Pub Date : 2023-11-05DOI: 10.1016/j.jcomdis.2023.106388
Audrey J. Dsouza , Vasupradaa Manivannan , Santosh Maruthy
Purpose
The current study was carried out to explore clients’ expectations from stuttering therapy using the qualitative content method in the Indian context.
Method
Twenty-one Kannada-speaking adults who stutter between the age range of 18–33 years participated in the study. The procedure involved three phases, including the formulation of semi-structured interview questions, data collection and analysis. Inductive content analysis was used to determine the categories and sub-categories arising from the participants verbatim. The frequency count of emerging sub-categories was completed, and the data was interpreted.
Results
The overall analysis of the data obtained from 21 participants generated three categories under the theme of expectations from speech therapy. The categories generated included beliefs and understanding of stuttering, stuttering and related behaviours, and goals and outcome of therapy.
Conclusion
Selecting personalised goals and techniques during therapy is necessary to improve client satisfaction. This study helps clinicians to understand the anticipatory beliefs of Kannada-speaking adults who stutter and educate them about achievable and realistic goals, leading to shared decision-making to ensure better quality of life and satisfaction in everyday speaking situations.
{"title":"Expectations from stuttering therapy: Qualitative content analysis of client's perspective in Kannada-speaking adults who stutter","authors":"Audrey J. Dsouza , Vasupradaa Manivannan , Santosh Maruthy","doi":"10.1016/j.jcomdis.2023.106388","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jcomdis.2023.106388","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Purpose</h3><p>The current study was carried out to explore clients’ expectations from stuttering therapy using the qualitative content method in the Indian context.</p></div><div><h3>Method</h3><p>Twenty-one Kannada-speaking adults who stutter between the age range of 18–33 years participated in the study. The procedure involved three phases, including the formulation of semi-structured interview questions, data collection and analysis. Inductive content analysis was used to determine the categories and sub-categories arising from the participants verbatim. The frequency count of emerging sub-categories was completed, and the data was interpreted.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>The overall analysis of the data obtained from 21 participants generated three categories under the theme of expectations from speech therapy. The categories generated included beliefs and understanding of stuttering, stuttering and related behaviours, and goals and outcome of therapy.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><p>Selecting personalised goals and techniques during therapy is necessary to improve client satisfaction. This study helps clinicians to understand the anticipatory beliefs of Kannada-speaking adults who stutter and educate them about achievable and realistic goals, leading to shared decision-making to ensure better quality of life and satisfaction in everyday speaking situations.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":49175,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Communication Disorders","volume":"107 ","pages":"Article 106388"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2023-11-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0021992423000886/pdfft?md5=74670b7e6561217cc519f58745af8bd4&pid=1-s2.0-S0021992423000886-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135455365","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-11-01DOI: 10.1016/j.jcomdis.2023.106387
Megan M. Young , Courtney T. Byrd , Rodney Gabel
Purpose
Self-disclosure statements that are informative, rather than apologetic, have been demonstrated to improve listener perceptions of adults who stutter (Byrd et al., 2017). The purpose of the present study is to investigate the benefits of self-disclosure from the perspective of the speaker and to determine whether self-disclosure statement type is associated with self-perceived outcomes of use.
Method
A total of 156 adults who stutter completed a survey adapted from a previous study investigating affective, behavioral, and cognitive outcomes of voluntary stuttering. Survey responses were analyzed using descriptive and inferential statistics to determine if there was a significant relationship between self-disclosure statement type and self-reported outcomes. Additionally, responses to two open-ended questions relating to timing of self-disclosure and self-disclosure experiences in general were analyzed using reflexive thematic analysis.
Results
Self-disclosure was perceived as beneficial in at least one context by 96.8 % of respondents. Respondents who used an informative self-disclosure statement were more likely to agree that self-disclosure increased confidence and were less likely to report attempting to conceal or avoid stuttering than respondents who used an apologetic self-disclosure statement. Themes relating to additional aspects of self-disclosure experiences included personalized use, social connection, acceptance of stuttering, challenging cognitive distortions, communication is easier, self-empowerment, humor, voluntary stuttering, and vulnerability to prejudice.
Conclusion
Similar to studies investigating the influence of self-disclosure on listener perceptions, informative self-disclosure is associated with greater self-perceived benefits than apologetic self-disclosure for adults who stutter.
