Abdulwahab Abdulrazaq Jbara, Noora Dhyaaldain Abed, Shahad Abdul Jabbar Mohammed
General Background: The welding industry is associated with significant health risks due to occupational exposure to heavy metals. Specific Background: Workers in this industry are particularly vulnerable to toxic metals such as lead, cadmium, copper, iron, and zinc, which can lead to severe health issues. Knowledge Gap: There is limited data on the specific health risks and heavy metal concentrations in welders' blood serum in Diyala Governorate, Iraq. Aims: This study aims to identify the primary health risks associated with welding-related heavy metal exposure and to explore strategies to mitigate these risks. Methods: The study was conducted in several industrial areas in Diyala Governorate, where blood samples were collected from 40 welders and 40 control participants (employees and students from Diyala University). An atomic absorption spectrophotometer was used to measure heavy metal concentrations in blood serum. Results: Statistical analysis revealed significant differences in heavy metal levels between welders and the control group (P Value < 0.05), indicating higher exposure among welders. However, no significant differences were found within welder subgroups based on age, smoking status, and duration of exposure. Novelty: This study provides the first comprehensive assessment of heavy metal exposure among welders in Diyala Governorate, highlighting the urgent need for improved protective measures. Implications: The findings underscore the necessity for environmental and health authorities to implement rapid interventions to protect welders from heavy metal toxicity. Current protective measures are inadequate, as evidenced by elevated levels of lead, cadmium, nickel, and zinc in welders' blood serum. Enhanced protective practices and stricter regulations are critical to reducing these occupational health risks. Highlights: 1. Higher levels of heavy metals found in welders' blood compared to controls.2. No significant differences among welder subgroups by age, smoking, exposure duration.3. Urgent need for better protective measures and interventions in welding industry. Keywords: Welding industry, heavy metals, occupational exposure, health risks, Diyala Governorate
{"title":"Evaluation of Health Risks in the Blood Serum of People Working in the Welding Industry as a Result of Exposure to Heavy Metals in Diyala Governorate / Iraq","authors":"Abdulwahab Abdulrazaq Jbara, Noora Dhyaaldain Abed, Shahad Abdul Jabbar Mohammed","doi":"10.21070/pels.v7i0.1667","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21070/pels.v7i0.1667","url":null,"abstract":"General Background: The welding industry is associated with significant health risks due to occupational exposure to heavy metals. Specific Background: Workers in this industry are particularly vulnerable to toxic metals such as lead, cadmium, copper, iron, and zinc, which can lead to severe health issues. Knowledge Gap: There is limited data on the specific health risks and heavy metal concentrations in welders' blood serum in Diyala Governorate, Iraq. Aims: This study aims to identify the primary health risks associated with welding-related heavy metal exposure and to explore strategies to mitigate these risks. Methods: The study was conducted in several industrial areas in Diyala Governorate, where blood samples were collected from 40 welders and 40 control participants (employees and students from Diyala University). An atomic absorption spectrophotometer was used to measure heavy metal concentrations in blood serum. Results: Statistical analysis revealed significant differences in heavy metal levels between welders and the control group (P Value < 0.05), indicating higher exposure among welders. However, no significant differences were found within welder subgroups based on age, smoking status, and duration of exposure. Novelty: This study provides the first comprehensive assessment of heavy metal exposure among welders in Diyala Governorate, highlighting the urgent need for improved protective measures. Implications: The findings underscore the necessity for environmental and health authorities to implement rapid interventions to protect welders from heavy metal toxicity. Current protective measures are inadequate, as evidenced by elevated levels of lead, cadmium, nickel, and zinc in welders' blood serum. Enhanced protective practices and stricter regulations are critical to reducing these occupational health risks. \u0000Highlights: \u00001. Higher levels of heavy metals found in welders' blood compared to controls.2. No significant differences among welder subgroups by age, smoking, exposure duration.3. Urgent need for better protective measures and interventions in welding industry. \u0000Keywords: Welding industry, heavy metals, occupational exposure, health risks, Diyala Governorate","PeriodicalId":491073,"journal":{"name":"Procedia of Engineering and Life Science","volume":"46 26","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141663724","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
