Pub Date : 2021-01-01DOI: 10.1553/eco.mont-14-1s43
S. Shrestha, A. Sherpa, Sony Lama, Munmun Tamang, P. Paudel
Nepal’s population of endangered Bengal tigers (Panthera tigris) is on the rise. In recent years, the presence of tigers has been documented at higher elevations. The objective of this study is to explore the possible reasons for the tigers’ presence at the higher elevations. It is critical that these high-altitude habitats for tigers be further explored and protected. The study points out the importance of the Mahabharat range and a longitudinal conservation gradient approach in Nepal. Apart from this, it is imperative to assess the density of tigers and tiger prey in the area. Even though high-altitude ecology may be suitable for tiger growth, the formulation of a high-altitude tiger conservation action plan with effective coordination between stakeholder organizations and concerned departments is of great importance. Tigers are an apex species of the terrestrial ecosystem and exist in a precarious state throughout their range. The tiger is a globally endangered species (Goodrich et al. 2015). In the past, the tiger once existed as nine subspecies, now reduced to only six subspecies that exist in the wild. The subspecies Bengal tiger (Panthera tigris) has the largest population and is restricted to South Asia, namely Bangladesh, Bhutan, India, and Nepal (Global Tiger Initiative 2010). In the past century, P. tigris numbers have plummeted from 100,000 to below 3,500. Presently, wild P. tigris’ habitat covers approximately 1.2 million km2 in 13 Tiger Range Countries (TRCs) (Global Tiger Initiative 2010). Faced with decreasing P. tigris populations, TRCs in 2010 proposed doubling P. tigris populations by 2022, from a global estimate of ~3,643 in the year 2010 to ~5,845 by the year 2022 under the Global Tiger Recovery Program (Global Tiger Initiative 2010). P. tigris are listed as endangered on the Red List of threatened species by the International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN) and under Appendix I by the Convention on International Trade in Endangered Species of Wild Fauna and Flora (CITES). In Nepal the National Parks and Wildlife Conservation Act, 1973, classified P. tigris as a protected species. India, along with Bhutan, Nepal, Russia and Indonesia, has successfully recovered wild P. tigris populations. In recent years, P. tigris have been recorded at higher elevations outside of their usual habitat (Figure 1). For example, presence of P. tigris was recorded from 3,602 m at Arunachal Pradesh and at 3,274 m in Uttarakhand in India, 4,038 m in Bhutan and 3,165 m from Nepal (Adhikarimayum & Gopi 2018; Bhattacharya & Habib 2016; Tempa et al. 2019). Similarly, the presence of P. tigris was documented at higher elevations in Nepal (i. e., 2,500 m) and in far-western Nepal bordering on Nanda Devi National Park in India, Uttarakhand. A camera trap also recorded P. tigris in Eastern Nepal at 3,165 m (Red Panda Network 2020) bordering on Singalila National Park in India, North Sikkim. P. tigris are not the only species that are being sighted
直到20世纪中期，尼泊尔的底格里斯河沿siwalik、Bhabar和冲冲性草原山坡上的连续低地森林分布。44尼泊尔的管理和政策问题与河流森林(Smythies 1942;Gurung et al. 2006)。底底斯虎的分布目前主要局限于Terai Arc景观(TAL)的五个保护区，包括:Chitwan国家公园、Parsa野生动物保护区、Bardia国家公园、Banke国家公园和Shuklaphanta野生动物保护区。尼泊尔的保护活动旨在将几个保护区与栖息地走廊连接起来，以促进野生动物主要沿着低海拔的东西走廊移动和分散。尼泊尔的TAL对使底格里斯河鼠的数量翻倍至关重要。在尼泊尔，TAL占地24,710.13平方公里，横跨18个地区，从东部的Bagmati河延伸到西部与印度接壤的Mahakali河。除了这些保护区之外，各种国家森林和社区森林是底格里斯河鼠的栖息地，使栖息地相互联系并允许它们扩散。以前，巴格马蒂河被认为是底格里斯河在尼泊尔分布的东部边界。在尼泊尔，底格里斯河主要局限于西瓦里克山脉(1,000至1,500米)斜坡上森林的低地栖息地(海拔低于1,000米)(Miehe et al. 2016)，一直到东部的Bagmati河。然而，最近在尼泊尔高海拔地区看到的底格里斯河鼠提出了一些需要解决的关键问题:a)这些在高海拔地区看到的底格里斯河鼠只是偏离了它们的自然栖息地吗?b)个体可塑性是否在高海拔地区的底格里斯河的发生中起作用?c)是猎物数量的减少、水资源的匮乏还是温度的升高迫使底格里斯河鼠向更高的地方迁徙?d)这些较高的海拔是否像民间传说所说的那样，历史上是底格里斯河的港湾?尼泊尔喜马拉雅在南北方向上分为六个生物气候带:1) Terai(印度-恒河平原的北部边缘)，2)Siwalik (Churia)山脉，3)Mahabharat山脉，4)Midlands, 5)喜马拉雅山脉，6)内喜马拉雅山脉和西藏边缘山脉(图2)。这些地区都有不同的海拔变化，坡度，地形特征以及气候特征(图3)。Mahabharat山脉(也称为中山)位于喜马拉雅山脉以南和Siwalik山脉以北，是尼泊尔的一个重要地理区域。Mahabharat山脉比Siwalik山还要高，海拔3000米(Hagen 1998)。摩诃婆罗特山脉是一条东西向的山脉。Mahabharat在低海拔地区属于亚热带气候，在高海拔地区属于温带气候。尼泊尔东部和中部发达，西部不发达。自20世纪90年代中期以来，由于社区林业的发展，尼泊尔中部山区的森林覆盖率显著增加。此外，由于外迁和低出生率，尼泊尔中部山区的人口也在减少。所有这些因素也可能导致底格里斯河鼠和其他动物返回中山。目前在这个范围内频繁看到底格里斯河鼠可能不仅仅是侥幸。所有这些发现可能表明，这一范围也是底格里斯河鼠和其他需要保护的野生动物种群的重要热点。或者P. tigris可能会冒险进入图1 -在兴都库什-喜马拉雅山脉高海拔地区发现的Panthera tigris。
