Pub Date : 2024-09-19DOI: 10.1177/10732748241284535
Miao He, Xiao-dong Li, Zi-wei Wang, Hao Sun, Jing Fan
ObjectiveTo retrospectively analyze the effect of hyperthermic intraperitoneal chemotherapy (HIPEC) on the progression free survival (PFS) of advanced gastric cancer (GC) and colorectal cancer (CRC).MethodWe retrospectively collected all the HIPEC data of GC and CRC in the Chongqing University Cancer Hospital from August 2018 to April 2023. Data were extracted from inpatient records and outpatient examination records. The IBM SPSS statistics 23.0 software was used to analyze the data. We mainly compared the PFS of HIPEC cases with that of non-HIPEC cases (both from our center and from the literature). PFS was analyzed with the Kaplan-Meier method. Log Rank (Mantel Cox), Breslow (Generalized Wilcoxon), and Tarone-Ware were used for univariate analyses.ResultA total of 342 HIPEC cases were analyzed in this study. Stage IV GC and CRC accounted for 48.5% of the total number of cases. Abdominal pain and distension (47.4%) were the most common side effects from HIPEC. Serious complications were rare (1.8%, including bleeding, perforation, obstruction, and death). The PFS and disease-free survival (DFS) of abdominal malignancy treated with HIPEC were significantly associated with the TNM stage, but not HIPEC numbers nor HIPEC drugs. In stage IV HIPEC cases, adding adjuvant chemotherapy after HIPEC resulted in better PFS. In addition, the association between peritoneal carcinomatosis index (PCI) and PFS of stage IV HIPEC cases was close to significant. Compared with the 33 stage IV (with peritoneal metastases) GC cases without HIPEC in our center from the last 15 years, the PFS of the 56 stage Ⅳ GC cases with HIPEC was not improved significantly (median PFS: 6 ± 2.92 months vs 7 ± 1.63 months for with vs without HIPEC in stage IV GC, respectively; P ≥ 0.05). Compared with the 58 stage IV (with peritoneal metastases) CRC cases without HIPEC in our center from the last 15 years, the PFS of the 86 stage IV CRC cases with HIPEC was not improved significantly either (median PFS: 7 ± 1.68 months vs 7 ± 0.62 months for with vs without HIPEC in stage IV CRC, respectively; P ≥ 0.05). When comparing our HIPEC data with the non-HIPEC data reported by other scholars for the PFS of advanced GC and CRC, the negative results were similar.ConclusionThe PFS/DFS of HIPEC cases was associated with the TNM stage, but not with the HIPEC numbers or HIPEC drugs. PCI may be related to the PFS of stage IV HIPEC cases. Adding chemotherapy or targeted therapy after HIPEC may improve the PFS of stage IV cases. HIPEC did not significantly improve the PFS of stage IV GC or CRC cases in our center.
{"title":"A Retrospective Observational Study of Hyperthermic Intraperitoneal Chemotherapy for Gastric Cancer and Colorectal Cancer From a Single Center in the Recent 5 years","authors":"Miao He, Xiao-dong Li, Zi-wei Wang, Hao Sun, Jing Fan","doi":"10.1177/10732748241284535","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/10732748241284535","url":null,"abstract":"ObjectiveTo retrospectively analyze the effect of hyperthermic intraperitoneal chemotherapy (HIPEC) on the progression free survival (PFS) of advanced gastric cancer (GC) and colorectal cancer (CRC).MethodWe retrospectively collected all the HIPEC data of GC and CRC in the Chongqing University Cancer Hospital from August 2018 to April 2023. Data were extracted from inpatient records and outpatient examination records. The IBM SPSS statistics 23.0 software was used to analyze the data. We mainly compared the PFS of HIPEC cases with that of non-HIPEC cases (both from our center and from the literature). PFS was analyzed with the Kaplan-Meier method. Log Rank (Mantel Cox), Breslow (Generalized Wilcoxon), and Tarone-Ware were used for univariate analyses.ResultA total of 342 HIPEC cases were analyzed in this study. Stage IV GC and CRC accounted for 48.5% of the total number of cases. Abdominal pain and distension (47.4%) were the most common side effects from HIPEC. Serious complications were rare (1.8%, including bleeding, perforation, obstruction, and death). The PFS and disease-free survival (DFS) of abdominal malignancy treated with HIPEC were significantly associated with the TNM stage, but not HIPEC numbers nor HIPEC drugs. In stage IV HIPEC cases, adding adjuvant chemotherapy after HIPEC resulted in better PFS. In addition, the association between peritoneal carcinomatosis index (PCI) and PFS of stage IV HIPEC cases was close to significant. Compared with the 33 stage IV (with peritoneal metastases) GC cases without HIPEC in our center from the last 15 years, the PFS of the 56 stage Ⅳ GC cases with HIPEC was not improved significantly (median PFS: 6 ± 2.92 months vs 7 ± 1.63 months for with vs without HIPEC in stage IV GC, respectively; P ≥ 0.05). Compared with the 58 stage IV (with peritoneal metastases) CRC cases without HIPEC in our center from the last 15 years, the PFS of the 86 stage IV CRC cases with HIPEC was not improved significantly either (median PFS: 7 ± 1.68 months vs 7 ± 0.62 months for with vs without HIPEC in stage IV CRC, respectively; P ≥ 0.05). When comparing our HIPEC data with the non-HIPEC data reported by other scholars for the PFS of advanced GC and CRC, the negative results were similar.ConclusionThe PFS/DFS of HIPEC cases was associated with the TNM stage, but not with the HIPEC numbers or HIPEC drugs. PCI may be related to the PFS of stage IV HIPEC cases. Adding chemotherapy or targeted therapy after HIPEC may improve the PFS of stage IV cases. HIPEC did not significantly improve the PFS of stage IV GC or CRC cases in our center.","PeriodicalId":49093,"journal":{"name":"Cancer Control","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2024-09-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142254239","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-09-19DOI: 10.1177/10732748241263644
