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Perceptions of black and minoritised ethnic occupational therapists on mentoring: A survey 黑人和少数族裔职业治疗师对指导的看法:一项调查
IF 1.3 4区 医学 Q3 REHABILITATION Pub Date : 2023-11-15 DOI: 10.1177/03080226231209817
Anita Atwal, V. Sriram, E. McKay
Mentorship is perceived as a mechanism to enhance career progression. Within occupational therapy, there is little research to demonstrate the effectiveness of mentoring on career success and no research has explored its relevance for black and minoritised ethnic (BME) occupational therapists. This research explored the experience of mentoring for career progression from a BME perspective using a survey. An online survey was conducted with occupational therapists in the United Kingdom who identified as BME. The primary recruitment method was a convenience sample via a BME network and through its other links. Content analysis and descriptive statistics were used to analyse and report the data. In all, 54 BME occupational therapists completed the survey. Most BME therapists had never requested a BME mentor, but most wanted a BME mentor. Active allyship was viewed as an important part of mentorship when mentored by a white therapist. This research is the first study in occupational therapy to examine the mentoring experiences and needs of BME therapists. It is a call for action to recognise and reorient the approach and understanding of the structures and experiences of BME mentorship.
导师制被认为是促进职业发展的一种机制。在职业治疗领域,几乎没有研究证明指导对职业成功的有效性,也没有研究探讨指导对黑人和少数民族职业治疗师(BME)的意义。本研究通过一项调查,从黑人和少数族裔的角度探讨了职业发展指导的经验。研究人员对英国的黑人和少数族裔职业治疗师进行了在线调查。主要招募方法是通过 BME 网络及其他链接进行方便抽样。内容分析和描述性统计用于分析和报告数据。共有 54 名黑人、亚裔和少数族裔职业治疗师完成了调查。大多数黑人、亚裔和少数族裔职业治疗师从未要求过一名黑人、亚裔和少数族裔导师,但大多数人都希望有一名黑人、亚裔和少数族裔导师。在接受白人治疗师指导时,积极的盟友关系被视为指导的重要组成部分。这项研究是职业治疗领域首次研究黑人、亚裔和少数族裔治疗师的指导经验和需求。它呼吁采取行动,认识和重新定位指导方法,了解黑人、亚裔和少数族裔的指导结构和经验。
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引用次数: 0
Time to take play seriously: The Royal College of Occupational Therapists’ Occupational Therapy and Play practice guideline 是时候认真对待游戏了:皇家职业治疗师学院职业治疗与游戏实践指南
IF 1.3 4区 医学 Q3 REHABILITATION Pub Date : 2023-11-15 DOI: 10.1177/03080226231206683
Gillian Ward, Sally Payne
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引用次数: 0
The how and why of handgrip strength assessment 手握强度评估的方法和原因
IF 1.3 4区 医学 Q3 REHABILITATION Pub Date : 2023-11-15 DOI: 10.1177/03080226231208409
Louise Myles, Nicola Massy-Westropp, Fiona Barnett
Occupational therapists and physiotherapists routinely assess Hand grip Strength (HGS) to evaluate hand function. This study explored the experiences of clinicians who regularly assess and evaluate HGS including the testing protocol utilised, evaluation methods and the influence of various biological and functional factors. This exploratory survey ( n = 49) was distributed online to members of the Australian Hand Therapy Association. The questionnaire asked recipients to identify HGS testing protocols, evaluation methods, use of normative data, reasons for assessment and the influence of biological and functional factors on HGS. Demographic data was also collected. Sixty-four percent of respondents were occupational therapists and 59% had over 10 years’ experience assessing HGS. The standardised American Society of Hand Therapists (ASHT) testing protocol was consistently adopted by only 67% of respondents . Variations in contraction time, scoring and evaluation methods were identified. Gender, age, employment and lifestyle were considered the functional and biological factors which influence HGS. This study details how and why occupational therapists and physiotherapists in Australia assess and evaluate HGS. Use of the ASHT testing protocol is not universal. Clinicians rely on the reason for assessment, clinical experience and practice context to determine how they assess and evaluate HGS.