{"title":"Self-perceived outcomes of informative and apologetic self-disclosure: A mixed methods study","authors":"Megan M. Young , Courtney T. Byrd , Rodney Gabel","doi":"10.1016/j.jcomdis.2023.106387","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jcomdis.2023.106387","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Purpose</h3><p>Self-disclosure statements that are informative, rather than apologetic, have been demonstrated to improve listener perceptions of adults who stutter (Byrd et al., 2017). The purpose of the present study is to investigate the benefits of self-disclosure from the perspective of the speaker and to determine whether self-disclosure statement type is associated with self-perceived outcomes of use.</p></div><div><h3>Method</h3><p>A total of 156 adults who stutter completed a survey adapted from a previous study investigating affective, behavioral, and cognitive outcomes of voluntary stuttering. Survey responses were analyzed using descriptive and inferential statistics to determine if there was a significant relationship between self-disclosure statement type and self-reported outcomes. Additionally, responses to two open-ended questions relating to timing of self-disclosure and self-disclosure experiences in general were analyzed using reflexive thematic analysis.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>Self-disclosure was perceived as beneficial in at least one context by 96.8 % of respondents. Respondents who used an informative self-disclosure statement were more likely to agree that self-disclosure increased confidence and were less likely to report attempting to conceal or avoid stuttering than respondents who used an apologetic self-disclosure statement. Themes relating to additional aspects of self-disclosure experiences included personalized use, social connection, acceptance of stuttering, challenging cognitive distortions, communication is easier, self-empowerment, humor, voluntary stuttering, and vulnerability to prejudice.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><p>Similar to studies investigating the influence of self-disclosure on listener perceptions, informative self-disclosure is associated with greater self-perceived benefits than apologetic self-disclosure for adults who stutter.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":49175,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Communication Disorders","volume":"106 ","pages":"Article 106387"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2023-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"71428293","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Recently, a new holistic Patient Reported Outcome Measure (PROM) to assess hearing-related quality of life was developed, named the hearing-related quality of life questionnaire for Auditory-VIsual, COgnitive and Psychosocial functioning (hAVICOP). The purpose of the current study was to evaluate if the hAVICOP is sufficiently sensitive to detect an age effect in the hearing-related quality of life.
Methods
One-hundred thirteen normal-hearing participants (mean age: 42.13; range: 19 to 69 years) filled in the entire hAVICOP questionnaire online through the Research Electronic Data Capture surface. The hAVICOP consists of 27 statements, across three major subdomains (auditory-visual, cognitive, and psychosocial functioning), which have to be rated on a visual analogue scale ranging from 0 (rarely to never) to 100 (almost always). Mean scores were calculated for each subdomain separately as well as combined within a total score; the worse one's hearing-related quality of life, the lower the score. Linear regression models were run to predict the hAVICOP total as well as the three subdomain scores from age and sex.
Results
A significant main effect of age was observed for the total hAVICOP and all three subdomain scores, indicating a decrease in hearing-related quality of life with increasing age. For none of the analyses, a significant sex effect was found.
Conclusion
The hAVICOP is sufficiently sensitive to detect an age effect in the hearing-related quality of life within a large group of normal-hearing adults, emphasizing its clinical utility. This age effect on the hearing-related quality of life might be related to the interplay of age-related changes in the bottom-up and top-down processes involved during speech processing.