Federica Flammia, Roberta Fusco, Sonia Triggiani, Giuseppe Pellegrino, Alfonso Reginelli, Igino Simonetti, Piero Trovato, Sergio Venanzio Setola, Giuseppe Petralia, Antonella Petrillo, Francesco Izzo, Vincenza Granata
Intraductal papillary mucinous neoplasms (IPMNs) are a very common incidental finding during patient radiological assessment. These lesions may progress from low-grade dysplasia (LGD) to high-grade dysplasia (HGD) and even pancreatic cancer. The IPMN progression risk grows with time, so discontinuation of surveillance is not recommended. It is very important to identify imaging features that suggest LGD of IPMNs, and thus, distinguish lesions that only require careful surveillance from those that need surgical resection. It is important to know the management guidelines and especially the indications for surgery, to be able to point out in the report the findings that suggest malignant degeneration. The imaging tools employed for diagnosis and risk assessment are Computed Tomography (CT) and Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) with contrast medium. According to the latest European guidelines, MRI is the method of choice for the diagnosis and follow-up of patients with IPMN since this tool has a highest sensitivity in detecting mural nodules and intra-cystic septa. It plays a key role in the diagnosis of worrisome features and high-risk stigmata, which are associated with IPMNs malignant degeneration. Nowadays, the main limit of diagnostic tools is the ability to identify the precursor of pancreatic cancer. In this context, increasing attention is being given to artificial intelligence (AI) and radiomics analysis. However, these tools remain in an exploratory phase, considering the limitations of currently published studies. Key limits include noncompliance with AI best practices, radiomics workflow standardization, and clear reporting of study methodology, including segmentation and data balancing. In the radiological report it is useful to note the type of IPMN so as the morphological features, size, rate growth, wall, septa and mural nodules, on which the indications for surveillance and surgery are based. These features should be reported so as the surveillance time should be suggested according to guidelines.
{"title":"Risk Assessment and Radiomics Analysis in Magnetic Resonance Imaging of Pancreatic Intraductal Papillary Mucinous Neoplasms (IPMN)","authors":"Federica Flammia, Roberta Fusco, Sonia Triggiani, Giuseppe Pellegrino, Alfonso Reginelli, Igino Simonetti, Piero Trovato, Sergio Venanzio Setola, Giuseppe Petralia, Antonella Petrillo, Francesco Izzo, Vincenza Granata","doi":"10.1177/10732748241263644","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/10732748241263644","url":null,"abstract":"Intraductal papillary mucinous neoplasms (IPMNs) are a very common incidental finding during patient radiological assessment. These lesions may progress from low-grade dysplasia (LGD) to high-grade dysplasia (HGD) and even pancreatic cancer. The IPMN progression risk grows with time, so discontinuation of surveillance is not recommended. It is very important to identify imaging features that suggest LGD of IPMNs, and thus, distinguish lesions that only require careful surveillance from those that need surgical resection. It is important to know the management guidelines and especially the indications for surgery, to be able to point out in the report the findings that suggest malignant degeneration. The imaging tools employed for diagnosis and risk assessment are Computed Tomography (CT) and Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) with contrast medium. According to the latest European guidelines, MRI is the method of choice for the diagnosis and follow-up of patients with IPMN since this tool has a highest sensitivity in detecting mural nodules and intra-cystic septa. It plays a key role in the diagnosis of worrisome features and high-risk stigmata, which are associated with IPMNs malignant degeneration. Nowadays, the main limit of diagnostic tools is the ability to identify the precursor of pancreatic cancer. In this context, increasing attention is being given to artificial intelligence (AI) and radiomics analysis. However, these tools remain in an exploratory phase, considering the limitations of currently published studies. Key limits include noncompliance with AI best practices, radiomics workflow standardization, and clear reporting of study methodology, including segmentation and data balancing. In the radiological report it is useful to note the type of IPMN so as the morphological features, size, rate growth, wall, septa and mural nodules, on which the indications for surveillance and surgery are based. These features should be reported so as the surveillance time should be suggested according to guidelines.","PeriodicalId":49093,"journal":{"name":"Cancer Control","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2024-09-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142269107","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-09-18DOI: 10.1177/10732748241285271
Feyisa Mitiku Hundesa, Mulatu Ayana, Eden Girmaye, Getahun Fetensa
