPR-Q metrics","authors":"Reem Albaghli ,&nbsp;Ayah Beidas ,&nbsp;Nada Attar","doi":"10.1016/j.jer.2024.12.001","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jer.2024.12.001","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Website design and usability are critical factors that impact the effectiveness of a website, influencing both user attraction and retention. Understanding user preferences is essential for designers and researchers when optimizing user interfaces (UI) and user experiences (UX). This study addressed key research questions about usability by examining which design heuristics have the most impact on students’ interactions with private university websites in Kuwait. By assessing web design and usability across three private universities in Kuwait through specific tasks, we analyzed user experiences using eye-tracking data, task completion times, user inputs, and qualitative feedback from the Standardized User Experience Percentile Rank Questionnaire (SUPR-Q). Results showed a correlation between eye movement data and users’ experiences, revealing each website’s strengths and areas for improvement. One university’s website struggled to guide users effectively, impacting efficiency, particularly in finding tuition fee information, underscoring the need for clearer navigation. Another university achieved a balance between visual appeal and functionality, resulting in faster task completion and higher success rates. The third university’s website demonstrated a strong link between cognitive load, measured by eye-tracking, and user interaction. These findings suggest that well-designed websites adhering to established usability principles tend to provide higher-quality user experiences.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48803,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Engineering Research","volume":"13 4","pages":"Pages 3156-3165"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2025-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145739320","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Ductility and piezo-resistivity behavior of fiber-reinforced cement composites with carbon black","authors":"Ghulam Qasim ,&nbsp;Ammar T. Al-Sayegh ,&nbsp;Faisal Shabbir ,&nbsp;Zahid Shabir ,&nbsp;Rana Faisal Tufail ,&nbsp;Fatma J. Alkandari ,&nbsp;Afaq Ahmad","doi":"10.1016/j.jer.2024.12.006","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jer.2024.12.006","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Nowadays, the need for health monitoring of structure is arising using the cement composites-based sensor. Advanced sensing materials are used for continuously monitoring the condition of infrastructure throughout the service life. So, for this purpose cement composites-based sensors are used. These composites have low ductility. Most of the damage in the structure are due to tensile stresses. Analyzing the behavior of composites for ductility as well as sensing ability are the main concern. The composite is developed by 1:3 (cement: sand), W/C ratio is 0.55, and 7.5 %wt carbon black (CB) and 1 %wt fiber replacement of cement. The two fibers are used i.e., polypropylene (PP) and carbon fiber (CF) with different combinations. The fiber combinations (0 %CF+1 %PP), (0.25 %CF+ 0.75 %PP), (0.5 %CF+0.5 %PP), (0.75 %CF+0.25 %PP), (1 %CF+0 %PP) are used, but overall percentage of fiber will remain same. The curing period for the sample is 28 days. The compression and conductivity of composites will increase by the addition of CB and CF, but the ductility of composites will not increase until the addition of fibers. Addition of PP fibers tend to decrease the conductivity, but CF fiber in replacement to PP helps to increase the conductivity. Ultimate tensile strength of composites is maximum for a sample with (0.75 %CF + 0.25 %PP). The conductivity increases as the %age of CF increases and maximum at (1 %CF + 0 %PP). The reversible behavior of piezo resistivity is shown to be good with (0.5 %CF+0.5 %PP) and (0.75 %CF+0.25 %PP). Based on the study, it is recommended that to use the CB as filler material for enhancing the conductivity and fibers (PP &amp; CF) for enhancing the ductility.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48803,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Engineering Research","volume":"13 4","pages":"Pages 2984-2996"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2025-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145739378","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Exploring design risks through failure modes and effects analysis for a self-tracking fetoscope","authors":"Wipharat Phokee ,&nbsp;Sunisa Chaiklieng ,&nbsp;Surapong Chatpun","doi":"10.1016/j.jer.2025.04.006","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jer.2025.04.006","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Risk assessment is a critical component in the design of advanced medical devices, enhancing patient safety and minimizing adverse outcomes. This study conducted the risk assessment of a prototype of a self-tracking fetoscope via a two-stage Failure Modes and Effects Analysis (FMEA) method, focusing on patient safety, occupational safety, and device integrity. Five engineering experts were involved with flexible individual participation to avoid the limitations of group discussions. Insights from the experts were synthesized and 40 potential failure modes were identified. The FMEA revealed that interference with the electromagnetic tracking system due to environmental influences posed the most critical risk, as determined by risk priority numbers (RPNs) and severity scores. For maternal and fetal risks, the highest RPN concerned the risk of tube breaks (RPN=21.2 for mothers and 27.5 for fetuses), which could lead to surgical delays and contamination. There was a variation in the RPN scores provided by different experts. Our findings highlight the need for streamlined guidelines to optimize an early-phase design risk analysis. This work underlines the importance of effective risk management in ensuring the reliability and safety of self-tracking fetoscope designs.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48803,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Engineering Research","volume":"13 4","pages":"Pages 3910-3918"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2025-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145739034","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}