Journal of Fluency Disorders最新文献_第3页

Speaking face-to-face with a virtual avatar to reduce anxiety in students who stutter: Tool development and pilot study results 与虚拟化身面对面交谈以减少口吃学生的焦虑：工具开发和试点研究结果

IF 2.1 3区医学 Q1 AUDIOLOGY & SPEECH-LANGUAGE PATHOLOGY

Journal of Fluency Disorders

Pub Date : 2026-03-01 Epub Date: 2026-01-13 DOI: 10.1016/j.jfludis.2026.106194

Mathieu Delangle , Anne Moïse-Richard , Anne-Lise Leclercq , David Labbé , Stéphane Bouchard , Sheldon Andrews , Lucie Ménard

Purpose

Speaking in class is challenging for students who stutter. Cognitive-behavioral therapy (CBT) with exposure in virtual reality (VR) emerges as a promising intervention for treating speaking anxiety in pediatric populations. This pilot study tested if real-time avatar-based VR can elicit anxiety responses while remaining acceptable to youth who stutter.

Method

Twelve students who stutter (aged 9–18) were randomly assigned to a single training session conducted either (1) in VR with a realistic avatar controlled live by their SLP, or (2) in role-play with their SLP, before facing a real actor. We assessed system acceptability, anxiety levels and perceived self-efficacy.

Results

The VR system was well accepted and elicited physiological arousal comparable to real-life interactions. Although participants reported experiencing less anxiety during VR, skin conductance level showed higher arousal; suggesting a divergence between the subjective report and physiological response. Finally, one training session (either in VR or with the SLP) did not produce gains in self-efficacy or decrease in anxiety related to the final real-actor conversation.

Conclusion

This study demonstrates evidence that the potential use of immersive VR could represent an acceptable and viable complementary strategy for SLP treatment, that could control exposure parameters while evoking physiological responses similar to real-life contexts. The differences between subjective and physiological measures suggest that VR is inducing anxiety responses differently than it was perceived. Further research could investigate the use of VR as anxiety interventions for students who stutter and should be explored across multi-session studies to understand their therapeutic effect.

对口吃的学生来说，在课堂上讲话是一项挑战。认知行为疗法（CBT）与虚拟现实（VR）暴露是治疗儿童语言焦虑的一种有前途的干预措施。这项初步研究测试了基于虚拟现实的实时虚拟现实是否能引起焦虑反应，同时仍能被口吃的年轻人接受。方法12名9-18岁的口吃学生被随机分配到一个单独的训练课程中，在面对真实演员之前，(1)在VR中由他们的SLP实时控制一个真实的化身，或(2)在角色扮演中由他们的SLP进行角色扮演。我们评估了系统的可接受性、焦虑程度和自我效能感。结果虚拟现实系统被广泛接受，并引发了与现实生活互动相当的生理唤醒。尽管参与者报告在VR过程中焦虑程度较低，但皮肤电导水平显示出更高的唤醒；表明主观报告和生理反应之间存在分歧。最后，一个训练课程（无论是VR还是SLP）并没有提高自我效能感，也没有减少与最后的真人对话相关的焦虑。本研究表明，沉浸式VR的潜在应用可能是SLP治疗的一种可接受且可行的补充策略，它可以控制暴露参数，同时引发类似于现实环境的生理反应。主观测量和生理测量之间的差异表明，虚拟现实引起的焦虑反应与感知到的不同。进一步的研究可以调查使用虚拟现实作为口吃学生的焦虑干预措施，并且应该在多阶段研究中进行探索，以了解其治疗效果。

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引用次数: 0

A novel use of choral speech significantly reduces stuttering in a simulated presentation setting: An exploratory study 一项探索性研究：在模拟演示环境中，合唱演讲的新应用显著减少了口吃

