Pub Date : 2023-10-18DOI: 10.1080/21683565.2023.2270449
Juan Ramón Flor-Vélez, Karime Montes-Escobar, Julio Corzo-Bacallao, Felipe R. Garcés-Fiallos, Carlos A. Salas-Macías
ABSTRACTThe study was conducted at three sampling sites in the province of Manabí, Ecuador, designated for coffee production under an agroforestry system (AFS). A total of 21 plant species were recorded, and the carbon stored in live aboveground biomass was estimated. The results showed that coffee-based AFS has a high potential for carbon storage, and species diversity is related to the structural parameters and diversity of each sampling site. The implementation of coffee-based AFS is an effective strategy for the conservation of native flora and climate change mitigation in the area.KEYWORDS: Climate changegreenhouse effecttree diversitycoffee-based AFSproduction systems Disclosure statementNo potential conflict of interest was reported by the author(s).
{"title":"Exploring the relationship between tree diversity and carbon storage in aboveground biomass of coffee agroforestry systems in southern Manabí, Ecuador","authors":"Juan Ramón Flor-Vélez, Karime Montes-Escobar, Julio Corzo-Bacallao, Felipe R. Garcés-Fiallos, Carlos A. Salas-Macías","doi":"10.1080/21683565.2023.2270449","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/21683565.2023.2270449","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACTThe study was conducted at three sampling sites in the province of Manabí, Ecuador, designated for coffee production under an agroforestry system (AFS). A total of 21 plant species were recorded, and the carbon stored in live aboveground biomass was estimated. The results showed that coffee-based AFS has a high potential for carbon storage, and species diversity is related to the structural parameters and diversity of each sampling site. The implementation of coffee-based AFS is an effective strategy for the conservation of native flora and climate change mitigation in the area.KEYWORDS: Climate changegreenhouse effecttree diversitycoffee-based AFSproduction systems Disclosure statementNo potential conflict of interest was reported by the author(s).","PeriodicalId":48958,"journal":{"name":"Agroecology and Sustainable Food Systems","volume":"45 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135888274","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-10-18DOI: 10.1080/21683565.2023.2270938
Francisco Javier Espinosa-García, Erick de la Barrera, Alba González Jácome
ABSTRACTThe term agroecology has undergone broad diversification since it was first conceived as the study of the ecology of agricultural systems. In addition to the “tripartite” definition, which includes science, practice, and social movement, political and “emancipatory” agroecologies, among others, are included. There is no consensus on the meaning of “agroecology” and “agroecological,” nor the objectives and uses associated with those concepts. Thus, despite the concept of “agroecology” not being consolidated nor unisemic, its meaning and application continue to diversify according to the interests and perspectives of the users. That diversification encompasses different ways of looking at agriculture’s role in human societies and the environment in which they are based and function. Agroecology, too, has been seen as an activity whose objectives include issues as diverse as mythical, ceremonial, dogmatic, political, or religious. Moreover, this unrestricted diversification also devalues and trivializes the term and hinders the mutual understanding among academics, practitioners, promoters, decision-makers, the public, and government agencies. We begin a series of reflections on the various agroecologies in Mexico that we hope will promote the formation of clear, well-defined, and documented concepts to contribute to synergies among agroecologies and the advancement of their objectives.KEYWORDS: Conceptual confusionconceptual diversificationsustainable agriculturescientific agroecologytechnological agroecology AcknowledgmentsThis work was supported by the Instituto de Investigaciones en Ecosistemas y Sustentabilidad-UNAM under Grants IIESPO-FJEG; IIESPO-EBM.Disclosure statementNo potential conflict of interest was reported by the author(s).Notes1. The plant holobiont is the set of micro- and macroorganisms symbiotically associated with a plant. All those organisms and the plant establish networks of biological interactions.Additional informationFundingThe work was supported by the Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México IIES [IIES-POFJEG]; Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, IIES [IIES-POEBM].
