Pub Date : 2023-05-29DOI: 10.24425/aep.2023.145896
they have not consistently outperformed the other approaches, frequently because there is not enough information available to mathematically define the processes. To develop statistical correlations between the identified pollution, environmental variables, and land use for vulnerability assessment, statistical modeling methodologies, on the other hand, call for the use of surrogate observations. Therefore, the results of this method can only be used in areas where data is collected and that have similar characteristics that are correlated with the risk of groundwater pollution (Sarkar & Pal, 2021; Chakraborty et al. 2022). The
{"title":"Assessment of groundwater vulnerability to pollution in an Arid environment","authors":"","doi":"10.24425/aep.2023.145896","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24425/aep.2023.145896","url":null,"abstract":"they have not consistently outperformed the other approaches, frequently because there is not enough information available to mathematically define the processes. To develop statistical correlations between the identified pollution, environmental variables, and land use for vulnerability assessment, statistical modeling methodologies, on the other hand, call for the use of surrogate observations. Therefore, the results of this method can only be used in areas where data is collected and that have similar characteristics that are correlated with the risk of groundwater pollution (Sarkar & Pal, 2021; Chakraborty et al. 2022). The","PeriodicalId":48950,"journal":{"name":"Archives of Environmental Protection","volume":"22 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2023-05-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"82697749","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-05-29DOI: 10.24425/aep.2023.145899
{"title":"Possibilities of using ash from thermal treatment of municipal solid waste in hardening slurries","authors":"","doi":"10.24425/aep.2023.145899","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24425/aep.2023.145899","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":48950,"journal":{"name":"Archives of Environmental Protection","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2023-05-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90073586","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-05-29DOI: 10.24425/aep.2023.145898
{"title":"The influence of chlorine substitution on the adsorption of chlorophenols on HDTMA-modified halloysite in aqueous solutions","authors":"","doi":"10.24425/aep.2023.145898","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24425/aep.2023.145898","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":48950,"journal":{"name":"Archives of Environmental Protection","volume":"104 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2023-05-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"87714707","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
is a non--pro fi t association, founded in 2001 by European companies producing recovered fuels. ERFO was established to develop the concept of Solid Recovered Fuel (SRF). SRFs are solid fuels prepared from non-hazardous waste to be utilized for energy recovery in incineration or co-incineration plants and meeting the classi fi cation and speci fi cation requirements laid down in the EN15359 European standard. ERFO’s main aim is to promote the production and use of recovered fuels, and especially SRF, in Europe. To that aim, ERFO supports standardization of SRF and participates in research projects. Abstract: The paper presents the results of testing the mercury content in fuels derived from different types of waste. Legal and technical issues related to preventing mercury from getting into the environment are taken into account with respect to refuse-derived fuels used in cement plants. The mercury content in refuse-derived fuels is usually smaller compared to conventional fossil fuels such as coal. For this reason, the requirement imposed on the fuel suppliers that it must not exceed the limit of 0.3 ppm (in dry matter (DM)) seems over-restrictive and unjusti fi ed. The paper presents the sources of mercury contamination of waste with attention drawn to the signi fi cance of selective waste collection and the need to educate the public in this area. Presented are results of the testing of the mercury content in waste types characterized by a great variation of the parameter depending on the origin of the waste combustible
{"title":"Mercury content in refuse-derived fuels","authors":"W. Hryb, P. Matyasik","doi":"10.24425/122304","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24425/122304","url":null,"abstract":"is a non--pro fi t association, founded in 2001 by European companies producing recovered fuels. ERFO was established to develop the concept of Solid Recovered Fuel (SRF). SRFs are solid fuels prepared from non-hazardous waste to be utilized for energy recovery in incineration or co-incineration plants and meeting the classi fi cation and speci fi cation requirements laid down in the EN15359 European standard. ERFO’s main aim is to promote the production and use of recovered fuels, and especially SRF, in Europe. To that aim, ERFO supports standardization of SRF and participates in research projects. Abstract: The paper presents the results of testing the mercury content in fuels derived from different types of waste. Legal and technical issues related to preventing mercury from getting into the environment are taken into account with respect to refuse-derived fuels used in cement plants. The mercury content in refuse-derived fuels is usually smaller