IF 2.1 3区医学 Q1 AUDIOLOGY & SPEECH-LANGUAGE PATHOLOGY

Journal of Fluency Disorders

Pub Date : 2025-12-01 Epub Date: 2025-10-28 DOI: 10.1016/j.jfludis.2025.106168

Birtan Demirel

Choral speech, defined as speaking in unison with another voice, has long been recognised for improving speech fluency while maintaining speech naturalness for people who stutter (PWS). However, its practical application has been limited by the need for a live second voice. This exploratory study investigated whether choral speech could be used in a simulated presentation setting with two alternative voice sources: participants’ own voice recording and computer-generated voice. The condition using participants’ own recording built on findings that many PWS experience increased fluency when speaking alone; participants therefore recorded their voice on their own, which was later played back through headphones during their presentation. In the computer-generated voice condition, participants synchronised their speech with a text-to-speech (TTS) decoder after uploading the presentation text. Two additional conditions were included for comparison: a baseline reading with no intervention, and a non-speech auditory feedback using white noise. Results showed a substantial decrease in disfluent syllables, with the mean percentage dropping from 10 % at baseline to below 3 % in both choral speech conditions. One participant reduced stuttering from 49 % to 2 %, and shortened reading duration from approximately 19 to 4 min with the TTS decoder, while improving perceived speech naturalness. To the author’s knowledge, these preliminary results are first to suggest that choral speech with a TTS decoder can significantly reduce stuttering in a simulated presentation setting. Further research should investigate its clinical potential to support real-life presentations and reduce public speaking avoidance.

合唱，被定义为与另一个声音齐声说话，长期以来一直被认为可以提高口吃者的语言流畅性，同时保持语言的自然性。然而，它的实际应用一直受到对现场第二声音的需求的限制。本探索性研究探讨了合唱是否可以在模拟演讲环境中使用两种替代声音来源：参与者自己录制的声音和计算机生成的声音。使用参与者自己录音的条件建立在许多PWS经历单独说话时流利程度提高的发现之上；因此，参与者自己录下自己的声音，然后在演讲时通过耳机回放。在计算机生成语音的条件下，参与者在上传演示文本后，将他们的演讲与文本到语音（TTS）解码器同步。另外两种情况用于比较：无干预的基线阅读和使用白噪声的非言语听觉反馈。结果显示，在两种合唱条件下，不流利音节的平均百分比从基线时的10 %下降到3 %以下。一名参与者使用TTS解码器将口吃从49% %减少到2% %，并将阅读时间从大约19分钟缩短到4 分钟，同时提高了感知语音的自然度。据作者所知，这些初步结果首次表明，在模拟演示环境中，使用TTS解码器的合唱演讲可以显著减少口吃。进一步的研究应该调查它的临床潜力，以支持现实生活中的演讲，减少公众演讲回避。

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引用次数: 0

Differential tolerance for the judgement of dysfluencies as stuttered speech in native and non-native speech-language pathologists 母语和非母语语言病理学家对言语不流利判断的差异容忍

IF 2.1 3区医学 Q1 AUDIOLOGY & SPEECH-LANGUAGE PATHOLOGY

Journal of Fluency Disorders

Pub Date : 2025-12-01 Epub Date: 2025-08-26 DOI: 10.1016/j.jfludis.2025.106150

Audrey J. Dsouza, Santosh Maruthy

Purpose

Accurate diagnosis of stuttering requires careful observation by trained professionals. Speech-language pathologists (SLPs) typically identify stuttering using a perceptual judgement. However, it is unclear if this perception is based on the amount or the type of dysfluencies. Hence, the study aimed to determine the frequency of syllable/part-word repetitions judged as stuttered and to determine if the listener's language influences their judgement of fluency.

Method

Narrative samples of a Kannada-speaking child who stutters containing 1 %, 3 %, 5 %, 10 %, and 15 % of syllable or part-word repetitions were judged by 27 Kannada and Malayalam-speaking SLPs each as fluent, disfluent, or stuttered. Further, an opinion about recommending the child for speech therapy was taken. The chi-square test and Fisher's exact test were performed to compare the difference between the two groups.

Results

Comparison between the five frequencies of dysfluencies and the judgement of speech revealed a significant difference for Kannada and Malayalam language groups. The non-native SLPs required more dysfluencies to judge speech as stuttered compared to the native SLPs. Both groups of SLPs recommended speech therapy for samples above 5 % dysfluencies.

Conclusions

Familiarity of Malayalam-speaking SLPs with the Kannada language and the experience of the participants in the assessment of stuttering could have influenced the differences obtained in this study. However, current results indicate a differential threshold for the perception of dysfluencies (syllable and part-word repetitions) and the influence of the listener's language familiarity. Hence, language familiarity may be a factor in the judgement of dysfluencies as fluent, disfluent, and stuttered speech.

