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DRN facilitates WUS transcriptional regulatory activity by chromatin remodeling to regulate shoot stem cell homeostasis in Arabidopsis. DRN通过染色质重塑促进WUS转录调控活动,从而调节拟南芥芽干细胞的稳态。
IF 9.8 1区 生物学 Q1 Agricultural and Biological Sciences Pub Date : 2024-11-08 eCollection Date: 2024-11-01 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pbio.3002878
Linjie Luo, Li Liu, Lili She, Haoran Zhang, Nannan Zhang, Yaqin Wang, Yuting Ni, Fugui Chen, Fengying Wan, Yuqiu Dai, Guoping Zhu, Zhong Zhao

Shoot stem cells, harbored in the shoot apical meristem (SAM), play key roles during post-embryonic development of Arabidopsis and function as the origin of plant aerial tissues. Multiple transcription factors are involved in the sophisticated transcriptional regulation of stem cell homeostasis, with the WUSCHEL (WUS)/CLAVATA3 (CLV3) negative feedback loop playing a central role. WUS acts as a master regulator in maintaining stem cells through its transcriptional regulatory activity including repressive and activating abilities. Although the interaction between WUS and TOPLESS confers the repressive activity of WUS in transcriptional control, the mechanism by which WUS activates gene expression remains elusive. Here, we showed that DORNRÖSCHEN competitively interacts with WUS and disturbs the WUS homodimer, which recruits BRAHMA to activate CLV3 expression via nucleosome depletion for maintaining the stem cell pool.

生长在嫩枝顶端分生组织(SAM)中的嫩枝干细胞在拟南芥胚后发育过程中发挥着关键作用,是植物气生组织的起源。多种转录因子参与了干细胞平衡的复杂转录调控,其中 WUSCHEL(WUS)/CLAVATA3(CLV3)负反馈环发挥了核心作用。WUS通过其转录调控活性,包括抑制和激活能力,在维持干细胞方面发挥着主调控因子的作用。虽然WUS和TOPLESS之间的相互作用赋予了WUS在转录调控中的抑制活性,但WUS激活基因表达的机制仍未确定。在这里,我们发现DORNRÖSCHEN与WUS竞争性相互作用,干扰了WUS同源二聚体,后者招募BRAHMA通过核小体耗竭激活CLV3表达,以维持干细胞池。
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引用次数: 0
A cytoplasmic form of EHMT1N methylates viral proteins to enable inclusion body maturation and efficient viral replication. EHMT1N 的细胞质形式会使病毒蛋白甲基化,从而使包涵体成熟并高效复制病毒。
IF 9.8 1区 生物学 Q1 Agricultural and Biological Sciences Pub Date : 2024-11-07 eCollection Date: 2024-11-01 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pbio.3002871
Kriti Kestur Biligiri, Nishi Raj Sharma, Abhishek Mohanty, Debi Prasad Sarkar, Praveen Kumar Vemula, Shravanti Rampalli

Protein lysine methyltransferases (PKMTs) methylate histone and non-histone proteins to regulate biological outcomes such as development and disease including viral infection. While PKMTs have been extensively studied for modulating the antiviral responses via host gene regulation, their role in methylation of proteins encoded by viruses and its impact on host-pathogen interactions remain poorly understood. In this study, we discovered distinct nucleo-cytoplasmic form of euchromatic histone methyltransferase 1 (EHMT1N/C), a PKMT, that phase separates into viral inclusion bodies (IBs) upon cytoplasmic RNA-virus infection (Sendai Virus). EHMT1N/C interacts with cytoplasmic EHMT2 and methylates SeV-Nucleoprotein upon infection. Elevated nucleoprotein methylation during infection correlated with coalescence of small IBs into large mature platforms for efficient replication. Inhibition of EHMT activity by pharmacological inhibitors or genetic depletion of EHMT1N/C reduced the size of IBs with a concomitant reduction in replication. Additionally, we also found that EHMT1 condensation is not restricted to SeV alone but was also seen upon pathogenic RNA viral infections caused by Chandipura and Dengue virus. Collectively, our work elucidates a new mechanism by which cytoplasmic EHMT1 acts as proviral host factor to regulate host-pathogen interaction.

