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Addressing the phenotypic plasticity in Boleophthalmus boddarti (Pallas, 1770) from Sundarbans of West Bengal using integrative taxonomy 利用综合分类学研究西孟加拉邦孙德尔本斯Boleophthalmus boddarti (Pallas, 1770)的表型可塑性
IF 1.2 3区 生物学 Q2 ZOOLOGY Pub Date : 2025-07-01 Epub Date: 2025-05-29 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcz.2025.05.009
Ankita Vishwakarma , T.S. Nagesh , Mahender Singh , T.J. Abraham , U.K. Sarkar , Golam Ziauddin
Mudskippers are considered as borderline organisms whose systematics are debatable because of plasticity in their morphological classification. Hence, their biology, systematics and evolutionary studies have attracted several researchers nowadays. The present work sorts to characterize the Boddart's goggle-eyed goby Boleophthalmus boddarti sampled from Sundarbans of West Bengal from May 2023 to February 2024, employing an integrative taxonomy approach using morphometry and two molecular genes: cytochrome c oxidase subunit (COI) and ribosomal RNA (16S). Fourteen morphometric parameters were measured for 102 specimens and the data were subjected to univariate ANOVA and principal component analysis. The standard deviation ranged from low i.e., 0.11 to 0.40 for eight parameters, medium 0.46 to 0.70 for four parameters and high 1.70 to 1.95 for two parameters. Low and medium standard deviations in parameters indicated the low variability among data clustering more are around the mean closely. Principal component analysis determined those two components, PC1 and PC2, accounted for 78.41 % of the observed variation. Positive correlation seen in plots 1 and 2 between standard length, total length, second dorsal fin length, anal fin length, head length, pre-dorsal length, head depth, first dorsal fin length and body depth. A molecular marker used for the reconstruction of the phylogenetic trees revealed that species followed monophyletic clade in concordance with the specimens of Bangladesh. Interspecific genetic distance ranged from 0.121 to 0.170 while intraspecific distance ranged from 0.002 to 0.016 for COI and for 16S interspecific genetic distances varied from 0.147 to 0.597 while intraspecific ranged from 0.000 to 0.004. The result showed all specimens belong to one species and no speciation seen among populations of three zones of Sundarbans.
弹涂鱼被认为是一种边缘生物,由于其形态分类的可塑性,其系统分类学存在争议。因此,它们的生物学、系统学和进化研究如今吸引了许多研究者。本文采用形态学和细胞色素c氧化酶亚基(COI)和核糖体RNA (16S)两种分子基因的综合分类方法,对2023年5月至2024年2月在西孟加拉邦孙德尔本斯采集的波达特护眼虾虎鱼Boleophthalmus boddarti进行了分类。对102个标本的14个形态计量参数进行了测量,并对数据进行了单因素方差分析和主成分分析。标准偏差低,8个参数为0.11 ~ 0.40;中,4个参数为0.46 ~ 0.70;高,2个参数为1.70 ~ 1.95。参数的低和中标准差表明数据聚类之间的变异性较低,更接近平均值。主成分分析表明,PC1和PC2占观测变异的78.41%。在图1和图2中,标准体长、总体长、第二背鳍长、肛鳍长、头长、前背长、头深、第一背鳍长和体深呈正相关。用于系统发育树重建的分子标记显示,物种遵循与孟加拉国标本一致的单系进化枝。COI和16S的种间遗传距离为0.121 ~ 0.170,种内遗传距离为0.002 ~ 0.016,种间遗传距离为0.147 ~ 0.597,种内遗传距离为0.000 ~ 0.004。结果表明,所有标本均属于同一种,在孙德尔本斯3个带的种群间未见物种形成。
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引用次数: 0
Comparative histological analysis of the pallial eyes of Zygochlamys patagonica and Argopecten purpuratus, two scallop species from the southeastern Pacific 东南太平洋两种扇贝(Zygochlamys patagonica和Argopecten purpuratus)苍白眼的比较组织学分析
IF 1.2 3区 生物学 Q2 ZOOLOGY Pub Date : 2025-07-01 Epub Date: 2025-06-27 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcz.2025.06.005
Alejandra Díaz-Valdivia , Pablo Herrera , Doris Oliva , Oliver Schmachtenberg