目的：结巴的准确诊断需要经过专业训练的专业人员仔细观察。语言病理学家（slp）通常使用感知判断来识别口吃。然而，目前尚不清楚这种看法是基于不流利的数量还是类型。因此，本研究旨在确定被判断为口吃的音节/部分单词重复的频率，并确定听者的语言是否会影响他们对流利程度的判断。方法用27名说卡纳达语和马拉雅拉姆语的slp分别判断1 %、3 %、5 %、10 %和15 %的音节或部分单词重复的卡纳达语口吃儿童的叙述样本为流利、不流利或口吃。此外，还提出了建议孩子进行语言治疗的意见。采用卡方检验和Fisher精确检验比较两组间的差异。结果比较五种不流畅频率与言语判断的差异，发现卡纳达语和马拉雅拉姆语组存在显著差异。与母语的语言障碍者相比，非母语的语言障碍者需要更多的流利障碍来判断言语是否结巴。两组slp都建议对5% %以上的语言障碍患者进行语言治疗。结论说马拉雅拉姆语的slp对卡纳达语的熟悉程度和参与者在口吃评估中的经验可能影响了本研究得出的差异。然而，目前的研究结果表明，对不流畅（音节和部分单词重复）的感知和听者语言熟悉程度的影响存在差异阈值。因此，语言熟悉程度可能是判断流利、不流利和结巴等语言障碍的一个因素。

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引用次数: 0

Exploring the needs and preferences of Saudi Arabian adolescents who stutter 探索沙特阿拉伯口吃青少年的需求和偏好

IF 2.1 3区医学 Q1 AUDIOLOGY & SPEECH-LANGUAGE PATHOLOGY

Journal of Fluency Disorders

Pub Date : 2025-12-01 Epub Date: 2025-10-24 DOI: 10.1016/j.jfludis.2025.106165

Einas Alharbi , Sally Hewat , Joanne Walters , Rachael Unicomb

Purpose

During adolescence, individuals experience rapid physical, cognitive, and psychosocial changes. This transition may raise additional challenges for an adolescent who stutters. Although previous research has examined the experiences of adolescents who stutter, their preferences remain unstudied, particularly in non-Western countries. This qualitative study explored how Saudi Arabian adolescents who stutter perceive their stuttering and its management, and their preferences for support.

Method

To gain preliminary insight into this unstudied area of research, eight participants, aged 13–17 years and 11 months, diagnosed with developmental stuttering by a qualified speech-language pathologist, and were Saudi Arabian citizens living in Saudi Arabia, were recruited through administrative staff at two clinics. Reflexive thematic analysis was used to identify themes and sub-themes.

Results

Data revealed four main themes: Stuttering and my emotions; Stuttering and my environment; Therapy is a journey; and Listen to my voice. Although some participants reported feeling positive about their stuttering, all participants had experienced negative emotions due to stuttering. Furthermore, others' awareness and reactions to stuttering played a significant role in shaping participants’ communication experiences. The results emphasised that stuttering therapy is a dynamic, individualized journey. Participants desired more than speech therapy; they also sought independence, privacy, and support from their social environment.

Conclusion

Results highlighted that Saudi Arabian adolescents who stutter want to be heard and supported by people in their environment. Key stakeholders, including speech-language pathologists, teachers, caregivers, adolescents, and professional bodies, could utilise this information to develop tailored evidence-based interventions and provide individualised support for adolescents who stutter.

目的在青春期，个体经历快速的身体、认知和心理社会变化。这种转变可能会给口吃的青少年带来额外的挑战。尽管之前的研究已经调查了口吃青少年的经历，但他们的偏好仍然没有得到研究，特别是在非西方国家。这项定性研究探讨了沙特阿拉伯的口吃青少年如何看待他们的口吃及其管理，以及他们对支持的偏好。方法为了初步了解这一未被研究的研究领域，通过两家诊所的管理人员招募了8名年龄在13-17岁零11个月的参与者，他们都是居住在沙特阿拉伯的沙特阿拉伯公民，由一名合格的语言病理学家诊断为发育性口吃。反身性主题分析用于识别主题和副主题。结果数据揭示了四个主要主题：口吃和我的情绪；口吃和我的环境；治疗是一个旅程；听我的声音。尽管一些参与者对自己的口吃感到积极，但所有参与者都因口吃而经历了负面情绪。此外，其他人对口吃的认识和反应在塑造参与者的沟通体验中起着重要作用。研究结果强调，口吃治疗是一个动态的、个性化的过程。参与者想要的不仅仅是语言治疗；他们还寻求独立、隐私和社会环境的支持。结论研究结果表明，沙特阿拉伯的口吃青少年希望在他们的环境中得到他人的倾听和支持。主要利益相关者，包括语言病理学家、教师、护理人员、青少年和专业机构，可以利用这些信息制定量身定制的循证干预措施，并为口吃青少年提供个性化支持。

