Extensions of fuzzy sets to broader contexts constitute one of the leading areas of research in the context of problems in artificial intelligence. Their aim is to address decision-making problems in the real world whenever obtaining accurate and sufficient data is not a straightforward task. In this way, spherical fuzzy sets were recently introduced as a step beyond to modelize such problems more precisely on the basis of the human nature, thus expanding the space of membership levels, which are defined under imprecise circumstances. The main goal in this study is to apply the spherical fuzzy set version of Technique for Order of Preference by Similarity to Ideal Solution (TOPSIS), a well-established multicriteria decision-making approach, in the context of planetary defense. As of the extraction of knowledge from a group of experts in the field of near-Earth asteroids, they rated four deflection technologies of asteroids (kinetic impactor, ion beam deflection, enhanced gravity tractor, and laser ablation) that had been previously assessed by means of the classical theory of fuzzy series. This way, a comparative study was carried out whose most significant results are the kinetic impactor being the most suitable alternative and the spherical fuzzy set version of the TOPSIS approach behaves more sensitively than the TOPSIS procedure for triangular fuzzy sets with regard to the information provided by our group of experts.
{"title":"Assessment of Near-Earth Asteroid Deflection Techniques via Spherical Fuzzy Sets","authors":"M. Fernández-Martínez, J. Sánchez-Lozano","doi":"10.1155/2021/6678056","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1155/2021/6678056","url":null,"abstract":"Extensions of fuzzy sets to broader contexts constitute one of the leading areas of research in the context of problems in artificial intelligence. Their aim is to address decision-making problems in the real world whenever obtaining accurate and sufficient data is not a straightforward task. In this way, spherical fuzzy sets were recently introduced as a step beyond to modelize such problems more precisely on the basis of the human nature, thus expanding the space of membership levels, which are defined under imprecise circumstances. The main goal in this study is to apply the spherical fuzzy set version of Technique for Order of Preference by Similarity to Ideal Solution (TOPSIS), a well-established multicriteria decision-making approach, in the context of planetary defense. As of the extraction of knowledge from a group of experts in the field of near-Earth asteroids, they rated four deflection technologies of asteroids (kinetic impactor, ion beam deflection, enhanced gravity tractor, and laser ablation) that had been previously assessed by means of the classical theory of fuzzy series. This way, a comparative study was carried out whose most significant results are the kinetic impactor being the most suitable alternative and the spherical fuzzy set version of the TOPSIS approach behaves more sensitively than the TOPSIS procedure for triangular fuzzy sets with regard to the information provided by our group of experts.","PeriodicalId":48962,"journal":{"name":"Advances in Astronomy","volume":"16 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2021-03-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"64763646","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
This study is devoted to explore bouncing cosmology in the context of f G , T theory of gravity. For this purpose, a Gauss–Bonnet cosmological model with logarithmic trace term is considered. In particular, the possibility of obtaining bouncing solutions by considering two equations of state parameters is investigated. A graphical analysis is provided for analyzing the obtained bouncing solutions. The energy conditions are discussed in detail. It is interesting to notice that null and strong energy conditions are violated near the neighborhood of bouncing points justifying the accelerating universe in the light of the recent observational data. The behavior of the scale factor, red shift function, deceleration parameter, and Hubble parameter is also debated. An important feature of the current study is the discussion of conservation equation in f G , T gravity. The possibility of some suitable constraint equations which recover the standard conservation equation is discussed, and all the free parameters are assumed accordingly. All the results in this study suggest that the proposed f G , T gravity model provides good bouncing solutions with the chosen EoS parameters.
{"title":"Bouncing Cosmology in \u0000 f\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 G\u0000 ,\u0000 T\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 Gravity with Logarithmic Trace Term","authors":"M. Shamir","doi":"10.1155/2021/8852581","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1155/2021/8852581","url":null,"abstract":"This study is devoted to explore bouncing cosmology in the context of \u0000 \u0000 f\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 G\u0000 ,\u0000 T\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 \u0000 theory of gravity. For this purpose, a Gauss–Bonnet cosmological model with logarithmic trace term is considered. In particular, the possibility of obtaining bouncing solutions by considering two equations of state parameters is investigated. A graphical analysis is provided for analyzing the obtained bouncing solutions. The energy conditions are discussed in detail. It is interesting to notice that null and strong energy conditions are violated near the neighborhood of bouncing points justifying the accelerating universe in the light of the recent observational data. The behavior of the scale factor, red shift function, deceleration parameter, and Hubble parameter is also debated. An important feature of the current study is the discussion of conservation equation in \u0000 \u0000 f\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 G\u0000 ,\u0000 T\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 \u0000 gravity. The possibility of some suitable constraint equations which recover the standard conservation equation is discussed, and all the free parameters are assumed accordingly. All the results in this study suggest that the proposed \u0000 \u0000 f\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 G\u0000 ,\u0000 T\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 \u0000 gravity model provides good bouncing solutions with the chosen EoS parameters.","PeriodicalId":48962,"journal":{"name":"Advances in Astronomy","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2021-03-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45102048","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}