摘要农业生态学一词自最初被设想为研究农业系统生态学以来，经历了广泛的多样化。除了包括科学、实践和社会运动的“三方”定义外，还包括政治和“解放”农业生态学等。对于“生态农业”和“生态农业”的含义，以及与这些概念相关的目标和用途，都没有达成共识。因此，尽管“生态农业”的概念没有得到巩固或统一，但它的含义和应用继续根据用户的兴趣和观点而多样化。这种多样化包括以不同的方式看待农业在人类社会中的作用及其赖以生存和发挥作用的环境。农业生态学也被视为一种活动，其目标包括各种各样的问题，如神话、仪式、教条、政治或宗教。此外，这种不受限制的多样化也使术语贬值和庸俗化，阻碍了学术界、实践者、推动者、决策者、公众和政府机构之间的相互理解。我们开始对墨西哥的各种生态农业进行一系列反思，我们希望这些反思将促进形成清晰、定义明确、记录在案的概念，以促进生态农业之间的协同作用，并促进其目标的实现。关键词:概念混淆概念多样化可持续农业科学农业生态技术农业生态致谢本工作由联合国农业大学可持续发展生态研究所资助，资助项目为IIESPO-FJEG;IIESPO-EBM。披露声明作者未报告潜在的利益冲突。植物整体生物是一组与植物共生的微生物和有机体。所有这些生物和植物建立了生物相互作用的网络。这项工作得到了国立大学Autónoma de massio IIES [IIES- pofjeg]的支持;巴西国立大学Autónoma de mmacxico, IIES [IIES- poebm]。
{"title":"The conceptual babel of agroecologies is related to their diverse origins and objectives","authors":"Francisco Javier Espinosa-García, Erick de la Barrera, Alba González Jácome","doi":"10.1080/21683565.2023.2270938","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/21683565.2023.2270938","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACTThe term agroecology has undergone broad diversification since it was first conceived as the study of the ecology of agricultural systems. In addition to the “tripartite” definition, which includes science, practice, and social movement, political and “emancipatory” agroecologies, among others, are included. There is no consensus on the meaning of “agroecology” and “agroecological,” nor the objectives and uses associated with those concepts. Thus, despite the concept of “agroecology” not being consolidated nor unisemic, its meaning and application continue to diversify according to the interests and perspectives of the users. That diversification encompasses different ways of looking at agriculture’s role in human societies and the environment in which they are based and function. Agroecology, too, has been seen as an activity whose objectives include issues as diverse as mythical, ceremonial, dogmatic, political, or religious. Moreover, this unrestricted diversification also devalues and trivializes the term and hinders the mutual understanding among academics, practitioners, promoters, decision-makers, the public, and government agencies. We begin a series of reflections on the various agroecologies in Mexico that we hope will promote the formation of clear, well-defined, and documented concepts to contribute to synergies among agroecologies and the advancement of their objectives.KEYWORDS: Conceptual confusionconceptual diversificationsustainable agriculturescientific agroecologytechnological agroecology AcknowledgmentsThis work was supported by the Instituto de Investigaciones en Ecosistemas y Sustentabilidad-UNAM under Grants IIESPO-FJEG; IIESPO-EBM.Disclosure statementNo potential conflict of interest was reported by the author(s).Notes1. The plant holobiont is the set of micro- and macroorganisms symbiotically associated with a plant. All those organisms and the plant establish networks of biological interactions.Additional informationFundingThe work was supported by the Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México IIES [IIES-POFJEG]; Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, IIES [IIES-POEBM].","PeriodicalId":48958,"journal":{"name":"Agroecology and Sustainable Food Systems","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135883373","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-10-16DOI: 10.1080/21683565.2023.2270493
Matthew Hutcheson, Alec Morton, Shona Blair
Transformative agroecology challenges industrialized food and farming systems, proposing an alternative vision in which farms are designed around ecological symbioses and embedded within socially just food networks. However, at a policy level, alternative conceptualizations of agroecology have emerged that emphasize on-farm efficiency gains but lack broader objectives of agroecosystem and food system transformation. This phenomenological inquiry explores the agroecological narrative among Scottish farmers and considers its impacts on agroecosystem and food system change. Interviews were conducted across 15 farms in Scotland (20 participants) following the trans positional cognition approach (TPCA). Actualizations of agroecology were found to be value-driven approaches to developing individualized, lower-input farming systems. All farms were attempting to influence agroecosystem change through the application of ecological principles, and most (11/15) were contributing to food system change directly through involvement in alternative food networks. Smaller-scale farmers appear to deliver the most authentic actualizations of transformative agroecology but emphasized more strongly their financial challenges. A key recommendation for policymakers is to strengthen the support mechanisms available for small-scale ecological agriculture.