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引用次数: 0

More than meets the eye: Self-rated covert stuttering is linked to reduced psychosocial and communicative outcomes 不仅仅是表面现象：自我评定的隐性口吃与社会心理和交流结果的降低有关

IF 2.1 3区医学 Q1 AUDIOLOGY & SPEECH-LANGUAGE PATHOLOGY

Journal of Fluency Disorders

Pub Date : 2025-12-01 Epub Date: 2025-09-20 DOI: 10.1016/j.jfludis.2025.106162

Michael P. Boyle, Amy L. Rosen

Purpose

The purpose of this study was to investigate whether self-rated covert stuttering (i.e., the extent of being able to keep stuttering hidden from others) was associated with anxiety, quality of life, social role satisfaction, speech usage, and salience of stuttering among adults who stutter.

Methods

A sample of 316 adults who stutter was asked about the extent to which they believed they were successful in concealing their stuttering so that others did not know that they stuttered. The sample was divided into two groups, one comprised of people who believed they were more often than not overtly stuttering, and those who believed they were more covert. Groups were compared on variables of anxiety, quality of life, social role satisfaction, speech usage, and salience of stuttering, taking into account demographic and speech-related variables.

Results

There were significant correlations between level of self-rated covertness and all dependent variables. The group that reported being more covert reported significantly higher levels of stuttering salience, and significantly lower levels of quality of life, social role satisfaction, and speech usage compared to the less covert group, after taking into account demographic variables.

Conclusion

Focusing on stuttering visibility in therapy or research, without taking covert stuttering into account, may not optimize outcomes important psychosocial and communicative factors important to people who stutter. Taking into account the extent to which a person who stutters tries to hide their stuttering in assessment and treatment may help improve psychosocial and communicative outcomes, regardless of their physical speech disruption severity.

目的本研究的目的是调查自我评定的隐蔽性口吃（即能够对他人隐瞒口吃的程度）是否与口吃成人的焦虑、生活质量、社会角色满意度、语言使用和口吃的显著性有关。方法对316名口吃的成年人进行抽样调查，询问他们认为自己在多大程度上能够成功地隐藏自己的口吃，使别人不知道自己口吃。这些样本被分为两组，一组认为自己经常明显口吃，另一组认为自己更隐蔽。在考虑人口统计学和语言相关变量的情况下，对各组进行焦虑、生活质量、社会角色满意度、语言使用和口吃显著性等变量的比较。结果自评隐蔽性水平与各因变量均有显著相关。考虑到人口统计变量后，报告更隐蔽的小组报告的口吃显著更高，而生活质量、社会角色满意度和语言使用水平明显低于不那么隐蔽的小组。结论在治疗或研究中关注口吃的可见性，而不考虑隐性口吃，可能无法优化结果，这是对口吃者重要的重要社会心理和交际因素。考虑到口吃者在评估和治疗中试图隐藏口吃的程度，可能有助于改善社会心理和交流结果，而不管他们的肢体语言障碍的严重程度如何。

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引用次数: 0

Working life experiences of people who stutter in Finland: Recommendations for enhancing inclusive communication at work 芬兰口吃者的工作生活经验：加强工作中包容性沟通的建议。

IF 2.1 3区医学 Q1 AUDIOLOGY & SPEECH-LANGUAGE PATHOLOGY

Journal of Fluency Disorders

Pub Date : 2025-12-01 Epub Date: 2025-11-16 DOI: 10.1016/j.jfludis.2025.106175

Johanna Nissinen, Nelly Penttilä, Melisa Stevanovic, Veera Pirinen

Purpose

People who stutter (PWS) face public stigma, characterized by negative societal beliefs and stereotypes. Due to lack of awareness, PWS may be perceived as inferior and less intelligent, capable, and social, affecting their psychological well-being. While some aspects of the impact of stuttering—such as income, role entrapment, and discrimination—have been explored in previous research, less is known about the deeper personal experiences of PWS in working life. This study highlights the workplace experiences of PWS, their personal aspirations, and ideas for improvement. By understanding more of PWS' experiences and emotions related to communication at work, it is possible to create a more inclusive working life.