蛋白赖氨酸甲基转移酶(PKMTs)对组蛋白和非组蛋白进行甲基化,以调节生物结果,如发育和疾病,包括病毒感染。虽然 PKMTs 通过宿主基因调控抗病毒反应的作用已被广泛研究,但它们在病毒编码蛋白甲基化中的作用及其对宿主-病原体相互作用的影响仍鲜为人知。在这项研究中,我们发现了一种独特的核-细胞质形式的外色素组蛋白甲基转移酶 1(EHMT1N/C),它是一种 PKMT,在细胞质 RNA 病毒(仙台病毒)感染时会相分离成病毒包涵体(IB)。EHMT1N/C 与细胞质 EHMT2 相互作用,并在感染时甲基化 SeV 核蛋白。感染期间核蛋白甲基化的升高与小 IB 聚合成大的成熟平台以进行有效复制有关。通过药物抑制剂或遗传性 EHMT1N/C 基因缺失抑制 EHMT 活性可缩小 IB 的大小,同时减少复制。此外,我们还发现,EHMT1的缩聚不仅限于SeV,在钱迪普拉病毒和登革热病毒引起的致病性RNA病毒感染时也会出现。总之,我们的工作阐明了细胞质 EHMT1 作为病毒宿主因子调节宿主与病原体相互作用的新机制。
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引用次数: 0
Rho1 and Rgf1 establish a new actin-dependent signal to determine growth poles in yeast independently of microtubules and the Tea1-Tea4 complex. Rho1和Rgf1建立了一种新的肌动蛋白依赖性信号,可独立于微管和Tea1-Tea4复合物决定酵母的生长极。
IF 9.8 1区 生物学 Q1 Agricultural and Biological Sciences Pub Date : 2024-11-07 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pbio.3002491
Patricia Garcia, Ruben Celador, Tomas Edreira, Yolanda Sanchez

Cellular asymmetry begins with the selection of a discrete point on the cell surface that triggers Rho-GTPases activation and localized assembly of the cytoskeleton to establish new growth zones. The cylindrical shape of fission yeast is organized by microtubules (MT) that deliver the landmark Tea1-Tea4 complex at the cell tips to define the growth poles. However, only a few tea1Δ cells mistaken the direction of growth, indicating that they manage to detect their growth sites. Here, we show that Rgf1 (Rho1-GEF) and Tea4 are components of the same complex and that Rgf1 activity toward Rho1 is required for strengthen Tea4 at the cell tips. Moreover, in cells lacking Tea1, selection of the correct growth site depends on Rgf1 and on a correctly polarized actin cytoskeleton, both necessary for Rho1 activation at the pole. We propose an actin-dependent mechanism driven by Rgf1-Rho1 that marks the poles independently of MTs and the Tea1-Tea4 complex.

细胞不对称始于细胞表面选择一个离散点,该点可触发 Rho-GTPases 激活和细胞骨架的局部组装,从而建立新的生长区。裂殖酵母的圆柱形是由微管(MT)组织的,微管在细胞顶端输送标志性的 Tea1-Tea4 复合物,以确定生长极。然而,只有少数tea1Δ细胞弄错了生长方向,这表明它们能够探测到自己的生长点。在这里,我们发现Rgf1(Rho1-GEF)和Tea4是同一个复合体的成分,而且Rgf1对Rho1的活性是在细胞顶端强化Tea4所必需的。此外,在缺乏 Tea1 的细胞中,正确生长点的选择取决于 Rgf1 和正确极化的肌动蛋白细胞骨架,两者都是在极点激活 Rho1 的必要条件。我们提出了一种由 Rgf1-Rho1 驱动的肌动蛋白依赖性机制,该机制可独立于 MT 和 Tea1-Tea4 复合物标记极点。
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引用次数: 0
The strength of interspecies interaction in a microbial community determines its susceptibility to invasion. 微生物群落中种间相互作用的强度决定了其对入侵的敏感性。
IF 9.8 1区 生物学 Q1 Agricultural and Biological Sciences Pub Date : 2024-11-07 eCollection Date: 2024-11-01 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pbio.3002889
Suraya Muzafar, Ramith R Nair, Dan I Andersson, Omar M Warsi

Previous work shows that a host's resident microbial community can provide resistance against an invading pathogen. However, this community is continuously changing over time due to adaptive mutations, and how these changes affect the invasion resistance of these communities remains poorly understood. To address this knowledge gap, we used an experimental evolution approach in synthetic communities of Escherichia coli and Salmonella Typhimurium to investigate how the invasion resistance of this community against a bacterium expressing a virulent phenotype, i.e., colicin secretion, changes over time. We show that evolved communities accumulate mutations in genes involved in carbon metabolism and motility, while simultaneously becoming less resistant to invasion. By investigating two-species competitions and generating a three-species competition model, we show that this outcome is dependent on the strength of interspecies interactions. Our study demonstrates how adaptive changes in microbial communities can make them more prone to the detrimental effects of an invading species.