{"title":"Actualizations of agroecology among Scottish farmers","authors":"Matthew Hutcheson, Alec Morton, Shona Blair","doi":"10.1080/21683565.2023.2270493","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/21683565.2023.2270493","url":null,"abstract":"Transformative agroecology challenges industrialized food and farming systems, proposing an alternative vision in which farms are designed around ecological symbioses and embedded within socially just food networks. However, at a policy level, alternative conceptualizations of agroecology have emerged that emphasize on-farm efficiency gains but lack broader objectives of agroecosystem and food system transformation. This phenomenological inquiry explores the agroecological narrative among Scottish farmers and considers its impacts on agroecosystem and food system change. Interviews were conducted across 15 farms in Scotland (20 participants) following the trans positional cognition approach (TPCA). Actualizations of agroecology were found to be value-driven approaches to developing individualized, lower-input farming systems. All farms were attempting to influence agroecosystem change through the application of ecological principles, and most (11/15) were contributing to food system change directly through involvement in alternative food networks. Smaller-scale farmers appear to deliver the most authentic actualizations of transformative agroecology but emphasized more strongly their financial challenges. A key recommendation for policymakers is to strengthen the support mechanisms available for small-scale ecological agriculture.","PeriodicalId":48958,"journal":{"name":"Agroecology and Sustainable Food Systems","volume":"4 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136113080","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-10-13DOI: 10.1080/21683565.2023.2259828
Angelika Hilbeck, Eugenio Tisselli, Simon Crameri, Kallunde P. Sibuga, John Constantine, Mawazo J. Shitindi, Method Kilasara, Ayubu Churi, Camillius Sanga, Luambano Kihoma, Gladness Brush, Fadhili Stambuli, Rainard Mjunguli, Blaise Burnier, Janet Maro, Angelina Mbele, Suleyman Hamza, Mary Kissimbo, Ayoub Ndee
Agroecology has become increasingly popular but locally optimized agroecological production methods and information and communication technology (ICT) support tools are limited. This study was conducted at three different geographic locations across Tanzania; we co-developed an integrated participatory field research methodology consisting of two components, each supported by a specifically developed, complementary ICT tool, with maize and cassava as the two focal crops, to examine soil fertility and conservation (compost and mulching), increased biodiversity through intercropping (legumes), and organic pest control measures. Two specifically developed ICT tools, the AgroEco Research application (AER) and AgroEco Analysis application (AEA) were used for data gathering & storage and visualization & statistical analysis, respectively. Further, farmer-managed satellite experiments were performed to further test the research premises and validate their outcomes in the “real world” of smallholder farmers, which was supported by a smartphone application called “Ugunduzi” – enabling farmers to collect, store, and evaluate data generated at different stages of their research. Farmers were free to choose any type, number, and combination of the agroecological practices tested in the field research. This study serves as a methodology reference for a number of companion publications reporting on the findings of this project.
生态农业越来越受欢迎，但本地优化的生态农业生产方法和信息通信技术(ICT)支持工具有限。这项研究是在坦桑尼亚三个不同的地理位置进行的;我们共同开发了一种综合参与式实地研究方法，由两个部分组成，每个部分由专门开发的互补ICT工具支持，玉米和木薯作为两种重点作物，以检查土壤肥力和保护(堆肥和覆盖)，通过间作增加生物多样性(豆类)，以及有机害虫防治措施。两个专门开发的ICT工具，AgroEco Research application (AER)和AgroEco Analysis application (AEA)分别用于数据收集和存储以及可视化和统计分析。此外，还进行了农民管理的卫星实验，以进一步测试研究前提，并在小农的“真实世界”中验证其结果，这是由一个名为“Ugunduzi”的智能手机应用程序支持的，该应用程序使农民能够收集、存储和评估在其研究的不同阶段产生的数据。农民可以自由选择在实地研究中测试的任何类型、数量和组合的农业生态实践。本研究为报告该项目的研究结果的一些配套出版物提供了方法论参考。
{"title":"ICT4Agroecology: a participatory research methodology for agroecological field research in Tanzania","authors":"Angelika Hilbeck, Eugenio Tisselli, Simon Crameri, Kallunde P. Sibuga, John Constantine, Mawazo J. Shitindi, Method Kilasara, Ayubu Churi, Camillius Sanga, Luambano Kihoma, Gladness Brush, Fadhili Stambuli, Rainard Mjunguli, Blaise Burnier, Janet Maro, Angelina Mbele, Suleyman Hamza, Mary Kissimbo, Ayoub Ndee","doi":"10.1080/21683565.2023.2259828","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/21683565.2023.2259828","url":null,"abstract":"Agroecology has become increasingly popular but locally optimized agroecological production methods and information and communication technology (ICT) support tools are limited. This study was conducted at three different geographic locations across Tanzania; we co-developed an integrated participatory field research methodology consisting of two components, each supported by a specifically developed, complementary ICT tool, with maize and cassava as the two focal