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Pub Date : 2021-01-01DOI: 10.1553/eco.mont-13-sis125
Sara Di Lonardo, A. Cinocca
The UNESCO Man and the Biosphere Reserve Collemeluccio-Montedimezzo-Alto Molise was established in 1977 in Molise Region (Central Italy) to safeguard local natural and managed ecosystems in two separate areas administered by two different municipalities. An association of seven small municipalities with various local bodies, the ASSOMAB Alto Molise Consortium, was established in 2006 to expand and zone the Reserve in order to promote innovative and environmentally sustainable approaches to economic and social development, by setting in place a new model of sustainable and integrated management in the area. In the renewal step of 2014, UNESCO agreed the expansion of the old protected areas into a single, larger reserve, to be managed by the Consortium. Today it covers nine Natura 2000 sites, seven of which are included in the European Habitats Directive, and two in the Birds Directive. Local administrators and stakeholders see the Reserve as an opportunity to develop sustainable actions while protecting and enhancing the extraordinary environmental richness, including the remarkable biodiversity. In this paper, the authors discuss the current situation and the socio-economic opportunities in this rural landscape, which is affected by population ageing, outmigration and a diminishing economy, all of which are significant drivers of land-use changes, particularly land abandonment and forest expansion. Profile
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Pub Date : 2021-01-01DOI: 10.1553/eco.mont-14-1s47
A. Gunya, F. Sarmiento
The 34th International Geographical Congress was held online from 16 to 20 August 2021. Its main themes were strengthening our collective response to global problems and building bridges between continents. The International Geographical Union Commission of Mountain Studies (IGU-CMS) organized an International Symposium of Mountain Studies (Istanbul) as part of the congress, with 11 presentations over three different sessions. Three explored the development of mountain research methodology (montology), which underpins the advancement of mountain science. These focused on: montology as applied to mountain conservation; getting to grips with urbanization; and the reality of periglacial geographies. Other topics covered by the presentations included disciplinary methods of ecosystem dynamics, land-use change, transhumance, climate change model simulations of terraced landscapes, conservation of flagship species and mountain responses to extreme weather scenarios. The IGU-CMS also presented its plans for an edited book series on montology and announced the launch of its first volume (Montology Palimpsest: A Primer of Mountain Geographies) in time for next year’s IGU Paris 2022. The range of participants and topics at the 34th International Geographical Congress reflected the current state of geography, which is influenced by global trends: environmental change under the influence of climate factors, diffusion of digital technologies into all spheres of life, pandemics, migration crises, etc. The overarching themes of the congress were strengthening our collective response to global problems and building bridges between continents. In his keynote lecture, Professor Mike Meadows called geography the “science of sustainability”, and the core objective of geography “the study of the relationship