职业治疗师和物理治疗师会对手部握力(HGS)进行常规评估,以评价手部功能。本研究探讨了定期评估 HGS 的临床医生的经验,包括使用的测试协议、评估方法以及各种生物和功能因素的影响。这项探索性调查(n = 49)通过网络分发给澳大利亚手部治疗协会的会员。问卷要求受访者确定 HGS 测试方案、评估方法、常模数据的使用、评估原因以及生物和功能因素对 HGS 的影响。同时还收集了人口统计学数据。64%的受访者是职业治疗师,59%的受访者拥有 10 年以上的 HGS 评估经验。只有 67% 的受访者始终采用美国手部治疗师协会 (ASHT) 的标准化测试方案。在收缩时间、评分和评估方法方面存在差异。性别、年龄、就业和生活方式被认为是影响 HGS 的功能和生物因素。本研究详细介绍了澳大利亚职业治疗师和物理治疗师评估 HGS 的方法和原因。ASHT 测试协议的使用并不普遍。临床医生根据评估原因、临床经验和实践背景来决定如何评估 HGS。
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引用次数: 0
Occupational therapy practice to support executive function impairment after acquired brain injury: A UK clinical survey 职业治疗实践支持后天性脑损伤后执行功能障碍:英国临床调查
4区 医学 Q3 REHABILITATION Pub Date : 2023-11-03 DOI: 10.1177/03080226231206686
Sarah de Charentenay, Julie Whitney, Philippa A Logan
Introduction: This study explored treatment of executive functioning impairment in adults after acquired brain injury (ABI), clinician’s confidence and support received, in a sample of occupational therapists in the United Kingdom. Methods: A 24-item online questionnaire was sent to 750 members of the Royal College of Occupational Therapists Specialist-Section in Neurological Practice. Data was collected at a nominal and ordinal level and included yes/no Likert-type scale and free field comments. Descriptive statistical analysis was completed. Results: Seventy-six occupational therapists working in a range of neurological settings completed the survey. Frequently used interventions included education ( n = 57, 75%), task modification ( n = 56, 73%), instrumental activities of daily living (ADL) ( n = 54, 71%), personal ADL ( n = 53, 70%) and goal setting ( n = 53, 70%). Seventy-one percent used metacognitive strategies. Occupation-based metacognitive approaches were rarely used. Thirty-one (41%) participants reported being fairly confident and 28 (37%) were very confident. Support for clinical practice was accessed most frequently through joint clinical sessions ( n = 30, 39%). Findings: Participants used various clinical interventions to treat service users with executive dysfunction after ABI. Meta-cognitive strategies were employed; however, occupation-based metacognitive approaches were infrequently utilised, suggesting uncertainty in adopting these in practice. The need for further training on evidence-based interventions and knowledge translation support was highlighted.
简介:本研究以英国职业治疗师为样本,探讨了成人获得性脑损伤(ABI)后执行功能障碍的治疗、临床医生的信心和获得的支持。方法:一份24项的在线调查问卷被发送给750名英国皇家职业治疗师学院神经实践专家组的成员。数据在名义和顺序水平上收集,包括是/否李克特量表和自由现场评论。完成描述性统计分析。结果:76名从事神经系统工作的职业治疗师完成了调查。常用的干预措施包括教育(n = 57, 75%)、任务修改(n = 56, 73%)、日常生活工具活动(ADL) (n = 54, 71%)、个人ADL (n = 53, 70%)和目标设定(n = 53, 70%)。71%的人使用元认知策略。基于职业的元认知方法很少被使用。31人(41%)表示相当自信,28人(37%)表示非常自信。对临床实践的支持最常通过联合临床会议获得(n = 30,39%)。研究结果:参与者使用各种临床干预措施来治疗ABI后执行功能障碍的服务使用者。采用元认知策略;然而,基于职业的元认知方法很少被使用,这表明在实践中采用这些方法存在不确定性。与会者强调,有必要就循证干预措施和知识转化支持进行进一步培训。
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引用次数: 0
‘There’s a lot on my shoulders’ – occupational therapists’ experience of stress and burnout in mental healthcare settings in Gauteng, South Africa “我肩上的担子很多”——南非豪登省精神保健机构的职业治疗师在压力和倦怠方面的经验
4区 医学 Q3 REHABILITATION Pub Date : 2023-10-30 DOI: 10.1177/03080226231206678
Francesca Unity Weir, Enos M. Ramano, Raashmi Balbadhur
Introduction: South African occupational therapists, working in mental healthcare, are exposed to chronic stress; this can lead to their experiencing symptoms of burnout. There has been a call for research to explore the experiences of stress and burnout that occupational therapists encounter whilst working in different contexts, and this article presents findings from a study focused on the field of mental healthcare in Gauteng, South Africa. Methods: Thirteen occupational therapists participated in the study using qualitative and descriptive methods. The study sample was selected using purposive and snowball sampling. Data were collected via online focus group discussions and underwent thematic analysis according to open coding. Findings: This article presents the findings of theme one, as part of a greater dissemination of findings, where the participants described their stress and burnout as a personal psychological experience. This involved the experience of emotional burden, strained interpersonal relationships and feelings of failure. The participants perceived their stress as a fluctuating experience and, a portion of the participants, felt that they had experienced burnout. Conclusion: The negative personal psychological impact of stress and burnout on occupational therapists working in South Africa, in the field of mental healthcare, has been well indicated in the study.
