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Treatment patterns and patient journey in progressive pulmonary fibrosis: a cross-sectional survey. 进行性肺纤维化的治疗模式和患者历程:横断面调查。
IF 5.8 2区 医学 Q1 Medicine Pub Date : 2024-10-09 DOI: 10.1186/s12931-024-02995-9
Nazia Chaudhuri, Paolo Spagnolo, Claudia Valenzuela, Valeria C Amatto, Oliver-Thomas Carter, Lauren Lee, Mark Small, Michael Kreuter

Background: For patients with interstitial lung diseases (ILDs) presenting with a progressive pulmonary fibrosis (PPF) phenotype, current knowledge of disease characteristics at diagnosis, patient journey, and treatment is limited. This study aimed to describe demographics and clinical experiences of patients presenting with PPF in a European real-world setting.

Methods: Data were analysed from the Adelphi Real World PPF-ILD Disease Specific Programme™, a cross-sectional survey of pulmonologists and rheumatologists in five European countries (France, Germany, Italy, Spain, United Kingdom) and internal medicine specialists (France) from April to October 2022. Physicians provided data for up to 12 consecutive patients with physician-confirmed ILD with a progressive phenotype other than idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis. Analyses were descriptive.

Results: Overall, 265 physicians reported on 1,335 patients. Mean (standard deviation) age at survey date was 60.4 (11.6) years, 91.2% were white, 58.1% female, 44.0% non-smokers. Most patients (63.3%) first consulted a primary care physician. There was a mean delay of 7.8 (22.7) months between first ILD symptom and healthcare professional visit, and another 7.7 (12.8) months to ILD diagnosis. At survey date, 47.7% of patients had physician-reported moderate ILD, 42.3% had mild ILD and 10.0% had severe ILD. Disease progression was reported in the 12 months prior to the survey for 19.5% of patients; of these, progression was based on worsening symptom in 27.3% and lung function decline in 25.8%. For patients experiencing symptoms prior to ILD diagnosis (72.8%), the most common symptoms were dyspnoea on exertion (80.5%) and cough (57.8%). Overall, 17.4% of patients were misdiagnosed prior to ILD diagnosis, with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease suspected in 39.2% of them. The most frequent comorbidities were anxiety (16.9%) and gastroesophageal reflux (15.5%). Although 77.8% of patients were receiving treatment for ILD at survey date, 15.6% of patients had never been prescribed treatment for ILD.

Conclusions: This real-world study expands our understanding of patients, diagnostic delays and treatment gaps experienced by patients diagnosed with PPF in Europe. There was a mean delay of 15.5 months between first ILD symptoms and ILD diagnosis. Given the progressive nature of PPF, diagnostic delay may lead to poor outcomes, including shorter survival.

Trial registration: N/a.

背景:对于表现为进行性肺纤维化(PPF)表型的间质性肺疾病(ILDs)患者,目前对其诊断时的疾病特征、患者历程和治疗方法的了解十分有限。本研究旨在描述欧洲真实世界中出现进行性肺纤维化的患者的人口统计学特征和临床经验:阿德尔菲真实世界 PPF-ILD 疾病专项计划™(Adelphi Real World PPF-ILD Disease Specific Programme™)于 2022 年 4 月至 10 月期间对欧洲五国(法国、德国、意大利、西班牙、英国)的肺病专家和风湿病专家以及内科专家(法国)进行了横断面调查,对调查数据进行了分析。医生们提供了最多 12 名经医生确诊的连续性 ILD 患者的数据,这些患者具有除特发性肺纤维化以外的进行性表型。分析为描述性分析:共有 265 名医生报告了 1,335 名患者的情况。调查时的平均年龄(标准差)为 60.4 (11.6) 岁,91.2% 为白人,58.1% 为女性,44.0% 不吸烟。大多数患者(63.3%)首先咨询的是初级保健医生。从首次出现 ILD 症状到就诊,平均延迟了 7.8 (22.7) 个月,到确诊 ILD 又延迟了 7.7 (12.8) 个月。在调查日期,47.7% 的患者由医生报告为中度 ILD,42.3% 为轻度 ILD,10.0% 为重度 ILD。据报告,19.5% 的患者在调查前的 12 个月内病情恶化;其中 27.3% 的患者病情恶化是因为症状恶化,25.8% 的患者是因为肺功能下降。在确诊 ILD 之前出现症状的患者(72.8%)中,最常见的症状是用力时呼吸困难(80.5%)和咳嗽(57.8%)。总体而言,有 17.4% 的患者在确诊 ILD 之前被误诊,其中 39.2% 的患者被怀疑患有慢性阻塞性肺病。最常见的合并症是焦虑(16.9%)和胃食管反流(15.5%)。尽管在调查日期,77.8% 的患者正在接受 ILD 治疗,但 15.6% 的患者从未接受过 ILD 治疗:这项真实世界的研究加深了我们对欧洲 PPF 患者、诊断延误和治疗差距的了解。从首次出现 ILD 症状到确诊 ILD,平均延迟了 15.5 个月。鉴于PPF的进展性,诊断延误可能导致不良后果,包括生存期缩短:未注册。
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引用次数: 0
Transmission electron microscopy of transbronchial lung cryobiopsy samples in a cohort of fibrotic interstitial lung disease patients - feasibility and implications of endothelial alterations. 对一组纤维化间质性肺病患者的经支气管肺冷冻生物切片样本进行透射电子显微镜观察--内皮改变的可行性及其影响。
IF 5.8 2区 医学 Q1 Medicine Pub Date : 2024-10-09 DOI: 10.1186/s12931-024-02981-1
David Lang, Walter Stoiber, Sylvia Lohfink-Schumm, Astrid Obermayer, Guangyu Shao, Bernhard Kaiser, Rupert Langer, Bernd Lamprecht

We evaluated the utility of transmission electron microscopy (TEM) in transbronchial lung cryobiopsy (TBLC) samples from 16 consecutive patients undergoing routine evaluation of fibrotic interstitial lung disease (ILD). Next to routine pathology examination, 1 to 2 TBLC samples were prepared for TEM analysis and evaluated using a Zeiss LEO EM 910. Subpleural cryobiopsies and unfrozen excision biopsies from fresh lobectomy tissue of non-ILD lung cancer patients served as controls. TEM provided high-quality images with only minor cryoartifacts as compared to controls. Furthermore, in several ILD patients we found marked microvascular endothelial abnormalities like luminal pseudopodia-like protrusions and inner surface defects. These were extensively present in four (25%), moderately present in seven (43.8%), and largely absent in five (31.3%) patients. A higher degree of TEM endothelial abnormalities was associated with younger age, non-specific interstitial pneumonia pattern, higher broncho-alveolar lavage lymphocyte count, positive autoantibodies, and lower spirometry, diffusion capacity and oxygenation biomarkers. We conclude that TEM evaluation of TBLC samples from ILD patients is feasible, while the observed microvascular alterations warrant further evaluation.

