Canadian Journal of Occupational Therapy-Revue Canadienne D Ergotherapie最新文献

Background. Placements are key contexts for occupational therapy students to connect theoretical knowledge (theory) with practice. Theory relates to the prevailing ideas and concepts used by a profession. It can be derived within and outside the profession (discipline-specific knowledge and related knowledge, respectively). Purpose. This scoping review aimed to identify what is known about the nature of theoretical knowledge used in occupational therapy practice education. Method. A search of 4 electronic databases identified 19 relevant publications, data from which was extracted deductively. Findings. Inconsistent descriptions related to discipline-specific knowledge while related knowledge was often presented as not integrated with, or complementing, discipline-specific knowledge. Some authors referred to educational knowledge and methods informing student's theory use during placements. Implications. Educational methods need to provide a foundational platform, enabling novice learners to structure their thinking about ways discipline-specific and related knowledge can be used within an occupational framework on placement.

Background. Preserving fidelity ascertains that the intervention is delivered as intended in occupational therapy (OT) contexts. The process of conceptualizing and developing fidelity standards, however, is seldom documented in the existing literature. Purpose. The purpose of this methodological description paper was to (a) describe the process of generating a comprehensive fidelity plan based on the National Institutes of Health Behavioral Change Consortium's five-domain fidelity framework and (b) evaluate the development process and utility of the end product, the Occupation-Based Coaching (OBC) Fidelity Protocol. Key Issues. There is no known research that documents the process of developing fidelity standards and tools to support the OBC intervention. Implications. The OBC Fidelity Protocol proposes an example of how a comprehensive fidelity plan and tools can be developed from a well-established scientific framework. This can also inform OT practitioners and researchers to deliver OBC sessions with consistency across clients, providers, and interventions/studies.

Background. Occupational therapists support workers who have experienced a mental health issue in their return-to-work process, but can also support the maintenance of long-term healthy participation. Little scientific literature exists to understand this emerging role. Purpose. To describe occupational therapists' interventions with respect to enabling workers to maintain their mental health. Method. Using a descriptive qualitative design, interviews were conducted with 19 occupational therapists working in socioprofessional rehabilitation. Findings. Occupational therapists reported to implemente 31 interventions, devided in eight categories. These interventions were mainly focused on the workers themselves; those involving the environment were less developed. Implications. The interventions described with specificity offer concrete levers that occupational therapists can use in their practice. However, research is needed to evaluate the effectiveness of these interventions.

Background. Substance Use Disorder can impede parent-child relationships. The Theory of Ambiguous Loss provides a structure for occupational therapy practitioners in developing interventions to support the parent-child relationship. Purpose. This study explores the roles of parents of adult children diagnosed with Substance Use Disorder in the context of the Theory of Ambiguous Loss. Method. Volunteer participants were recruited from three urban parental support groups. Inclusion criteria were involved in a support group and having an adult child diagnosed with Substance Use Disorder. Eight mothers and one father participated in semi-structured interviews using a phenomenological approach. Themes and structural descriptions were developed. Findings. Five themes were identified: hopeful coping, occupational interference, changes in social constructs and participation, burdenful caregiving and receiving, and blending of occupations. Themes offer intervention considerations for occupational therapy. Implications. Research provides additional conceptual consideration to build occupation-centered interventions for parents and their adult children in Substance Use Disorder recovery.

Background. Purpose in life is important to health and well-being; purpose disruption often goes unidentified after breast cancer. Purpose. To evaluate the efficacy of a purpose renewal intervention and utility of a screening question for identifying people with purpose-related distress. Method. In this prospective pretest-posttest study, participants with breast cancer received an 8-session purpose renewal group intervention (n = 35). Participants completed standardized measures of meaning and purpose at pretest, posttest, and two-month follow-up and a forced-choice Purpose Status Question (PSQ) at pretest. Findings. Participants made statistically significant pretest-to-posttest and pretest-to-follow-up improvements. The PSQ demonstrated construct validity: 40% of participants lacked purpose direction at pretest and this subgroup made significantly greater improvements than participants who reported purpose direction at pretest. Implications. The PSQ warrants further study as a screener to identify people with purpose-related distress. Many breast cancer survivors may benefit from a purpose in life intervention; a subgroup may benefit more.

Background. Adults aging with intellectual disability (ID) face barriers to engagement in occupation. Greater understanding of factors that affect engagement in work and leisure occupations is required to support occupational engagement in this population. Purpose. Identify predictors of engagement in work and leisure occupations for adults aging with an ID, and consider implications for occupational therapy practice. Method. Data from wave 2 of the Intellectual Disability Supplement to the Irish Longitudinal Study on Aging (IDS-TILDA) was analyzed using regression analysis to identify predictors of engagement in work and leisure occupations for adults aging with an ID. Findings. Adults who had difficulty getting around their home environment, poor physical health, or older age were less likely to engage in work and leisure activities. Implications. Occupational therapists can support adults aging with ID to age in place. Occupation-focused health promotion could enhance well-being through engagement in occupation.

Background. Poverty disproportionally affects persons with disabilities, elderly individuals and racialized groups. Leisure, play and rest are not prioritized in either services for or research with people living in poverty. Purpose. This study aims to examine the facilitators and barriers to participation in meaningful leisure activities for adults living in poverty. Method. We used community-based participatory research and art-based elicitation strategies with 39 service users at a food security organization. Findings. Individuals experiencing poverty value and engage in a variety of free and affordable leisure activities, but they are not afforded the necessary leisure opportunities, accommodations and supports as the general population. We co-created a map of local leisure resources to foster collective capacity in leisure planning, and to support organizations working with this population. Implications. Occupational therapists can work alongside members of underserved communities to uncover and address the systemic and local contextual barriers to engagement in leisure activities.