between humans and the environment”. He argued that, perhaps more than any other scientific discipline, geography makes a significant contribution to understanding human-environment relations, as demonstrated in the following areas: 1) hazard and risk research, 2) human impact studies, 3) Earth system science, 4) remote sensing and GIS, 5) environmental history, 6) landscape studies. This interaction between physical and human geography is evident in the study of mountains. The results of studies in the world’s mountain systems were presented in several sessions at the congress. Of particular note was the International Symposium of Mountain Studies, with 11 presentations given over three sessions. Three presentations explored the development of mountain research methodology (montology), which underpins the advancement of mountain science. The presentation by the Chair of the Commission of Mountain Studies, Professor Fausto Sarmiento (USA), focused on aspects of practical montology (Applied Montology: Critical Biogeography of Andean Treelines and the Humboldtian Paradigm on Satoyama Landscapes). Montology, as a complex science of mountains, where the issues of the
第34届国际地理大会于2021年8月16日至20日在线举行。会议的主题是加强我们对全球问题的集体反应和在各大洲之间建立桥梁。作为大会的一部分，国际地理联盟山地研究委员会(IGU-CMS)组织了一次山地研究国际研讨会(伊斯坦布尔)，在三个不同的会议上发表了11次报告。第三部分探讨了支撑山地科学进步的山地研究方法论(山地学)的发展。这些研究集中在:山地保护的应用;应对城市化;以及冰缘地理的现实。讲座的其他主题包括生态系统动力学的学科方法、土地利用变化、跨放牧、梯田景观的气候变化模型模拟、旗舰物种保护和山区对极端天气情景的反应。国际地质大学- cms还提出了编辑山地学系列丛书的计划，并宣布在明年的国际地质大学巴黎2022年会议之前推出第一卷(山地学重写本:山地地理学入门)。第34届国际地理大会的与会者和议题的范围反映了受全球趋势影响的地理现状:气候因素影响下的环境变化、数字技术向生活各个领域的扩散、流行病、移徙危机等。大会的主要主题是加强我们对全球问题的集体反应和在各大洲之间建立桥梁。在他的主题演讲中，迈克·梅多斯教授称地理学是“可持续发展的科学”，而地理学的核心目标是“研究人与环境的关系”。他认为，地理学对理解人与环境关系的贡献可能比任何其他学科都要大，这体现在以下领域:1)危害和风险研究，2)人类影响研究，3)地球系统科学，4)遥感和地理信息系统，5)环境史，6)景观研究。自然地理学和人文地理学之间的这种相互作用在对山脉的研究中表现得很明显。在大会的几届会议上介绍了世界山地系统的研究结果。特别值得注意的是山地研究国际专题讨论会，在三届会议上发表了11次专题报告。三场演讲探讨了山区研究方法论(山地学)的发展，这是山区科学进步的基础。山地研究委员会主席Fausto sammiento教授(美国)的演讲侧重于实用山地学的各个方面(应用山地学:安第斯树线的关键生物地理学和中山景观的洪堡范式)。山地学是一门复杂的山地科学，它系统地考虑了人类与山地景观之间的关系以及随之而来的所有后果(山地生态系统的转变、自然和破坏性过程的影响、山区人民和文明的文化遗产等)，是现代地理学趋势的生动表达。Andreas Haller和Domenico Branca(奥地利)的报告探讨了研究山区城市地区的前景(《城市系统学的思想:秘鲁安第斯山脉的半城市化、垂直性和生态互补性》)。他们提出了一个新的研究方向——城市单元学。与传统的同质化乡村景观不同，城市同质化侧重于研究山区密集的城市空间。与此同时，Yuri Golubchikov(俄罗斯)的报告《世界高纬度和高海拔地区的整体方法》概述了在地理学新方向——冰缘地理学的框架内结合世界高纬度和高海拔地区研究的机会。两次专题介绍概述了国家一级的山地研究状况(土耳其和中国)。土耳其山脉是Neslihan Dal和Barbaros Gönençgil(土耳其山脉和山区描述)演讲的重点。有人强调，土耳其是一个多山的国家，其特点是有各种各样的山地景观和山区固有的发展问题。Barbaros Gönençgil是大会组织委员会的负责人，也是IGU山地研究委员会的积极成员。邱敦莲(Dunlian Qiu)对中国山地研究的回顾表明，中国的山地研究在包括中国科学院在内的许多大学和学术机构都有代表。 邱敦莲是世界领先的山地研究期刊之一(山地科学杂志)的编辑。应当指出，在世界山区管理和政策问题动态变化的背景下，对其他山区国家的这种审查将非常有用。Lynn Resler(美国)探讨了山地地理学的一个经典主题(三种山地环境中的植物地形相互作用和生态系统发展的潜在途径)。她解释了一项针对美国不同地区的研究如何证明了不同山地环境下高山植被的显著差异。值得注意的是，这些研究仍然是山地地理学的核心，与卡尔·特罗尔的山地地质生态学有关。另一项类似的研究，Сurrent北高加索保护区景观/土地覆盖变化趋势(以Alanya国家公园为例)(N. Alekseeva, a . Cherkasova，俄罗斯)。报告强调，中部山区的主要变化与土地利用转型有关，而高山地区的主要变化与气候变化有关。山地梯田耕作是典型的山地耕作方式。应当指出，它们的相关性仍然很重要。《山地研究与开发》杂志发表了一期关于超畜牧业的特刊，证明了这一点。a . Gunya提交了一份题为《北高加索当代跨畜牧业:可持续发展的机遇与风险》的报告(合著者I. Kerimov, U. Gairabekov, H. Zaburaeva, Z. Gagaeva, Y. Karaev》)，该报告侧重于对高海拔地区之间牲畜迁移的评估。有人指出，在过去的三十年里，交通运输的规模急剧下降。现代的游牧是以家庭协会和部落联盟为基础的，放牧受传统制度和市场关系的制约。伊德里斯·伊德里索夫(合著者N. Ryabogina, A. Borisov，俄罗斯)提交了一份关于高加索山脉可耕地山地梯田的报告(高加索山地农业梯田)。发言者指出，农业梯田在东高加索地区最为普遍。它们是景观中具有高度弹性的部分，可用于现代环境模型模拟。Sanjeev Poudel(澳大利亚)在尼泊尔多尔帕坦狩猎保护区偏远地区的“喜马拉雅黄金”(毛虫真菌)社区管理报告中讨论了依赖生态位生物产品的高海拔群落的生存。当地社区为了防止外来者采集冬虫夏草，制定了自己的进入山区环境的规则。这确保了销售冬虫夏草的收入得到保证，并减少了对山区生态系统的压力。Kenichi Ueno(日本)在题为《即将到来的极端天气世界中的山地研究展望》的报告中讨论了与极端天气事件有关的山地研究的一个重要方面。重大的气候变化伴随着世界人口抵御即将到来的风险的能力下降。摆脱这种困境的方法是教育和培训，不仅要使用传统方法，还要制定适应战略。国际山地研究学术研讨会表明，在现代条件下，山地研究必须创新、发展。在专题讨论会之后立即举行的政府间联盟山地研究委员会会议上，有人指出有必要进行分析，以提供全球山地研究状况的概览。双方还一致同意，为2022年巴黎IGU百年大会举办类似的研讨会，以保持势头，推动山地地理学向前发展。IGU-CMS还与施普林格Nature Switzerland签署了一份合同，出版一本关于自然科学的丛书，这将有助于向全世界传播这一信息。将出版几卷，其中第一卷名为《山岳学重写本:山地地理学入门》，计划于明年出版。本书的目的是在Price et al.(2013)出版近十年后，成为一本更新的山地地理学教科书。