我们评估了透射电子显微镜(TEM)在经支气管肺冷冻活检(TBLC)样本中的应用,这些样本来自16名接受纤维化间质性肺病(ILD)常规评估的连续患者。除常规病理检查外,还准备了 1 到 2 份 TBLC 样品用于 TEM 分析,并使用蔡司 LEO EM 910 进行评估。非 ILD 肺癌患者的胸膜下冷冻活检组织和新鲜肺叶切除组织的解冻切除活检组织作为对照。与对照组相比,TEM 可提供高质量的图像,仅有轻微的低温伪影。此外,在几名 ILD 患者身上,我们发现了明显的微血管内皮异常,如管腔伪足样突起和内表面缺损。这些异常在四名患者(25%)中广泛存在,在七名患者(43.8%)中中度存在,在五名患者(31.3%)中基本不存在。TEM 内皮异常程度较高与年龄较小、非特异性间质性肺炎模式、支气管肺泡灌洗液淋巴细胞计数较高、自身抗体阳性以及肺活量、扩散能力和氧合生物标志物较低有关。我们的结论是,对 ILD 患者的 TBLC 样本进行 TEM 评估是可行的,而观察到的微血管改变值得进一步评估。
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引用次数: 0
Tezepelumab for severe asthma: elevating current practice to recognize epithelial driven profiles. 治疗重症哮喘的替塞普鲁单抗:提升现有实践,识别上皮驱动的特征。
IF 5.8 2区 医学 Q1 Medicine Pub Date : 2024-10-09 DOI: 10.1186/s12931-024-02998-6
Marco Caminati, A Vatrella, P Rogliani, E Carpagnano, A Spanevello, G Senna

Background: An increasing amount of evidence supports the relevance of epithelium across the wide spectrum of asthma pathobiology. On a clinical ground tezepelumab, selectively binding TSLP, a major epithelial cytokine, has demonstrated to be effective in asthma patients regardless their specific phenotype. In order to avoid the risk of considering tezepelumab as a not-specific option, the present perspective aims to sketch the tezepelumab best eligible patient profile and to propose some hallmarks of epithelial-driven disease by reviewing the published evidence on the drug mechanism of action and efficacy data.

Main body: Although it cannot rely on standardised or exclusive "markers", the relationship between environment and poor asthma control might suggest a major relevance of the epithelial barrier dysfunction. In that light, allergy and asthma exacerbations concomitant with specific exposures (pathogens, pollutants, chemicals), as well as increased susceptibility to infections can be considered as the hallmark of an impaired epithelial immune response. Tezepelumab is effective in allergic patients, being able to reduce asthma exacerbations precipitated by the exposure to seasonal or perennial aeroallergens, including fungi. In addition, tezepelumab reduced the incidence of co-occurring respiratory illness and asthma exacerbations. In terms of inflammation, epithelial immune response has been related to an impaired mucus hypersecretion and plugging. A placebo-controlled trial demonstrated a significant reduction of mucus plugging in treated patient. Airways hyperreactivity (AHR), airways obstruction and remodelling have been described as an expression of epithelial orchestrated immunological activation. Of note, a significantly higher incidence of mannitol negative test in patients treated with tezepelumab when compared to placebo group has been observed. In addition, A 130 mL improvement in pre-BD FEV1 has been described in patients assuming Tezepelumab. The above-mentioned data suggest that bronchial reversibility and AHR can be considered "functional biomarkers" supporting patients' phenotyping and the identification of tezepelumab best responders.

Conclusion: Integrating "functional biomarkers" to the inflammatory ones and a better characterization of asthma exacerbations might pave the way to a different and more transversal phenotyping, which overcomes the "restrictive" labels including T2 high, allergic/atopic or T2 low asthma. Precisely defining the disease characteristics and potential targets for a better control even in tezepelumab eligible subjects is essential to avoid the block buster temptation and optimize the personalized medicine approach according to each patient's individuality.

背景:越来越多的证据表明,上皮细胞与哮喘的病理生物学有着广泛的关联。在临床上,选择性结合主要上皮细胞因子 TSLP 的替塞普鲁单抗已被证明对哮喘患者有效,而无需考虑其具体表型。为了避免将替塞普鲁单抗视为非特异性选择的风险,本观点旨在通过回顾已发表的有关药物作用机制和疗效数据的证据,勾勒出替塞普鲁单抗的最佳合格患者特征,并提出上皮细胞驱动疾病的一些特征:虽然不能依靠标准化或排他性的 "标志物",但环境与哮喘控制不佳之间的关系可能表明上皮屏障功能障碍具有重要的相关性。因此,与特定暴露(病原体、污染物、化学物质)同时出现的过敏和哮喘加重,以及感染易感性的增加,可被视为上皮免疫反应受损的标志。Tezepelumab 对过敏性患者有效,能够减少因接触季节性或常年性过敏原(包括真菌)而导致的哮喘恶化。此外,替塞单抗还能降低呼吸道疾病和哮喘恶化并发症的发病率。在炎症方面,上皮免疫反应与粘液分泌过多和堵塞受损有关。一项安慰剂对照试验显示,接受治疗的患者粘液堵塞现象明显减少。气道高反应性(AHR)、气道阻塞和重塑被描述为上皮协调免疫激活的一种表现形式。值得注意的是,与安慰剂组相比,接受替塞泊单抗治疗的患者甘露醇试验阴性的发生率明显更高。此外,在使用替塞泊单抗的患者中,BD 前 FEV1 提高了 130 毫升。上述数据表明,支气管可逆性和AHR可被视为 "功能性生物标志物",有助于对患者进行表型分析,并确定特珠单抗的最佳应答者:结论:将 "功能性生物标志物 "与炎症性生物标志物相结合,并更好地描述哮喘恶化的特征,可能会为不同的、更具横向性的表型分析铺平道路,从而克服包括 T2 高、过敏性/变应性或 T2 低哮喘在内的 "限制性 "标签。精确定义疾病特征和潜在靶点,即使是符合替塞单抗治疗条件的受试者也能更好地控制病情,这对于避免 "阻断 "诱惑和根据每位患者的个体差异优化个性化医疗方法至关重要。
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引用次数: 0
Exploring the diagnostic and immune infiltration roles of disulfidptosis related genes in pulmonary hypertension. 探索二硫化相关基因在肺动脉高压中的诊断和免疫渗透作用。
IF 5.8 2区 医学 Q1 Medicine Pub Date : 2024-10-09 DOI: 10.1186/s12931-024-02978-w
Xin Tan, Ningning Zhang, Ge Zhang, Shuai Xu, Yiyao Zeng, Fenlan Bian, Bi Tang, Hongju Wang, Jili Fan, Xiaohong Bo, Yangjun Fu, Huimin Fan, Yafeng Zhou, Pinfang Kang

Background: Pulmonary hypertension (PH) is marked by elevated pulmonary artery pressures due to various causes, impacting right heart function and survival. Disulfidptosis, a newly recognized cell death mechanism, may play a role in PH, but its associated genes (DiGs) are not well understood in this context. This study aims to define the diagnostic relevance of DiGs in PH.

Methods: Using GSE11726 data, we analyzed DiGs and their immune characteristics to identify core genes influencing PH progression. Various machine learning models, including RF, SVM, GLM, and XGB, were compared to determine the most effective diagnostic model. Validation used datasets GSE57345 and GSE48166. Additionally, a CeRNA network was established, and a hypoxia-induced PH rat model was used for experimental validation with Western blot analysis.

Results: 12 DiGs significantly associated with PH were identified. The XGB model excelled in diagnostic accuracy (AUC = 0.958), identifying core genes DSTN, NDUFS1, RPN1, TLN1, and MYH10. Validation datasets confirmed the model's effectiveness. A CeRNA network involving these genes, 40 miRNAs, and 115 lncRNAs was constructed. Drug prediction suggested therapeutic potential for folic acid, supported by strong molecular docking results. Experimental validation in a rat model aligned with these findings.