BackgroundHuman papillomavirus (HPV) vaccination is one of the key preventative measures for cervical cancer, provided that effective vaccine uptake is employed. However, HPV vaccine uptake is low in settings with limited resources such as low- and middle-income countries.ObjectivesTo assesses the uptake of HPV vaccine and associated factors among female students attending secondary schools in South West Shoa Zone, Oromia, Ethiopia, 2022.MethodsA cross-sectional study was conducted in secondary schools of South West Shoa Zone between November 1st to November 30th 2022. A multi-stage sampling technique was employed among 634 female students attending secondary schools. Data were collected by self-administered structured questionnaires, entered into Epi-info version 7.2.2.6, and exported to SPSS version 25 for statistical analysis. Bivariable analyses were considered for Multivariable analysis. Adjusted odds ratio (AOR) along with 95% confidence levels were estimated to assess the strength of the association, and a P value <0.05 was considered to indicate statistical significance.ResultsThe proportion of HPV vaccine uptake was 31.65% (95% CI, 25-38). Having adequate knowledge AOR = 8.51 (95% CI = 4.57-15.84), living in rural area AOR = 0.25 (95% CI = 0.15-0.42), having older sibling AOR = 4.07(95% = 2.50-6.63), mother’s educational level (Diploma and above) AOR = 4.08 (95% CI = 1.75-9.49), and secondary education AOR = 3.98 (95% CI = 1.87-8.48) were significantly associated with HPV vaccine uptake among female students attending secondary schools in South West Shoa Zone, Oromia, Ethiopia.ConclusionsThe study revealed that HPV vaccine uptake was very low among female students attending secondary schools in South West Shoa Zone, Oromia, Ethiopia. Adequate knowledge, having older sibling, living in rural area, and having mothers with higher educational level were significantly associated with HPV vaccine uptake. All concerned bodies should work jointly to enhance the uptake of HPV vaccination among female students.
{"title":"Uptake of Human Papilloma Virus Vaccination and Associated Factors Among Female Students Attending Secondary Schools in South West Shoa, Oromia, Ethiopia, 2022","authors":"Feyisa Mitiku Hundesa, Mulatu Ayana, Eden Girmaye, Getahun Fetensa","doi":"10.1177/10732748241285271","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/10732748241285271","url":null,"abstract":"BackgroundHuman papillomavirus (HPV) vaccination is one of the key preventative measures for cervical cancer, provided that effective vaccine uptake is employed. However, HPV vaccine uptake is low in settings with limited resources such as low- and middle-income countries.ObjectivesTo assesses the uptake of HPV vaccine and associated factors among female students attending secondary schools in South West Shoa Zone, Oromia, Ethiopia, 2022.MethodsA cross-sectional study was conducted in secondary schools of South West Shoa Zone between November 1<jats:sup>st</jats:sup> to November 30<jats:sup>th</jats:sup> 2022. A multi-stage sampling technique was employed among 634 female students attending secondary schools. Data were collected by self-administered structured questionnaires, entered into Epi-info version 7.2.2.6, and exported to SPSS version 25 for statistical analysis. Bivariable analyses were considered for Multivariable analysis. Adjusted odds ratio (AOR) along with 95% confidence levels were estimated to assess the strength of the association, and a P value <0.05 was considered to indicate statistical significance.ResultsThe proportion of HPV vaccine uptake was 31.65% (95% CI, 25-38). Having adequate knowledge AOR = 8.51 (95% CI = 4.57-15.84), living in rural area AOR = 0.25 (95% CI = 0.15-0.42), having older sibling AOR = 4.07(95% = 2.50-6.63), mother’s educational level (Diploma and above) AOR = 4.08 (95% CI = 1.75-9.49), and secondary education AOR = 3.98 (95% CI = 1.87-8.48) were significantly associated with HPV vaccine uptake among female students attending secondary schools in South West Shoa Zone, Oromia, Ethiopia.ConclusionsThe study revealed that HPV vaccine uptake was very low among female students attending secondary schools in South West Shoa Zone, Oromia, Ethiopia. Adequate knowledge, having older sibling, living in rural area, and having mothers with higher educational level were significantly associated with HPV vaccine uptake. All concerned bodies should work jointly to enhance the uptake of HPV vaccination among female students.","PeriodicalId":49093,"journal":{"name":"Cancer Control","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2024-09-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142254242","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-09-18DOI: 10.1177/10732748241286664
Hinpetch Daungsupawong, Viroj Wiwanitkit
{"title":"Letter to the Editor: How We Treat Metastatic Castration-Sensitive Prostate Cancer","authors":"Hinpetch Daungsupawong, Viroj Wiwanitkit","doi":"10.1177/10732748241286664","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/10732748241286664","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":49093,"journal":{"name":"Cancer Control","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2024-09-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142254241","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
