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Avermectins Inhibit Replication of Parvovirus B19 by Disrupting the Interaction Between Importin α and Non-Structural Protein 1.
IF 3.8 3区 医学 Q2 VIROLOGY Pub Date : 2025-02-03 DOI: 10.3390/v17020220
Gualtiero Alvisi, Elisabetta Manaresi, Silvia Pavan, David A Jans, Kylie M Wagstaff, Giorgio Gallinella

Human parvovirus B19 (B19V) is a major human pathogen in which the ssDNA genome is replicated within the nucleus of infected human erythroid progenitor cells (EPCs) through a process involving both cellular and viral proteins, including the non-structural protein (NS)1. We previously characterized the interaction between NS1 classical nuclear localization signal (cNLS: GACHAKKPRIT-182) and host cell importin (IMP)α and proposed it as a potential target for antiviral drug development. Here, we further extend on such findings. First, we demonstrate that NS1 nuclear localization is required for viral production since introducing the K177T substitution in a cloned, infectious viral genome resulted in a non-viable virus. Secondly, we demonstrate that the antiparasitic drug ivermectin (IVM), known to inhibit the IMPα/β dependent nuclear import pathway, could impair the NS1-NLS:IMPα interaction and suppress viral replication in UT7/EpoS1 cells in a dose-dependent manner. We also show that a panel of structurally related avermectins (AVMs) can dissociate the NS1-NLS:IMPα complex with half-maximal inhibitory concentrations in the nanomolar range. Among them, Eprinomectin emerged as the most selective inhibitor of B19V replication, with a selectivity index of c. 5.0. However, when tested in EPCs generated from peripheral blood mononuclear cells, which constitute a cellular population close to the natural target cells in bone marrow, the inhibitory effect of IVM and Eprinomectin was demonstrated to a lesser extent, and both compounds exhibited high toxicity, thus highlighting the need for more specific inhibitors of the NS1-NLS:IMPα interaction.

人类副病毒 B19(B19V)是一种主要的人类病原体,其 ssDNA 基因组在受感染的人类红细胞祖细胞(EPC)的细胞核内复制,复制过程涉及细胞蛋白和病毒蛋白,包括非结构蛋白(NS)1。我们以前研究了 NS1 经典核定位信号(cNLS:GACHAKKPRIT-182)与宿主细胞导入蛋白(IMP)α 之间的相互作用,并将其作为抗病毒药物开发的潜在靶点。在此,我们进一步扩展了这些发现。首先,我们证明了 NS1 的核定位是病毒产生所必需的,因为在克隆的传染性病毒基因组中引入 K177T 替换会导致病毒无法存活。其次,我们证明抗寄生虫药物伊维菌素(IVM)能抑制 IMPα/β 依赖性核导入途径,它能损害 NS1-NLS:IMPα 的相互作用,并以剂量依赖性的方式抑制病毒在 UT7/EpoS1 细胞中的复制。我们还发现,一组结构相关的阿维菌素(AVMs)能解离NS1-NLS:IMPα复合物,其半最大抑制浓度在纳摩尔范围内。其中,Eprinomectin 是对 B19V 复制最具选择性的抑制剂,其选择性指数约为 5.0。然而,当在由外周血单核细胞生成的 EPCs 中进行测试时,IVM 和 Eprinomectin 的抑制效果较弱,而且这两种化合物都表现出较高的毒性,这突出表明需要更多特异性的 NS1-NLS:IMPα 相互作用抑制剂。
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引用次数: 0
The Temperature-Associated Effects of Rift Valley Fever Virus Infections in Mosquitoes and Climate-Driven Epidemics: A Review. 温度对蚊子感染裂谷热病毒的影响以及气候驱动的流行病:综述。
IF 3.8 3区 医学 Q2 VIROLOGY Pub Date : 2025-02-01 DOI: 10.3390/v17020217
Faustus A Azerigyik, Shelby M Cagle, William C Wilson, Dana N Mitzel, Rebekah C Kading