This Field Work Practice (PKL) aims to find out the production process, especially processed fish tofu at PT. Indo Lautan Makmur. PKL was carried out on September 1, 2023 to September 30, 2023 at PT. Indo Lautan Makmur Sidoarjo Regency, East Java. The methods used in this field work practice are observation, interviews, field practice, dan literature study. PT. Indo Lautan Makmur is a food company that produces processed products from sea fish. The production process of processed fish tofu uses the main raw material surimi mixed with other supporting ingredients such as liquid ISP, tapioca folur, palm oil, ice water, flavouring, sugar, pepper, salt, white butter, and STTP. The sequence of production of processed fish tofu starts with the preparation of surimi, followed by the process of kneading, molding, boiling I, boiling II, cooling I, cutting, frying, cooling II, freezing, packaging, and then storing. The practical results show that process of processed fish tofu is in accordance with Good Manufacturing Practice (GMP) standards
{"title":"Production Process of Premium Processed Fish in the Form of Tofu (Fish Tofu) at PT. Indo Lautan Makmur Sidoarjo Regency, East Java","authors":"Danya Mozza Elshiva, Rima Azara, Cakra Laksana","doi":"10.21070/pels.v7i0.1511","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21070/pels.v7i0.1511","url":null,"abstract":"This Field Work Practice (PKL) aims to find out the production process, especially processed fish tofu at PT. Indo Lautan Makmur. PKL was carried out on September 1, 2023 to September 30, 2023 at PT. Indo Lautan Makmur Sidoarjo Regency, East Java. The methods used in this field work practice are observation, interviews, field practice, dan literature study. PT. Indo Lautan Makmur is a food company that produces processed products from sea fish. The production process of processed fish tofu uses the main raw material surimi mixed with other supporting ingredients such as liquid ISP, tapioca folur, palm oil, ice water, flavouring, sugar, pepper, salt, white butter, and STTP. The sequence of production of processed fish tofu starts with the preparation of surimi, followed by the process of kneading, molding, boiling I, boiling II, cooling I, cutting, frying, cooling II, freezing, packaging, and then storing. The practical results show that process of processed fish tofu is in accordance with Good Manufacturing Practice (GMP) standards","PeriodicalId":491073,"journal":{"name":"Procedia of Engineering and Life Science","volume":"5 12","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140227418","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Drinking water is good water and can be in natural form or processed like sea water for desalination, itmust meet the drinking water standards set. Drinking water standards are divided into ordinary water, mineral water, natural mineral water and bottled water. AMDK is drinking water that has been treated, packaged and is safe for direct consumption in accordance with industrial standards in Indonesia. Manufacturing machines including glass, bottle and gallon filling machines often experience product defects outside the planned schedule and machine damage causes production to stop, thereby reducing machine performance and suggestions and input for improvements so that it can run as desired.
{"title":"Analysis of The Causes of Defects In Products in Cup Filing Machines","authors":"Moch Miqdar Efendi, P. H. Tjahjanti","doi":"10.21070/pels.v7i0.1514","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21070/pels.v7i0.1514","url":null,"abstract":"Drinking water is good water and can be in natural form or processed like sea water for desalination, itmust meet the drinking water standards set. Drinking water standards are divided into ordinary water, mineral water, natural mineral water and bottled water. AMDK is drinking water that has been treated, packaged and is safe for direct consumption in accordance with industrial standards in Indonesia. Manufacturing machines including glass, bottle and gallon filling machines often experience product defects outside the planned schedule and machine damage causes production to stop, thereby reducing machine performance and suggestions and input for improvements so that it can run as desired.","PeriodicalId":491073,"journal":{"name":"Procedia of Engineering and Life Science","volume":"8 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140224531","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Stretch blow molding is a manufacturing method used in making hollow plastic products using polymer plastic with rotational symmetry. This method, which has been popular since the 1970s, is usually used to make PET bottle products for soft drinks and mineral water to liquid detergent. In the production process of 330 ml plastic water bottles using a stretch blow machine molding with a pneumatic system, making products usingThis machine has factors that can affect the quality of the bottles produced. Size deviation (even distribution of bottle thickness and bottle slope) not in accordance with specifications resulting in bottles with white shoulders and flanged (shrinkage). The aim of this research is to optimize the settings stretch blow molding machine parameters to produce good quality 330 ml plastic water bottle product. The variables (predictors) chosen are: preblow (bar), preform temperature (ºC), and P1 point (mm).