The visual system of the Pectinidae family of bivalve mollusks is exceptional because of the number and complexity of their eyes. The non-cephalic eyes of pectinids consist of a cornea, a lens, a double retina, a pigment epithelium, and a concave mirror. While prior studies have addressed the anatomy and putative functions of pectinid eyes, the cellular components and their adaptations to different habitats have been explored in only a few scallop species. The Northern scallop Argopecten purpuratus and the Patagonian scallop Zygochlamys patagonica are important hydrobiological resources which inhabit different latitudes in the southeastern Pacific (5°S to 33°S and 40° to 48°S, respectively). The present study characterized and compared the components of the pallial eyes of the two species with light, confocal and electron microscopy, to improve our understanding of the sensory adaptations to their different habitats. While most cellular elements, including the ciliary and rhabdomeric photoreceptors, are morphologically similar and ostensibly conserved, some structures such as the cornea and the lens display significant differences between A. purpuratus and Z. patagonica. Overall, the cellular complexity and structural sophistication of pectinid eyes highlight the critical role of vision in scallop ecology and behavior.
双壳类软体动物的果胶科的视觉系统是特殊的,因为他们的眼睛的数量和复杂性。果胶虫的非头状眼由角膜、晶状体、双视网膜、色素上皮和凹面镜组成。虽然先前的研究已经解决了果胶眼的解剖和假定功能,但仅在少数扇贝物种中探索了细胞成分及其对不同栖息地的适应。北方扇贝(Argopecten purpuratus)和巴塔哥尼亚扇贝(Zygochlamys patagonica)是重要的水生生物资源,分布在东南太平洋不同纬度(分别为5°S ~ 33°S和40°S ~ 48°S)。本研究利用光学、共聚焦和电子显微镜对这两种动物的白眼进行了表征和比较,以提高我们对它们不同栖息地的感官适应的认识。虽然大多数细胞成分,包括睫状体和横纹肌光感受器,在形态上是相似的,表面上是保守的,但一些结构,如角膜和晶状体,在紫癜和巴塔哥尼察之间显示出显著的差异。总之,果胶眼的细胞复杂性和结构复杂性突出了视觉在扇贝生态和行为中的关键作用。
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引用次数: 0
Detailed taxonomy and morphological analyses of two key ostracod species from Patagonia, Argentina: distribution and implications for paleoenvironmental reconstructions 阿根廷巴塔哥尼亚两种介形类的详细分类和形态分析:分布及其古环境重建意义
IF 1.2 3区 生物学 Q2 ZOOLOGY Pub Date : 2025-05-01 Epub Date: 2025-05-05 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcz.2025.05.001
Alejandra P. Pérez, Corina Coviaga, Lorena Ramos, Pablo Alvear, Gabriela Cusminsky
Limnocythere rionegroensis and Limnocythere patagonica are among the most widely distributed ostracod species in Patagonia, Argentina, and are commonly used as proxies in paleoenvironmental reconstructions. Despite their relevance, a taxonomic revision was necessary due to the lack of detailed morphological descriptions. Here, we provide the first comprehensive anatomical characterization of the soft parts of both species. Our findings also underscore the diagnostic value of female genital morphology for ostracod species identification. We evaluate intra- and interspecific morphological variability across multiple populations, documenting size variation in both species and ornamentation differences in L. rionegroensis. Morphometric and anatomical analyses confirm that these variations fall within the range of intraspecific variability. We also explore the environmental preferences, geographic distributions, and significance of these taxa as climate indicators. Both species exhibit broad distributions across northern and southern Patagonia. Although they rarely co-occur in modern or recent assemblages, they are frequently found together in the sedimentary record, suggesting that limited coexistence may result from narrow environmental tolerances rather than geographic isolation. Our results clarify the taxonomic status and ensure the nomenclatural stability of both species. By integrating taxonomic, morphometric, environmental, and geographic data from numerous populations, this study improves the accuracy and reliability of paleoenvironmental reconstructions in Patagonia—a key region for understanding Holocene climate dynamics in the Southern Hemisphere.