{"title":"Report on the International Symposium of Mountain Studies, part of the 34th International Geographical Congress, Istanbul (16–20 August 2021)","authors":"A. Gunya, F. Sarmiento","doi":"10.1553/eco.mont-14-1s47","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1553/eco.mont-14-1s47","url":null,"abstract":"The 34th International Geographical Congress was held online from 16 to 20 August 2021. Its main themes were strengthening our collective response to global problems and building bridges between continents. The International Geographical Union Commission of Mountain Studies (IGU-CMS) organized an International Symposium of Mountain Studies (Istanbul) as part of the congress, with 11 presentations over three different sessions. Three explored the development of mountain research methodology (montology), which underpins the advancement of mountain science. These focused on: montology as applied to mountain conservation; getting to grips with urbanization; and the reality of periglacial geographies. Other topics covered by the presentations included disciplinary methods of ecosystem dynamics, land-use change, transhumance, climate change model simulations of terraced landscapes, conservation of flagship species and mountain responses to extreme weather scenarios. The IGU-CMS also presented its plans for an edited book series on montology and announced the launch of its first volume (Montology Palimpsest: A Primer of Mountain Geographies) in time for next year’s IGU Paris 2022. The range of participants and topics at the 34th International Geographical Congress reflected the current state of geography, which is influenced by global trends: environmental change under the influence of climate factors, diffusion of digital technologies into all spheres of life, pandemics, migration crises, etc. The overarching themes of the congress were strengthening our collective response to global problems and building bridges between continents. In his keynote lecture, Professor Mike Meadows called geography the “science of sustainability”, and the core objective of geography “the study of the relationship between humans and the environment”. He argued that, perhaps more than any other scientific discipline, geography makes a significant contribution to understanding human-environment relations, as demonstrated in the following areas: 1) hazard and risk research, 2) human impact studies, 3) Earth system science, 4) remote sensing and GIS, 5) environmental history, 6) landscape studies. This interaction between physical and human geography is evident in the study of mountains. The results of studies in the world’s mountain systems were presented in several sessions at the congress. Of particular note was the International Symposium of Mountain Studies, with 11 presentations given over three sessions. Three presentations explored the development of mountain research methodology (montology), which underpins the advancement of mountain science. The presentation by the Chair of the Commission of Mountain Studies, Professor Fausto Sarmiento (USA), focused on aspects of practical montology (Applied Montology: Critical Biogeography of Andean Treelines and the Humboldtian Paradigm on Satoyama Landscapes). Montology, as a complex science of mountains, where the issues of the","PeriodicalId":49079,"journal":{"name":"Eco Mont-Journal on Protected Mountain Areas Research","volume":"312 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"77956866","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-01-01DOI: 10.1553/eco.mont-13-sis108
Pablo Mansilla-Quiñones, S. Cortés-Morales, Andrés Moreira-Muñoz