{"title":"Handling Analysis of Short Shot Defects From Stretch Blow Molding Machine On 330 Ml Bottle Case Study At PT. Tirtamas Lestari (Amdk Total)","authors":"Wistyo Nugroho Nugroho, A’rasy Fahruddin","doi":"10.21070/pels.v7i0.1519","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21070/pels.v7i0.1519","url":null,"abstract":"Stretch blow molding is a manufacturing method used in making hollow plastic products using polymer plastic with rotational symmetry. This method, which has been popular since the 1970s, is usually used to make PET bottle products for soft drinks and mineral water to liquid detergent. In the production process of 330 ml plastic water bottles using a stretch blow machine molding with a pneumatic system, making products usingThis machine has factors that can affect the quality of the bottles produced. Size deviation (even distribution of bottle thickness and bottle slope) not in accordance with specifications resulting in bottles with white shoulders and flanged (shrinkage). The aim of this research is to optimize the settings stretch blow molding machine parameters to produce good quality 330 ml plastic water bottle product. The variables (predictors) chosen are: preblow (bar), preform temperature (ºC), and P1 point (mm).","PeriodicalId":491073,"journal":{"name":"Procedia of Engineering and Life Science","volume":"22 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140225684","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The ATS (Authomatic Transfer Switch) transmission system is a power supply system with a system where if there is a disturbance or failure in the main power source it will automatically switch to a backup power source so that the electricity distribution system meets the needs. We conducted research by observing and simulating to find out how the ATS (Authomatic Transfer Switch) transmission system works. The research results show that the ATS (Authomatic Transfer Switch) system is very effective for transmission because it has an automatic system that can minimize the time the electricity stops. This discovery has important implications for the management of distributed power networks, especially in improving responsiveness to power outages and minimizing downtime. Even though the ATS (Authomatic Transfer Switch) system has many advantages, this system still has shortcomings which if not paid attention to will have an impact. Highlights: Seamless Power Switching: ATS guarantees uninterrupted power by swiftly transitioning to backup during outages. Resilient Network: Research underscores ATS effectiveness in minimizing downtime, crucial for robust power distribution. Addressing Limitations: Despite benefits, vigilance is needed to mitigate potential shortcomings for sustained system reliability. Keywords: ATS (Automatic Transfer Switch), Power Supply System, Backup Power
{"title":"ATS Transmission System as Booster Power Supplier for PDAM Delta Tirta Sidoarjo","authors":"Dwi Hadidjaja, Farid Setyo Pamungkas","doi":"10.21070/pels.v7i0.1552","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21070/pels.v7i0.1552","url":null,"abstract":"The ATS (Authomatic Transfer Switch) transmission system is a power supply system with a system where if there is a disturbance or failure in the main power source it will automatically switch to a backup power source so that the electricity distribution system meets the needs. We conducted research by observing and simulating to find out how the ATS (Authomatic Transfer Switch) transmission system works. The research results show that the ATS (Authomatic Transfer Switch) system is very effective for transmission because it has an automatic system that can minimize the time the electricity stops. This discovery has important implications for the management of distributed power networks, especially in improving responsiveness to power outages and minimizing downtime. Even though the ATS (Authomatic Transfer Switch) system has many advantages, this system still has shortcomings which if not paid attention to will have an impact. \u0000Highlights: \u0000 \u0000 \u0000Seamless Power Switching: ATS guarantees uninterrupted power by swiftly transitioning to backup during outages. \u0000 \u0000 \u0000Resilient Network: Research underscores ATS effectiveness in minimizing downtime, crucial for robust power distribution. \u0000 \u0000 \u0000Addressing Limitations: Despite benefits, vigilance is needed to mitigate potential shortcomings for sustained system reliability. \u0000 \u0000 \u0000Keywords: ATS (Automatic Transfer Switch), Power Supply System, Backup Power","PeriodicalId":491073,"journal":{"name":"Procedia of Engineering and Life Science","volume":"23 31","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140226245","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The aim of this research is to determine the use of the Yamaha F100B outboard engine as a propulsion for the Rinca and Bawean survey boats. The research was carried out within one month, namely August to September 2023. This research was carried out using practical field work methods. The variables in this research were the specification,work process, fuel efficiency system, superiority, and environmental impact. The method in this research uses the observation method, namely the method of collecting data by recording directly while in the field. The research results show that the use of a Yamaha F100B outboard motor as a propulsion is able to provide adequate thrust for the survey vessel, with efficient fuel consumption. In the context of survey vessels, the reliability and speed of these motors are important factors in supporting successful marine survey operations.
{"title":"Use Of The Yamaha F100B Outboard Engine As a Populsion On The Rinca and Bawean Survey Boats","authors":"Rizky Dwi Aldiantofas, Ali Akbar","doi":"10.21070/pels.v7i0.1520","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21070/pels.v7i0.1520","url":null,"abstract":"The aim of this research is to determine the use of the Yamaha F100B outboard engine as a propulsion for the Rinca and Bawean survey boats. The research was carried out within one month, namely August to September 2023. This research was carried out using practical field work methods. The variables in this research were the specification,work process, fuel efficiency system, superiority, and environmental impact. The method in this research uses the observation method, namely the method of collecting data by recording directly while in the field. The research results show that the use of a Yamaha F100B outboard motor as a propulsion is able to provide adequate thrust for the survey vessel, with efficient fuel consumption. In the context of survey vessels, the reliability and speed of these motors are important factors in supporting successful marine survey operations.","PeriodicalId":491073,"journal":{"name":"Procedia of Engineering and Life Science","volume":"28 22","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140226728","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Superheaters play an important role in converting saturated steam to the point of superheating. The condition of the superheater needs to be considered, if there is rust it will reduce the performance of the superheater in heating steam to the point of superheat. Rust / corrosion is the enemy of dangerous metals. Corrosion is defined as a deterioration in the quality of metals due to electrochemical reactions with their environment In corrosion events, metals undergo oxidation, while oxygen (air) undergoes reduction. The corrosion event itself is an electrochemical process, which is a process (change / chemical reaction) that involves electricity. Certain parts of the metal act as the negative pole (negative electrode, anode), while the other part acts as the positive pole (positive electrode, cathode). Electrons flow from the anode to the cathode, resulting in corrosion. By calculating the corrosion rate of superheaters with material A-213 T22 can be a consideration for using materials that are more resistant to rust or become a consideration in estimating repair time.