Limnocythere rionegroensis和Limnocythere patagonica是阿根廷巴塔哥尼亚地区分布最广泛的介形类,常被用作古环境重建的代用物。尽管它们具有相关性,但由于缺乏详细的形态学描述,分类修订是必要的。在这里,我们提供了两个物种的软部分的第一个全面的解剖特征。我们的研究结果也强调了雌性生殖器形态在介形虫种类鉴定中的诊断价值。我们评估了多个种群的种内和种间形态变异,记录了两个物种的大小变化和L. rionegroensis的纹饰差异。形态计量学和解剖学分析证实,这些变异属于种内变异的范围。我们还探讨了这些分类群的环境偏好、地理分布及其作为气候指标的意义。这两个物种在巴塔哥尼亚北部和南部都有广泛的分布。虽然它们很少同时出现在现代或近代的组合中,但在沉积记录中却经常发现它们同时出现,这表明有限的共存可能是由于狭窄的环境容忍度,而不是地理隔离。我们的研究结果明确了这两个物种的分类地位,并确保了其命名的稳定性。通过整合来自大量种群的分类、形态、环境和地理数据,本研究提高了巴塔哥尼亚古环境重建的准确性和可靠性——巴塔哥尼亚是了解南半球全新世气候动力学的关键地区。
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引用次数: 0
Larval chaetotaxy and morphometry of Coelostomatini and Sphaeridiini (Coleoptera: Hydrophilidae): Insights into terrestrial adaptations of Dactylosternum Wollaston, Hydroglobus Knisch, and Sphaeridium Fabricius Coelostomatini和Sphaeridiini(鞘翅目:亲水蝇科)幼虫的毛囊分类和形态测定:对Dactylosternum Wollaston、Hydroglobus Knisch和Sphaeridium Fabricius陆地适应性的研究
IF 1.2 3区 生物学 Q2 ZOOLOGY Pub Date : 2025-05-01 Epub Date: 2025-03-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcz.2025.02.005
Georgina Rodriguez , Miguel Archangelsky , Patricia Laura María Torres
This study presents a comprehensive comparative analysis of larvae from the Coelostomatini and Sphaeridiini tribes of Sphaeridiinae. The chaetotaxy of the head capsule and head appendages of larvae of Dactylosternum abdominale (Fabricius), Dactylosternum cf. subrotundum (Fabricius), Hydroglobus puncticollis (Bruch) and Sphaeridium scarabaeoides (Linnaeus) is described and illustrated. Morphometric characters from the head capsule and mouthparts are included, along with detailed illustrations and scanning electron microscope photographs of all characters. Morphology and chaetotaxy of these larvae are compared with those of other Sphaeridiinae. Coelostomatini revealed two distinct ecomorphotypes, terrestrial and aquatic, with adaptations reflecting their respective environments. The somatic morphology of Dactylosternum larvae shows convergence with those inhabiting decaying organic matter, such as Sphaeridiini and Megasternini, indicating common adaptive strategies across tribes. However, Dactylosternum cf. subrotundum shows ambiguous characteristics between terrestrial and aquatic morphotypes, suggesting a distinct adaptive strategy in terrestrial environments. No putative shared larval apomorphies were observed to support a phylogenetic relationship between Hydroglobus and Phaenonotum as close as previously assumed. Detailed comparisons among Sphaeridium larval instars reveal variations in chaetotaxy and morphometry of head structures and appendages.