以往的研究表明,宿主的常驻微生物群落可以抵御病原体的入侵。然而,随着时间的推移,这种群落会因适应性突变而不断发生变化,而这些变化如何影响这些群落的抗入侵性,目前仍鲜为人知。为了填补这一知识空白,我们在大肠杆菌和鼠伤寒沙门氏菌的合成群落中采用了实验进化方法,研究该群落对表达毒性表型(即分泌秋水仙素)的细菌的抗入侵性是如何随时间变化的。我们的研究表明,进化后的群落在碳代谢和运动基因方面积累了突变,同时对入侵的抵抗力也在降低。通过研究双物种竞争和生成三物种竞争模型,我们表明这一结果取决于物种间相互作用的强度。我们的研究证明了微生物群落的适应性变化如何使它们更容易受到入侵物种的有害影响。
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引用次数: 0
Reconstructed influenza A/H3N2 infection histories reveal variation in incidence and antibody dynamics over the life course. 重建的甲型 H3N2 流感感染史揭示了生命过程中发病率和抗体动态的变化。
IF 9.8 1区 生物学 Q1 Agricultural and Biological Sciences Pub Date : 2024-11-07 eCollection Date: 2024-11-01 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pbio.3002864
James A Hay, Huachen Zhu, Chao Qiang Jiang, Kin On Kwok, Ruiyin Shen, Adam Kucharski, Bingyi Yang, Jonathan M Read, Justin Lessler, Derek A T Cummings, Steven Riley

Humans experience many influenza infections over their lives, resulting in complex and varied immunological histories. Although experimental and quantitative analyses have improved our understanding of the immunological processes defining an individual's antibody repertoire, how these within-host processes are linked to population-level influenza epidemiology in humans remains unclear. Here, we used a multilevel mathematical model to jointly infer antibody dynamics and individual-level lifetime influenza A/H3N2 infection histories for 1,130 individuals in Guangzhou, China, using 67,683 haemagglutination inhibition (HI) assay measurements against 20 A/H3N2 strains from repeat serum samples collected between 2009 and 2015. These estimated infection histories allowed us to reconstruct historical seasonal influenza patterns in humans and to investigate how influenza incidence varies over time, space, and age in this population. We estimated median annual influenza infection rates to be approximately 19% from 1968 to 2015, but with substantial variation between years; 88% of individuals were estimated to have been infected at least once during the study period (2009 to 2015), and 20% were estimated to have 3 or more infections in that time. We inferred decreasing infection rates with increasing age, and found that annual attack rates were highly correlated across all locations, regardless of their distance, suggesting that age has a stronger impact than fine-scale spatial effects in determining an individual's antibody profile. Finally, we reconstructed each individual's expected antibody profile over their lifetime and inferred an age-stratified relationship between probability of infection and HI titre. Our analyses show how multi-strain serological panels provide rich information on long-term epidemiological trends, within-host processes, and immunity when analysed using appropriate inference methods, and adds to our understanding of the life course epidemiology of influenza A/H3N2.