Rift Valley fever virus (RVFV) is a mosquito-borne zoonotic disease within the genus Phlebovirus. Symptoms of the disease in animals range from moderate to severe febrile illness, which significantly impacts the livestock industry and causes severe health complications in humans. Similar to bunyaviruses in the genus Orthobunyavirus transmitted by mosquitoes, RVFV progression is dependent on the susceptibility of the physical, cellular, microbial, and immune response barriers of the vectors. These barriers, shaped by the genetic makeup of the mosquito species and the surrounding environmental temperature, exert strong selective pressure on the virus, affecting its replication, evolution, and spread. The changing climate coupled with the aforementioned bottlenecks are significant drivers of RVF epidemics and expansion into previously nonendemic areas. Despite the link between microclimatic changes and RVF outbreaks, there is still a dearth of knowledge on how these temperature effects impact RVF transmission and vector competence and virus persistence during interepidemic years. This intricate interdependence between the virus, larval habitat temperatures, and vector competence necessitates increased efforts in addressing RVFV disease burden. This review highlights recent advancements made in response to shifting demographics, weather patterns, and conveyance of RVFV. Additionally, ongoing studies related to temperature-sensitive variations in RVFV-vector interactions and knowledge gaps are discussed.

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引用次数: 0
New Insights into Antiviral Natural Formulations: Biopolymeric Films for the Prevention and Treatment of a Wide Gamma of Viral Infections. 抗病毒天然制剂的新见解:用于预防和治疗多种病毒感染的生物聚合物薄膜。
IF 3.8 3区 医学 Q2 VIROLOGY Pub Date : 2025-02-01 DOI: 10.3390/v17020216
Victoria Belén Ayala-Peña, Ana Karen Jaimes, Ana Lucía Conesa, Cybele Carina García, Claudia Soledad Sepulveda, Fernando Gaspar Dellatorre, Ezequiel Latour, Nora Marta Andrea Ponce, Vera Alejandra Álvarez, Verónica Leticia Lassalle

Viral infections remain a major concern, as existing treatments often yield inadequate responses or lead to the development of antiviral resistance in some cases. Fucoidan extracted from Undaria pinnatifida (F) is a natural sulphated polysaccharide that exhibits antiviral action. Despite its potential, the biomedical application of F is limited due to its difficult administration through trans-mucosal, skin, or oral ingestion. The most effective way to solve these problems is to propose novel methods of administration aiming to ensure better contact between the biopolymers and pathogens, leading to their inactivation. In this work, the synthesis of films based on chitosan (Ch)-coupled F is reported, aiming to generate a synergic effect between both biopolymers in terms of their antiviral and antioxidant capability. Biocomposites were prepared by a sonochemical method. They were characterized to infer structural properties, functionality, and possible F-Ch interactions by using Zeta potential, FTIR, and XRD techniques. The biocomposites showed excellent film-forming ability. They also exhibited improved antioxidant activity with respect to F and Ch individually and proved to be non-cytotoxic. These results demonstrate, for the first time, the antiviral activity of F:Ch biocomposites against bovine coronavirus and human viruses (adenovirus, poliovirus, herpes simplex, and respiratory syncytial virus), which could be applied in film form to prevent or treat viral infections.

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引用次数: 0
Effectiveness and Immunogenicity of the MMR Vaccine Against SARS-CoV-2 Among Healthcare Workers.
IF 3.8 3区 医学 Q2 VIROLOGY Pub Date : 2025-02-01 DOI: 10.3390/v17020215
Hyeri Seok, Joon-Yong Bae, Jooyun Kim, Won Suk Choi, Heedo Park, Jungmin Lee, Sohyun Lee, Chulwoo Kim, Man-Seong Park, Dae Won Park

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness and immunogenicity of the measles-mumps-rubella (MMR) vaccine against SARS-CoV-2 in healthcare workers at one medical institution. The effectiveness of the MMR vaccine against SARS-CoV-2 was evaluated in overall healthcare workers (HCWs). In addition, neutralizing antibodies to SARS-CoV-2 were measured according to the subjects' measles immunity status with serum samples collected before the coronavirus disease 2019 pandemic period. The effectiveness of the MMR vaccine for SARS-CoV-2 in all HCWs and measles IgG-positive subjects was 34% (adjusted odds ratio [aOR] = 1.20, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 0.53-2.70) and 34% (aOR = 0.66, CI = 0.38-18.4), respectively. The neutralizing antibody levels for SARS-CoV-2 were low in all groups regardless of the measles immune status. The MMR vaccine alone may not provide sufficient protection against SARS-CoV-2.