本文对球形蝇科Coelostomatini和Sphaeridiini两种幼虫进行了全面的比较分析。本文描述并说明了腹足足(fabicius)、圆形下足足(fabicius)、斑点水球(Hydroglobus puncticollis)和圣甲虫(Sphaeridium scarabaeoides)幼虫头囊和头附属物的毛分类学。从头部胶囊和口器形态计量特征包括在内,随着详细的插图和扫描电子显微镜照片的所有字符。将这些幼虫的形态和毛分类学与其他球形蛛科的幼虫进行了比较。Coelostomatini显示了两种不同的生态形态,陆生和水生,其适应反映了各自的环境。Dactylosternum幼虫的躯体形态与栖息在腐烂有机物中的Sphaeridiini和Megasternini幼虫表现出趋同,表明不同部落之间有共同的适应策略。然而,Dactylosternum cf. subrotundum在陆地和水生形态之间表现出模糊的特征,表明其在陆地环境中具有不同的适应策略。没有观察到共同的幼虫形态,以支持水球虫和现象虫之间的系统发育关系,如以前所假设的那样密切。通过详细的比较,我们发现了球孢幼虫在毛分类学和头部结构及附属物形态上的差异。
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引用次数: 0
Tyletelmis Hinton, 1972 (Coleoptera: Elmidae) loses its monotypic status: genus revision, new species, and morphological phylogeny 叶蝉,1972(鞘翅目:叶蝉科)单型地位的丧失:属修订、新种及形态系统发育
IF 1.2 3区 生物学 Q2 ZOOLOGY Pub Date : 2025-05-01 Epub Date: 2025-04-26 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcz.2025.04.001
André S. Fernandes , Thiago T.S. Polizei , Neusa Hamada
Tyletelmis is currently an exclusive Amazonian genus, known only from its type species Tyletelmis mila Hinton, 1972, and represents one of the last taxa described by the renowned entomologist H. E. Hinton. This genus is one of the 12 remaining monotypic genera of Neotropical elmids and has not been taxonomically studied since its original description. Here, we present a review of Tyletelmis, in which the genus and its type species are redescribed, and four new species from Brazil are described: Tyletelmis assai sp. nov., Tyletelmis pupunha sp. nov., Tyletelmis tucuman sp. nov., and Tyletelmis buriti sp. nov. The first three new species occur in the Amazon biome, while the last one occurs in both the Amazon and the Cerrado (central Brazilian savanna) biome. The morphology of the genus is illustrated and described in detail for the first time. Our morphological phylogenetic analysis recovered Tyletelmis as monophyletic, and the relationships among its species are discussed. A diagnosis and a phylogeny-based species key are provided, along with a map showing their known distribution.
Tyletelmis目前是亚马逊独有的属,仅从其模式种Tyletelmis mila Hinton, 1972年,代表着著名昆虫学家h.e. Hinton描述的最后分类群之一。本属是新热带elmids现存的12个单型属之一,自其最初描述以来尚未对其进行分类研究。摘要本文对巴西的泰莱姆斯(Tyletelmis assai sp. nov.)、泰莱姆斯(Tyletelmis pupunha sp. nov.)、泰莱姆斯(Tyletelmis tucuman sp. nov.)和泰莱姆斯(Tyletelmis buriti sp. nov.)进行了研究,并对该属及其模式种进行了重新描述。前3种新种出现在亚马逊地区,后1种出现在亚马逊和塞拉多(巴西中部热带草原)地区。本文首次对该属植物的形态作了详细的描述。我们的形态系统发育分析恢复了柱头草为单系植物,并讨论了其种间的关系。提供了诊断和基于系统发育的物种键,以及显示其已知分布的地图。
{"title":"Tyletelmis Hinton, 1972 (Coleoptera: Elmidae) loses its monotypic status: genus revision, new species, and morphological phylogeny","authors":"André S. Fernandes ,&nbsp;Thiago T.S. Polizei ,&nbsp;Neusa Hamada","doi":"10.1016/j.jcz.2025.04.001","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jcz.2025.04.001","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div><em>Tyletelmis</em> is currently an exclusive Amazonian genus, known only from its type species <em>Tyletelmis mila</em> Hinton, 1972, and represents one of the last taxa described by the renowned entomologist H. E. Hinton. This genus is one of the 12 remaining monotypic genera of Neotropical elmids and has not been taxonomically studied since its original description. Here, we present a review of <em>Tyletelmis</em>, in which the genus and its type species are redescribed, and four new species from Brazil are described: <em>Tyletelmis assai</em> <strong>sp. nov.