人类一生中会经历多次流感感染,从而形成复杂多样的免疫学历史。尽管实验和定量分析提高了我们对决定个体抗体库的免疫过程的理解,但这些宿主内过程如何与人类群体水平的流感流行病学联系起来仍不清楚。在这里,我们使用一个多层次数学模型,利用 2009 年至 2015 年间重复采集的血清样本中针对 20 株 A/H3N2 菌株的 67,683 次血凝抑制(HI)测定结果,共同推断了中国广州 1130 人的抗体动态和个体水平的甲型 H3N2 流感终生感染史。通过这些估计的感染历史,我们得以重建人类季节性流感的历史模式,并研究该人群的流感发病率如何随时间、空间和年龄而变化。我们估计,从 1968 年到 2015 年,每年流感感染率的中位数约为 19%,但不同年份之间存在很大差异;据估计,88% 的人在研究期间(2009 年至 2015 年)至少感染过一次流感,20% 的人在此期间感染过 3 次或更多次流感。我们推断感染率会随着年龄的增加而降低,并发现所有地点的年感染率都高度相关,无论距离远近,这表明在决定个体的抗体状况时,年龄的影响比细微的空间效应更大。最后,我们重建了每个人一生中的预期抗体状况,并推断出感染概率与 HI 滴度之间的年龄分层关系。我们的分析表明,在使用适当的推断方法进行分析时,多菌株血清学样本如何提供有关长期流行趋势、宿主内过程和免疫力的丰富信息,并加深了我们对甲型 H3N2 流感生命过程流行病学的了解。
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引用次数: 0
Microbial occurrence and symbiont detection in a global sample of lichen metagenomes. 地衣元基因组全球样本中的微生物出现和共生体检测。
IF 9.8 1区 生物学 Q1 Agricultural and Biological Sciences Pub Date : 2024-11-07 eCollection Date: 2024-11-01 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pbio.3002862
Gulnara Tagirdzhanova, Paul Saary, Ellen S Cameron, Carmen C G Allen, Arkadiy I Garber, David Díaz Escandón, Andrew T Cook, Spencer Goyette, Veera Tuovinen Nogerius, Alfredo Passo, Helmut Mayrhofer, Håkon Holien, Tor Tønsberg, Lisa Y Stein, Robert D Finn, Toby Spribille

In lichen research, metagenomes are increasingly being used for evaluating symbiont composition and metabolic potential, but the overall content and limitations of these metagenomes have not been assessed. We reassembled over 400 publicly available metagenomes, generated metagenome-assembled genomes (MAGs), constructed phylogenomic trees, and mapped MAG occurrence and frequency across the data set. Ninety-seven percent of the 1,000 recovered MAGs were bacterial or the fungal symbiont that provides most cellular mass. Our mapping of recovered MAGs provides the most detailed survey to date of bacteria in lichens and shows that 4 family-level lineages from 2 phyla accounted for as many bacterial occurrences in lichens as all other 71 families from 16 phyla combined. Annotation of highly complete bacterial, fungal, and algal MAGs reveals functional profiles that suggest interdigitated vitamin prototrophies and auxotrophies, with most lichen fungi auxotrophic for biotin, most bacteria auxotrophic for thiamine and the few annotated algae with partial or complete pathways for both, suggesting a novel dimension of microbial cross-feeding in lichen symbioses. Contrary to longstanding hypotheses, we found no annotations consistent with nitrogen fixation in bacteria other than known cyanobacterial symbionts. Core lichen symbionts such as algae were recovered as MAGs in only a fraction of the lichen symbioses in which they are known to occur. However, the presence of these and other microbes could be detected at high frequency using small subunit rRNA analysis, including in many lichens in which they are not otherwise recognized to occur. The rate of MAG recovery correlates with sequencing depth, but is almost certainly influenced by biological attributes of organisms that affect the likelihood of DNA extraction, sequencing and successful assembly, including cellular abundance, ploidy and strain co-occurrence. Our results suggest that, though metagenomes are a powerful tool for surveying microbial occurrence, they are of limited use in assessing absence, and their interpretation should be guided by an awareness of the interacting effects of microbial community complexity and sequencing depth.

在地衣研究中,元基因组越来越多地被用于评估共生体的组成和代谢潜力,但这些元基因组的总体内容和局限性尚未得到评估。我们重新组装了400多个公开的元基因组,生成了元基因组组装基因组(MAGs),构建了系统发生树,并绘制了整个数据集的MAG发生率和频率图。在回收的 1000 个 MAG 中,97% 是细菌或真菌共生体,它们提供了大部分的细胞质量。我们对回收的 MAGs 的绘图提供了迄今为止对地衣中细菌的最详细调查,并显示来自 2 个植物门的 4 个科级世系在地衣中出现的细菌数量相当于来自 16 个植物门的所有其他 71 个科的总和。对高度完整的细菌、真菌和藻类 MAGs 的注释揭示了功能特征,表明维生素原养和辅养相互交织,大多数地衣真菌辅养生物素,大多数细菌辅养硫胺素,少数注释的藻类对两者都有部分或完整的途径,这表明地衣共生中微生物交叉觅食的一个新层面。与长期以来的假设相反,除了已知的蓝藻共生体外,我们没有发现与细菌固氮作用一致的注释。藻类等核心地衣共生体只在一小部分已知的地衣共生体中作为 MAGs 出现。然而,通过小亚基 rRNA 分析,可以高频率地检测到这些微生物和其他微生物的存在,包括在许多地衣中,而这些微生物并没有以其他方式被确认存在。MAG 的回收率与测序深度有关,但几乎可以肯定的是受到生物体生物属性的影响,这些生物属性会影响 DNA 提取、测序和成功组装的可能性,包括细胞丰度、倍性和菌株共存。我们的研究结果表明,虽然元基因组是调查微生物出现情况的有力工具,但在评估缺失情况方面作用有限,在解释元基因组时应注意微生物群落复杂性和测序深度的相互作用。
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引用次数: 0
Gather your neurons and model together: Community times ahead. 聚集你的神经元,一起建模:社区时代即将到来
IF 9.8 1区 生物学 Q1 Agricultural and Biological Sciences Pub Date : 2024-11-06 eCollection Date: 2024-11-01 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pbio.3002839
Maria Diamantaki, Athanasia Papoutsi