ObjectivesClinical studies have shown that bevacizumab plus chemotherapy significantly improves efficacy in metastatic colorectal cancer (mCRC). This prospective study aims to investigate the efficacy and safety of changing second-line treatment to raltitrexed-based chemotherapy regimens plus bevacizumab in mCRC patients who have failed the first-line fluorouracil-based chemotherapy regimen with or without bevacizumab/cetuximab.MethodsThis is a prospective, open-label, multicenter, phase II clinical study. A total of 100 patients with mCRC after failure of the first-line fluorouracil-based chemotherapy regimen with or without bevacizumab/cetuximab were enrolled from November 2016 to October 2021, and received second-line raltitrexed-based chemotherapy regimen plus bevacizumab. Patients were treated for 6 cycles, and efficacy evaluation over stable disease were followed by maintenance treatment of bevacizumab and raltitrexed until disease progression or intolerable toxicity. The primary endpoint was progression-free survival (PFS). Secondary endpoints included overall survival (OS), objective response rate (ORR), disease control rate (DCR), safety, and toxicity.ResultsNinety-four patients were treated with SALIRI (raltitrexed + irinotecan) plus bevacizumab, and six patients with SALOX (raltitrexed + oxaliplatin) plus bevacizumab. Median PFS was 8.4 (95% CI: 6.2-11.0) months, including 8.2 (95% CI 6.2, 11.0) months in the SALIRI group and 11.6 (95% CI 3.1, NA) months in the SALOX group. Median OS was 17.6 (95% CI 15.2, 22.0) months in the SALIRI group and 17.1 (95% CI 4.1, NA) months in the SALOX group. ORR and DCR were 25.5% and 87.2% in the SALIRI group, and 33.3% and 83.3% in the SALOX group, respectively. A low incidence of grade 3-4 adverse events was observed.ConclusionsRaltitrexed-based chemotherapy regimens plus bevacizumab improved survival duration in mCRC patients with failed first-line therapy. Therefore, treatment with raltitrexed-based chemotherapy regimens plus bevacizumab could be a superior therapeutic option for second-line chemotherapy in mCRC ( ClinicalTrials.gov registration number: NCT03126071).
目的临床研究表明，贝伐单抗联合化疗可显著提高转移性结直肠癌（mCRC）的疗效。这项前瞻性研究旨在探讨在一线氟尿嘧啶为基础的化疗方案联合或不联合贝伐珠单抗/西妥昔单抗治疗失败的mCRC患者中，将二线治疗改为以拉替曲塞为基础的化疗方案联合贝伐珠单抗治疗的有效性和安全性。2016年11月至2021年10月，共有100名一线氟尿嘧啶为基础的化疗方案联合或不联合贝伐珠单抗/西妥昔单抗治疗失败的mCRC患者入组，接受二线雷替曲塞为基础的化疗方案联合贝伐珠单抗治疗。患者接受6个周期的治疗，疗效评估超过疾病稳定后，贝伐珠单抗和雷替曲塞维持治疗，直至疾病进展或出现不可耐受的毒性反应。主要终点是无进展生存期（PFS）。次要终点包括总生存期（OS）、客观反应率（ORR）、疾病控制率（DCR）、安全性和毒性。结果94名患者接受了SALIRI（拉替曲塞+伊立替康）加贝伐珠单抗治疗，6名患者接受了SALOX（拉替曲塞+奥沙利铂）加贝伐珠单抗治疗。中位 PFS 为 8.4 个月（95% CI：6.2-11.0），其中 SALIRI 组为 8.2 个月（95% CI：6.2-11.0），SALOX 组为 11.6 个月（95% CI：3.1-NA）。SALIRI组的中位OS为17.6（95% CI 15.2，22.0）个月，SALOX组为17.1（95% CI 4.1，NA）个月。SALIRI组的ORR和DCR分别为25.5%和87.2%，SALOX组分别为33.3%和83.3%。结论 以雷替曲塞为基础的化疗方案加贝伐单抗可改善一线治疗失败的mCRC患者的生存期。因此，以雷替曲塞为基础的化疗方案加贝伐单抗可能是mCRC二线化疗的一个更优治疗选择（ClinicalTrials.gov注册号：NCT03126071）。
{"title":"Raltitrexed Chemotherapy Regimen Plus Bevacizumab as Second-Line Treatment for Metastatic Colorectal Cancer: A Prospective Multicenter Phase II Trial","authors":"Sheng Li, Xiaoyou Li, Qianni Zhu, Jin Gao, Chunrong Zhu, Liangjun Zhu","doi":"10.1177/10732748241275012","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/10732748241275012","url":null,"abstract":"ObjectivesClinical studies have shown that bevacizumab plus chemotherapy significantly improves efficacy in metastatic colorectal cancer (mCRC). This prospective study aims to investigate the efficacy and safety of changing second-line treatment to raltitrexed-based chemotherapy regimens plus bevacizumab in mCRC patients who have failed the first-line fluorouracil-based chemotherapy regimen with or without bevacizumab/cetuximab.MethodsThis is a prospective, open-label, multicenter, phase II clinical study. A total of 100 patients with mCRC after failure of the first-line fluorouracil-based chemotherapy regimen with or without bevacizumab/cetuximab were enrolled from November 2016 to October 2021, and received second-line raltitrexed-based chemotherapy regimen plus bevacizumab. Patients were treated for 6 cycles, and efficacy evaluation over stable disease were followed by maintenance treatment of bevacizumab and raltitrexed until disease progression or intolerable toxicity. The primary endpoint was progression-free survival (PFS). Secondary endpoints included overall survival (OS), objective response rate (ORR), disease control rate (DCR), safety, and toxicity.ResultsNinety-four patients were treated with SALIRI (raltitrexed + irinotecan) plus bevacizumab, and six patients with SALOX (raltitrexed + oxaliplatin) plus bevacizumab. Median PFS was 8.4 (95% CI: 6.2-11.0) months, including 8.2 (95% CI 6.2, 11.0) months in the SALIRI group and 11.6 (95% CI 3.1, NA) months in the SALOX group. Median OS was 17.6 (95% CI 15.2, 22.0) months in the SALIRI group and 17.1 (95% CI 4.1, NA) months in the SALOX group. ORR and DCR were 25.5% and 87.2% in the SALIRI group, and 33.3% and 83.3% in the SALOX group, respectively. A low incidence of grade 3-4 adverse events was observed.ConclusionsRaltitrexed-based chemotherapy regimens plus bevacizumab improved survival duration in mCRC patients with failed first-line therapy. Therefore, treatment with raltitrexed-based chemotherapy regimens plus bevacizumab could be a superior therapeutic option for second-line chemotherapy in mCRC ( ClinicalTrials.gov registration number: NCT03126071).","PeriodicalId":49093,"journal":{"name":"Cancer Control","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2024-09-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142254240","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-09-17DOI: 10.1177/10732748241284943
Agajie Likie Bogale, Jemal Haidar Ali, Zaki A. Sherif