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引用次数: 0
The Use of Plant Viral Nanoparticles in Cancer Biotherapy-A Review.
IF 3.8 3区 医学 Q2 VIROLOGY Pub Date : 2025-02-01 DOI: 10.3390/v17020218
Mamorake Donty Komane, Prudence Ngalula Kayoka-Kabongo, Daria Anna Rutkowska

Cancer is a major global health problem that poses significant challenges. Conventional cancer therapies often have severe side effects, necessitating the development of novel therapeutic approaches that are more effective and less toxic. The utilization of plant viral nanoparticles is one of the more promising strategies for cancer biotherapy. Plant viral nanoparticles exhibit advantageous properties, including safety, high stability, rapid production and scalability, biocompatibility and biodegradability, structural uniformity, inherent immunogenicity, ease of modification and high update efficacy as well as lower cost implications, making them attractive vehicles for health applications. Various studies have demonstrated the efficacy of plant viral nanoparticles in targeted therapeutic drug/molecule delivery, tumor imaging and immunotherapy, highlighting their potential as a versatile platform for cancer biotherapy. The drawbacks of plant viral nanoparticles include their perceived ability to induce a hypersensitive/allergic immune response, non-well-defined regulatory approval processes as well as the reluctance of pharmaceutical companies to adapt their manufacturing processes to facilitate plant-based expression. This review discusses applications of plant virus-derived nanoparticles in cancer therapeutics and prospects for translating these findings into clinical practice.

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引用次数: 0
Novel Oronasal Drainage for Long COVID: Proposed Mechanisms-Case Report.
IF 3.8 3区 医学 Q2 VIROLOGY Pub Date : 2025-01-31 DOI: 10.3390/v17020210
Claudia Lorenz, Roland Frankenberger

Long COVID, potentially emerging post COVID-19 infection, involves extreme health challenges. Based on current literature in the field, we propose a novel approach to Long COVID treatment based on epipharyngeal abrasive therapy targeting ostia of the oral and nasal mucosa, having been identified for the first time. The presented case report documents the application of innovative oronasal drainage (OND), a novel treatment integrating physiological, biochemical, and fluid mechanical components simultaneously. OND led to remarkable improvements and even remissions of various symptoms, along with enhanced hand blood circulation. While the case suggests potential efficacy in Long COVID therapy, acknowledging inherent limitations is essential and its impact needs further validation through clinical trials.

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引用次数: 0
Viruses and the Brain-A Relationship Prone to Trouble.
IF 3.8 3区 医学 Q2 VIROLOGY Pub Date : 2025-01-31 DOI: 10.3390/v17020203
Matylda Barbara Mielcarska, Barry T Rouse

Neurological disorders, some of which are associated with viral infections, are growing due to the aging and expanding population. Despite strong defenses of the central nervous system, some viruses have evolved ways to breach them, which often result in dire consequences. In this review, we recount the various ways by which different viruses can enter the CNS, and we describe the consequences of such invasions. Consequences may manifest as acute disease, such as encephalitis, meningitis, or result in long-term effects, such as neuromuscular dysfunction, as occurs in poliomyelitis. We discuss evidence for viral involvement in the causation of well-known chronic neurodegenerative diseases, such as Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson's disease, amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, multiple sclerosis, as well as vascular dementia in the elderly. We also describe the approaches currently available to control a few of the neural viral infections. These include antivirals that are effective against human immunodeficiency virus and herpes simplex virus, as well as vaccines valuable for controlling rabies virus, poliomyelitis virus, and some flavivirus infections. There is an urgent need to better understand, at a molecular level, how viruses contribute to acute and, especially, chronic neurological diseases and to develop more precise and effective vaccines and therapies.