Bottom-up, data-driven, large-scale models provide a mechanistic understanding of neuronal functions. A new study in PLOS Biology builds a biologically realistic model of the rodent CA1 region that aims to become an accessible tool for the whole hippocampal community.

自下而上、数据驱动的大规模模型提供了对神经元功能的机理理解。发表在《PLOS Biology》上的一项新研究为啮齿动物CA1区建立了一个符合生物学现实的模型,旨在成为整个海马群体都能使用的工具。
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引用次数: 0
Harnessing plant biosynthesis for the development of next-generation therapeutics. 利用植物生物合成技术开发下一代疗法。
IF 9.8 1区 生物学 Q1 Agricultural and Biological Sciences Pub Date : 2024-11-05 eCollection Date: 2024-11-01 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pbio.3002886
Philip Spence, James Reed, Anne Osbourn

Genomics-based predictions indicate that plants harbor the ability to make a vast array of as yet undiscovered chemistry. Recent advances open up the potential to harness this capability at unprecedented scale for the discovery and development of new therapeutics.

基于基因组学的预测表明,植物具有制造大量尚未发现的化学物质的能力。最近的研究进展为以前所未有的规模利用这种能力发现和开发新的治疗方法提供了可能。
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引用次数: 0
Community-based reconstruction and simulation of a full-scale model of the rat hippocampus CA1 region. 基于群落的大鼠海马 CA1 区全尺度模型重建与模拟
IF 9.8 1区 生物学 Q1 Agricultural and Biological Sciences Pub Date : 2024-11-05 eCollection Date: 2024-11-01 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pbio.3002861
Armando Romani, Alberto Antonietti, Davide Bella, Julian Budd, Elisabetta Giacalone, Kerem Kurban, Sára Sáray, Marwan Abdellah, Alexis Arnaudon, Elvis Boci, Cristina Colangelo, Jean-Denis Courcol, Thomas Delemontex, András Ecker, Joanne Falck, Cyrille Favreau, Michael Gevaert, Juan B Hernando, Joni Herttuainen, Genrich Ivaska, Lida Kanari, Anna-Kristin Kaufmann, James Gonzalo King, Pramod Kumbhar, Sigrun Lange, Huanxiang Lu, Carmen Alina Lupascu, Rosanna Migliore, Fabien Petitjean, Judit Planas, Pranav Rai, Srikanth Ramaswamy, Michael W Reimann, Juan Luis Riquelme, Nadir Román Guerrero, Ying Shi, Vishal Sood, Mohameth François Sy, Werner Van Geit, Liesbeth Vanherpe, Tamás F Freund, Audrey Mercer, Eilif Muller, Felix Schürmann, Alex M Thomson, Michele Migliore, Szabolcs Káli, Henry Markram

The CA1 region of the hippocampus is one of the most studied regions of the rodent brain, thought to play an important role in cognitive functions such as memory and spatial navigation. Despite a wealth of experimental data on its structure and function, it has been challenging to integrate information obtained from diverse experimental approaches. To address this challenge, we present a community-based, full-scale in silico model of the rat CA1 that integrates a broad range of experimental data, from synapse to network, including the reconstruction of its principal afferents, the Schaffer collaterals, and a model of the effects that acetylcholine has on the system. We tested and validated each model component and the final network model, and made input data, assumptions, and strategies explicit and transparent. The unique flexibility of the model allows scientists to potentially address a range of scientific questions. In this article, we describe the methods used to set up simulations to reproduce in vitro and in vivo experiments. Among several applications in the article, we focus on theta rhythm, a prominent hippocampal oscillation associated with various behavioral correlates and use our computer model to reproduce experimental findings. Finally, we make data, code, and model available through the hippocampushub.eu portal, which also provides an extensive set of analyses of the model and a user-friendly interface to facilitate adoption and usage. This community-based model represents a valuable tool for integrating diverse experimental data and provides a foundation for further research into the complex workings of the hippocampal CA1 region.