Method

Data were collected through an online survey from 45 Finnish participants over the age of 18 who stutter and have work experience. The data were analyzed using Interpretative Phenomenological Analysis (IPA) and thematic analysis.

Results

Over half the participants (n = 25, 56 %) reported that they do not speak openly about their stuttering within their current or previous work community. PWS described their experiences in terms of fears of public stigma, internalized stigma, and resisting stigma-driven assumptions. PWS expressed a desire for increased awareness of stuttering and for the promotion of greater inclusivity in working life.

Conclusion

Negative experiences of PWS often reflect broader societal attitudes. Participants suggested implementing flexible communication strategies to create inclusive workplaces, reducing microaggressions, supporting productivity, and enhancing job satisfaction. Embracing communication diversity can unlock employee potential and foster inclusivity. Respecting privacy and not requiring disclosure of personal information is crucial.

目的：口吃者面临着公众的耻辱感，其特征是负面的社会信仰和刻板印象。由于缺乏意识，PWS可能会被认为是低人一等、不聪明、不能干、不善于社交，从而影响他们的心理健康。虽然先前的研究已经探讨了口吃影响的某些方面，如收入、角色陷阱和歧视，但对PWS在工作生活中更深层次的个人经历知之甚少。这项研究强调了PWS的工作经历，他们的个人愿望和改进的想法。通过更多地了解PWS在工作中与沟通相关的经历和情绪，可以创造一个更具包容性的工作生活。方法：通过在线调查收集了45名18岁以上的芬兰口吃者和有工作经验的人的数据。采用解释现象学分析（IPA）和专题分析对数据进行分析。结果：超过一半的参与者（n = 25,56 %）报告说，他们不会在现在或以前的工作社区中公开谈论自己的口吃。PWS从恐惧公众污名、内化污名和抵制污名驱动的假设方面描述了他们的经历。PWS表示希望提高对口吃的认识，并在工作生活中促进更大的包容性。结论：PWS的负面经历往往反映了更广泛的社会态度。与会者建议实施灵活的沟通策略，以创造包容的工作场所，减少微侵犯，支持生产力，提高工作满意度。拥抱沟通多样性可以释放员工的潜力，促进包容性。尊重隐私和不要求披露个人信息是至关重要的。

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引用次数: 0

Evidence of different grey matter volume patterns in men and women who stutter – An explorative structural MRI study 男性和女性口吃者灰质体积模式不同的证据——一项探索性结构MRI研究

IF 2.1 3区医学 Q1 AUDIOLOGY & SPEECH-LANGUAGE PATHOLOGY

Journal of Fluency Disorders

Pub Date : 2025-12-01 Epub Date: 2025-10-16 DOI: 10.1016/j.jfludis.2025.106164

Siv Andresen , Frøydis Morken , Karsten Specht , Per A. Alm

Developmental stuttering is a disorder with a high degree of heterogeneity, both behaviourally and neurologically. Research from different perspectives of stuttering indicates that sex is a potentially differentiating factor. In our study we explored if sex is related to variability of grey matter volume (GMV) patterns in adults with developmental stuttering. We used MRI to collect data on GMV from 24 righthanded adults who stutter (9 women and 15 men) and 29 righthanded fluent controls (10 women and 19 men). We analysed the following for 24 ROIs of the language system: 1) whole-group differences between the stuttering group and controls and 2) interaction between group (adults with stuttering versus controls) and sex. Our explorative results indicate that differences in grey matter volume between adults with stuttering and fluent adults are sex-specific for several areas involved in speech and language processing. We found an interaction between group and sex for the right BA45. The interaction indicates that men who stutter have larger GMV in this area compared to fluent men while women who stutter have smaller GMV compared to fluent women. Further, we found indications of sex-specific patterns in other areas of the bilateral inferior frontal cortex, but not the BA44, as well as in the cerebellum and the striatum.