Conclusion: We uncovered the distinct expression patterns of DiGs in PH, identified core genes utilizing an XGB machine-learning model, and established a CeRNA network. Drugs targeting the core genes were predicted and subjected to molecular docking. Experimental validation was also conducted for these core genes.

背景:肺动脉高压(PH)是由各种原因导致的肺动脉压力升高,影响右心功能和存活。二硫化血症是一种新发现的细胞死亡机制,可能在 PH 中起作用,但其相关基因(DiGs)在 PH 中的作用还不十分清楚。本研究旨在确定 DiGs 在 PH 中的诊断相关性:我们利用 GSE11726 数据分析了 DiGs 及其免疫特征,以确定影响 PH 进展的核心基因。我们比较了各种机器学习模型,包括RF、SVM、GLM和XGB,以确定最有效的诊断模型。验证使用了数据集 GSE57345 和 GSE48166。此外,还建立了一个CeRNA网络,并使用缺氧诱导的PH大鼠模型进行Western印迹分析实验验证:结果:发现了 12 个与 PH 明显相关的 DiGs。XGB模型在诊断准确性(AUC = 0.958)方面表现出色,识别出了核心基因DSTN、NDUFS1、RPN1、TLN1和MYH10。验证数据集证实了该模型的有效性。构建了一个涉及这些基因、40个miRNA和115个lncRNA的CeRNA网络。在强大的分子对接结果支持下,药物预测显示了叶酸的治疗潜力。在大鼠模型中的实验验证与这些发现一致:我们发现了 PH 中 DiGs 的独特表达模式,利用 XGB 机器学习模型确定了核心基因,并建立了 CeRNA 网络。我们预测了针对核心基因的药物,并进行了分子对接。还对这些核心基因进行了实验验证。
{"title":"Exploring the diagnostic and immune infiltration roles of disulfidptosis related genes in pulmonary hypertension.","authors":"Xin Tan, Ningning Zhang, Ge Zhang, Shuai Xu, Yiyao Zeng, Fenlan Bian, Bi Tang, Hongju Wang, Jili Fan, Xiaohong Bo, Yangjun Fu, Huimin Fan, Yafeng Zhou, Pinfang Kang","doi":"10.1186/s12931-024-02978-w","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12931-024-02978-w","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Pulmonary hypertension (PH) is marked by elevated pulmonary artery pressures due to various causes, impacting right heart function and survival. Disulfidptosis, a newly recognized cell death mechanism, may play a role in PH, but its associated genes (DiGs) are not well understood in this context. This study aims to define the diagnostic relevance of DiGs in PH.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Using GSE11726 data, we analyzed DiGs and their immune characteristics to identify core genes influencing PH progression. Various machine learning models, including RF, SVM, GLM, and XGB, were compared to determine the most effective diagnostic model. Validation used datasets GSE57345 and GSE48166. Additionally, a CeRNA network was established, and a hypoxia-induced PH rat model was used for experimental validation with Western blot analysis.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>12 DiGs significantly associated with PH were identified. The XGB model excelled in diagnostic accuracy (AUC = 0.958), identifying core genes DSTN, NDUFS1, RPN1, TLN1, and MYH10. Validation datasets confirmed the model's effectiveness. A CeRNA network involving these genes, 40 miRNAs, and 115 lncRNAs was constructed. Drug prediction suggested therapeutic potential for folic acid, supported by strong molecular docking results. Experimental validation in a rat model aligned with these findings.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>We uncovered the distinct expression patterns of DiGs in PH, identified core genes utilizing an XGB machine-learning model, and established a CeRNA network. Drugs targeting the core genes were predicted and subjected to molecular docking. Experimental validation was also conducted for these core genes.</p>","PeriodicalId":49131,"journal":{"name":"Respiratory Research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":5.8,"publicationDate":"2024-10-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11465917/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142394607","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Differences between women and men in prolonged weaning. 女性和男性在延长断奶时间方面的差异。
IF 5.8 2区 医学 Q1 Medicine Pub Date : 2024-10-08 DOI: 10.1186/s12931-024-03002-x
Evelyn Röser, Julia D Michels-Zetsche, Hilal Ersöz, Benjamin Neetz, Philipp Höger, Frederik Trinkmann, Michael M Müller, Laura Klotz, Konstantina Kontogianni, Hauke Winter, Jana Christina Dahlhoff, Sabine Krysa, Felix J F Herth, Franziska C Trudzinski

Background: In recent years, the importance of sex as a factor influencing medical care has received increasing attention in the field of intensive care medicine. The objective of this study was to examine the influence of sex in prolonged weaning.

Methods: A retrospective analysis of patients undergoing prolonged weaning at Thoraxklinik, University Hospital Heidelberg between 12/08 and 12/23 was conducted. Patients with neuromuscular diseases were excluded from the analyses. The risk factors for weaning failure in men and women were identified through stepwise cox-regression analyses.

Results: A total of 785 patients were included, of whom 313 (39.9%) were women. 77.9% of the women and 75.4% of the men were successfully weaned from invasive ventilation. In group comparisons and multivariable analyses, sex was not found to be a risk factor for weaning failure. Cox regression analyses were performed separately for both sexes on the outcome of weaning failure, adjusting for relevant covariates. The results indicated that age ≥ 65 years (HR 2.38, p < 0.001) and the duration of IMV before transfer to the weaning centre (HR 1.01/day, p < 0.001) were independent risk factors in men. In women, however, the duration of IMV before transfer (HR 1.01, p < 0.001), previous non-invasive ventilation (HR 2.9, p 0.005), the presence of critical illness polyneuropathy (HR 1.82; p = 0.040) and delirium (HR 2.50, p = 0.017) were identified as relevant risk factors. In contrast delirium was associated with a favourable weaning outcome in men (HR 0.38, p = 0.020) and nosocomial pneumonia as a reason for prolonged weaning in women (HR 0.43; p = 0.032).

Conclusion: The analyses indicate that there are sex-based differences in the risk factors associated with weaning failure. Further studies, ideally prospective, should confirm these findings to assess whether sex is a factor that should be taken into account to improve weaning outcomes.