{"title":"The effect of age on the hearing-related quality of life in normal-hearing adults","authors":"Katrien Kestens , Hannah Keppler , Dorien Ceuleers , Stephanie Lecointre , Flore De Langhe , Sofie Degeest","doi":"10.1016/j.jcomdis.2023.106386","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jcomdis.2023.106386","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Introduction</h3><p>Recently, a new holistic Patient Reported Outcome Measure (PROM) to assess hearing-related quality of life was developed, named the hearing-related quality of life questionnaire for Auditory-VIsual, COgnitive and Psychosocial functioning (hAVICOP). The purpose of the current study was to evaluate if the hAVICOP is sufficiently sensitive to detect an age effect in the hearing-related quality of life.</p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p>One-hundred thirteen normal-hearing participants (mean age: 42.13; range: 19 to 69 years) filled in the entire hAVICOP questionnaire online through the Research Electronic Data Capture surface. The hAVICOP consists of 27 statements, across three major subdomains (auditory-visual, cognitive, and psychosocial functioning), which have to be rated on a visual analogue scale ranging from 0 (rarely to never) to 100 (almost always). Mean scores were calculated for each subdomain separately as well as combined within a total score; the worse one's hearing-related quality of life, the lower the score. Linear regression models were run to predict the hAVICOP total as well as the three subdomain scores from age and sex.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>A significant main effect of age was observed for the total hAVICOP and all three subdomain scores, indicating a decrease in hearing-related quality of life with increasing age. For none of the analyses, a significant sex effect was found.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><p>The hAVICOP is sufficiently sensitive to detect an age effect in the hearing-related quality of life within a large group of normal-hearing adults, emphasizing its clinical utility. This age effect on the hearing-related quality of life might be related to the interplay of age-related changes in the bottom-up and top-down processes involved during speech processing.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":49175,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Communication Disorders","volume":"106 ","pages":"Article 106386"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2023-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"71428294","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-11-01DOI: 10.1016/j.jcomdis.2023.106382
Krista Tuohimaa , Soile Loukusa , Heikki Löppönen , Taina Välimaa , Sari Kunnari
{"title":"Corrigendum to ’Communication abilities in children with hearing loss – views of parents and daycare professionals’ [Journal of Communication Disorders 99 (2022) 106256]","authors":"Krista Tuohimaa , Soile Loukusa , Heikki Löppönen , Taina Välimaa , Sari Kunnari","doi":"10.1016/j.jcomdis.2023.106382","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jcomdis.2023.106382","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":49175,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Communication Disorders","volume":"106 ","pages":"Article 106382"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2023-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0021992423000825/pdfft?md5=5c2fb95cd4982816a5e06dc8f21a81f4&pid=1-s2.0-S0021992423000825-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49684126","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-10-18DOI: 10.1016/j.jcomdis.2023.106384
Naomi Hashimoto
Introduction
The purpose of the study was to pilot a working memory (WM) – and modified Semantic Feature Analysis (SFA) approach to treat word finding deficits in a group of people with aphasia (PwA). Two research questions were posed: 1. Will the group of PwA be able to complete the WM tasks used in the approach? 2. Will the approach improve naming performance in PwA?
Method
Three individuals with mild – moderate aphasia participated in this singlesubject multiple baseline treatment design. Pre-treatment assessments of language, and pre- to post-treatment assessments of WM abilities were carried out. The treatment protocol incorporated WM and linguistic tasks in order to improve naming accuracy across two treatment lists. Probes were carried out prior to treatment on each list, and at one-month following completion of treatment. Two outcome measures were obtained: Percent accuracy in completing the WM steps, and treatment effect sizes (Beeson & Robey, 2006). Additionally, modified t-tests (Crawford & Garthwaite, 2012; Crawford & Howell, 1998), were calculated in which post-treatment WM measures were compared against neurotypical control groups to detect any improvements in WM functions.
Results
All three participants completed the WM steps with a high degree of accuracy. A range of small to large ESs were obtained for all three participants across the two treated lists, while no meaningful ESs were obtained for the control (untreated) list. All three participants demonstrated improved scores across most of the WM measures with significant improvements noted on certain WM assessments.
Conclusions
The findings revealed that the WM – SFA approach can be used successfully in individuals with mild – moderate aphasia. The proposed approach holds promise as feasible intervention designed to remediate anomia in PwA.