发展性口吃是一种在行为上和神经上都具有高度异质性的疾病。从不同角度对口吃进行的研究表明，性别是一个潜在的区分因素。在我们的研究中，我们探讨了性别是否与成人发育性口吃的灰质体积（GMV）模式的可变性有关。我们使用MRI收集了24名右撇子口吃成人（9名女性和15名男性）和29名右撇子流利对照（10名女性和19名男性）的GMV数据。我们对24个语言系统的roi进行了以下分析：1)口吃组和对照组之间的整体差异；2)口吃组（口吃成人与对照组）和性别之间的互动。我们的探索性结果表明，口吃的成年人和流利的成年人之间的灰质体积差异在涉及语音和语言处理的几个区域具有性别特异性。我们发现，对于正确的BA45，群体和性别之间存在相互作用。相互作用表明，口吃的男性在这一区域的GMV比流利的男性大，而口吃的女性在这一区域的GMV比流利的女性小。此外，我们在双侧额叶下皮层的其他区域发现了性别特异性模式的迹象，但在BA44以及小脑和纹状体中没有。

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引用次数: 0

Phonological processing and encoding in the repetition and recognition of nonwords: A comparative study of Turkish-speaking school-aged children who stutter and their fluent peers 非词重复和识别中的语音加工和编码：土耳其语口吃学龄儿童与流利学龄儿童的比较研究

IF 2.1 3区医学 Q1 AUDIOLOGY & SPEECH-LANGUAGE PATHOLOGY

Journal of Fluency Disorders

Pub Date : 2025-12-01 Epub Date: 2025-10-30 DOI: 10.1016/j.jfludis.2025.106169

İrem Akkaya , Özlem Öge-Daşdöğen

Purpose

This study compares the performance of Turkish-speaking school-aged children who stutter (CWS) and their fluent peers (CWNS) in nonword recognition (NW_rec) and nonword repetition (NW_rep) tasks. The effects of syllable length on NW_rec accuracy and NW_rep accuracy, number of attempts, and first-attempt accuracy were examined. NW_rep fluency was assessed only in the CWS group.

Method

Seventeen CWS (6–12 years) and 17 age- and sex-matched CWNS participated. NW_rec required identifying a target nonword from three probes across syllable lengths (2-, 3-, and 4-syllables). NW_rep involved repeating 12 nonwords per syllable set, assessing accuracy, attempts, first-attempt accuracy, and fluency.

Results

Group significantly predicted NW_rec (p = .039), with CWNS outperforming CWS. Age positively affected NW_rec (p = .003) and NW_rep accuracy (p < .001). Syllable length influenced NW_rep accuracy (p < .001), number of attempts (p < .001), and fluency (p = .004). Significant Group × Length interactions were found for number of attempts (p < .001) and first-attempt accuracy (p = .006). Post-hoc comparisons were conducted for these interactions and fluency. Two-syllable items were most fluent, and group differences were most pronounced in the four-syllable condition.

Conclusion

CWNS outperformed CWS in NW_rec. Age influenced NW_rec and NW_rep accuracy. Syllable length did not affect NW_rec but impacted NW_rep: accuracy declined, attempts increased, and first-attempt accuracy and fluency decreased with longer nonwords. Significant interactions emerged for first-attempt accuracy and attempts, with four-syllable items especially challenging for CWS. Findings underscore NW_rep’s phonological–articulatory demands, supporting separate recognition and production assessment.

目的比较说突厥语的口吃学龄儿童（CWS）和流利学龄儿童（CWNS）在非词识别（NWrec）和非词重复（NWrep）任务中的表现。研究了音节长度对词频准确度和词频准确度、尝试次数和首次尝试准确度的影响。仅在CWS组中评估NWrep流畅性。方法17例6 ~ 12岁的CWS和17例年龄、性别匹配的CWS。NWrec需要从跨音节长度（2、3和4音节）的三个探针中识别目标非词。NWrep包括每个音节重复12个非单词，评估准确性、尝试次数、第一次尝试的准确性和流利度。结果组显著预测NWrec （p = ）。039)，其中CWNS表现优于CWS。年龄正影响NWrec （p = .003）和NWrep准确率（p <； .001）。音节长度影响nwrp的准确性（p <； ）。001)，尝试次数(p <； 。001)，流畅性（p = .004）。尝试次数（p <； .001）和首次尝试准确性（p = .006）存在显著的组× 长度交互作用。对这些互动和流畅性进行了事后比较。双音节项目最流利，四音节项目的组间差异最明显。结论在NWrec中，cwns优于CWS。年龄影响NWrec和NWrep的准确性。音节长度不影响NWrec，但会影响NWrep：准确性下降，尝试次数增加，第一次尝试的准确性和流畅性随着非单词的增加而下降。在首次尝试的准确性和尝试次数方面出现了显著的相互作用，对于CWS来说，四音节项目尤其具有挑战性。研究结果强调了NWrep的语音-发音要求，支持单独的识别和生产评估。