背景:近年来,性别作为影响医疗护理的重要因素在重症监护医学领域受到越来越多的关注。本研究旨在探讨性别对长期断奶的影响:方法:对海德堡大学医院胸腔内科在 2008 年 12 月 12 日至 2008 年 12 月 23 日期间接受长期断奶的患者进行了回顾性分析。分析中排除了患有神经肌肉疾病的患者。通过逐步考克斯回归分析确定了男性和女性断奶失败的风险因素:结果:共纳入 785 名患者,其中 313 名(39.9%)为女性。77.9%的女性和75.4%的男性成功脱离了有创通气。在分组比较和多变量分析中,没有发现性别是断流失败的风险因素。在对相关协变量进行调整后,分别对男女进行了断奶失败结果的 Cox 回归分析。结果表明,年龄≥65 岁(HR 2.38,p 结论:年龄≥65 岁是断奶失败的危险因素:分析表明,断奶失败的相关风险因素存在性别差异。进一步的研究(最好是前瞻性研究)应证实这些发现,以评估性别是否是改善断奶结果应考虑的因素。
{"title":"Differences between women and men in prolonged weaning.","authors":"Evelyn Röser, Julia D Michels-Zetsche, Hilal Ersöz, Benjamin Neetz, Philipp Höger, Frederik Trinkmann, Michael M Müller, Laura Klotz, Konstantina Kontogianni, Hauke Winter, Jana Christina Dahlhoff, Sabine Krysa, Felix J F Herth, Franziska C Trudzinski","doi":"10.1186/s12931-024-03002-x","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12931-024-03002-x","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>In recent years, the importance of sex as a factor influencing medical care has received increasing attention in the field of intensive care medicine. The objective of this study was to examine the influence of sex in prolonged weaning.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A retrospective analysis of patients undergoing prolonged weaning at Thoraxklinik, University Hospital Heidelberg between 12/08 and 12/23 was conducted. Patients with neuromuscular diseases were excluded from the analyses. The risk factors for weaning failure in men and women were identified through stepwise cox-regression analyses.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 785 patients were included, of whom 313 (39.9%) were women. 77.9% of the women and 75.4% of the men were successfully weaned from invasive ventilation. In group comparisons and multivariable analyses, sex was not found to be a risk factor for weaning failure. Cox regression analyses were performed separately for both sexes on the outcome of weaning failure, adjusting for relevant covariates. The results indicated that age ≥ 65 years (HR 2.38, p < 0.001) and the duration of IMV before transfer to the weaning centre (HR 1.01/day, p < 0.001) were independent risk factors in men. In women, however, the duration of IMV before transfer (HR 1.01, p < 0.001), previous non-invasive ventilation (HR 2.9, p 0.005), the presence of critical illness polyneuropathy (HR 1.82; p = 0.040) and delirium (HR 2.50, p = 0.017) were identified as relevant risk factors. In contrast delirium was associated with a favourable weaning outcome in men (HR 0.38, p = 0.020) and nosocomial pneumonia as a reason for prolonged weaning in women (HR 0.43; p = 0.032).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The analyses indicate that there are sex-based differences in the risk factors associated with weaning failure. Further studies, ideally prospective, should confirm these findings to assess whether sex is a factor that should be taken into account to improve weaning outcomes.</p>","PeriodicalId":49131,"journal":{"name":"Respiratory Research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":5.8,"publicationDate":"2024-10-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11460207/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142394606","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Quantitative CT-analysis of over aerated lung tissue and correlation with fibrosis extent in patients with idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis. 特发性肺纤维化患者过度通气肺组织的定量 CT 分析及其与纤维化程度的相关性。
IF 5.8 2区 医学 Q1 Medicine Pub Date : 2024-10-05 DOI: 10.1186/s12931-024-02970-4
Roberto Tonelli, Marry R Smit, Ivana Castaniere, Giovanni Della Casa, Dario Andrisani, Filippo Gozzi, Giulia Bruzzi, Stefania Cerri, Anna Valeria Samarelli, Giulia Raineri, Paolo Spagnolo, Raffella Rizzoni, Lorenzo Ball, Frederique Paulus, Lieuwe D J Bos, Enrico Clini, Alessandro Marchioni

Introduction: The usual interstitial pneumonia (UIP) pattern, hallmark of idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF), may induce harmful local overdistension during mechanical ventilation given the juxtaposition of different tissue elasticities. Mechanotransduction, linking mechanical stress and strain to molecular pro-fibrotic pathways, likely contributes to fibrosis progression. Understanding the mechanical forces and aeration patterns in the lungs of IPF patients is crucial for unraveling potential mechanisms of disease progression. Quantitative lung computed tomography (CT) can accurately assess the air content of lung regions, thus informing on zonal distension. This study aims to investigate radiological evidence of lung over aeration in spontaneously breathing UIP patients compared to healthy controls during maximal inspiration.

Methods: Patients with IPF diagnosis referred to the Center for Rare Lung Diseases of the University Hospital of Modena (Italy) in the period 2020-2023 who underwent High Resolution Computed Tomography (HRCT) scans at residual volume (RV) and total lung capacity (TLC) using standardized protocols were retrospectively considered eligible. Patients with no signs of lung disease at HRCT performed with the same image acquisition protocol nor at pulmonary function test (PFTs) served as controls. Lung segmentation and quantitative analysis were performed using 3D Slicer software. Lung volumes were measured, and specific density thresholds defined over aerated and fibrotic regions. Comparison between over aerated lung at RV and TLC in the two groups and according to lung lobes was sought. Further, the correlation between aerated lung and the extent of fibrosis was assessed and compared at RV and TLC.

Results: IPF patients (N = 20) exhibited higher over aerated lung proportions than controls (N = 15) both at RV and TLC (4.5% vs. 0.7%, p < 0.0001 and 13.8% vs. 7%, p < 0.0001 respectively). Over aeration increased significantly from RV to TLC in both groups, with no intergroup difference (p = 0.67). Sensitivity analysis revealed significant variations in over aerated lung areas among lobes when passing from RV to TLC with no difference within lobes (p = 0.28). Correlation between over aeration and fibrosis extent was moderate at RV (r = 0.62, p < 0.0001) and weak at TLC (r = 0.27, p = 0.01), being the two significantly different at interpolation analysis (p < 0.0001).

Conclusions: This study provides the first evidence of radiological signs of lung over aeration in patients with UIP-pattern patients when passing from RV to TLC. These findings offer new insights into the complex interplay between mechanical forces, lung structure, and fibrosis and warrant larger and longitudinal investigations.