Landscape-scale conservation at the regional level is an important challenge for Biosphere Reserves (BRs), especially those located in areas suffering from depopulation and rural shrinkage. This is the case of the BRs of the southernmost part of Chile, in the Magallanes region. An analysis of the implications of deterritorialization (the radical reduction or disappearance of inhabitants, their traditional ecological practices, and their material and affective links with the territory) is lacking in the literature, particularly in relation to the migration of young people towards other human settlements. This is a critical situation for BRs because there is a tight link between depopulation and the sustainability of socio-ecological systems. Here we discuss, on the one hand, the limitations and negative impacts of repopulation attempts by extractive industries and, on the other, the possibilities of involving rural youth in initiatives that encourage the re-territorialization of ecological practices and knowledge that have been developed by generations of local inhabitants, as a way of promoting bioculturally sustainable modes of re-inhabiting these territories. Profile
{"title":"Depopulation and rural shrinkage in Subantarctic Biosphere Reserves: envisioning re-territorialization by young people","authors":"Pablo Mansilla-Quiñones, S. Cortés-Morales, Andrés Moreira-Muñoz","doi":"10.1553/eco.mont-13-sis108","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1553/eco.mont-13-sis108","url":null,"abstract":"Landscape-scale conservation at the regional level is an important challenge for Biosphere Reserves (BRs), especially those located in areas suffering from depopulation and rural shrinkage. This is the case of the BRs of the southernmost part of Chile, in the Magallanes region. An analysis of the implications of deterritorialization (the radical reduction or disappearance of inhabitants, their traditional ecological practices, and their material and affective links with the territory) is lacking in the literature, particularly in relation to the migration of young people towards other human settlements. This is a critical situation for BRs because there is a tight link between depopulation and the sustainability of socio-ecological systems. Here we discuss, on the one hand, the limitations and negative impacts of repopulation attempts by extractive industries and, on the other, the possibilities of involving rural youth in initiatives that encourage the re-territorialization of ecological practices and knowledge that have been developed by generations of local inhabitants, as a way of promoting bioculturally sustainable modes of re-inhabiting these territories. Profile","PeriodicalId":49079,"journal":{"name":"Eco Mont-Journal on Protected Mountain Areas Research","volume":"30 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"72475754","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-01-01DOI: 10.1553/eco.mont-13-sis136
P. Ibisch, Angela Dichte, F. Hamor, Andrii Holovko, V. Pokynchereda, Mykola P. Rybak, Iuliia Shvediuk
In Eastern Europe, several UNESCO Biosphere Reserves (BRs) have been important promoters of transnational and transboundary nature conservation and sustainable development. Nevertheless, political and institutional barriers and scarcity of resources have hindered successful cross-border cooperation. The prospects for BRs in Eastern Europe are mixed, especially in relation to the challenges of ecosystem degradation and climate change, as well as socioeconomic and (geo)political crises. Based on our own experience of one and a half decades of growing cooperation between partners in Ukraine and Germany, we conclude that transnational cooperation between BRs and science is particularly rewarding and mutually beneficial.