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引用次数: 0

Sublexical speech perception and attention networks in bilingual adults who stutter: A behavioral and electrophysiological study 双语口吃成人的亚词汇言语感知和注意网络：一项行为和电生理研究。

IF 2.1 3区医学 Q1 AUDIOLOGY & SPEECH-LANGUAGE PATHOLOGY

Journal of Fluency Disorders

Pub Date : 2025-12-01 Epub Date: 2025-09-08 DOI: 10.1016/j.jfludis.2025.106160

Annelien Dorme , Yana Criel , Kurt Eggers , Evy Woumans , Arnaud Szmalec , Miet De Letter

Purpose

Several studies show that adults who stutter have deficient auditory perception and attentional control. Moreover, these studies tend to focus on monolinguals, whereas both stuttering and bilingualism seem to have implications for these processes. This study aimed (1) to compare sublexical speech perception and nonlinguistic, nonauditory attention networks between bilingual adults who stutter (BAWS) and who do not stutter (BANS) and (2) to explore to which extent second language (L2) proficiency influences these processes.

Method

Thirteen BAWS and thirteen BANS were enrolled in an electrophysiological protocol using an inattentive (MMN) and an attentive auditory oddball paradigm (P300) containing a phonemic contrast (place of articulation). The Attention Network Test (ANT) was administered as a behavioral measure of attentional control.

Results

(1) The amplitude and onset latency of the MMN and P300 effect did not differ between BAWS and BANS, but BAWS did not show a typical differentiation between standard and deviant syllables as measured by the P2. Behaviorally, BAWS displayed a less efficient alerting network and executive attention network. (2) L2 proficiency had no significant effect on sublexical speech perception, but was negatively associated with executive attention in BAWS.

Conclusions

These results suggest that BAWS display difficulties in maintaining an alert state and inhibiting irrelevant and selecting relevant information, rather than selecting information from sensory input. In sensory processing, BAWS showed an atypical pattern compared to BANS, but no disparities in phoneme discrimination or categorization, regardless of an inattentive or attentive listening mode. Lastly, L2 proficiency influenced nonlinguistic, nonauditory attention in BAWS, emphasizing the need for more comprehensive research on bilingual profiles in people who stutter.

目的：几项研究表明，口吃的成年人有听觉感知和注意力控制缺陷。此外，这些研究倾向于关注单语者，而口吃和双语者似乎都对这些过程有影响。本研究旨在(1)比较口吃和非口吃双语成人的亚词汇言语感知和非语言、非听觉注意网络；(2)探索第二语言熟练程度对这些过程的影响程度。方法：采用不注意（MMN）和注意听觉怪异范式（P300）对13名BAWS和13名ban进行电生理实验，其中包含音位对比（发音位置）。注意网络测试（ANT）作为注意控制的行为测量。结果：(1)MMN和P300效应的振幅和起效潜伏期在BAWS和ban之间没有差异，但BAWS不存在典型的标准音节和异常音节的区别。在行为上，BAWS表现出效率较低的警报网络和执行注意网络。(2)二语熟练程度对亚词汇语音感知无显著影响，但对执行注意有显著负相关。结论：这些结果表明BAWS在保持警觉状态、抑制无关信息和选择相关信息方面存在困难，而不是从感官输入中选择信息。在感觉加工方面，BAWS与ban相比表现出非典型模式，但在音素识别和分类方面没有差异，无论注意力不集中还是注意力倾听模式。最后，第二语言熟练程度影响结巴者的非语言、非听觉注意，强调需要对结巴者的双语特征进行更全面的研究。

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引用次数: 0

Attitudes toward stuttering of speech-language pathology students from Puerto Rico before and after completing the degree 波多黎各语言病理学学生完成学位前后对口吃的态度