导言:从事精神保健工作的南非职业治疗师面临慢性压力;这可能会导致他们经历倦怠的症状。有一项研究呼吁探索职业治疗师在不同背景下工作时遇到的压力和倦怠的经历,本文提出了一项研究的结果,该研究集中在南非豪登省的精神卫生保健领域。方法:采用定性和描述性方法对13名职业治疗师进行研究。研究样本的选择采用目的抽样和滚雪球抽样。通过在线焦点小组讨论收集数据,并根据开放编码进行专题分析。研究结果:这篇文章展示了主题一的研究结果,作为研究结果更广泛传播的一部分,参与者将他们的压力和倦怠描述为个人心理体验。这包括情感负担、紧张的人际关系和失败的感觉。参与者认为他们的压力是一种波动的经历,一部分参与者觉得他们已经经历了倦怠。结论:压力和倦怠对在南非工作的职业治疗师的负面个人心理影响,在精神卫生保健领域,已经在研究中得到了很好的表明。
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引用次数: 0
What Next? Learning from the findings of the Royal College of Occupational Therapists workforce survey 2022–2023 下一个什么?从皇家职业治疗师学院2022-2023年劳动力调查的结果中学习
4区 医学 Q3 REHABILITATION Pub Date : 2023-10-15 DOI: 10.1177/03080226231206679
Lauren Walker
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引用次数: 0
How close family members contribute to the occupational experiences of their relatives with dementia in long-term residential care: An interpretative phenomenological analysis 亲密的家庭成员对长期住院护理中痴呆亲属的职业经历有何贡献:解释性现象学分析
4区 医学 Q3 REHABILITATION Pub Date : 2023-10-15 DOI: 10.1177/03080226231201741
Emma Woodhall, Sarah Shaw
Introduction: This research examines how close family members consider themselves to contribute to the activities, routines and occupational identity of their elderly relatives with dementia who reside in long-term residential care, and the factors that support or challenge their involvement. Method: Five participants engaged in a single semi-structured interview, which were analysed utilising interpretative phenomenological analysis. Results: Close family members contributed to their relatives’ occupational experiences by being vigilant and advocating to rectify perceived deficits in care home staff’s provision of activity; providing their relatives with personalised, hands-on support to access more frequent and higher-quality opportunities for occupational participation and engagement; and maintaining their relatives’ occupational identity. Conclusion: Close family members promote frequent opportunities for meaningful occupational participation and engagement for their relatives, and potentially mitigate the extent of occupational injustice that their relatives experience. Accordingly, health and social care staff should enhance close family members’ efforts by developing constructive partnerships with close family members and providing close family members with caregiver training.