</strong>, <em>Tyletelmis pupunha</em> <strong>sp. nov.</strong>, <em>Tyletelmis tucuman</em> <strong>sp. nov.,</strong> and <em>Tyletelmis buriti</em> <strong>sp. nov.</strong> The first three new species occur in the Amazon biome, while the last one occurs in both the Amazon and the Cerrado (central Brazilian savanna) biome. The morphology of the genus is illustrated and described in detail for the first time. Our morphological phylogenetic analysis recovered <em>Tyletelmis</em> as monophyletic, and the relationships among its species are discussed. A diagnosis and a phylogeny-based species key are provided, along with a map showing their known distribution.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":49332,"journal":{"name":"Zoologischer Anzeiger","volume":"316 ","pages":"Pages 218-243"},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2025-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143922967","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Four new species of the genus Pseudomesochra Scott T., 1902 (Copepoda: Harpacticoida: Pseudotachidiidae) from the deep sea of the Gulf of California and Gulf of Mexico, with proposal of a new genus and species of the subfamily Danielsseniinae Huys and Gee, 1996 Scott T., 1902(桡足目:Harpacticoida: pseudoachidiidae)在加利福尼亚湾和墨西哥湾深海发现的四新种,并提出了Danielsseniinae亚科新属和新种的建议
IF 1.2 3区 生物学 Q2 ZOOLOGY Pub Date : 2025-05-01 Epub Date: 2025-02-25 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcz.2025.02.007
Samuel Gómez, Beatriz Yáñez-Rivera, Leonardo García-Vázquez
The true diversity of deep-sea benthic harpacticoid copepods of the Mexican Exclusive Economic Zone (MEEZ) is far from being known. Only 27 species have been described for this region. Previous studies on the US Gulf of Mexico and in other world's ocean basins have revealed that the harpacticoid family Pseudotachidiidae Lang, 1936 is one of the most abundant and frequent harpacticoid taxa in meiofauna sediment samples. The taxonomy of the Pseudotachidiidae is still controversial and there is no consensus regarding its composition and taxonomic position, and phylogenetic relationships amongst its constituent taxa. Here we describe four new species of Pseudomesochra Scott T., 1902 (Pseudomesochrinae Willen, 1996), P. bathyalis sp. nov., P. axa sp. nov., P. bathysicola, and P. bathyhabitatrix sp. nov., and a new genus and new species, Nuriaella mendezae gen. et sp. nov. (Danielseniinae Huys and Gee, 1996) from the deep-sea of the Mexican Gulf of Mexico and Gulf of California, along with a proposal of several species groups of Pseudomesochra.