IF 2.1 3区医学 Q1 AUDIOLOGY & SPEECH-LANGUAGE PATHOLOGY

Journal of Fluency Disorders

Pub Date : 2025-12-01 Epub Date: 2025-09-16 DOI: 10.1016/j.jfludis.2025.106161

Edna J. Carlo , Bárbara M. Pratts-Pérez , Kenneth O. St. Louis

Purpose

This study examines the attitudes towards stuttering of 18 Hispanic students from the University of Puerto Rico, before and after their master’s speech-language pathology (SLP) training, using the Public Opinion Survey of Human Attributes–Stuttering (POSHA–S).

Methods

Two cohorts of students completed the Spanish version of the POSHA–S during initial graduate orientation and post-graduation interviews.

Results

Statistically significant changes were observed in attitudes, with an overall improvement in the Overall Stuttering Score (OSS), Beliefs, and Self Reactions. Fifteen of 62 comparisons

(24 %) were significant, with an average change of 1.6 standard deviations, indicating a “very large” effect size. Pre-training student attitudes were similar to those of the Puerto Rican public but worse than those of Puerto Rican teachers. Compared to > 200 samples in the international POSHA–S database, students’ mean rank increased from pre- to post-training from the 58th percentile to the 79th percentile, reflecting more positive attitudes compared to global data.

Conclusions

The findings demonstrate the effectiveness of graduate training in improving SLP students' attitudes towards stuttering, highlighting a significant positive shift from initial attitudes similar to the public to a more informed perspective post-education. This suggests that SLP training can effectively influence perceptions and beliefs about stuttering.

目的本研究采用人类属性-口吃公众意见调查（POSHA-S），考察波多黎各大学18名西班牙裔学生在接受硕士语言病理学（SLP）培训前后对口吃的态度。方法两组学生在最初的研究生入学指导和毕业后面试期间完成了西班牙语版POSHA-S。结果在态度、总体口吃评分（OSS）、信念和自我反应方面均有显著改善。62个比较中有15个（24% %）显著，平均变化为1.6标准差，表明“非常大”的效应量。训练前学生的态度与波多黎各公众的态度相似，但比波多黎各教师的态度差。与国际POSHA-S数据库中的>； 200个样本相比，学生的平均排名从训练前到训练后从第58个百分位数上升到第79个百分位数，与全球数据相比，反映出更积极的态度。结论：研究结果表明，研究生培训在改善SLP学生对口吃的态度方面是有效的，突出了从最初与公众相似的态度到教育后更明智的观点的显著积极转变。这表明SLP训练可以有效地影响对口吃的认知和信念。

{"title":"Attitudes toward stuttering of speech-language pathology students from Puerto Rico before and after completing the degree","authors":"Edna J. Carlo , Bárbara M. Pratts-Pérez , Kenneth O. St. Louis","doi":"10.1016/j.jfludis.2025.106161","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jfludis.2025.106161","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Purpose</h3><div>This study examines the attitudes towards stuttering of 18 Hispanic students from the University of Puerto Rico, before and after their master’s speech-language pathology (SLP) training, using the <em>Public Opinion Survey of Human Attributes–Stuttering</em> (<em>POSHA–S</em>).</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Two cohorts of students completed the Spanish version of the <em>POSHA–S</em> during initial graduate orientation and post-graduation interviews.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Statistically significant changes were observed in attitudes, with an overall improvement in the Overall Stuttering Score (OSS), Beliefs, and Self Reactions. Fifteen of 62 comparisons</div><div>(24 %) were significant, with an average change of 1.6 standard deviations, indicating a “very large” effect size. Pre-training student attitudes were similar to those of the Puerto Rican public but worse than those of Puerto Rican teachers. Compared to > 200 samples in the international <em>POSHA–S</em> database, students’ mean rank increased from pre- to post-training from the 58th percentile to the 79th percentile, reflecting more positive attitudes compared to global data.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>The findings demonstrate the effectiveness of graduate training in improving SLP students' attitudes towards stuttering, highlighting a significant positive shift from initial attitudes similar to the public to a more informed perspective post-education. This suggests that SLP training can effectively influence perceptions and beliefs about stuttering.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":49166,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Fluency Disorders","volume":"86 ","pages":"Article 106161"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2025-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145118953","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0