导言:本研究探讨了家庭成员对长期居住护理的老年痴呆亲属的活动、日常活动和职业认同的贡献程度,以及支持或挑战他们参与的因素。方法:五名参与者进行了一次半结构化访谈,利用解释现象学分析对其进行了分析。结果:近亲属通过警惕和倡导纠正养老院工作人员提供活动的感知缺陷,对其亲属的职业体验做出了贡献;为他们的亲属提供个性化的实际支持,以获得更频繁和更高质量的职业参与和参与机会;维护亲属的职业身份。结论:亲密的家庭成员为其亲属提供了更多有意义的职业参与和参与的机会,并可能减轻其亲属所经历的职业不公正程度。因此,保健和社会护理工作人员应加强亲密家庭成员的努力,与亲密家庭成员建立建设性的伙伴关系,并向亲密家庭成员提供照顾者培训。
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引用次数: 0
The effectiveness of home modifications on the risk of falling in older adults with dementia: A randomized clinical trial 家居改造对老年痴呆患者跌倒风险的影响:一项随机临床试验
4区 医学 Q3 REHABILITATION Pub Date : 2023-10-15 DOI: 10.1177/03080226231201739
Hamid Dalvand, Hamed Setoudeh, Alireza Namazi Shabestari, Zahra Vahabi, Amir Almasi-Hashiani
Introduction: This study aimed to investigate the effectiveness of modifying the home environment on falls in older adults with dementia. Methods: In this single-blind clinical trial study, 44 older adult patients with dementia who met the inclusion criteria, were included in the study and then randomly assigned to intervention ( n = 22) and control ( n = 22) groups using a balanced block randomization method. The intervention group received home modifications, while the control group did not receive any modifications. After intervention, The HOME Fall and Accident Screening Tool was used to assess falls. The ethics committee of Tehran University of Medical Sciences approved the study procedure (IR.TUMS.FNM.REC.1399.163) and this study was registered in the Iranian Registry of Clinical Trials with the code: IRCT20210106049950N1. Results: Comparing the mean fall risk scores between the two groups at the beginning of the study showed no significant difference in the risk of falling ( p = 0.6). By contrast, at the end of the study, this difference became significant between groups ( p < 0.001). This comparison in the control group at the beginning and end of the study indicated no significant difference ( p = 0.32). However, it was significant in the intervention group at the beginning of the study and after modifications ( p < 0.001). Conclusion: Modifications by applying changes and reforms to the home environment reduced the risk of falling in older adults with dementia.
本研究旨在探讨改变家庭环境对老年痴呆患者跌倒的影响。方法:本研究采用单盲临床试验方法,将44例符合纳入标准的老年痴呆患者纳入研究,采用平衡块随机法随机分为干预组(n = 22)和对照组(n = 22)。干预组接受家庭改造,对照组不接受任何改造。干预后,使用HOME跌倒和事故筛查工具评估跌倒。德黑兰医科大学伦理委员会批准了研究程序(IR.TUMS.FNM.REC.1399.163),并在伊朗临床试验登记处注册,代码为:IRCT20210106049950N1。结果:比较两组患者在研究开始时的平均跌倒危险评分,两组患者的跌倒危险无显著差异(p = 0.6)。相比之下,在研究结束时,两组之间的差异变得显著(p <0.001)。在研究开始和结束时与对照组比较,差异无统计学意义(p = 0.32)。然而,在研究开始时和修改后,干预组有显著性差异(p <0.001)。结论:通过对家庭环境进行改变和改革,可以降低老年痴呆患者跌倒的风险。
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引用次数: 0
The lived experiences of adults with learning disabilities: Taking part in a community gardening group 有学习障碍的成年人的生活经历:参加社区园艺小组
4区 医学 Q3 REHABILITATION Pub Date : 2023-09-23 DOI: 10.1177/03080226231198340
Charlotte Jones, Kathryn Jarvis, Heather Stewart
Introduction: People with Learning disabilities (LD) are marginalised within society and experience reduced occupational participation compared to the general population. Research exploring the lived experiences of adults with LD is limited. Gardening has a long history as an Occupational Therapy (OT) intervention with evidence of its benefits for well-being. Yet, previous work with adults with LD has focused on the perspective of the practitioner and has failed to address participant experience. This study aimed to understand the lived experiences of people with LD taking part in a gardening group. Methods: Adults with LD, participating in a charity-run gardening group were recruited to a qualitative, phenomenological study. With consent, participants engaged in a semi-structured interview exploring their experiences of being a member of the gardening group. Thematic analysis was utilised to interpret the results. Results: Seven interviews were completed. Four main themes indicated that the gardening group helped aid relaxation, provided sense of achievement, developed practical and social skills, and was a lifeline to make friendships. Conclusions: OTs should utilise these findings to inform practice and reduce occupation deprivation. Future research should explore how environment, activities and participation time, impact the occupation of gardening for adults with a LD.