BackgroundPrevious studies underscore the crucial link between awareness and timely cervical cancer screening and treatment, particularly among women of reproductive age. Yet, insights remain limited when it comes to women living with HIV in Addis Ababa. This study examined the knowledge and practices of these women regarding cervical cancer screening and treatment, illuminating the factors that both enable and hinder their uptake.MethodsThis cross-sectional study took place in six public hospitals in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia, involving 578 women with HIV. The recruitment spanned 10 months, from January 1st to October 31st, 2021. Trained clinicians utilized the Open Data Kit for data collection, ensuring real-time submission to the server. Statistical analysis was performed using SPSS version 25, employing descriptive and inferential statistics. The logistic regression model identified predictors of outcome variables, and open-ended questions were thematically narrated for qualitative insights.ResultsA notable 51.2% of women with HIV exhibited inadequate knowledge regarding cervical cancer prevention and control programs. Furthermore, a substantial 68.5% had never undergone cervical examination, citing reasons such as considering themselves healthy (49.6%), perceiving the examination as painful (28.4%), and feeling shy to undergo screening (23.3%). Notably, participants with non-formal education were 70% less likely to possess knowledge about cervical cancer prevention and control (AOR = 0.30; 95% CI = 0.13-0.71). Income emerged as an independent predictor for both knowledge and practice in women’s approach to cervical cancer prevention and control ( P < 0.05). Additionally, occupation and duration of HIV diagnosis independently predicted practice, even after adjusting for confounding factors.ConclusionHalf of the participating HIV-positive women lacked adequate awareness about cervical cancer prevention and control, underscoring the urgent need for comprehensive awareness initiatives tailored to this population. Relevant ministries, health care providers, and advocacy groups must collaborate to implement targeted education programs, utilizing diverse channels like community outreach, health care settings, and media campaigns.
{"title":"Knowledge and Practice of Women With HIV on Cervical Cancer Prevention and Control and their Attributes to Utilize the Screening Services in Ethiopia: A Cross Sectional Study","authors":"Agajie Likie Bogale, Jemal Haidar Ali, Zaki A. Sherif","doi":"10.1177/10732748241284943","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/10732748241284943","url":null,"abstract":"BackgroundPrevious studies underscore the crucial link between awareness and timely cervical cancer screening and treatment, particularly among women of reproductive age. Yet, insights remain limited when it comes to women living with HIV in Addis Ababa. This study examined the knowledge and practices of these women regarding cervical cancer screening and treatment, illuminating the factors that both enable and hinder their uptake.MethodsThis cross-sectional study took place in six public hospitals in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia, involving 578 women with HIV. The recruitment spanned 10 months, from January 1<jats:sup>st</jats:sup> to October 31<jats:sup>st</jats:sup>, 2021. Trained clinicians utilized the Open Data Kit for data collection, ensuring real-time submission to the server. Statistical analysis was performed using SPSS version 25, employing descriptive and inferential statistics. The logistic regression model identified predictors of outcome variables, and open-ended questions were thematically narrated for qualitative insights.ResultsA notable 51.2% of women with HIV exhibited inadequate knowledge regarding cervical cancer prevention and control programs. Furthermore, a substantial 68.5% had never undergone cervical examination, citing reasons such as considering themselves healthy (49.6%), perceiving the examination as painful (28.4%), and feeling shy to undergo screening (23.3%). Notably, participants with non-formal education were 70% less likely to possess knowledge about cervical cancer prevention and control (AOR = 0.30; 95% CI = 0.13-0.71). Income emerged as an independent predictor for both knowledge and practice in women’s approach to cervical cancer prevention and control ( P < 0.05). Additionally, occupation and duration of HIV diagnosis independently predicted practice, even after adjusting for confounding factors.ConclusionHalf of the participating HIV-positive women lacked adequate awareness about cervical cancer prevention and control, underscoring the urgent need for comprehensive awareness initiatives tailored to this population. Relevant ministries, health care providers, and advocacy groups must collaborate to implement targeted education programs, utilizing diverse channels like community outreach, health care settings, and media campaigns.","PeriodicalId":49093,"journal":{"name":"Cancer Control","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2024-09-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142254297","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