墨西哥专属经济区(MEEZ)的深海底栖类羽足类桡足类的真正多样性还远未为人所知。在这个地区只发现了27种。对美国墨西哥湾和世界其他海洋盆地的研究表明,1936年的harpacticoid family Pseudotachidiidae Lang是小型动物沉积物样本中最丰富和最常见的harpacticoid类群之一。伪足科的分类仍有争议,其组成、分类地位以及各组成类群间的系统发育关系尚无共识。本文描述了来自墨西哥湾和加利福尼亚湾深海的pseudoesochra Scott T., 1902 (pseudomesochrae Willen, 1996)、p.a bathyalis sp. nov.、p.a axa sp. nov.、p.a bathysicola和p.a bathyhabitatrix sp. nov.四个新种,以及Nuriaella mendezae gen. et sp. nov. (Danielseniinae Huys and Gee, 1996),并提出了几个pseudoesochra种群的建议。
{"title":"Four new species of the genus Pseudomesochra Scott T., 1902 (Copepoda: Harpacticoida: Pseudotachidiidae) from the deep sea of the Gulf of California and Gulf of Mexico, with proposal of a new genus and species of the subfamily Danielsseniinae Huys and Gee, 1996","authors":"Samuel Gómez,&nbsp;Beatriz Yáñez-Rivera,&nbsp;Leonardo García-Vázquez","doi":"10.1016/j.jcz.2025.02.007","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jcz.2025.02.007","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The true diversity of deep-sea benthic harpacticoid copepods of the Mexican Exclusive Economic Zone (MEEZ) is far from being known. Only 27 species have been described for this region. Previous studies on the US Gulf of Mexico and in other world's ocean basins have revealed that the harpacticoid family Pseudotachidiidae Lang, 1936 is one of the most abundant and frequent harpacticoid taxa in meiofauna sediment samples. The taxonomy of the Pseudotachidiidae is still controversial and there is no consensus regarding its composition and taxonomic position, and phylogenetic relationships amongst its constituent taxa. Here we describe four new species of <em>Pseudomesochra</em> Scott T., 1902 (Pseudomesochrinae Willen, 1996), <em>P</em>. <em>bathyalis</em> sp. nov., <em>P</em>. <em>axa</em> sp. nov., <em>P</em>. <em>bathysicola</em>, and <em>P</em>. <em>bathyhabitatrix</em> sp. nov., and a new genus and new species, <em>Nuriaella mendezae</em> gen. et sp. nov. (Danielseniinae Huys and Gee, 1996) from the deep-sea of the Mexican Gulf of Mexico and Gulf of California, along with a proposal of several species groups of <em>Pseudomesochra</em>.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":49332,"journal":{"name":"Zoologischer Anzeiger","volume":"316 ","pages":"Pages 53-74"},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2025-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143684077","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Morphological and molecular analysis of four indicator species of Chironomus (Chironominae) larvae from Korea with morphological identification trait on Mouth part 四种具有口部形态鉴定特征的朝鲜手摇蝇幼虫的形态与分子分析
IF 1.2 3区 生物学 Q2 ZOOLOGY Pub Date : 2025-05-01 Epub Date: 2025-05-10 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcz.2025.05.004
Hyunsu Yoo , Jae-Won Park , T.Y. Suman , Ihn-Sil Kwak
Chironomid larvae are important bioindicators of freshwater ecosystems and health, but their morphological similarities often hinder species-level identification. This study employed a combined morphological and molecular approach to differentiate four common Chironomus species: Chironomus flaviplumus, Chironomus dorsalis, Chironomus nipponensis, and Chironomus plumosus. Morphological analysis revealed distinct head appendage features: C. dorsalis possesses unique mentum lateral teeth alignment, while C. flaviplumus and C. nipponensis share a distinct mandible type, and C. flaviplumus and C. plumosus have a unique pecten-epipharyngis tooth type. Phylogenetic Bayesian inference and molecular data produced a divided clade for each species group, confirming their distinct evolutionary lineagesPairwise genetics distances revealed ranges similar to previous intra- and inter-specific variation research, further supporting species delimitation. This study demonstrates the utility of combining morphological and molecular methods for accurate species identification. It paves the way for developing a pictorial key for Chironomus species, facilitating more precise biomonitoring of freshwater ecosystems.