与一般人群相比,有学习障碍(LD)的人在社会中处于边缘地位,并且经历着较少的职业参与。对成年LD患者生活经历的研究是有限的。园艺作为一种职业治疗(OT)干预有着悠久的历史,有证据表明它对健康有益。然而,以前对成人学习障碍的研究主要集中在实践者的视角上,未能解决参与者的经验问题。本研究旨在了解参加园艺小组的残疾人士的生活经验。方法:招募参加慈善园艺小组的成年LD患者进行定性现象学研究。在征得同意的情况下,参与者参与了一个半结构化的访谈,探讨他们作为园艺小组成员的经历。主题分析被用来解释结果。结果:共完成7次访谈。四个主要主题表明,园艺小组有助于帮助放松,提供成就感,发展实践和社交技能,并且是建立友谊的生命线。结论:外籍医生应该利用这些发现来指导实践,减少职业剥夺。未来的研究应探讨环境、活动和参与时间如何影响LD成人的园艺职业。
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引用次数: 0
Caregiving occupations, health and well-being of Chinese mothers of children with disabilities living in Australia, Singapore and Taiwan 居住在澳大利亚、新加坡和台湾的华裔残疾儿童母亲的看护职业、健康和福祉
4区 医学 Q3 REHABILITATION Pub Date : 2023-09-22 DOI: 10.1177/03080226231197308
So Sin Sim, Helen Bourke-Taylor, Mong-Lin Yu, Ellie Fossey, Loredana Tirlea
Introduction: Mothers of children with disabilities report increased maternal stress, compromised mental health and reduced leisure and social participation compared with other mothers. The aim of the study was to explore the similarities and differences between three groups of Chinese mothers of children with disabilities in their caregiving occupations and selected maternal variables. Methods: An online survey collected mothers’ demography, caregiving occupations and six maternal measures: frequency in participation in health promoting activities, mental well-being, personal well-being, psychological distress, perceived support and perceived stigma. Descriptive and inferential statistics were used to investigate group similarities and differences, and detect associations between variables. Results: The survey responses of Chinese mothers ( N = 261) from Australia ( n = 80), Singapore ( n = 95) and Taiwan ( n = 86) were analysed. Similarities and differences in caregiving occupations were found between groups. The Kruskal–Wallis test showed no differences in maternal variables between groups. There were associations found between some caregiving occupations and maternal variables when mothers were analysed as a single group. Conclusion: The health and well-being of mothers of children with disabilities may be influenced more by their cultural similarities than differences in their socio-political environments. Recognising cultural influences on caregiving occupations is crucial in the delivery of culturally competent and culturally intelligent practice.
导言:残疾儿童的母亲报告说,与其他母亲相比,母亲压力增加,心理健康受损,休闲和社会参与减少。本研究的目的是探讨三组中国残疾儿童母亲在照顾职业和选择的母亲变量方面的异同。方法:一项在线调查收集了母亲的人口统计、护理职业和六项产妇措施:参加健康促进活动的频率、精神健康、个人幸福感、心理困扰、感知支持和感知耻辱。描述性和推断性统计用于调查群体的相似性和差异性,并检测变量之间的关联。结果:对来自澳大利亚(80例)、新加坡(95例)和台湾(86例)的中国母亲(261例)的调查结果进行分析。不同群体在看护职业上的相似点和不同点也被发现。Kruskal-Wallis检验显示各组之间的母体变量没有差异。当将母亲作为一个单一群体进行分析时,发现一些看护职业和母亲变量之间存在关联。结论:残疾儿童母亲的健康和幸福可能更多地受到其文化相似性的影响,而不是其社会政治环境的差异。认识到文化对护理职业的影响对于提供具有文化能力和文化智慧的实践至关重要。
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引用次数: 0
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British Journal of Occupational Therapy
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