crops, to examine soil fertility and conservation (compost and mulching), increased biodiversity through intercropping (legumes), and organic pest control measures. Two specifically developed ICT tools, the AgroEco Research application (AER) and AgroEco Analysis application (AEA) were used for data gathering & storage and visualization & statistical analysis, respectively. Further, farmer-managed satellite experiments were performed to further test the research premises and validate their outcomes in the “real world” of smallholder farmers, which was supported by a smartphone application called “Ugunduzi” – enabling farmers to collect, store, and evaluate data generated at different stages of their research. Farmers were free to choose any type, number, and combination of the agroecological practices tested in the field research. This study serves as a methodology reference for a number of companion publications reporting on the findings of this project.","PeriodicalId":48958,"journal":{"name":"Agroecology and Sustainable Food Systems","volume":"45 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135853502","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-10-06DOI: 10.1080/21683565.2023.2265318
Angelika Hilbeck, Eugenio Tisselli, Simon Crameri, Kallunde P. Sibuga, John Constantine, Mawazo J. Shitindi, Method Kilasara, Ayubu Churi, Camillius Sanga, Luambano Kihoma, Gladness Brush, Fadhili Stambuli, Rainard Mjunguli, Blaise Burnier, Janet Maro, Angelina Mbele, Suleyman Hamza, Mary Kissimbo, Ayoub Ndee
This study discusses the results of a 5-year Agroecology Research and Advocacy project at three Tanzanian field sites in different agroecological zones. We investigated four common agroecological practices: compost application, mulching, intercropping, and biological pest control either alone or in combination. Two custom-built ICT tools – AgroEco Research (AER) and AgroEco Analysis (AEA) application – supported the field research. AER and AEA integration allowed secure data storage and real-time automated visualization and statistical analyses without programming. At no field station did legume intercropping or biological pest control increase cassava yields. The Chambezi field station had the highest yields even under untreated control conditions and only here, soil fertility amendments further increased root weights. Intercropping with cowpea legumes, alone or in combination with other practices, had no significant effect on cassava plant size or survival at the Mumbaka and Vianzi field sites and even negatively affected one or both parameters. Organic pest control had no effect on any target variable, except for plant size at Chambezi. Therefore, labor-intensive and expensive pest control practices may not be worth the investment at least when virus-resistant cassava varieties like Kiroba are used.
本研究讨论了在坦桑尼亚不同农业生态区的三个实地进行的为期5年的农业生态学研究和宣传项目的结果。我们调查了四种常见的农业生态实践:堆肥施用、覆盖、间作和单独或组合的生物害虫防治。两个定制的ICT工具——AgroEco Research (AER)和AgroEco Analysis (AEA)应用——支持了实地研究。AER和AEA集成允许安全的数据存储和实时自动可视化和统计分析，而无需编程。豆科作物间作或生物虫害防治都没有提高木薯产量。Chambezi大田站即使在未经处理的对照条件下也有最高的产量，只有在这里，土壤肥力改良进一步增加了根重。在mumaka和Vianzi地区，单独间作豇豆和豆科作物或与其他方法联合间作对木薯的植株大小和成活率没有显著影响，甚至对其中一项或两项指标都有负面影响。除Chambezi的植株大小外，有机害虫防治对其他目标变量均无影响。因此，劳动密集型和昂贵的虫害防治措施可能不值得投资，至少在使用Kiroba等抗病毒木薯品种时是这样。
{"title":"ICT4Agroecology part I: Outcomes for cassava production system","authors":"Angelika Hilbeck, Eugenio Tisselli, Simon Crameri, Kallunde P. Sibuga, John Constantine, Mawazo J. Shitindi, Method Kilasara, Ayubu Churi, Camillius Sanga, Luambano Kihoma, Gladness Brush, Fadhili Stambuli, Rainard Mjunguli, Blaise Burnier, Janet Maro, Angelina Mbele, Suleyman Hamza, Mary Kissimbo, Ayoub Ndee","doi":"10.1080/21683565.2023.2265318","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/21683565.2023.2265318","url":null,"abstract":"This study discusses the results of a 5-year Agroecology Research and Advocacy project at three Tanzanian field sites in different agroecological zones. We investigated four common agroecological practices: compost application, mulching, intercropping, and biological pest control either alone or in combination. Two custom-built ICT tools – AgroEco Research (AER) and AgroEco Analysis (AEA) application – supported the field research. AER and AEA integration allowed secure data storage and real-time automated visualization and statistical analyses without programming. At no field station did legume intercropping or biological pest control increase cassava yields. The Chambezi field station had the highest yields even under untreated control conditions and only here, soil fertility amendments further increased root weights. Intercropping with cowpea legumes, alone or in combination with other practices, had no significant effect on cassava plant size or survival at the Mumbaka and Vianzi field sites and even negatively affected one or both parameters. Organic pest control had no effect on any target variable, except for plant size at Chambezi. Therefore, labor-intensive and expensive pest control practices may not be worth the investment at least when virus-resistant cassava varieties like Kiroba are used.","PeriodicalId":48958,"journal":{"name":"Agroecology and Sustainable Food Systems","volume":"12 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135350624","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