摇蚊幼虫是淡水生态系统和健康状况的重要生物指标,但其形态相似性往往阻碍物种水平的鉴定。本研究采用形态与分子相结合的方法对四种常见的Chironomus flaviplumus、Chironomus dorsalis、Chironomus nipponensis和Chironomus plumosus进行了鉴定。形态学分析表明,C. dorsalus具有独特的颏侧齿,C. flaviplumus和C. nipponensis具有独特的下颌骨类型,C. flaviplumus和C. plumosus具有独特的pecten- epynis齿型。系统发育的贝叶斯推断和分子数据为每个物种群体划分了一个分支,证实了它们独特的进化谱系,而鸟类遗传距离显示的范围与之前的种内和种间变异研究相似,进一步支持了物种划分。本研究证明了形态学和分子学相结合的方法对准确的物种鉴定的实用性。它为开发Chironomus物种的图像钥匙铺平了道路,促进了淡水生态系统的更精确的生物监测。
{"title":"Morphological and molecular analysis of four indicator species of Chironomus (Chironominae) larvae from Korea with morphological identification trait on Mouth part","authors":"Hyunsu Yoo ,&nbsp;Jae-Won Park ,&nbsp;T.Y. Suman ,&nbsp;Ihn-Sil Kwak","doi":"10.1016/j.jcz.2025.05.004","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jcz.2025.05.004","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Chironomid larvae are important bioindicators of freshwater ecosystems and health, but their morphological similarities often hinder species-level identification. This study employed a combined morphological and molecular approach to differentiate four common <em>Chironomus</em> species: <em>Chironomus flaviplumus</em>, <em>Chironomus dorsalis</em>, <em>Chironomus nipponensis</em>, and <em>Chironomus plumosus</em>. Morphological analysis revealed distinct head appendage features: <em>C. dorsalis</em> possesses unique mentum lateral teeth alignment, while <em>C. flaviplumus</em> and <em>C. nipponensis</em> share a distinct mandible type, and <em>C. flaviplumus</em> and <em>C. plumosus</em> have a unique pecten-epipharyngis tooth type. Phylogenetic Bayesian inference and molecular data produced a divided clade for each species group, confirming their distinct evolutionary lineagesPairwise genetics distances revealed ranges similar to previous intra- and inter-specific variation research, further supporting species delimitation. This study demonstrates the utility of combining morphological and molecular methods for accurate species identification. It paves the way for developing a pictorial key for <em>Chironomus</em> species, facilitating more precise biomonitoring of freshwater ecosystems.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":49332,"journal":{"name":"Zoologischer Anzeiger","volume":"316 ","pages":"Pages 284-297"},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2025-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143942577","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
New insights into the comparative retinal microstructure-visual daily activity relationship among three Egyptian snakes: Diurnal Psammophis sibilans and Psammophis schokari, and both diurnal and nocturnal Spalerosophis diadema 三种埃及蛇:白天活动的sibilans和schokari以及白天和夜间活动的Spalerosophis diadema的视网膜显微结构-视觉日常活动关系的新见解
IF 1.2 3区 生物学 Q2 ZOOLOGY Pub Date : 2025-05-01 Epub Date: 2025-05-08 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcz.2025.05.003
Doaa Gewily , Ramadan Kandyel , Fatma Madkour , Mohamed Abumandour , Om Prakash Choudhary , Aya H. Tantawy , Walaa Shalaby

Background

The retina is adapted to the visual activity of vertebrates, and this study attempts to clarify the retinal morphological features between three snakes with different visual activities.

Methods

The retina of three Egyptian snakes of different visual activities (circadian activity)—diurnal Psammophis sibilans, diurnal Psammophis schokari, and frequently diurnal active and little nocturnal active Spalerosophis diadema—have been investigated by light and transmission electron microscopy.

Results

The study examined the morphology of photoreceptors in three snakes and their retinal structure to understand their adaptation to different life modes. Our results showed that diurnal snakes have cone-type photoreceptors, while nocturnal snakes have rod-type photoreceptors. The vascular retina consists of two layers: the outer pigmented epithelium and the inner neural layer, which consists of nine layers as described in other snakes. The pigmented epithelium consists of a single cellular layer that extends externally to the photoreceptor layer. The photoreceptor cell layer in P. sibilans comprised single and double cones, while P. schokari and S. diadema had only a single cone, but in P. schokari, this single cone had two types (small and large). The photoreceptor layer in S. diadema is thicker than in P. sibilans and P. schokari. There are a lot of differences between the layer thicknesses of the studied snakes.

Conclusion

Our findings revealed that the retinal microstructure in the three snakes was linked to their visual activity.