BackgroundCytoreductive surgery is critical for optimal tumor clearance in advanced epithelial ovarian cancer (EOC). Despite best efforts, some patients may experience R2 (>1 cm) resection, while others may not undergo surgery at all. We aimed to compare outcomes between advanced EOC patients undergoing R2 resection and those who had no surgery.MethodsRetrospective data from 51 patients with R2 resection were compared to 122 patients with no surgery between January 2015 and December 2019 at a UK tertiary referral centre. Progression-free survival (PFS) and overall survival (OS) were the study endpoints. Principal Component Analysis and Term Frequency – Inverse Document Frequency scores were utilized for data discrimination and prediction of R>2 cm from computed tomography pre-operative reports, respectively.ResultsNo statistical significance was observed, except for age (73 vs 67 years in the no- surgery vs R2 group, P: .001). Principal Components explained 34% of data variances. Reasons for no surgery included age, co-morbidities, patient preference, refractory disease, patient deterioration or disease progression, and absence of measurable intra- abdominal disease). The median PFS and OS were 12 and 14 months for no-surgery, vs 14 and 26 months for R2 ( P: .138 and P: .001, respectively). Serous histology and performance status independently predicted PFS in both no-surgery and R2 cohorts. In the no-surgery cohort, serous histology independently predicted OS, while in the R2 cohorts, both serous histology and adjuvant chemotherapy were independent prognostic features for OS. The bi-grams “abdominopelvic ascites” and “solid omental” were amongst those best discriminating between R>2 cm and R1-2 cm.ConclusionsR2 resection and no-surgery cohorts displayed unfavourable prognosis with a notable degree of uniformity. When cytoreduction results in suboptimal results, the survival benefit may still be higher compared to those who underwent no surgery.
{"title":"Survival Dynamics in Advanced Ovarian Cancer: R2 Resection Versus No-Surgery Paths Explored","authors":"Konstantinos Pitsikakis, Diederick DeJong, Konstantinos Kitsos-Kalyvianakis, Marios Evangelos Mamalis, Michela Quaranta, Aishath Shavee, Alina Wahab, Amudha Thangavelu, Timothy Broadhead, David Nugent, Evangelos Kalampokis, Alexandros Laios","doi":"10.1177/10732748241285480","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/10732748241285480","url":null,"abstract":"BackgroundCytoreductive surgery is critical for optimal tumor clearance in advanced epithelial ovarian cancer (EOC). Despite best efforts, some patients may experience R2 (>1 cm) resection, while others may not undergo surgery at all. We aimed to compare outcomes between advanced EOC patients undergoing R2 resection and those who had no surgery.MethodsRetrospective data from 51 patients with R2 resection were compared to 122 patients with no surgery between January 2015 and December 2019 at a UK tertiary referral centre. Progression-free survival (PFS) and overall survival (OS) were the study endpoints. Principal Component Analysis and Term Frequency – Inverse Document Frequency scores were utilized for data discrimination and prediction of R>2 cm from computed tomography pre-operative reports, respectively.ResultsNo statistical significance was observed, except for age (73 vs 67 years in the no- surgery vs R2 group, P: .001). Principal Components explained 34% of data variances. Reasons for no surgery included age, co-morbidities, patient preference, refractory disease, patient deterioration or disease progression, and absence of measurable intra- abdominal disease). The median PFS and OS were 12 and 14 months for no-surgery, vs 14 and 26 months for R2 ( P: .138 and P: .001, respectively). Serous histology and performance status independently predicted PFS in both no-surgery and R2 cohorts. In the no-surgery cohort, serous histology independently predicted OS, while in the R2 cohorts, both serous histology and adjuvant chemotherapy were independent prognostic features for OS. The bi-grams “abdominopelvic ascites” and “solid omental” were amongst those best discriminating between R>2 cm and R1-2 cm.ConclusionsR2 resection and no-surgery cohorts displayed unfavourable prognosis with a notable degree of uniformity. When cytoreduction results in suboptimal results, the survival benefit may still be higher compared to those who underwent no surgery.","PeriodicalId":49093,"journal":{"name":"Cancer Control","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2024-09-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142254243","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
ObjectivesThe associations between the neutrophil-lymphocyte ratio (NLR) and platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio (PLR) with the responses of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients receiving immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICI) and the NLR/PLR predictive potential were evaluated via meta-analysis.MethodsA systematic review was conducted using the PubMed, Embase, and The Cochrane Library databases until October 2021. The relationship between NLR/PLR and overall survival (OS) and progression-free survival (PFS) was evaluated using pooled hazard ratios (HR). The relationship between NLR/PLR and overall response rate (ORR) and disease control rate (DCR) was assessed via pooled odds ratios (OR). Heterogeneity between studies, publication bias, subgroup and sensitivity analyses, trim and fill meta-analysis, and the contour-enhanced funnel plot were performed using the R software.ResultsA total of 44 (out of 875) studies met the eligibility criteria, providing a sample size of 4597 patients. Patients with a high NLR were statistically significantly associated with worse outcomes, including OS (pooled HR = 2.44; P < 0.001), PFS (pooled HR = 2.06; P < 0.001), DCR (pooled OR = 0.71; P < 0.001), and ORR (pooled OR = 0.33; P < 0.001). Similarly, a high PLR was associated with poorer outcomes in response to ICI drugs, including OS (pooled HR = 2.13; P < 0.001) and PFS (pooled HR = 1.61; P < 0.001).ConclusionHigh NLR and PLR were associated with a statistically significant reduction in the efficacy of ICI drugs in NSCLC patients. Thereby, it is possible to use NLR and PLR as potential and available biomarkers in the clinical practice to predict the outcome of ICI treatment in NSCLC patients.