简介:通常的间质性肺炎(UIP)模式是特发性肺纤维化(IPF)的标志,在机械通气过程中,由于不同组织弹性并存,可能会诱发有害的局部过度张力。机械传导将机械应力和应变与促进纤维化的分子途径联系起来,可能会导致纤维化的发展。了解 IPF 患者肺部的机械力和通气模式对于揭示疾病进展的潜在机制至关重要。定量肺部计算机断层扫描(CT)可准确评估肺部区域的空气含量,从而为分区膨胀提供信息。本研究旨在调查与健康对照组相比,自主呼吸的 UIP 患者在最大吸气时肺部过度充气的放射学证据:方法:2020-2023 年期间转诊至意大利摩德纳大学医院罕见肺病中心的 IPF 诊断患者均被视为符合条件,这些患者采用标准化方案接受了残余容积(RV)和总肺活量(TLC)的高分辨率计算机断层扫描(HRCT)。采用相同图像采集方案进行的高分辨率计算机断层扫描和肺功能测试(PFTs)均无肺部疾病症状的患者作为对照组。使用 3D Slicer 软件进行肺部分割和定量分析。测量肺容积,并定义充气和纤维化区域的特定密度阈值。对两组肺叶的 RV 和 TLC 的过度充气肺进行比较。此外,还评估了充气肺与纤维化程度之间的相关性,并在 RV 和 TLC 上进行了比较:结果:IPF 患者(N = 20)在 RV 和 TLC 均表现出比对照组(N = 15)更高的过度充气肺比例(4.5% vs. 0.7%,P 结论:IPF 患者的过度充气肺比例高于对照组(N = 15):本研究首次提供了 UIP 型患者从 RV 到 TLC 时肺过度充气的放射学迹象。这些发现为机械力、肺结构和纤维化之间复杂的相互作用提供了新的见解,值得进行更大规模的纵向研究。
{"title":"Quantitative CT-analysis of over aerated lung tissue and correlation with fibrosis extent in patients with idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis.","authors":"Roberto Tonelli, Marry R Smit, Ivana Castaniere, Giovanni Della Casa, Dario Andrisani, Filippo Gozzi, Giulia Bruzzi, Stefania Cerri, Anna Valeria Samarelli, Giulia Raineri, Paolo Spagnolo, Raffella Rizzoni, Lorenzo Ball, Frederique Paulus, Lieuwe D J Bos, Enrico Clini, Alessandro Marchioni","doi":"10.1186/s12931-024-02970-4","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12931-024-02970-4","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>The usual interstitial pneumonia (UIP) pattern, hallmark of idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF), may induce harmful local overdistension during mechanical ventilation given the juxtaposition of different tissue elasticities. Mechanotransduction, linking mechanical stress and strain to molecular pro-fibrotic pathways, likely contributes to fibrosis progression. Understanding the mechanical forces and aeration patterns in the lungs of IPF patients is crucial for unraveling potential mechanisms of disease progression. Quantitative lung computed tomography (CT) can accurately assess the air content of lung regions, thus informing on zonal distension. This study aims to investigate radiological evidence of lung over aeration in spontaneously breathing UIP patients compared to healthy controls during maximal inspiration.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Patients with IPF diagnosis referred to the Center for Rare Lung Diseases of the University Hospital of Modena (Italy) in the period 2020-2023 who underwent High Resolution Computed Tomography (HRCT) scans at residual volume (RV) and total lung capacity (TLC) using standardized protocols were retrospectively considered eligible. Patients with no signs of lung disease at HRCT performed with the same image acquisition protocol nor at pulmonary function test (PFTs) served as controls. Lung segmentation and quantitative analysis were performed using 3D Slicer software. Lung volumes were measured, and specific density thresholds defined over aerated and fibrotic regions. Comparison between over aerated lung at RV and TLC in the two groups and according to lung lobes was sought. Further, the correlation between aerated lung and the extent of fibrosis was assessed and compared at RV and TLC.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>IPF patients (N = 20) exhibited higher over aerated lung proportions than controls (N = 15) both at RV and TLC (4.5% vs. 0.7%, p < 0.0001 and 13.8% vs. 7%, p < 0.0001 respectively). Over aeration increased significantly from RV to TLC in both groups, with no intergroup difference (p = 0.67). Sensitivity analysis revealed significant variations in over aerated lung areas among lobes when passing from RV to TLC with no difference within lobes (p = 0.28). Correlation between over aeration and fibrosis extent was moderate at RV (r = 0.62, p < 0.0001) and weak at TLC (r = 0.27, p = 0.01), being the two significantly different at interpolation analysis (p < 0.0001).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>This study provides the first evidence of radiological signs of lung over aeration in patients with UIP-pattern patients when passing from RV to TLC. These findings offer new insights into the complex interplay between mechanical forces, lung structure, and fibrosis and warrant larger and longitudinal investigations.</p>","PeriodicalId":49131,"journal":{"name":"Respiratory Research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":5.8,"publicationDate":"2024-10-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11453093/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142378464","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
A prospective observation study of the dynamic monitoring of transcutaneous arterial blood oxygen saturation and carbon dioxide during bronchoscopy. 支气管镜检查期间经皮动脉血氧饱和度和二氧化碳动态监测的前瞻性观察研究。
IF 5.8 2区 医学 Q1 Medicine Pub Date : 2024-10-05 DOI: 10.1186/s12931-024-02990-0
Yusuke Shinozaki, Kei Morikawa, Kida Hirotaka, Kazuhiro Nishiyama, Satoshi Tanaka, Hajime Tsuruoka, Shin Matsuzawa, Hiroshi Handa, Hiroki Nishine, Masamichi Mineshita

Background and aims: Because bronchoscopy is an invasive procedure, sedatives and analgesics are commonly administered, which may suppress the patient's spontaneous breathing and can lead to hypoventilation and hypoxemia. Few reports exist on the dynamic monitoring of oxygenation and ventilation during bronchoscopy. This study aimed to prospectively monitor and evaluate oxygenation and ventilation during bronchoscopy using transcutaneous arterial blood oxygen saturation and carbon dioxide.

Methods: We included patients who required pathological diagnosis using fluoroscopic bronchoscopy at our hospital between March 2021 and April 2022. Midazolam was intravenously administered to all patients as a sedative during bronchoscopy, and fentanyl was administered in addition to midazolam when necessary. A transcutaneous blood gas monitor was used to measure dynamic changes, including arterial blood partial pressure of carbon dioxide (tcPCO2), transcutaneous arterial blood oxygen saturation (SpO2), pulse rate, and perfusion index during bronchoscopy. Quantitative data of tcPCO2 and SpO2 were presented as mean ± standard deviation (SD) (min-max), while the quantitative data of midazolam plus fentanyl and midazolam alone were compared. Similarly, data on sex, smoking history, and body mass index were compared. Subgroup comparisons of the difference (Δ value) between baseline tcPCO2 at the beginning of bronchoscopy and the maximum value of tcPCO2 during the examination were performed.

Results: Of the 117 included cases, consecutive measurements were performed in 113 cases, with a success rate of 96.6%. Transbronchial lung biopsy was performed in 100 cases, whereas transbronchial lung cryobiopsy was performed in 17 cases. Midazolam and fentanyl were used as anesthetics during bronchoscopy in 46 cases, whereas midazolam alone was used in 67 cases. The median Δ value in the midazolam plus fentanyl and midazolam alone groups was 8.10 and 4.00 mmHg, respectively, indicating a significant difference of p < 0.005. The mean ± standard deviation of tcPCO2 in the midazolam plus fentanyl and midazolam alone groups was 44.8 ± 7.83 and 40.6 ± 4.10 mmHg, respectively. The SpO2 in the midazolam plus fentanyl and midazolam alone groups was 94.4 ± 3.37 and 96.2 ± 2.61%, respectively, with a larger SD and greater variability in the midazolam plus fentanyl group.

Conclusion: A transcutaneous blood gas monitor is non-invasive and can easily measure the dynamic transition of CO2. Furthermore, tcPCO2 can be used to evaluate the ventilatory status during bronchoscopy easily. A transcutaneous blood gas monitor may be useful to observe regarding respiratory depression during bronchoscopy, particularly when analgesics are used.