compared to conventional fossil fuels such as coal. For this reason, the requirement imposed on the fuel suppliers that it must not exceed the limit of 0.3 ppm (in dry matter (DM)) seems over-restrictive and unjusti fi ed. The paper presents the sources of mercury contamination of waste with attention drawn to the signi fi cance of selective waste collection and the need to educate the public in this area. Presented are results of the testing of the mercury content in waste types characterized by a great variation of the parameter depending on the origin of the waste combustible","PeriodicalId":48950,"journal":{"name":"Archives of Environmental Protection","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2023-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90876744","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-04-01DOI: 10.24425/aep.2020.134539
Witold Nocoń, Anna Węgrzyn, Mieczysław Metzger
: The purpose of this study was to validate the applicability of specialized microbial consortium for the degradation of lipids in wastewater. An experimental model of the process is proposed that enables prediction of the required batch length. This model can be used for supervision of the process and to control cycles of the batch reactor. The study involved 4 reactors with microbial consortium obtained by inoculation from a commercially available biopreparate. Each reactor was fed a diff erent load of lipid containing substrate. The biodiversity, settling characteristics and COD reductions were measured. The biodiversity of the microbial consortium changed within a range of ±15% depending on lipids concentration, as shown by the Shannon index and increasing amount of β-proteobacteria. Higher concentrations of lipids increased the biodiversity suggesting higher growth of microorganisms capable of utilizing lipids as energy and carbon source by producing lipid hydrolyzing enzymes. High lipid concentrations degrade the settling capabilities of the biomass. Higher lipid concentrations (0.5–2.0 [g
{"title":"A study on aerobic lipid substrate elimination by microbial consortium","authors":"Witold Nocoń, Anna Węgrzyn, Mieczysław Metzger","doi":"10.24425/aep.2020.134539","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24425/aep.2020.134539","url":null,"abstract":": The purpose of this study was to validate the applicability of specialized microbial consortium for the degradation of lipids in wastewater. An experimental model of the process is proposed that enables prediction of the required batch length. This model can be used for supervision of the process and to control cycles of the batch reactor. The study involved 4 reactors with microbial consortium obtained by inoculation from a commercially available biopreparate. Each reactor was fed a diff erent load of lipid containing substrate. The biodiversity, settling characteristics and COD reductions were measured. The biodiversity of the microbial consortium changed within a range of ±15% depending on lipids concentration, as shown by the Shannon index and increasing amount of β-proteobacteria. Higher concentrations of lipids increased the biodiversity suggesting higher growth of microorganisms capable of utilizing lipids as energy and carbon source by producing lipid hydrolyzing enzymes. High lipid concentrations degrade the settling capabilities of the biomass. Higher lipid concentrations (0.5–2.0 [g","PeriodicalId":48950,"journal":{"name":"Archives of Environmental Protection","volume":"108 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2023-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86715895","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-04-01DOI: 10.24425/aep.2019.128635
Artur Jachimowski, T. Nitkiewicz
: The objective of the paper is to use life cycle assessment to compare environmental impact of different technologies used in the process of water disinfection. Two scenarios are developed for water disinfection life cycle at ZUW Raba water treatment plant: (1) historical, in which gaseous chlorine is used as a disinfectant and (2) actual, in which UV radiation and electrolytically generated sodium hypochlorite are used for that purpose. Primary data is supplemented with ecoinvent 3 database records. Environmental impact is assessed by IMPACT2002+ method and its midpoint and endpoint indicators that are calculated with the use of SimaPro 8.4 software. The focus of the assessment is on selected life cycle phases: disinfection process itself and the water distribution process that follows. The assessment uses the data on fl ows and emissions streams as observed in the Raba plant. As the results of primal analysis show, a change of disinfectant results in quantitative changes in THMs and free chlorine in water supplied to the water supply network. The results of analysis con fi rm the higher potential of THMs formation and higher environmental impact of the combined method of UV/NaClO disinfection in distribution phase and in whole life cycle, mainly due to the increase of human toxicity factors. However, during the disinfection phase, gaseous chlorine use is more harmful for environment. But the fi nal conclusion states that water quality indicators are not signi fi cant