海马 CA1 区是啮齿类动物大脑中研究最多的区域之一,被认为在记忆和空间导航等认知功能中发挥着重要作用。尽管有大量关于其结构和功能的实验数据,但整合从不同实验方法中获得的信息一直是个挑战。为了应对这一挑战,我们提出了一个基于群体的大鼠 CA1 全尺度硅学模型,该模型整合了从突触到网络的大量实验数据,包括重建其主要传入、沙弗副神经和乙酰胆碱对该系统的影响模型。我们测试并验证了每个模型组件和最终网络模型,并使输入数据、假设和策略清晰透明。该模型独特的灵活性使科学家们有可能解决一系列科学问题。在本文中,我们介绍了建立模拟以重现体外和体内实验的方法。在文章的几项应用中,我们重点讨论了与各种行为相关的海马振荡--θ节律,并利用我们的计算机模型重现了实验结果。最后,我们通过 hippocampushub.eu 门户网站提供数据、代码和模型,该门户网站还提供了一套广泛的模型分析和用户友好界面,以方便采纳和使用。这个基于社区的模型是整合各种实验数据的宝贵工具,为进一步研究海马 CA1 区的复杂工作机制奠定了基础。
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引用次数: 0
Transcriptomic analysis of the 12 major human breast cell types reveals mechanisms of cell and tissue function. 对 12 种主要人类乳腺细胞类型的转录组分析揭示了细胞和组织的功能机制。
IF 9.8 1区 生物学 Q1 Agricultural and Biological Sciences Pub Date : 2024-11-05 eCollection Date: 2024-11-01 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pbio.3002820
Katelyn Del Toro, Rosalyn Sayaman, Kate Thi, Yamhilette Licon-Munoz, William Curtis Hines

A fundamental question in biology, central to our understanding of cancer and other pathologies, is determining how different cell types coordinate to form and maintain tissues. Recognizing the distinct features and capabilities of the cells that compose these tissues is critical. Unfortunately, the complexity of tissues often hinders our ability to distinguish between neighboring cell types and, in turn, scrutinize their transcriptomes and generate reliable and tractable cell models for studying their inherently different biologies. We have recently introduced a novel method that permits the identification and purification of the 12 cell types that compose the human breast-nearly all of which could be reliably propagated in the laboratory. Here, we explore the nature of these cell types. We sequence mRNAs from each purified population and investigate transcriptional patterns that reveal their distinguishing features. We describe the differentially expressed genes and enriched biological pathways that capture the essence of each cell type, and we highlight transcripts that display intriguing expression patterns. These data, analytic tools, and transcriptional analyses form a rich resource whose exploration provides remarkable insights into the inner workings of the cell types composing the breast, thus furthering our understanding of the rules governing normal cell and tissue function.

生物学的一个基本问题,也是我们了解癌症和其他病理的核心问题,是确定不同类型的细胞如何协调形成和维持组织。认识组成这些组织的细胞的独特特征和能力至关重要。遗憾的是,组织的复杂性往往阻碍我们区分相邻细胞类型的能力,进而阻碍我们仔细研究它们的转录组,并生成可靠、可操作的细胞模型来研究它们固有的不同生物学特性。我们最近推出了一种新方法,可以识别和纯化组成人类乳房的 12 种细胞类型--几乎所有这些细胞类型都可以在实验室中可靠地繁殖。在这里,我们探讨了这些细胞类型的性质。我们对每种纯化细胞群的 mRNA 进行测序,并研究揭示其显著特征的转录模式。我们描述了差异表达的基因和富集的生物通路,这些基因和通路捕捉到了每种细胞类型的本质,我们还强调了显示出有趣表达模式的转录本。这些数据、分析工具和转录分析形成了一个丰富的资源库,通过探索这些资源库,我们可以深入了解组成乳腺的细胞类型的内部运作,从而进一步了解正常细胞和组织功能的规律。
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