{"title":"Viruses and the Brain-A Relationship Prone to Trouble.","authors":"Matylda Barbara Mielcarska, Barry T Rouse","doi":"10.3390/v17020203","DOIUrl":"10.3390/v17020203","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Neurological disorders, some of which are associated with viral infections, are growing due to the aging and expanding population. Despite strong defenses of the central nervous system, some viruses have evolved ways to breach them, which often result in dire consequences. In this review, we recount the various ways by which different viruses can enter the CNS, and we describe the consequences of such invasions. Consequences may manifest as acute disease, such as encephalitis, meningitis, or result in long-term effects, such as neuromuscular dysfunction, as occurs in poliomyelitis. We discuss evidence for viral involvement in the causation of well-known chronic neurodegenerative diseases, such as Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson's disease, amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, multiple sclerosis, as well as vascular dementia in the elderly. We also describe the approaches currently available to control a few of the neural viral infections. These include antivirals that are effective against human immunodeficiency virus and herpes simplex virus, as well as vaccines valuable for controlling rabies virus, poliomyelitis virus, and some flavivirus infections. There is an urgent need to better understand, at a molecular level, how viruses contribute to acute and, especially, chronic neurological diseases and to develop more precise and effective vaccines and therapies.</p>","PeriodicalId":49328,"journal":{"name":"Viruses-Basel","volume":"17 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2025-01-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11860391/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143505552","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Mexico's Laboratory-Confirmed Human Case of Infection with the Influenza A(H5N2) Virus.
IF 3.8 3区 医学 Q2 VIROLOGY Pub Date : 2025-01-31 DOI: 10.3390/v17020205
Joel Armando Vázquez-Pérez, Claudia Wong-Arámbula, Mario Solís-Hernández, Eduardo Becerril-Vargas, Gisela Barrera-Badillo, Víctor Hugo Ahumada-Topete, Santiago Avila-Rios, Rogelio Pérez-Padilla, Fidencio Mejía-Nepomuceno, Enrique Mendoza-Ramírez, Marisol Karina Rocha-Martinez, Carlos Javier Alcazar-Ramiro, Alfredo Cruz, Joaquin Zúñiga, Karolina Bozena Piekarska, Dayanira Sarith Arellano-Suarez, María Natividad Cruz-Ortiz, Tatiana Ernestina Núñez-García, Eréndira Molina-Gómez, Laura Adriana Flores-Cisneros, Rodrigo Aparicio-Antonio, Abril Rodríguez-Maldonado, Magaly Landa-Flores, Armando García-López, Jorge Membrillo-Hernández, Gabriel García-Rodríguez, Herlinda García-Lozano, Irma López-Martínez, Ruth Purisima González-Sánchez, Carmen Margarita Hernández-Cárdenas

In April 2024, the Instituto Nacional de Enfermedades Respiratorias of Mexico City identified a case of unsubtypeable Influenza A in a 58-year-old immunocompromised patient with renal failure due to diabetic nephropathy and bacterial peritonitis. Through sequencing the M, NS, NA, NP, and HA complete segments, we identified an H5N2 influenza virus with identity of 99% with avian influenza A(H5N2) from Texcoco, Mexico, in 2024. This case is the first reported with direct evidence of human infection caused by the H5N2 influenza virus; the relationship of the virus with the severity of his condition remains unknown.