{"title":"Using a combined working memory – Semantic feature analysis approach to treat anomia in aphasia: A Pilot Study","authors":"Naomi Hashimoto","doi":"10.1016/j.jcomdis.2023.106384","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jcomdis.2023.106384","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Introduction</h3><p>The purpose of the study was to pilot a working memory (WM) – and modified Semantic Feature Analysis (SFA) approach to treat word finding deficits in a group of people with aphasia (PwA). Two research questions were posed: 1. Will the group of PwA be able to complete the WM tasks used in the approach? 2. Will the approach improve naming performance in PwA?</p></div><div><h3>Method</h3><p>Three individuals with mild – moderate aphasia participated in this singlesubject multiple baseline treatment design. Pre-treatment assessments of language, and pre- to post-treatment assessments of WM abilities were carried out. The treatment protocol incorporated WM and linguistic tasks in order to improve naming accuracy across two treatment lists. Probes were carried out prior to treatment on each list, and at one-month following completion of treatment. Two outcome measures were obtained: Percent accuracy in completing the WM steps, and treatment effect sizes (<span>Beeson & Robey, 2006</span>). Additionally, modified <em>t</em>-tests (<span>Crawford & Garthwaite, 2012</span>; <span>Crawford & Howell, 1998</span>), were calculated in which post-treatment WM measures were compared against neurotypical control groups to detect any improvements in WM functions.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>All three participants completed the WM steps with a high degree of accuracy. A range of small to large ESs were obtained for all three participants across the two treated lists, while no meaningful ESs were obtained for the control (untreated) list. All three participants demonstrated improved scores across most of the WM measures with significant improvements noted on certain WM assessments.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><p>The findings revealed that the WM – SFA approach can be used successfully in individuals with mild – moderate aphasia. The proposed approach holds promise as feasible intervention designed to remediate anomia in PwA.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":49175,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Communication Disorders","volume":"106 ","pages":"Article 106384"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2023-10-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49693325","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-10-13DOI: 10.1016/j.jcomdis.2023.106383
Catherine A. Off , Esther Kim , Suma R. Devanga , Tom Sather
{"title":"Proceedings of the 2022 International Aphasia Rehabilitation Conference: The Engaged Community","authors":"Catherine A. Off , Esther Kim , Suma R. Devanga , Tom Sather","doi":"10.1016/j.jcomdis.2023.106383","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jcomdis.2023.106383","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":49175,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Communication Disorders","volume":"106 ","pages":"Article 106383"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2023-10-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49684125","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-09-27DOI: 10.1016/j.jcomdis.2023.106381
Kaitlyn M.A Parks , Kara E. Hannah , Christine N. Moreau , Leah Brainin , Marc F. Joanisse
Purpose
There is an emerging view that attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is marked by problems with language difficulties, an idea reinforced by the fact that ADHD is highly comorbid with developmental language disorder (DLD). This scoping review provides an overview of literature on language abilities in children with DLD and ADHD while highlighting similarities and differences.
Method
A comprehensive search was performed to examine the literature on language abilities in the two disorders, yielding a total of 18 articles that met the inclusion criteria for the present review. Qualitative summaries are provided based on the language domain assessed.
Results
The current literature suggests children and adolescents with ADHD have better morphosyntax/grammar, general/core language abilities, receptive, and expressive abilities than those with DLD. Further, that performance is comparable on assessments of semantic and figurative language but varies by sample on assessments of phonological processing, syntax, narrative language, and vocabulary.
Conclusion
Evidence presented points to children and adolescents with DLD as having greater language difficulties compared to those with ADHD, but with some important caveats. Despite limitations related to the paucity of studies and inconsistencies in how the two types of disorders are identified, our review provides a necessary and vital step in better understanding the language profiles of these two highly prevalent childhood disorders. These findings are useful in optimizing language outcomes and treatment efficacy for children and adolescents with ADHD and DLD.
{"title":"Language abilities in children and adolescents with DLD and ADHD: A scoping review","authors":"Kaitlyn M.A Parks , Kara E. Hannah , Christine N. Moreau , Leah Brainin , Marc F. Joanisse","doi":"10.1016/j.jcomdis.2023.106381","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jcomdis.2023.106381","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Purpose</h3><p>There is an emerging view that attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is marked by problems with language difficulties, an idea reinforced by the fact that ADHD is highly comorbid with developmental language disorder (DLD). This scoping review provides an overview of literature on language abilities in children with DLD and ADHD while highlighting similarities and differences.</p></div><div><h3>Method</h3><p>A comprehensive search was performed to examine the literature on language abilities in the two disorders, yielding a total of 18 articles that met the inclusion criteria for the present review. Qualitative summaries are provided based on the language domain assessed.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>The current literature suggests children and adolescents with ADHD have better morphosyntax/grammar, general/core language abilities, receptive, and expressive abilities than those with DLD. Further, that performance is comparable on assessments of semantic and figurative language but varies by sample on assessments of phonological processing, syntax, narrative language, and vocabulary.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><p>Evidence presented points to children and adolescents with DLD as having greater language difficulties compared to those with ADHD, but with some important caveats. Despite limitations related to the paucity of studies and inconsistencies in how the two types of disorders are identified, our review provides a necessary and vital step in better understanding the language profiles of these two highly prevalent childhood disorders. These findings are useful in optimizing language outcomes and treatment efficacy for children and adolescents with ADHD and DLD.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":49175,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Communication Disorders","volume":"106 ","pages":"Article 106381"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2023-09-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41162253","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-09-26DOI: 10.1016/j.jcomdis.2023.106379
Jennifer Thompson Tetnowski , John A. Tetnowski , Jack S. Damico
Introduction
There is limited research in group communication treatment for people with aphasia but existing studies report benefits of gesture to support conversation. Gesture supports conversation through recipient design features and reducing linguistic demands of lexical retrieval and formulation. Additionally, gesture serves an affiliative function. However, the relationship between gesture use and gestural capacity has not been widely examined. As part of a larger study on group cohesiveness and conversation, this investigation examined the patterns of co-speech gesture within authentic conversations among persons with aphasia to discern the functions of gesture use for the participants, changes in the use of gesture over time, and the relationship between gesture use and gesture ability.