背景和目的:由于支气管镜检查是一种侵入性手术,通常会使用镇静剂和镇痛剂,这可能会抑制患者的自主呼吸,导致通气不足和低氧血症。关于支气管镜检查过程中氧合和通气的动态监测报告很少。本研究旨在使用经皮动脉血氧饱和度和二氧化碳对支气管镜检查期间的氧合和通气进行前瞻性监测和评估:我们纳入了 2021 年 3 月至 2022 年 4 月期间在我院使用透视支气管镜进行病理诊断的患者。所有患者在支气管镜检查过程中均静脉注射咪达唑仑作为镇静剂,必要时除咪达唑仑外还会注射芬太尼。支气管镜检查期间,使用经皮血气监测仪测量动态变化,包括动脉血二氧化碳分压(tcPCO2)、经皮动脉血氧饱和度(SpO2)、脉搏和灌注指数。tcPCO2和SpO2的定量数据以平均值±标准差(SD)(最小值-最大值)表示,同时比较了咪达唑仑加芬太尼和咪达唑仑单独使用的定量数据。同样,还比较了性别、吸烟史和体重指数等数据。对支气管镜检查开始时的基线 tcPCO2 与检查期间 tcPCO2 最大值之间的差异(Δ 值)进行了分组比较:结果:在纳入的 117 个病例中,有 113 个病例进行了连续测量,成功率为 96.6%。100例进行了经支气管肺活检,17例进行了经支气管肺冷冻活检。支气管镜检查中使用咪达唑仑和芬太尼作为麻醉剂的有46例,而仅使用咪达唑仑的有67例。咪达唑仑加芬太尼组和单纯咪达唑仑组的中位Δ值分别为 8.10 和 4.00 mmHg,表明咪达唑仑加芬太尼组和单纯咪达唑仑组的 p 2 分别为 44.8 ± 7.83 和 40.6 ± 4.10 mmHg,差异显著。咪达唑仑加芬太尼组和咪达唑仑单药组的 SpO2 分别为 94.4 ± 3.37% 和 96.2 ± 2.61%,咪达唑仑加芬太尼组的 SD 更大,变异性更大:结论:经皮血气监测仪是无创的,可以轻松测量二氧化碳的动态变化。此外,tcPCO2 可用于评估支气管镜检查期间的通气状况。经皮血气监测仪可用于观察支气管镜检查期间的呼吸抑制情况,尤其是在使用镇痛剂时。
{"title":"A prospective observation study of the dynamic monitoring of transcutaneous arterial blood oxygen saturation and carbon dioxide during bronchoscopy.","authors":"Yusuke Shinozaki, Kei Morikawa, Kida Hirotaka, Kazuhiro Nishiyama, Satoshi Tanaka, Hajime Tsuruoka, Shin Matsuzawa, Hiroshi Handa, Hiroki Nishine, Masamichi Mineshita","doi":"10.1186/s12931-024-02990-0","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12931-024-02990-0","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background and aims: </strong>Because bronchoscopy is an invasive procedure, sedatives and analgesics are commonly administered, which may suppress the patient's spontaneous breathing and can lead to hypoventilation and hypoxemia. Few reports exist on the dynamic monitoring of oxygenation and ventilation during bronchoscopy. This study aimed to prospectively monitor and evaluate oxygenation and ventilation during bronchoscopy using transcutaneous arterial blood oxygen saturation and carbon dioxide.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We included patients who required pathological diagnosis using fluoroscopic bronchoscopy at our hospital between March 2021 and April 2022. Midazolam was intravenously administered to all patients as a sedative during bronchoscopy, and fentanyl was administered in addition to midazolam when necessary. A transcutaneous blood gas monitor was used to measure dynamic changes, including arterial blood partial pressure of carbon dioxide (tcPCO<sub>2</sub>), transcutaneous arterial blood oxygen saturation (SpO<sub>2</sub>), pulse rate, and perfusion index during bronchoscopy. Quantitative data of tcPCO<sub>2</sub> and SpO<sub>2</sub> were presented as mean ± standard deviation (SD) (min-max), while the quantitative data of midazolam plus fentanyl and midazolam alone were compared. Similarly, data on sex, smoking history, and body mass index were compared. Subgroup comparisons of the difference (Δ value) between baseline tcPCO<sub>2</sub> at the beginning of bronchoscopy and the maximum value of tcPCO<sub>2</sub> during the examination were performed.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Of the 117 included cases, consecutive measurements were performed in 113 cases, with a success rate of 96.6%. Transbronchial lung biopsy was performed in 100 cases, whereas transbronchial lung cryobiopsy was performed in 17 cases. Midazolam and fentanyl were used as anesthetics during bronchoscopy in 46 cases, whereas midazolam alone was used in 67 cases. The median Δ value in the midazolam plus fentanyl and midazolam alone groups was 8.10 and 4.00 mmHg, respectively, indicating a significant difference of p < 0.005. The mean ± standard deviation of tcPCO<sub>2</sub> in the midazolam plus fentanyl and midazolam alone groups was 44.8 ± 7.83 and 40.6 ± 4.10 mmHg, respectively. The SpO<sub>2</sub> in the midazolam plus fentanyl and midazolam alone groups was 94.4 ± 3.37 and 96.2 ± 2.61%, respectively, with a larger SD and greater variability in the midazolam plus fentanyl group.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>A transcutaneous blood gas monitor is non-invasive and can easily measure the dynamic transition of CO<sub>2</sub>. Furthermore, tcPCO<sub>2</sub> can be used to evaluate the ventilatory status during bronchoscopy easily. A transcutaneous blood gas monitor may be useful to observe regarding respiratory depression during bronchoscopy, particularly when analgesics are used.</p>","PeriodicalId":49131,"journal":{"name":"Respiratory Research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":5.8,"publicationDate":"2024-10-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11456238/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142378463","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
The clinical application of metagenomic next-generation sequencing in immunocompromised patients with severe respiratory infections in the ICU. 元基因组新一代测序技术在重症监护病房免疫功能低下的严重呼吸道感染患者中的临床应用。
IF 5.8 2区 医学 Q1 Medicine Pub Date : 2024-10-05 DOI: 10.1186/s12931-024-02991-z
Junjie Zhao, Yong Sun, Jing Tang, Kai Guo, Kaiyu Wang, Jiancheng Zhuge, Honglong Fang

Background: Early targeted antibiotic therapy is crucial for improving the prognosis of immunocompromised patients with severe respiratory infections (SRIs) in the intensive care unit (ICU). Metagenomic next-generation sequencing (mNGS) has shown significant value in pathogen detection, but research on lower respiratory tract microorganisms remains limited.

Methods: This study enrolled 234 patients with SRIs in the ICU, and individuals were categorized into immunocompromised and immunocompetent groups. We compared the diagnostic performance of mNGS using bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) with conventional microbiological tests (CMTs) and analyzed the value of mNGS in immunocompromised patients with SRIs in the ICU.

Results: Among all patients, the pathogenic microorganism detection rate of mNGS was higher than that of CMTs (94.02% vs 66.67%, P < 0.05), both in the immunocompromised group (95.0% vs 58.75%, P < 0.05) and the immunocompetent group (93.51% vs 71.43%, P < 0.05). mNGS detected more pathogens than CMTs did (167 vs 51), identifying 116 organisms that were missed by CMTs. The proportion of antibiotic regimen adjustments based on mNGS results was significantly higher compared to CMTs in both the immunocompromised (70.00% vs 17.50%, P < 0.05) and immunocompetent groups (48.70% vs 15.58%, P < 0.05). In the immunocompromised group, patients who had their antibiotic treatment adjusted on mNGS results had improved prognosis, with significantly lower ICU mortality (8.93% vs 50%, P < 0.05) and 28-day mortality rates (30.36% vs 68.75%, P < 0.05) than CMTs. In the immunocompetent group, no statistically significant differences were observed in ICU mortality or 28-day mortality (20.00% vs 33.33%, P > 0.05; 42.67% vs 45.83%, P > 0.05).

Conclusion: mNGS shows significant value in detecting pathogens in immunocompromised patients with SRIs in ICU. For immunocompromised patients who respond poorly to empirical treatment, mNGS can provide an etiological basis, helping adjust antibiotic regimens more precisely and thereby improving patient prognosis.