{"title":"Corrosion Rate Analysis of Steam Boiler Superheater","authors":"Satria Agung Wibisono, A’rasy Fahruddin","doi":"10.21070/pels.v7i0.1513","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21070/pels.v7i0.1513","url":null,"abstract":"Superheaters play an important role in converting saturated steam to the point of superheating. The condition of the superheater needs to be considered, if there is rust it will reduce the performance of the superheater in heating steam to the point of superheat. Rust / corrosion is the enemy of dangerous metals. Corrosion is defined as a deterioration in the quality of metals due to electrochemical reactions with their environment In corrosion events, metals undergo oxidation, while oxygen (air) undergoes reduction. The corrosion event itself is an electrochemical process, which is a process (change / chemical reaction) that involves electricity. Certain parts of the metal act as the negative pole (negative electrode, anode), while the other part acts as the positive pole (positive electrode, cathode). Electrons flow from the anode to the cathode, resulting in corrosion. By calculating the corrosion rate of superheaters with material A-213 T22 can be a consideration for using materials that are more resistant to rust or become a consideration in estimating repair time.","PeriodicalId":491073,"journal":{"name":"Procedia of Engineering and Life Science","volume":"60 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140224180","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The production process is a way, method and technique for creating or increasing the usefulness of a good or service using existing resources (labor, machines, materials, funds). CV. Tiga Karya Persada Indonesia is a company that focuses on the steel processing industry sector. This company's specialization includes making various products, such as fences, canopies, stairs, and building structures such as warehouses and housing. The purpose of carrying out this activity is to observe the production process of making fences and analyze the production process using a production process map (Operation Process Chart) and Bill of Materials. Based on field observations using the production process map at CV. It can be seen from Tiga Karya Persada Indonesia that making 1 fence takes a total of 795 minutes, consisting of 6 operational processes with a total time of 630 minutes and there are 8 inspection processes with a total time of 165 minutes.
生产流程是利用现有资源（劳动力、机器、材料、资金）创造或提高商品或服务效用的方式、方法和技术。简历Tiga Karya Persada Indonesia 是一家专注于钢铁加工业的公司。该公司的专业领域包括制造各种产品，如栅栏、雨篷、楼梯以及仓库和住房等建筑结构。开展这项活动的目的是观察围栏的生产流程，并使用生产流程图（操作流程图）和物料清单分析生产流程。根据在 CV 公司使用生产流程图进行的实地观察。从 Tiga Karya Persada Indonesia 中可以看出，制作 1 个栅栏总共需要 795 分钟，其中包括 6 个操作流程，总时间为 630 分钟，还有 8 个检查流程，总时间为 165 分钟。
{"title":"Steel Processing Production Process At Cv. Tiga Karya Persada Indonesia","authors":"Rizky Yulianto, Boy Isma Putra","doi":"10.21070/pels.v7i0.1515","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21070/pels.v7i0.1515","url":null,"abstract":"The production process is a way, method and technique for creating or increasing the usefulness of a good or service using existing resources (labor, machines, materials, funds). CV. Tiga Karya Persada Indonesia is a company that focuses on the steel processing industry sector. This company's specialization includes making various products, such as fences, canopies, stairs, and building structures such as warehouses and housing. The purpose of carrying out this activity is to observe the production process of making fences and analyze the production process using a production process map (Operation Process Chart) and Bill of Materials. Based on field observations using the production process map at CV. It can be seen from Tiga Karya Persada Indonesia that making 1 fence takes a total of 795 minutes, consisting of 6 operational processes with a total time of 630 minutes and there are 8 inspection processes with a total time of 165 minutes.","PeriodicalId":491073,"journal":{"name":"Procedia of Engineering and Life Science","volume":"13 14","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140227319","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Boiler is a closed vessel made of steel that functions to produce steam and is used for heating, turbine drive and so on. Good boiler use and maintenance will make boiler efficiency higher and save operational costs in general. Boiler condition at PT. SPM Perangin-angin has decreased performance and if left continuously will experience damage which will eventually cause downtime losses. Problems that arise due to this downtime include production delays, loss of effective time to produce so that it affects company productivity. The results showed that the lowest availability ratio value occurred in August 2023, this was due to a high total downtime of 4610 minutes due to trouble and waiting time of 1920 minutes for recovery. Performance efficiency ratio of the amount of fuel used is high at 35 Kg/cm3 due to recovery from the beginning. The rate of quality of the machine shows good results, this is because there is no reject that occurs. Highlights: Maintenance crucial for boiler efficiency and cost savings. Downtime leads to production delays and financial losses. Performance metrics indicate operational reliability and effectiveness. Keywords : Boiler, Maintenance, Operating Time