Methods
Conversation Analysis (CA) was applied in an embedded case-study design. Three participants received an academic semester of group and individual conversation-based treatment according to Facilitating Authentic Conversation (Damico et al., 2015). Four conversations from the treatment were selected and transcribed for multi-modality communication with CA conventions applied, and then cyclically analysed for patterns of gesture.
Results
Participants demonstrated gesture that served social and linguistic functions: ratifying clinicians’ proxy turns, turn-allocation, turn repair, relaying novel visual information, emphasizing content, demonstrating affiliation with the prior speaker, demonstrating their assessment others’ talk, and demonstrating humor. All three participants showed an increased rate of gesture per turn and increasingly used gesture to repair conversation breakdown. Increased gesture use over the course of the semester coincided with increased scores for pantomime on the Porch Index of Communicative Ability (Porch, 1981, PICA).
Conclusion
Individuals with aphasia demonstrated increased use of gesture for varied purposes and improved gestural processing following a semester of conversation-based treatment. This is significant because gesture is an effective support for the repair of conversation breakdown typical of persons with aphasia.
{"title":"Looking at gesture: The reciprocal influence between gesture and conversation","authors":"Jennifer Thompson Tetnowski , John A. Tetnowski , Jack S. Damico","doi":"10.1016/j.jcomdis.2023.106379","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jcomdis.2023.106379","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Introduction</h3><p>There is limited research in group communication treatment for people with aphasia but existing studies report benefits of gesture to support conversation. Gesture supports conversation through recipient design features and reducing linguistic demands of lexical retrieval and formulation. Additionally, gesture serves an affiliative function. However, the relationship between gesture use and gestural capacity has not been widely examined. As part of a larger study on group cohesiveness and conversation, this investigation examined the patterns of co-speech gesture within authentic conversations among persons with aphasia to discern the functions of gesture use for the participants, changes in the use of gesture over time, and the relationship between gesture use and gesture ability.</p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p>Conversation Analysis (CA) was applied in an embedded case-study design. Three participants received an academic semester of group and individual conversation-based treatment according to <em>Facilitating Authentic Conversation (Damico</em> et al.<em>, 2015)</em>. Four conversations from the treatment were selected and transcribed for multi-modality communication with CA conventions applied, and then cyclically analysed for patterns of gesture.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>Participants demonstrated gesture that served social and linguistic functions: ratifying clinicians’ proxy turns, turn-allocation, turn repair, relaying novel visual information, emphasizing content, demonstrating affiliation with the prior speaker, demonstrating their assessment others’ talk, and demonstrating humor. All three participants showed an increased rate of gesture per turn and increasingly used gesture to repair conversation breakdown. Increased gesture use over the course of the semester coincided with increased scores for pantomime on the Porch Index of Communicative Ability (Porch, 1981, PICA).</p></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><p>Individuals with aphasia demonstrated increased use of gesture for varied purposes and improved gestural processing following a semester of conversation-based treatment. This is significant because gesture is an effective support for the repair of conversation breakdown typical of persons with aphasia.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":49175,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Communication Disorders","volume":"106 ","pages":"Article 106379"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2023-09-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41135489","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-09-20DOI: 10.1016/j.jcomdis.2023.106380
Tuğba Kaya , Göksu Yılmaz , Richard I. Zraick , Ahmet Konrot , Mehmet Emrah Cangi
Objective
This study examines the Turkish validity, reliability and diagnostic performance of the Voice Handicap Index-Partner (VHI-P-TR), which is used to obtain the perceptions of communication partners of individuals with dysphonia about the functional, physical and emotional handicap resulting from the patient experiencing dysphonia.