{"title":"Mexico's Laboratory-Confirmed Human Case of Infection with the Influenza A(H5N2) Virus.","authors":"Joel Armando Vázquez-Pérez, Claudia Wong-Arámbula, Mario Solís-Hernández, Eduardo Becerril-Vargas, Gisela Barrera-Badillo, Víctor Hugo Ahumada-Topete, Santiago Avila-Rios, Rogelio Pérez-Padilla, Fidencio Mejía-Nepomuceno, Enrique Mendoza-Ramírez, Marisol Karina Rocha-Martinez, Carlos Javier Alcazar-Ramiro, Alfredo Cruz, Joaquin Zúñiga, Karolina Bozena Piekarska, Dayanira Sarith Arellano-Suarez, María Natividad Cruz-Ortiz, Tatiana Ernestina Núñez-García, Eréndira Molina-Gómez, Laura Adriana Flores-Cisneros, Rodrigo Aparicio-Antonio, Abril Rodríguez-Maldonado, Magaly Landa-Flores, Armando García-López, Jorge Membrillo-Hernández, Gabriel García-Rodríguez, Herlinda García-Lozano, Irma López-Martínez, Ruth Purisima González-Sánchez, Carmen Margarita Hernández-Cárdenas","doi":"10.3390/v17020205","DOIUrl":"10.3390/v17020205","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>In April 2024, the Instituto Nacional de Enfermedades Respiratorias of Mexico City identified a case of unsubtypeable Influenza A in a 58-year-old immunocompromised patient with renal failure due to diabetic nephropathy and bacterial peritonitis. Through sequencing the M, NS, NA, NP, and HA complete segments, we identified an H5N2 influenza virus with identity of 99% with avian influenza A(H5N2) from Texcoco, Mexico, in 2024. This case is the first reported with direct evidence of human infection caused by the H5N2 influenza virus; the relationship of the virus with the severity of his condition remains unknown.</p>","PeriodicalId":49328,"journal":{"name":"Viruses-Basel","volume":"17 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2025-01-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11861177/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143505461","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Molecular Characterization of the Infectious Laryngotracheitis Virus (ILTV) Involved in Poultry Outbreaks Reveals the Virus Origin and Estimated Spreading Route.
IF 3.8 3区 医学 Q2 VIROLOGY Pub Date : 2025-01-31 DOI: 10.3390/v17020213
Jorge Luis Chacón, Ruy D Chacón, Henrique Lage Hagemann, Claudete S Astolfi-Ferreira, Cesar Nunes, Luiz Sesti, Branko Alva, Antonio J Piantino Ferreira

Infectious laryngotracheitis outbreaks have been observed in a short period of time in broiler, layer, and broiler breeder flocks, resulting in clinical signs and high mortality. The affected farms are located in the same geographical area, which is a high-density poultry region of Brazil. To estimate the potential origin of the virus or viruses that caused the outbreaks, the ILTVs detected at six companies were molecularly characterized by sequencing two fragments of the ICP4 gene and then compared with previous field and vaccine viruses detected in the country. The sequencing results revealed that all farms investigated were infected with a nonvaccine-origin virus. Phylogenetic analysis revealed that all farms were infected by the same virus classified as genotype VI. In addition, the ILTV detected in the present study was compared with that of viruses previously detected in egg-layer poultry regions in the country. The viruses detected in the recent outbreaks were indistinguishable, with one of them (VI-4) suggesting a possible route of transmission. This study describes for the first time severe ILT outbreaks in meat-type poultry in Brazil that spread quickly, and the phylogenetic analysis suggests the potential origin of the virus and route of transmission.

{"title":"Molecular Characterization of the Infectious Laryngotracheitis Virus (ILTV) Involved in Poultry Outbreaks Reveals the Virus Origin and Estimated Spreading Route.","authors":"Jorge Luis Chacón, Ruy D Chacón, Henrique Lage Hagemann, Claudete S Astolfi-Ferreira, Cesar Nunes, Luiz Sesti, Branko Alva, Antonio J Piantino Ferreira","doi":"10.3390/v17020213","DOIUrl":"10.3390/v17020213","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Infectious laryngotracheitis outbreaks have been observed in a short period of time in broiler, layer, and broiler breeder flocks, resulting in clinical signs and high mortality. The affected farms are located in the same geographical area, which is a high-density poultry region of Brazil. To estimate the potential origin of the virus or viruses that caused the outbreaks, the ILTVs detected at six companies were molecularly characterized by sequencing two fragments of the ICP4 gene and then compared with previous field and vaccine viruses detected in the country. The sequencing results revealed that all farms investigated were infected with a nonvaccine-origin virus. Phylogenetic analysis revealed that all farms were infected by the same virus classified as genotype VI. In addition, the ILTV detected in the present study was compared with that of viruses previously detected in egg-layer poultry regions in the country. The viruses detected in the recent outbreaks were indistinguishable, with one of them (VI-4) suggesting a possible route of transmission. This study describes for the first time severe ILT outbreaks in meat-type poultry in Brazil that spread quickly, and the phylogenetic analysis suggests the potential origin of the virus and route of transmission.</p>","PeriodicalId":49328,"journal":{"name":"Viruses-Basel","volume":"17 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2025-01-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11860664/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143505462","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Neonatal Microcephaly and Central Nervous System Abnormalities During the Zika Outbreak in Rio de Janeiro.
IF 3.8 3区 医学 Q2 VIROLOGY Pub Date : 2025-01-31 DOI: 10.3390/v17020208
Marlos Melo Martins, Roberto de Andrade Medronho, Carlos Eduardo Raymundo, Arnaldo Prata-Barbosa, Antonio José Ledo Alves da Cunha