{"title":"Comparative analysis of selected water disinfection technologies with the use of life cycle assessment","authors":"Artur Jachimowski, T. Nitkiewicz","doi":"10.24425/aep.2019.128635","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24425/aep.2019.128635","url":null,"abstract":": The objective of the paper is to use life cycle assessment to compare environmental impact of different technologies used in the process of water disinfection. Two scenarios are developed for water disinfection life cycle at ZUW Raba water treatment plant: (1) historical, in which gaseous chlorine is used as a disinfectant and (2) actual, in which UV radiation and electrolytically generated sodium hypochlorite are used for that purpose. Primary data is supplemented with ecoinvent 3 database records. Environmental impact is assessed by IMPACT2002+ method and its midpoint and endpoint indicators that are calculated with the use of SimaPro 8.4 software. The focus of the assessment is on selected life cycle phases: disinfection process itself and the water distribution process that follows. The assessment uses the data on fl ows and emissions streams as observed in the Raba plant. As the results of primal analysis show, a change of disinfectant results in quantitative changes in THMs and free chlorine in water supplied to the water supply network. The results of analysis con fi rm the higher potential of THMs formation and higher environmental impact of the combined method of UV/NaClO disinfection in distribution phase and in whole life cycle, mainly due to the increase of human toxicity factors. However, during the disinfection phase, gaseous chlorine use is more harmful for environment. But the fi nal conclusion states that water quality indicators are not signi fi cant","PeriodicalId":48950,"journal":{"name":"Archives of Environmental Protection","volume":"7 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2023-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"73475788","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-04-01DOI: 10.24425/aep.2020.134532
E. Wiśniowska, M. Włodarczyk-Makuła
: The removal of nitrates from aqueous solutions is cumbersome because of their high solubility in water. The use of zero-valent iron (ZVI) for the reduction of nitrates is the chemical process and it is an alternative method to the biological ones. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the eff ectiveness of nitrates removal from water solution by using the ZVI process. The process was coupled with the removal of COD, phosphates and turbidity by using by-products of nitrates reduction. Batch tests were performed to evaluate the eff ectiveness of ZVI in the removal of nitrates from aqueous solutions. The eff ectiveness of nitrates removal was analyzed after 5, 10, 20, 30 and 60 min. and compared to the initial concentration of pollutants. Simultaneously analysis of ammonium nitrogen and nitrites was controlled to identify products of nitrates reduction under various pH. The removal of COD, phosphates and turbidity was also performed in batch tests. The eff ectiveness of the emoval by using three types of chemicals was compared – PIX, FeSO 4 , and waste Fe 2+ /Fe 3+ from the ZVI process. The results obtained in the study indicate that ZVI can be eff ectively used in the treatment of water polluted with nitrates and the by-products of the process could be further applied in the removal of COD, phosphates and turbidity. Based on the results the
{"title":"Removal of nitrates and organic compounds from aqueous solutions by zero valent (ZVI) iron reduction coupled with coagulation/ precipitation proces","authors":"E. Wiśniowska, M. Włodarczyk-Makuła","doi":"10.24425/aep.2020.134532","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24425/aep.2020.134532","url":null,"abstract":": The removal of nitrates from aqueous solutions is cumbersome because of their high solubility in water. The use of zero-valent iron (ZVI) for the reduction of nitrates is the chemical process and it is an alternative method to the biological ones. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the eff ectiveness of nitrates removal from water solution by using the ZVI process. The process was coupled with the removal of COD, phosphates and turbidity by using by-products of nitrates reduction. Batch tests were performed to evaluate the eff ectiveness of ZVI in the removal of nitrates from aqueous solutions. The eff ectiveness of nitrates removal was analyzed after 5, 10, 20, 30 and 60 min. and compared to the initial concentration of pollutants. Simultaneously analysis of ammonium nitrogen and nitrites was controlled to identify products of nitrates reduction under various pH. The removal of COD, phosphates and turbidity was also performed in batch tests. The eff ectiveness of the emoval by using three types of chemicals was compared – PIX, FeSO 4 , and waste Fe 2+ /Fe 3+ from the ZVI process. The results obtained in the study indicate that ZVI can be eff ectively used in the treatment of water polluted with nitrates and the by-products of the process could be further applied in the removal of COD, phosphates and turbidity. Based on the results the","PeriodicalId":48950,"journal":{"name":"Archives of Environmental Protection","volume":"37 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2023-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"72455934","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-04-01DOI: 10.24425/aep.2019.130245
H. Rutto, Tumisang Seidigeng, Lucky Malise
{"title":"Adsorption of lead ions onto chemicallyactivated carbon from waste tire char and optimizationof the process using response surface methodology","authors":"H. Rutto, Tumisang Seidigeng, Lucky Malise","doi":"10.24425/aep.2019.130245","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24425/aep.2019.130245","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":48950,"journal":{"name":"Archives of Environmental Protection","volume":"123 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2023-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"77867920","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-04-01DOI: 10.24425/aep.2022.140546