{"title":"Analysis of Boiler Maintenance System at PT. SPM","authors":"Rendy Rakhmad Fakhrizi, Mulyadi Mulyadi","doi":"10.21070/pels.v7i0.1554","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21070/pels.v7i0.1554","url":null,"abstract":"Boiler is a closed vessel made of steel that functions to produce steam and is used for heating, turbine drive and so on. Good boiler use and maintenance will make boiler efficiency higher and save operational costs in general. Boiler condition at PT. SPM Perangin-angin has decreased performance and if left continuously will experience damage which will eventually cause downtime losses. Problems that arise due to this downtime include production delays, loss of effective time to produce so that it affects company productivity. The results showed that the lowest availability ratio value occurred in August 2023, this was due to a high total downtime of 4610 minutes due to trouble and waiting time of 1920 minutes for recovery. Performance efficiency ratio of the amount of fuel used is high at 35 Kg/cm3 due to recovery from the beginning. The rate of quality of the machine shows good results, this is because there is no reject that occurs. \u0000Highlights: \u0000 \u0000Maintenance crucial for boiler efficiency and cost savings. \u0000Downtime leads to production delays and financial losses. \u0000Performance metrics indicate operational reliability and effectiveness. \u0000 \u0000Keywords : Boiler, Maintenance, Operating Time","PeriodicalId":491073,"journal":{"name":"Procedia of Engineering and Life Science","volume":"32 13","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140226353","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Abstract. The steam turbine as the prime mover converts steam energy into kinetic energy and kinetic energy is further converted into mechanical energy in the form of rotation of the shaft turbine. Turbines as generator drives so as to produce electric power that can be used in various industrial fields. The energy required is large and the continuous use of the turbine must operate with sufficient stability for a long time. Turbine efficiency will decrease due to several factors such as errors during operation and duration of maintenance. Based on data obtained from PT. Synergy of Gula Nusantara PG. Kremboong turbine power efficiency will decrease because there are several factors that cause corrosion, erosion and wear and tear on turbine engine components. Steam for turbine drive produced by steam boilers containing dirt or inappropriate water ph can cause scale on the turbine so that the turbine cannot rotate optimally.
摘要作为原动机的蒸汽轮机将蒸汽能转化为动能，动能又以轴旋转的形式进一步转化为机械能。涡轮机作为发电机的驱动装置，可以产生电力，用于各种工业领域。所需的能量很大，涡轮机的连续使用必须在足够稳定的情况下长时间运行。涡轮机的效率会因多种因素而降低，如运行过程中的误差和维护时间的长短。根据从 PT.Synergy of Gula Nusantara PG.Kremboong 公司的数据，涡轮机的发电效率会降低，因为有几个因素会导致涡轮机发动机部件的腐蚀、侵蚀和磨损。蒸汽锅炉产生的用于汽轮机驱动的蒸汽如果含有污垢或不适当的水 ph 值，就会在汽轮机上形成水垢，使汽轮机无法以最佳状态旋转。
{"title":"Analysis of the Causes of Turbine Power Efficiency Decreases","authors":"Ricky Kurniawan, Ali Akbar","doi":"10.21070/pels.v7i0.1517","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21070/pels.v7i0.1517","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract. The steam turbine as the prime mover converts steam energy into kinetic energy and kinetic energy is further converted into mechanical energy in the form of rotation of the shaft turbine. Turbines as generator drives so as to produce electric power that can be used in various industrial fields. The energy required is large and the continuous use of the turbine must operate with sufficient stability for a long time. Turbine efficiency will decrease due to several factors such as errors during operation and duration of maintenance. Based on data obtained from PT. Synergy of Gula Nusantara PG. Kremboong turbine power efficiency will decrease because there are several factors that cause corrosion, erosion and wear and tear on turbine engine components. Steam for turbine drive produced by steam boilers containing dirt or inappropriate water ph can cause scale on the turbine so that the turbine cannot rotate optimally.","PeriodicalId":491073,"journal":{"name":"Procedia of Engineering and Life Science","volume":"25 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140225132","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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