{"title":"Predictability of Neutrophile to Lymphocyte Ratio and Platelet to Lymphocyte Ratio on the Effectiveness of Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors in Non-small Cell Lung Cancer patients: A Meta-Analysis","authors":"Cuc Thi Thu Nguyen, Tran Nguyen Khanh Van, Phung Thanh Huong","doi":"10.1177/10732748241285474","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/10732748241285474","url":null,"abstract":"ObjectivesThe associations between the neutrophil-lymphocyte ratio (NLR) and platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio (PLR) with the responses of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients receiving immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICI) and the NLR/PLR predictive potential were evaluated via meta-analysis.MethodsA systematic review was conducted using the PubMed, Embase, and The Cochrane Library databases until October 2021. The relationship between NLR/PLR and overall survival (OS) and progression-free survival (PFS) was evaluated using pooled hazard ratios (HR). The relationship between NLR/PLR and overall response rate (ORR) and disease control rate (DCR) was assessed via pooled odds ratios (OR). Heterogeneity between studies, publication bias, subgroup and sensitivity analyses, trim and fill meta-analysis, and the contour-enhanced funnel plot were performed using the R software.ResultsA total of 44 (out of 875) studies met the eligibility criteria, providing a sample size of 4597 patients. Patients with a high NLR were statistically significantly associated with worse outcomes, including OS (pooled HR = 2.44; P < 0.001), PFS (pooled HR = 2.06; P < 0.001), DCR (pooled OR = 0.71; P < 0.001), and ORR (pooled OR = 0.33; P < 0.001). Similarly, a high PLR was associated with poorer outcomes in response to ICI drugs, including OS (pooled HR = 2.13; P < 0.001) and PFS (pooled HR = 1.61; P < 0.001).ConclusionHigh NLR and PLR were associated with a statistically significant reduction in the efficacy of ICI drugs in NSCLC patients. Thereby, it is possible to use NLR and PLR as potential and available biomarkers in the clinical practice to predict the outcome of ICI treatment in NSCLC patients.","PeriodicalId":49093,"journal":{"name":"Cancer Control","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2024-09-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142254288","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
AimThis study aimed to investigate the role of discoidin domain receptor tyrosine kinase 1 (DDR1) in liver hepatocellular carcinoma (LIHC) and to evaluate its prognostic value on patient response to combination therapy.MethodsIn the current retrospective study, we examined the protein expression of DDR1 in various cancers by standard immunohistochemical (IHC) methods and evaluated its clinical significance in LIHC personalized treatment. Multiple online databases, including The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA), TIMER, GEO, ROC Plotter, and Genomics of Drug Sensitivity in Cancer (GDSC), were used.ResultsDDR1 protein expression was higher in LIHC than in other nine examined cancer types. Additionally, DDR1 exhibited higher expression levels in adjacent normal tissues compared to HBs-positive LIHC tissues. Analysis at single-cell resolution revealed that DDR1 was expressed primarily in epithelial cells but not in stromal and immune cells, and DDR1 expression was lower in HBs-positive LIHC cells in comparison with normal hepatocytes. Correlation of DDR1 upregulation and sorafenib resistance was observed in the patient cohort. Moreover, DDR1 expression positively correlated with the expression of inflammatory response-related genes, ECM-related genes, and collagen formation-related genes, but negatively correlated with the infiltration of CD8+ T cells, NK cells, and dendritic cells in LIHC.ConclusionsOur findings suggest that DDR1 expression might be induced by collagen production-related cellular events involved in liver injury and repair, and that DDR1 overexpression might contribute to the resistance to LIHC targeted therapy and immunotherapy, highlighting DDR1 as a potential prognostic biomarker and therapeutic target.