Method
The study included 160 individuals with dysphonia and their communication partners. First, translation, back translation, expert validity and pilot study were performed in the scale adaptation process. Then, a confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) was conducted to assess the construct validity of the VHI-P-TR. Correlations between the VHI-P-TR and Voice Handicap Index (VHI-TR) scores of dysphonic individuals were examined to evaluate the concurrent validity of the VHI-P-TR. To assess the reliability of the VHI-P-TR, a test-retest analysis was performed, and internal consistency coefficients (α) were calculated. A receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analysis was conducted to determine the cut-off point for the VHI-P scores.
Results
A high positive correlation was found between the participants’ VHI-P-TR and VHI-TR total and subscales mean scores (r's > 0.782; p < 0.01). The VHI-P-TR had high internal consistency regarding for its subscales and total score (α's > 0.94; p < 0.01). Factor loadings of all VHI-P-TR items were higher than 0.30 and their error variances were lower than 0.90. In addition, factor loadings were statistically significant for all the items (p < 0.05). The data fit the model well according to all CFA indices except for GFI (scale = 0.69). An adequate sensitivity and specificity were achieved for the VHI-P-TR, and the cut-off point was found as 11.50 for the total score and ranged from 2.50 to 5.50 for the subscales.
Conclusion
The VHI-P-TR is a valid and reliable measurement tool with high diagnostic performance in all subscales and total score, and has high levels of agreement with the VHI-TR.
{"title":"Reliability and validity of the Turkish voice handicap index-partner (VHI-P-TR)","authors":"Tuğba Kaya , Göksu Yılmaz , Richard I. Zraick , Ahmet Konrot , Mehmet Emrah Cangi","doi":"10.1016/j.jcomdis.2023.106380","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jcomdis.2023.106380","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objective</h3><p>This study examines the Turkish validity, reliability and diagnostic performance of the Voice Handicap Index-Partner (VHI-P-TR), which is used to obtain the perceptions of communication partners of individuals with dysphonia about the functional, physical and emotional handicap resulting from the patient experiencing dysphonia.</p></div><div><h3>Method</h3><p>The study included 160 individuals with dysphonia and their communication partners. First, translation, back translation, expert validity and pilot study were performed in the scale adaptation process. Then, a confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) was conducted to assess the construct validity of the VHI-P-TR. Correlations between the VHI-P-TR and Voice Handicap Index (VHI-TR) scores of dysphonic individuals were examined to evaluate the concurrent validity of the VHI-P-TR. To assess the reliability of the VHI-P-TR, a test-retest analysis was performed, and internal consistency coefficients (α) were calculated. A receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analysis was conducted to determine the cut-off point for the VHI-P scores.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>A high positive correlation was found between the participants’ VHI-P-TR and VHI-TR total and subscales mean scores (r's > 0.782; <em>p</em> < 0.01). The VHI-P-TR had high internal consistency regarding for its subscales and total score (α's > 0.94; <em>p</em> < 0.01). Factor loadings of all VHI-P-TR items were higher than 0.30 and their error variances were lower than 0.90. In addition, factor loadings were statistically significant for all the items (<em>p</em> < 0.05). The data fit the model well according to all CFA indices except for GFI (scale = 0.69). An adequate sensitivity and specificity were achieved for the VHI-P-TR, and the cut-off point was found as 11.50 for the total score and ranged from 2.50 to 5.50 for the subscales.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><p>The VHI-P-TR is a valid and reliable measurement tool with high diagnostic performance in all subscales and total score, and has high levels of agreement with the VHI-TR.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":49175,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Communication Disorders","volume":"106 ","pages":"Article 106380"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2023-09-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41170467","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-09-06DOI: 10.1016/j.jcomdis.2023.106369
Jayanthi Sasisekaran , Shriya Basu
Introduction
The purpose of the study was to compare school-age children who stutter (CWS) and age-matched children who do not stutter (CWNS) in syntactic abilities and syntactic performance.