Anna Marszałek
by-products (Li et al. 2020). Currently, new sorption materials have been found for water purification that are readily available, economical and environmentally friendly. Clay materials are one of the cheap and natural adsorbents (Zhao et al. 2021). The use of natural clay minerals as adsorbents is widely used due to their high efficiency, relatively low operating costs and the possibility of recycling and regeneration (Derafa Garmia et al. 2018). Encapsulation has many advantages. One of them is the immobilization of the fine adsorbent powder. Adsorption with finely powdered material causes problems in recovering fine clay particles from the water, which additionally increases the turbidity of the water. Therefore, encapsulation of halloysite with sodium alginate polymer can be proposed as a solution to avoid these problems. Adsorbents should have good sorption capacity for heavy metals and appropriate porosity ensuring their removal (Pawar et al. 2020). As part of this study, laboratory-scale experiments were carried out to assess the effectiveness of the use of composite capsules based on halloysite and sodium alginate for the adsorption of copper
副产品(Li et al. 2020)。目前，人们已经发现了易于获得、经济环保的新型水净化吸附材料。粘土材料是廉价的天然吸附剂之一(Zhao et al. 2021)。天然粘土矿物作为吸附剂因其效率高、运行成本相对较低、可回收再生而被广泛使用(Derafa Garmia et al. 2018)。封装有很多优点。其中之一是细吸附粉的固定化。细粉状材料的吸附会导致从水中回收细粘土颗粒的问题，这又增加了水的浊度。因此，可以提出用海藻酸钠聚合物包封高岭土作为避免这些问题的解决方案。吸附剂应具有良好的重金属吸附能力和适当的孔隙度，以确保其去除(Pawar etal . 2020)。作为本研究的一部分，进行了实验室规模的实验，以评估使用基于高岭土和海藻酸钠的复合胶囊吸附铜的有效性
{"title":"Encapsulation of halloysite with sodium alginate and application in the adsorption of copper from rainwater","authors":"Anna Marszałek","doi":"10.24425/aep.2022.140546","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24425/aep.2022.140546","url":null,"abstract":"by-products (Li et al. 2020). Currently, new sorption materials have been found for water purification that are readily available, economical and environmentally friendly. Clay materials are one of the cheap and natural adsorbents (Zhao et al. 2021). The use of natural clay minerals as adsorbents is widely used due to their high efficiency, relatively low operating costs and the possibility of recycling and regeneration (Derafa Garmia et al. 2018). Encapsulation has many advantages. One of them is the immobilization of the fine adsorbent powder. Adsorption with finely powdered material causes problems in recovering fine clay particles from the water, which additionally increases the turbidity of the water. Therefore, encapsulation of halloysite with sodium alginate polymer can be proposed as a solution to avoid these problems. Adsorbents should have good sorption capacity for heavy metals and appropriate porosity ensuring their removal (Pawar et al. 2020). As part of this study, laboratory-scale experiments were carried out to assess the effectiveness of the use of composite capsules based on halloysite and sodium alginate for the adsorption of copper","PeriodicalId":48950,"journal":{"name":"Archives of Environmental Protection","volume":"03 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2023-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85904184","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-04-01DOI: 10.24425/aep.2018.122292
E. Stanisławska-Glubiak, J. Korzeniowska
: The aim of this study was to investigate the dynamics of changes in the metal concentrations in the soils contaminated with Cd, Pb, and Zn during a 5 year period. Additionally the purpose included assessment of the suitability of 1 M HCl to control soil contamination with heavy metals compared to using of aqua regia method. The study was conducted in concrete-framed microplots, fi lled with two soils (sandy and silty), which were arti fi cially co-contaminated with Cd, Pb and Zn. There was a gradual decrease in these concentrations during the 5 year period. The concentrations of the metals extracted with 1 M HCl were very similar to the total concentrations. After 5 years of research, the topsoil had the smallest decrease in Pb concentration, which for the sandy, and silty soils was, respectively, by 7% and 9% in relation to the initial value.
{"title":"Time factor influence on soil heavy metal concentration in relation to soil contamination assessment","authors":"E. Stanisławska-Glubiak, J. Korzeniowska","doi":"10.24425/aep.2018.122292","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24425/aep.2018.122292","url":null,"abstract":": The aim of this study was to investigate the dynamics of changes in the metal concentrations in the soils contaminated with Cd, Pb, and Zn during a 5 year period. Additionally the purpose included assessment of the suitability of 1 M HCl to control soil contamination with heavy metals compared to using of aqua regia method. The study was conducted in concrete-framed microplots, fi lled with two soils (sandy and silty), which were arti fi cially co-contaminated with Cd, Pb and Zn. There was a gradual decrease in these concentrations during the 5 year period. The concentrations of the metals extracted with 1 M HCl were very similar to the total concentrations. After 5 years of research, the topsoil had the smallest decrease in Pb concentration, which for the sandy, and silty soils was, respectively, by 7% and 9% in relation to the initial value.","PeriodicalId":48950,"journal":{"name":"Archives of Environmental Protection","volume":"18 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2023-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"84967528","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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