We compare the extent to which national organic standards in North America reflect principles and benchmark practices for agricultural sustainability, and the governance and legal context that shape them. We find that Canada has the strongest principles, and the US the weakest. Mexican and Canadian standards are stronger in terms of sustainable management practices than the US. No standards contained practice requirements related to social and employment standards. Our research describes how governance processes shape the establishment of national standards. We also find that the laws that govern organic regimes do not necessarily reflect the content of the standards.
{"title":"Beyond equivalency: comparing governance and sustainability of three North American organic standards","authors":"Susanna Klassen, Erika Luna-Perez, Noa Bridson, Laura Castrejón Violante, Hannah Wittman, Navin Ramankutty","doi":"10.1080/21683565.2023.2254717","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/21683565.2023.2254717","url":null,"abstract":"We compare the extent to which national organic standards in North America reflect principles and benchmark practices for agricultural sustainability, and the governance and legal context that shape them. We find that Canada has the strongest principles, and the US the weakest. Mexican and Canadian standards are stronger in terms of sustainable management practices than the US. No standards contained practice requirements related to social and employment standards. Our research describes how governance processes shape the establishment of national standards. We also find that the laws that govern organic regimes do not necessarily reflect the content of the standards.","PeriodicalId":48958,"journal":{"name":"Agroecology and Sustainable Food Systems","volume":"25 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136236863","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-09-16DOI: 10.1080/21683565.2023.2245685
Steve Gliessman
{"title":"Can the US farm bill also be a food bill?","authors":"Steve Gliessman","doi":"10.1080/21683565.2023.2245685","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/21683565.2023.2245685","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":48958,"journal":{"name":"Agroecology and Sustainable Food Systems","volume":"19 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135307299","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-09-14DOI: 10.1080/21683565.2023.2254719
Constanza M. Urdampilleta, Mariana Totino, Adelia González Arzac, María M. Abt Giubergia, Guido Lorenz, Silvia D. Matteucci
ABSTRACTIn this study we investigate the landscape of a multifunctional peasant socio-ecosystem using a dialectic and complex theoretical-methodological framework rooted in agroecology. We describe vegetation floristics and structure, as well as biophysical and anthropic variables. We use maps, multivariate analysis and validation workshops to integrate and analyze information. The vegetation showcases distinct typologies, marked by gradual, non-linear variations, without precise boundaries tied to biophysical and anthropic drivers. Furthermore, based on vegetation structure and floristic heterogeneity, this agroecosystem constitutes a well-managed multifunctional native forest landscape, exemplifying a case of biocultural conservation.KEYWORDS: Dry foresttraditional agricultural landscapeecological complexityhuman-environment relationshipsland use historyagroecology landscapeparticipatory approach AcknowledgmentsThis research would not have been possible without the collaboration and participation of the entire community of San Ramón-San Luis-El Cautivo. Not only did they lend themselves to answering our questions and accompanying us on the walks, they also accommodated us in their homes. The interaction with the families not only allowed our work but also enriched us as human beings. We also thank Laura Fernández, Emma Trono, Paula Ramos and Mirtha Lezana from the NG “Bienaventurados los Pobres (BePe)” for their support, knowledge and company in the territory. Although a small portion of the transdisciplinary project is presented in this article, it was possible thanks to the bond built throughout the project and an ethnographic approach.Disclosure statementNo potential conflict of interest was reported by the author(s).Data availability statementThe data used to support the findings of this study are available from the corresponding author upon reasonable request.Supplementary materialSupplemental data for this article can be accessed online at https://doi.org/10.1080/21683565.2023.2254719Additional informationFundingThis work was supported by the “Secretaría de Ambiente y Desarrollo Sustentable” and “Agencia Nacional de Promoción Científica y Tecnológica” (Argentina) under Grant [PICTO 0062, 2014].