{"title":"About borders and limits: experiences with UNESCO Biosphere Reserves for transboundary cooperation in Ukraine and neighbouring countries","authors":"P. Ibisch, Angela Dichte, F. Hamor, Andrii Holovko, V. Pokynchereda, Mykola P. Rybak, Iuliia Shvediuk","doi":"10.1553/eco.mont-13-sis136","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1553/eco.mont-13-sis136","url":null,"abstract":"In Eastern Europe, several UNESCO Biosphere Reserves (BRs) have been important promoters of transnational and transboundary nature conservation and sustainable development. Nevertheless, political and institutional barriers and scarcity of resources have hindered successful cross-border cooperation. The prospects for BRs in Eastern Europe are mixed, especially in relation to the challenges of ecosystem degradation and climate change, as well as socioeconomic and (geo)political crises. Based on our own experience of one and a half decades of growing cooperation between partners in Ukraine and Germany, we conclude that transnational cooperation between BRs and science is particularly rewarding and mutually beneficial.","PeriodicalId":49079,"journal":{"name":"Eco Mont-Journal on Protected Mountain Areas Research","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"78576631","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-01-01DOI: 10.1553/eco.mont-13-sisks1
G. Köck
{"title":"Table S1 – List of typical culinary products from Austrian BRs","authors":"G. Köck","doi":"10.1553/eco.mont-13-sisks1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1553/eco.mont-13-sisks1","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":49079,"journal":{"name":"Eco Mont-Journal on Protected Mountain Areas Research","volume":"15 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83716019","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
This paper analyses the discourses of two movements opposing National Park projects in Switzerland, focusing on their strategies and the political causes of their actions. Five in-depth qualitative interviews were conducted with the leaders of the opponents of Adula Park and Locarnese Park. The results reveal a cultural war between nature conservation advocates and park opponents. The existence of this radical opposition prevented bottom-up schemes from working. Further studies should aim to better understand the causes of this malaise in order to facilitate greater acceptance of new Protected Areas. Profile
{"title":"Culture wars and protected areas: narratives against national parks. An exploratory qualitative comparison of the movements opposing Adula Park and Locarnese Park","authors":"Mosè Cometta","doi":"10.1553/0x003c9d96","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1553/0x003c9d96","url":null,"abstract":"This paper analyses the discourses of two movements opposing National Park projects in Switzerland, focusing on their strategies and the political causes of their actions. Five in-depth qualitative interviews were conducted with the leaders of the opponents of Adula Park and Locarnese Park. The results reveal a cultural war between nature conservation advocates and park opponents. The existence of this radical opposition prevented bottom-up schemes from working. Further studies should aim to better understand the causes of this malaise in order to facilitate greater acceptance of new Protected Areas. Profile","PeriodicalId":49079,"journal":{"name":"Eco Mont-Journal on Protected Mountain Areas Research","volume":"4 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"80971753","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-01-01DOI: 10.1553/eco.mont-14-1s14
T. Hammer, R. Bär, A. Ehrensperger, Andreas Friedli, K. Liechti, A. Wallner, Thea Xenia Wiesli
In Switzerland, Regional Nature Parks are required to undergo an impact assessment after ten years of operation, in order for the federal government to award the Park of National Importance label for a further ten years and for the government, relevant canton and communes to continue to provide financial support for the park’s operation. To this end, is there a convenient way of identifying and holistically assessing the impacts of park management activities on the goals of the parks and the overarching targets of parks policy in Switzerland? Based on experience gained from the evaluation of three Regional Nature Parks, we have developed a framework model for the holistic evaluation of such parks and present it here for discussion. Research eco.mont – Volume 14, Number 1, January 2022 ISSN 2073-106X pr int vers ion – ISSN 2073-1558 onl ine vers ion: ht tp://epub.oeaw.ac.at/eco.mont ht tps://dx.doi.org/10.1553/eco.mont-14-1s14 14