背景:早期靶向抗生素治疗对于改善重症监护室(ICU)中患有严重呼吸道感染(SRI)的免疫功能低下患者的预后至关重要。元基因组下一代测序(mNGS)在病原体检测方面具有重要价值,但对下呼吸道微生物的研究仍然有限:本研究招募了 234 名重症监护室的 SRI 患者,将其分为免疫功能低下组和免疫功能健全组。我们比较了使用支气管肺泡灌洗液(BALF)的 mNGS 与传统微生物检验(CMT)的诊断性能,并分析了 mNGS 在 ICU 中免疫功能低下的 SRI 患者中的价值:在所有患者中,mNGS 的病原微生物检出率高于 CMT(94.02% vs 66.67%,P 0.05;42.67% vs 45.83%,P > 0.05)。对于经验性治疗效果不佳的免疫功能低下患者,mNGS 可以提供病原学依据,帮助更精确地调整抗生素方案,从而改善患者的预后。
{"title":"The clinical application of metagenomic next-generation sequencing in immunocompromised patients with severe respiratory infections in the ICU.","authors":"Junjie Zhao, Yong Sun, Jing Tang, Kai Guo, Kaiyu Wang, Jiancheng Zhuge, Honglong Fang","doi":"10.1186/s12931-024-02991-z","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12931-024-02991-z","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Early targeted antibiotic therapy is crucial for improving the prognosis of immunocompromised patients with severe respiratory infections (SRIs) in the intensive care unit (ICU). Metagenomic next-generation sequencing (mNGS) has shown significant value in pathogen detection, but research on lower respiratory tract microorganisms remains limited.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This study enrolled 234 patients with SRIs in the ICU, and individuals were categorized into immunocompromised and immunocompetent groups. We compared the diagnostic performance of mNGS using bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) with conventional microbiological tests (CMTs) and analyzed the value of mNGS in immunocompromised patients with SRIs in the ICU.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Among all patients, the pathogenic microorganism detection rate of mNGS was higher than that of CMTs (94.02% vs 66.67%, P < 0.05), both in the immunocompromised group (95.0% vs 58.75%, P < 0.05) and the immunocompetent group (93.51% vs 71.43%, P < 0.05). mNGS detected more pathogens than CMTs did (167 vs 51), identifying 116 organisms that were missed by CMTs. The proportion of antibiotic regimen adjustments based on mNGS results was significantly higher compared to CMTs in both the immunocompromised (70.00% vs 17.50%, P < 0.05) and immunocompetent groups (48.70% vs 15.58%, P < 0.05). In the immunocompromised group, patients who had their antibiotic treatment adjusted on mNGS results had improved prognosis, with significantly lower ICU mortality (8.93% vs 50%, P < 0.05) and 28-day mortality rates (30.36% vs 68.75%, P < 0.05) than CMTs. In the immunocompetent group, no statistically significant differences were observed in ICU mortality or 28-day mortality (20.00% vs 33.33%, P > 0.05; 42.67% vs 45.83%, P > 0.05).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>mNGS shows significant value in detecting pathogens in immunocompromised patients with SRIs in ICU. For immunocompromised patients who respond poorly to empirical treatment, mNGS can provide an etiological basis, helping adjust antibiotic regimens more precisely and thereby improving patient prognosis.</p>","PeriodicalId":49131,"journal":{"name":"Respiratory Research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":5.8,"publicationDate":"2024-10-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11453054/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142378466","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
SPP1 induces idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis and NSCLC progression via the PI3K/Akt/mTOR pathway. SPP1 通过 PI3K/Akt/mTOR 通路诱导特发性肺纤维化和 NSCLC 进展。
IF 5.8 2区 医学 Q1 Medicine Pub Date : 2024-10-05 DOI: 10.1186/s12931-024-02989-7
Bingqing Yue, Dian Xiong, Juan Chen, Xiucheng Yang, Jin Zhao, Jingbo Shao, Dong Wei, Fei Gao, Man Huang, Jingyu Chen

Background: The prevalence of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) is notably elevated in individuals diagnosed with idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF). Secreted phosphoprotein 1 (SPP1), known for its involvement in diverse physiological processes, including oncogenesis and organ fibrosis, has an ambiguous role at the intersection of IPF and NSCLC. Our study sought to elucidate the function of SPP1 within the pathogenesis of IPF and its subsequent impact on NSCLC progression.

Methods: Four GEO datasets was analyzed for common differential genes and TCGA database was used to analyze the prognosis. The immune infiltration was analyzed by TIMER database. SPP1 expression was examined in human lung tissues, the IPF fibroblasts and the BLM-induced mouse lung fibrosis model. Combined with SPP1 gene gain- and loss-of-function, qRT-PCR, Western blot, EdU and CCK-8 experiments were performed to evaluate the effects and mechanisms of SPP1 in IPF progression. Effect of SPP1 on NSCLC was detected by co-cultured IPF fibroblasts and NSCLC cells.

Results: Through bioinformatics analysis, we observed a significant overexpression of SPP1 in both IPF and NSCLC patient datasets, correlating with enhanced immune infiltration of cancer-associated fibroblasts in NSCLC. Elevated levels of SPP1 were detected in lung tissue samples from IPF patients and bleomycin-induced mouse models, with partial colocalization observed with α-smooth muscle actin. Knockdown of SPP1 inhibits TGF-β1-induced differentiation of fibroblasts to myofibroblasts and the proliferation of IPF fibroblasts. Conversely, SPP1 overexpression promoted IPF fibroblast proliferation via PI3K/Akt/mTOR pathway. Furthermore, IPF fibroblasts promoted NSCLC cell proliferation and activated the PI3K/Akt/mTOR pathway; these effects were attenuated by SPP1 knockdown in IPF fibroblasts.

Conclusions: Our findings suggest that SPP1 functions as a molecule promoting both fibrosis and tumorigenesis, positioning it as a prospective therapeutic target for managing the co-occurrence of IPF and NSCLC.