{"title":"DDR1 is a Novel Biomarker and Potential Therapeutic Target for the Combination Treatment of Liver Hepatocellular Carcinoma","authors":"Tianxing Li, Hao Hu, Yuhao Song, Yihai Shi, Dingtao Hu, Weifeng Shen, Beifang Ning","doi":"10.1177/10732748241286257","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/10732748241286257","url":null,"abstract":"AimThis study aimed to investigate the role of discoidin domain receptor tyrosine kinase 1 (DDR1) in liver hepatocellular carcinoma (LIHC) and to evaluate its prognostic value on patient response to combination therapy.MethodsIn the current retrospective study, we examined the protein expression of DDR1 in various cancers by standard immunohistochemical (IHC) methods and evaluated its clinical significance in LIHC personalized treatment. Multiple online databases, including The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA), TIMER, GEO, ROC Plotter, and Genomics of Drug Sensitivity in Cancer (GDSC), were used.ResultsDDR1 protein expression was higher in LIHC than in other nine examined cancer types. Additionally, DDR1 exhibited higher expression levels in adjacent normal tissues compared to HBs-positive LIHC tissues. Analysis at single-cell resolution revealed that DDR1 was expressed primarily in epithelial cells but not in stromal and immune cells, and DDR1 expression was lower in HBs-positive LIHC cells in comparison with normal hepatocytes. Correlation of DDR1 upregulation and sorafenib resistance was observed in the patient cohort. Moreover, DDR1 expression positively correlated with the expression of inflammatory response-related genes, ECM-related genes, and collagen formation-related genes, but negatively correlated with the infiltration of CD8<jats:sup>+</jats:sup> T cells, NK cells, and dendritic cells in LIHC.ConclusionsOur findings suggest that DDR1 expression might be induced by collagen production-related cellular events involved in liver injury and repair, and that DDR1 overexpression might contribute to the resistance to LIHC targeted therapy and immunotherapy, highlighting DDR1 as a potential prognostic biomarker and therapeutic target.","PeriodicalId":49093,"journal":{"name":"Cancer Control","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2024-09-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142254290","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-09-14DOI: 10.1177/10732748241284907
Lam Thi Phuong Nguyen, Dung Quoc Phan, Araba Gyan, Han Thi Ngoc Nguyen, David Cassell, Giao Huynh
BackgroundHuman papillomavirus (HPV) is known as a common agent of sexually transmitted infections and cervical cancer. One of the most effective ways for parents to protect their children from HPV is by ensuring they receive vaccinations.AimTo determine the percentage of parents who intend to vaccinate their children against HPV and associated factors.MethodA cross-sectional study was conducted on 365 parents who had children attending high school in Ha Tinh province, Vietnam, from April to May 2023, using stratified and random sampling methods. Data were collected by a self-administered questionnaire designed based on previous studies and the domains of the Theory of Planned Behavior and Health Belief Model. A multivariable logistic regression was performed to determine the association between several factors and vaccination status.ResultA total of 365 participants took part in the study. The rate of parents intending to vaccinate their children against HPV was 55.9%. Knowledge about the HPV disease and vaccine (all P < .05) and the attitude of parents ( P < .001) were determined as the motivation factors that affect the intention to vaccinate children against HPV.ConclusionMany parents still do not have the intention to vaccinate children against HPV. Health education communication should focus on the motivation factors, not only to improve the parents’ knowledge and perspective but also to increase the coverage of the vaccine to prevent cancers caused by HPV.
{"title":"Parents’ Intentions of Human Papillomavirus Vaccination for Students in Vietnam: A Cross-Sectional Study","authors":"Lam Thi Phuong Nguyen, Dung Quoc Phan, Araba Gyan, Han Thi Ngoc Nguyen, David Cassell, Giao Huynh","doi":"10.1177/10732748241284907","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/10732748241284907","url":null,"abstract":"BackgroundHuman papillomavirus (HPV) is known as a common agent of sexually transmitted infections and cervical cancer. One of the most effective ways for parents to protect their children from HPV is by ensuring they receive vaccinations.AimTo determine the percentage of parents who intend to vaccinate their children against HPV and associated factors.MethodA cross-sectional study was conducted on 365 parents who had children attending high school in Ha Tinh province, Vietnam, from April to May 2023, using stratified and random sampling methods. Data were collected by a self-administered questionnaire designed based on previous studies and the domains of the Theory of Planned Behavior and Health Belief Model. A multivariable logistic regression was performed to determine the association between several factors and vaccination status.ResultA total of 365 participants took part in the study. The rate of parents intending to vaccinate their children against HPV was 55.9%. Knowledge about the HPV disease and vaccine (all P < .05) and the attitude of parents ( P < .001) were determined as the motivation factors that affect the intention to vaccinate children against HPV.ConclusionMany parents still do not have the intention to vaccinate children against HPV. Health education communication should focus on the motivation factors, not only to improve the parents’ knowledge and perspective but also to increase the coverage of the vaccine to prevent cancers caused by HPV.","PeriodicalId":49093,"journal":{"name":"Cancer Control","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2024-09-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142269114","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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