This retrospective cohort study analyzed 7870 pregnant women, including 2269 with confirmed Zika virus (ZIKV) infection and 5601 without Zika infection, along with their fetuses and newborns. Data were sourced from multiple databases in the state of Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. A propensity score model was employed to control confounding factors and stratify outcomes by pregnancy trimester. Among ZIKV+ pregnant women, 49 cases of congenital microcephaly or congenital nervous system (CNS) abnormalities were identified (2.16%, or 193.9 cases in 10,000 live births), whereas 44 cases were identified among ZIKV- women (0.78%, or 71.4 cases in 10,000 live births). Multivariable analysis yielded an odds ratio of 2.46 (95% CI 1.30-4.64) overall, with 4.29 (95% CI 1.93-9.53) in the first trimester, 5.29 (95% CI 1.08-25.95) in the second trimester, and 0.68 (95% CI 0.21-2.14) in the third trimester. The most frequent findings among ZIKV+ cases included intracranial calcifications, ventriculomegaly, posterior fossa malformations, reduced brain volume, corpus callosum malformations, cortex dysplasia, lissencephaly, and pachygyria. Ophthalmologic abnormalities were detected in 55.5% of cases, and brainstem auditory evoked potential anomalies were reported in 33.3%. ZIKV infection can result in structural or functional anomalies. Given the absence of specific treatment for congenital Zika syndrome (CZS), clinical care should prioritize monitoring and managing neurological, motor, auditory, visual, and orthopedic disorders in all children with in utero ZIKV exposure, especially during the first and second trimesters of pregnancy.

{"title":"Neonatal Microcephaly and Central Nervous System Abnormalities During the Zika Outbreak in Rio de Janeiro.","authors":"Marlos Melo Martins, Roberto de Andrade Medronho, Carlos Eduardo Raymundo, Arnaldo Prata-Barbosa, Antonio José Ledo Alves da Cunha","doi":"10.3390/v17020208","DOIUrl":"10.3390/v17020208","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This retrospective cohort study analyzed 7870 pregnant women, including 2269 with confirmed Zika virus (ZIKV) infection and 5601 without Zika infection, along with their fetuses and newborns. Data were sourced from multiple databases in the state of Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. A propensity score model was employed to control confounding factors and stratify outcomes by pregnancy trimester. Among ZIKV+ pregnant women, 49 cases of congenital microcephaly or congenital nervous system (CNS) abnormalities were identified (2.16%, or 193.9 cases in 10,000 live births), whereas 44 cases were identified among ZIKV- women (0.78%, or 71.4 cases in 10,000 live births). Multivariable analysis yielded an odds ratio of 2.46 (95% CI 1.30-4.64) overall, with 4.29 (95% CI 1.93-9.53) in the first trimester, 5.29 (95% CI 1.08-25.95) in the second trimester, and 0.68 (95% CI 0.21-2.14) in the third trimester. The most frequent findings among ZIKV+ cases included intracranial calcifications, ventriculomegaly, posterior fossa malformations, reduced brain volume, corpus callosum malformations, cortex dysplasia, lissencephaly, and pachygyria. Ophthalmologic abnormalities were detected in 55.5% of cases, and brainstem auditory evoked potential anomalies were reported in 33.3%. ZIKV infection can result in structural or functional anomalies. Given the absence of specific treatment for congenital Zika syndrome (CZS), clinical care should prioritize monitoring and managing neurological, motor, auditory, visual, and orthopedic disorders in all children with in utero ZIKV exposure, especially during the first and second trimesters of pregnancy.</p>","PeriodicalId":49328,"journal":{"name":"Viruses-Basel","volume":"17 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2025-01-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11860663/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143505468","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
期刊
Viruses-Basel
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