Methods
Computerized Language Sample Analysis (LSA) was conducted on the conversation samples obtained from 46 school-age CWS and CWNS between 7 and 16 years (CWS, n = 23). Syntactic abilities were assessed using the Index of Productive Syntax (the IPsyn) and Developmental Sentence Scores (DSS) and mixed effects logistic regression analyses with participants as random effects were conducted to determine if the scores were predictive of group membership. Additionally, the groups were compared in the IPsyn subcategories to assess the use of syntactic structures. Syntactic performance was assessed by: (a) Categorizing the sentences from each conversation sample into high vs. low syntactic complexity categories based on DSS scores and comparing the sentence categories in % stuttered sentences (% SS); and (b) Comparing the groups in the proportion of phrase-level disfluencies (phrase repetitions vs. revisions) that are associated with syntactic planning.
Results
In terms of syntactic abilities, the IPsyn scores interacted with the number of utterances (sample size) used to compute the scores in predicting group membership. In comparison to the CWNS, the CWS obtained higher scores in the IPsyn and the sentence structure subcategory of the IPsyn that were independent of sample size. In terms of syntactic performance: (a) Significantly more sentences were stuttered in the high compared to the low syntactic sentence category; (b) Compared to the CWNS who demonstrated significantly more phrase revisions, the CWS showed comparable and fewer phrase revisions and repetitions. Additionally, post-hoc analysis showed that the CWS used significantly elaborated noun phrases and a similar trend was evident for verb phrase elaborations. A significant association between verb phrase elaborations and%SS was also obtained.
Conclusions
Findings from the IPsyn and the use of elaborate noun phrases, and to some extent verb phrases, suggested that the CWS used more complex syntax even in shorter conversational samples. More stuttered sentences in the high DSS sentence category, the use of fewer phrase revisions, and the association between stuttering and elaborated verb phrases in the CWS are interpreted to suggest the effects of syntactic planning and reformulation demands on fluency during ongoing articulation.
{"title":"Language sample analysis of conversation samples from school-age children who stutter: The role of syntactic factors in stuttering","authors":"Jayanthi Sasisekaran , Shriya Basu","doi":"10.1016/j.jcomdis.2023.106369","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jcomdis.2023.106369","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Introduction</h3><p>The purpose of the study was to compare school-age children who stutter (CWS) and age-matched children who do not stutter (CWNS) in syntactic abilities and syntactic performance.</p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p>Computerized Language Sample Analysis (LSA) was conducted on the conversation samples obtained from 46 school-age CWS and CWNS between 7 and 16 years (CWS, <em>n</em> = 23). Syntactic abilities were assessed using the Index of Productive Syntax (the IPsyn) and Developmental Sentence Scores (DSS) and mixed effects logistic regression analyses with participants as random effects were conducted to determine if the scores were predictive of group membership. Additionally, the groups were compared in the IPsyn subcategories to assess the use of syntactic structures. Syntactic performance was assessed by: (a) Categorizing the sentences from each conversation sample into high vs. low syntactic complexity categories based on DSS scores and comparing the sentence categories in % stuttered sentences (% SS); and (b) Comparing the groups in the proportion of phrase-level disfluencies (phrase repetitions vs. revisions) that are associated with syntactic planning.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>In terms of syntactic abilities, the IPsyn scores interacted with the number of utterances (sample size) used to compute the scores in predicting group membership. In comparison to the CWNS, the CWS obtained higher scores in the IPsyn and the sentence structure subcategory of the IPsyn that were independent of sample size. In terms of syntactic performance: (a) Significantly more sentences were stuttered in the high compared to the low syntactic sentence category; (b) Compared to the CWNS who demonstrated significantly more phrase revisions, the CWS showed comparable and fewer phrase revisions and repetitions. Additionally, post-hoc analysis showed that the CWS used significantly elaborated noun phrases and a similar trend was evident for verb phrase elaborations. A significant association between verb phrase elaborations and%SS was also obtained.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><p>Findings from the IPsyn and the use of elaborate noun phrases, and to some extent verb phrases, suggested that the CWS used more complex syntax even in shorter conversational samples. More stuttered sentences in the high DSS sentence category, the use of fewer phrase revisions, and the association between stuttering and elaborated verb phrases in the CWS are interpreted to suggest the effects of syntactic planning and reformulation demands on fluency during ongoing articulation.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":49175,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Communication Disorders","volume":"106 ","pages":"Article 106369"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2023-09-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10571713","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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