在这项研究中，我们使用植根于农业生态学的辩证和复杂的理论方法框架来研究多功能农民社会生态系统的景观。我们描述了植被区系和结构，以及生物物理和人为变量。我们使用地图、多变量分析和验证研讨会来整合和分析信息。植被表现出独特的类型，其特征是逐渐的非线性变化，没有与生物物理和人为驱动因素相关的精确边界。此外，基于植被结构和植物区系异质性，该农业生态系统构成了一个管理良好的多功能原生森林景观，是生物文化保护的典范。关键词:干旱林;传统农业景观;生态复杂性;人-环境关系;土地利用历史;他们不仅愿意回答我们的问题，陪我们一起散步，还让我们住在他们的家里。与家庭的互动不仅使我们的工作得以开展，也丰富了我们作为人的生活。我们还要感谢来自“双年创业”组织的Laura Fernández、Emma Trono、Paula Ramos和Mirtha Lezana在该地区的支持、知识和陪伴。虽然本文只介绍了跨学科项目的一小部分，但由于整个项目建立的纽带和民族志方法，这一点成为可能。披露声明作者未报告潜在的利益冲突。数据可用性声明用于支持本研究结果的数据可根据通讯作者的合理要求提供。本研究得到了“Secretaría环境与可持续发展”和“阿根廷国家机构Promoción Científica y Tecnológica”(阿根廷)的资助[PICTO 0062, 2014]。
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Pub Date : 2023-09-13DOI: 10.1080/21683565.2023.2230931
Dario Lucantoni, Jonathan Domarle
This article explores the transformative potential of an agroecological project in addressing challenges faced by vulnerable smallholder farmers in Kembata Tembaro, Ethiopia. Four key indicators of farmers’ food security – enset stock, land sharing, agricultural biodiversity, and fodder production – were assessed before and after the project implementation. The findings reveal that the agroecological transition initiated by the project positively impacted all indicators, with longer-term beneficiaries experiencing more significant improvements. The transition resulted in breaking the vicious circle of food insecurity and in establishing a virtuous circle of improved livelihoods and resilience through enhanced productivity, reintroduction of livestock, and the production and marketing of fodder into local markets. The study also highlights the crucial role of traditional indigenous organizations, in identifying context-specific needs and in creating and sharing knowledge for successful agroecological transitions. Millions of smallholder farmers in Ethiopia are trapped in a vicious circle of food insecurity and vulnerability due to soil degradation, high population density, and depletion of natural resources. This research serves as a compelling call to prioritize and invest in agroecology as a key solution to sustainably intensify smallholder agriculture, conserve natural resources, protect biodiversity, and improve the livelihoods of vulnerable farmers in similar contexts.
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Pub Date : 2023-09-10DOI: 10.1080/21683565.2023.2253760
Claudia Fernández González, Hermilio Navarro Garza, Juan Felipe Núñez Espinoza, Miguel Ángel Escalona Aguilar, Ma Antonia Pérez Olvera, Stéphane Bellon
ABSTRACTThe study aims to typify the diversity of grassroots initiatives in Mexico, the circumstances (e.g. historical, social, ecological) in which they emerge, and the roles and power relationships they establish with different stakeholders to promote agroecology. It addresses the need to comprehend how grassroots initiatives contribute to social change and the massification of agroecology in Mexico. Analysis was done using PCA and social network analysis from 167 surveys. Results show that grassroots initiatives impact 18 indigenous groups in the center and south of Mexico, and focus on eco-friendly production, social justice, popular education, and food markets. Initiatives started because of three tipping points that responded to neoliberal policies, relocating local food and massifying agroecology. There are 13 types of stakeholders that promote agroecology and influence grassroots initiatives.KEYWORDS: Agroecologygrassroots initiativesMexicotypologysocial network Disclosure statementNo potential conflict of interest was reported by the author(s).Additional informationFundingThis work was supported by the Consejo Nacional de Humanidades Ciencia y Tecnología [12031014].
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