背景:在被诊断患有特发性肺纤维化(IPF)的患者中,非小细胞肺癌(NSCLC)的发病率明显升高。分泌磷蛋白1(SPP1)因参与多种生理过程(包括肿瘤发生和器官纤维化)而闻名,但它在特发性肺纤维化和非小细胞肺癌之间的作用却不明确。我们的研究试图阐明 SPP1 在 IPF 发病机制中的功能及其随后对 NSCLC 进展的影响:方法:分析了四个 GEO 数据集中的常见差异基因,并使用 TCGA 数据库分析预后。TIMER数据库分析了免疫浸润。在人类肺组织、IPF成纤维细胞和BLM诱导的小鼠肺纤维化模型中检测了SPP1的表达。结合 SPP1 基因增益和功能缺失、qRT-PCR、Western blot、EdU 和 CCK-8 实验,评估 SPP1 在 IPF 进展中的作用和机制。通过共培养 IPF 成纤维细胞和 NSCLC 细胞,检测了 SPP1 对 NSCLC 的影响:通过生物信息学分析,我们在 IPF 和 NSCLC 患者数据集中观察到 SPP1 的显著过表达,这与 NSCLC 中癌症相关成纤维细胞的免疫浸润增强有关。在 IPF 患者和博莱霉素诱导的小鼠模型的肺组织样本中检测到 SPP1 水平升高,并与α-平滑肌肌动蛋白部分共定位。敲除 SPP1 可抑制 TGF-β1 诱导的成纤维细胞向肌成纤维细胞的分化以及 IPF 成纤维细胞的增殖。相反,SPP1的过表达可通过PI3K/Akt/mTOR途径促进IPF成纤维细胞的增殖。此外,IPF成纤维细胞还能促进NSCLC细胞增殖并激活PI3K/Akt/mTOR通路;IPF成纤维细胞中的SPP1基因敲除可减轻这些影响:我们的研究结果表明,SPP1 是一种同时促进纤维化和肿瘤发生的分子,因此有望成为治疗 IPF 和 NSCLC 并发症的靶点。
{"title":"SPP1 induces idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis and NSCLC progression via the PI3K/Akt/mTOR pathway.","authors":"Bingqing Yue, Dian Xiong, Juan Chen, Xiucheng Yang, Jin Zhao, Jingbo Shao, Dong Wei, Fei Gao, Man Huang, Jingyu Chen","doi":"10.1186/s12931-024-02989-7","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12931-024-02989-7","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>The prevalence of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) is notably elevated in individuals diagnosed with idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF). Secreted phosphoprotein 1 (SPP1), known for its involvement in diverse physiological processes, including oncogenesis and organ fibrosis, has an ambiguous role at the intersection of IPF and NSCLC. Our study sought to elucidate the function of SPP1 within the pathogenesis of IPF and its subsequent impact on NSCLC progression.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Four GEO datasets was analyzed for common differential genes and TCGA database was used to analyze the prognosis. The immune infiltration was analyzed by TIMER database. SPP1 expression was examined in human lung tissues, the IPF fibroblasts and the BLM-induced mouse lung fibrosis model. Combined with SPP1 gene gain- and loss-of-function, qRT-PCR, Western blot, EdU and CCK-8 experiments were performed to evaluate the effects and mechanisms of SPP1 in IPF progression. Effect of SPP1 on NSCLC was detected by co-cultured IPF fibroblasts and NSCLC cells.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Through bioinformatics analysis, we observed a significant overexpression of SPP1 in both IPF and NSCLC patient datasets, correlating with enhanced immune infiltration of cancer-associated fibroblasts in NSCLC. Elevated levels of SPP1 were detected in lung tissue samples from IPF patients and bleomycin-induced mouse models, with partial colocalization observed with α-smooth muscle actin. Knockdown of SPP1 inhibits TGF-β1-induced differentiation of fibroblasts to myofibroblasts and the proliferation of IPF fibroblasts. Conversely, SPP1 overexpression promoted IPF fibroblast proliferation via PI3K/Akt/mTOR pathway. Furthermore, IPF fibroblasts promoted NSCLC cell proliferation and activated the PI3K/Akt/mTOR pathway; these effects were attenuated by SPP1 knockdown in IPF fibroblasts.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Our findings suggest that SPP1 functions as a molecule promoting both fibrosis and tumorigenesis, positioning it as a prospective therapeutic target for managing the co-occurrence of IPF and NSCLC.</p>","PeriodicalId":49131,"journal":{"name":"Respiratory Research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":5.8,"publicationDate":"2024-10-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11456247/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142378465","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Expiratory flow limitation development index (ELDI): a novel method of assessing respiratory mechanics in COPD. 呼气流量限制发展指数 (ELDI):评估慢性阻塞性肺病呼吸力学的新方法。
IF 5.8 2区 医学 Q1 Medicine Pub Date : 2024-10-03 DOI: 10.1186/s12931-024-02972-2
James Dean, Stephen J Fowler, Dave Singh, Augusta Beech

Background: Expiratory flow limitation (EFL) can be detected using oscillometric reactance and is associated with a worse clinical presentation in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). Reactance can show negative swings upon exhalation, which may develop at different rates between patients. We propose a new method to quantify the rate of EFL development; the EFL Development Index (ELDI).

Methods: A retrospective analysis of data from 124 COPD patients was performed. Data included lung function tests, Impulse Oscillometry (IOS), St Georges Respiratory Questionnaire (SGRQ), modified Medical Research Council (mMRC) scale and COPD Assessment Test (CAT) score. Fifty four patients had repeat data after 6 months. Twenty two patients had data recorded after 5 days of treatment with long acting bronchodilator therapy. EDLI was calculated as the mean expiratory reactance divided by the minimum expiratory reactance.

Results: The mean ELDI was used to categorise patients with rapid onset of EFL (> 0.63; n = 29) or gradual onset (≤ 0.63; n = 34). Those with rapid development had worse airflow obstruction, lower quality of life scores, and greater resting hyperinflation, compared to those with gradual development. In patients with EFL, ELDI correlated with symptoms scores, airflow obstruction, lung volumes and gas diffusion. Both EFL and ELDI were stable over 6 months. EFL and EDLI improved with bronchodilator treatment.

Conclusions: COPD patients with rapid EFL development (determined by ELDI) had worse clinical characteristics than those with gradual EFL development. The rate of EFL development appears to be associated with clinical and physiological characteristics.

背景:呼气流量限制(EFL)可通过振荡电抗检测出来,它与慢性阻塞性肺病(COPD)的临床表现恶化有关。呼气时电抗会出现负摆动,不同患者的发展速度可能不同。我们提出了一种量化 EFL 发展速度的新方法:EFL 发展指数 (ELDI):我们对 124 名慢性阻塞性肺病患者的数据进行了回顾性分析。数据包括肺功能测试、脉冲振荡计(IOS)、圣乔治呼吸问卷(SGRQ)、改良医学研究委员会(mMRC)量表和慢性阻塞性肺病评估测试(CAT)评分。54 名患者在 6 个月后重复获得了数据。22 名患者在接受长效支气管扩张剂治疗 5 天后记录了数据。EDLI的计算方法是平均呼气反应量除以最小呼气反应量:用平均呼气反应指数将患者分为快速发病(> 0.63;n = 29)和逐渐发病(≤ 0.63;n = 34)两类。与逐渐发展的患者相比,快速发展的患者气流阻塞更严重,生活质量评分更低,静息过度充气更严重。在EFL患者中,ELDI与症状评分、气流阻塞、肺容积和气体扩散相关。EFL 和 ELDI 在 6 个月内保持稳定。EFL和EDLI在支气管扩张剂治疗后有所改善:结论:EFL发展迅速(由ELDI决定)的慢性阻塞性肺疾病患者的临床特征比EFL逐渐发展的患者更差。EFL的发展速度似乎与临床和生理特征有关。
{"title":"Expiratory flow limitation development index (ELDI): a novel method of assessing respiratory mechanics in COPD.","authors":"James Dean, Stephen J Fowler, Dave Singh, Augusta Beech","doi":"10.1186/s12931-024-02972-2","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12931-024-02972-2","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Expiratory flow limitation (EFL) can be detected using oscillometric reactance and is associated with a worse clinical presentation in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). Reactance can show negative swings upon exhalation, which may develop at different rates between patients. We propose a new method to quantify the rate of EFL development; the EFL Development Index (ELDI).</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A retrospective analysis of data from 124 COPD patients was performed. Data included lung function tests, Impulse Oscillometry (IOS), St Georges Respiratory Questionnaire (SGRQ), modified Medical Research Council (mMRC) scale and COPD Assessment Test (CAT) score. Fifty four patients had repeat data after 6 months. Twenty two patients had data recorded after 5 days of treatment with long acting bronchodilator therapy. EDLI was calculated as the mean expiratory reactance divided by the minimum expiratory reactance.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The mean ELDI was used to categorise patients with rapid onset of EFL (> 0.63; n = 29) or gradual onset (≤ 0.63; n = 34). Those with rapid development had worse airflow obstruction, lower quality of life scores, and greater resting hyperinflation, compared to those with gradual development. In patients with EFL, ELDI correlated with symptoms scores, airflow obstruction, lung volumes and gas diffusion. Both EFL and ELDI were stable over 6 months. EFL and EDLI improved with bronchodilator treatment.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>COPD patients with rapid EFL development (determined by ELDI) had worse clinical characteristics than those with gradual EFL development. The rate of EFL development appears to be associated with clinical and physiological characteristics.</p>","PeriodicalId":49131,"journal":{"name":"Respiratory Research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":5.8,"publicationDate":"2024-10-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11448286/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142367142","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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Respiratory Research
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