在瑞士，区域自然公园必须在运营十年后进行影响评估，以便联邦政府在未来十年授予国家重要公园标签，并由政府、相关州和公社继续为公园的运营提供财政支持。为此，是否有一种方便的方法来确定和全面评估公园管理活动对公园目标和瑞士公园政策总体目标的影响?根据三个区域自然公园的评估经验，我们开发了一个整体评估的框架模型，并在此讨论。研究生态。mont -第14卷，第1期，2022年1月ISSN 2073-106X pr int vers - ISSN 2073-1558 online vers: http://www.epub .oeaw.ac.at/eco。月tps://dx.doi.org/10.1553/eco.mont-14-1s14
{"title":"A holistic assessment of the impacts of park management: findings from the evaluation of Regional Nature Parks in Switzerland","authors":"T. Hammer, R. Bär, A. Ehrensperger, Andreas Friedli, K. Liechti, A. Wallner, Thea Xenia Wiesli","doi":"10.1553/eco.mont-14-1s14","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1553/eco.mont-14-1s14","url":null,"abstract":"In Switzerland, Regional Nature Parks are required to undergo an impact assessment after ten years of operation, in order for the federal government to award the Park of National Importance label for a further ten years and for the government, relevant canton and communes to continue to provide financial support for the park’s operation. To this end, is there a convenient way of identifying and holistically assessing the impacts of park management activities on the goals of the parks and the overarching targets of parks policy in Switzerland? Based on experience gained from the evaluation of three Regional Nature Parks, we have developed a framework model for the holistic evaluation of such parks and present it here for discussion. Research eco.mont – Volume 14, Number 1, January 2022 ISSN 2073-106X pr int vers ion – ISSN 2073-1558 onl ine vers ion: ht tp://epub.oeaw.ac.at/eco.mont ht tps://dx.doi.org/10.1553/eco.mont-14-1s14 14","PeriodicalId":49079,"journal":{"name":"Eco Mont-Journal on Protected Mountain Areas Research","volume":"107 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"77527020","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-01-01DOI: 10.1553/eco.mont-13-sis49
R. Eder, A. Arnberger
Understanding local residents’ perceptions of changes triggered by the creation of a biosphere reserve (BR) is important for a reserve’s successful management. This study asked 383 local residents of the Wienerwald BR, Austria, about their perceptions of changes, at individual and regional levels, nine years after the creation of the BR, and correlated these perceptions with place attachment. The vast majority of respondents perceived either no changes or positive ones in the region and for themselves. They saw the most positive impact of the BR as being the preservation of threatened landscape types and cultural landscapes. Study results revealed that local residents with stronger emotional, functional and social ties to the region perceived more positive impacts of the BR. The BR management could make use of the positive relationship between place attachment and perceptions of change, as high place attachment can be beneficial for the preservation of natural and cultural landscapes, and can contribute to greater involvement in participation processes by, and quality of life of, the local population. Profile
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Pub Date : 2021-01-01DOI: 10.1553/eco.mont-13-sis4
M. Clüsener-Godt
{"title":"Editorial by Miguel Clüsener-Godt","authors":"M. Clüsener-Godt","doi":"10.1553/eco.mont-13-sis4","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1553/eco.mont-13-sis4","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":49079,"journal":{"name":"Eco Mont-Journal on Protected Mountain Areas Research","volume":"5 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"89294638","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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