视网膜适应脊椎动物的视觉活动,本研究试图阐明三种不同视觉活动蛇的视网膜形态特征。方法采用光镜和透射电子显微镜观察了三种不同视觉活动(昼夜活动)的埃及蛇——白天活动的sibilans、白天活动的schokari和夜间活动频繁的diadeaspalerosophis的视网膜。结果研究了三种蛇的光感受器形态和视网膜结构,以了解它们对不同生活方式的适应。结果表明,白天活动的蛇具有锥型光感受器,而夜间活动的蛇具有杆状光感受器。血管视网膜由两层组成:外层色素上皮和内层神经层,内层神经层由其他蛇的九层组成。色素上皮由单个细胞层组成,向外延伸至感光层。sibilans的感光细胞层由单和双锥体组成,而p.s okari和s.s diadema只有一个锥体,但在p.s okari中,这个单锥体有小和大两种类型。棘球绦虫的感光层比棘球绦虫和schokari棘球绦虫更厚。被研究的蛇的层厚度有很多不同。结论三种蛇的视网膜结构与它们的视觉活动有关。
{"title":"New insights into the comparative retinal microstructure-visual daily activity relationship among three Egyptian snakes: Diurnal Psammophis sibilans and Psammophis schokari, and both diurnal and nocturnal Spalerosophis diadema","authors":"Doaa Gewily ,&nbsp;Ramadan Kandyel ,&nbsp;Fatma Madkour ,&nbsp;Mohamed Abumandour ,&nbsp;Om Prakash Choudhary ,&nbsp;Aya H. Tantawy ,&nbsp;Walaa Shalaby","doi":"10.1016/j.jcz.2025.05.003","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jcz.2025.05.003","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>The retina is adapted to the visual activity of vertebrates, and this study attempts to clarify the retinal morphological features between three snakes with different visual activities.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>The retina of three Egyptian snakes of different visual activities (circadian activity)—diurnal <em>Psammophis sibilans</em>, diurnal <em>Psammophis schokari</em>, and frequently diurnal <em>active</em> and <em>little</em> nocturnal active <em>Spalerosophis diadema</em>—have been investigated by light and transmission electron microscopy.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>The study examined the morphology of photoreceptors in three snakes and their retinal structure to understand their adaptation to different life modes. Our results showed that diurnal snakes have cone-type photoreceptors, while nocturnal snakes have rod-type photoreceptors. The vascular retina consists of two layers: the outer pigmented epithelium and the inner neural layer, which consists of nine layers as described in other snakes. The pigmented epithelium consists of a single cellular layer that extends externally to the photoreceptor layer. The photoreceptor cell layer in <em>P. sibilans</em> comprised single and double cones, while <em>P. schokari</em> and <em>S. diadema</em> had only a single cone, but in <em>P. schokari,</em> this single cone had two types (small and large). The photoreceptor layer in <em>S. diadema</em> is thicker than in <em>P. sibilans</em> and <em>P. schokari</em>. There are a lot of differences between the layer thicknesses of the studied snakes.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>Our findings revealed that the retinal microstructure in the three snakes was linked to their visual activity.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":49332,"journal":{"name":"Zoologischer Anzeiger","volume":"316 ","pages":"Pages 309-319"},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2025-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144069865","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Chimalfus and Liracoxa (Coleoptera: Staphylinidae: Staphylininae), two new genera from southern south America with a geometric morphometric evaluation of head and pronotal chaetotaxy 南美南部两新属Chimalfus和Liracoxa(鞘翅目:葡萄球菌科:葡萄球菌科)头部和前额毛分类学的几何形态计量学评价
IF 1.2 3区 生物学 Q2 ZOOLOGY Pub Date : 2025-05-01 Epub Date: 2025-03-14 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcz.2025.03.002
Anna Reinhold Larsen , Alexey Solodovnikov , José L. Reyes-Hernández
Based on the ongoing phylogenetic study of the subtribe Amblyopinina, two new genera are described, Chimalfus gen. nov. and Liracoxa gen. nov. to accommodate three species earlier misplaced in the genus Sphingoquedius. The resulting new combinations are Chimalfus brevis (Sáiz, 1971) comb. nov., Chimalfus discoideus (Fairmaire and Germain, 1862) comb. nov., and Liracoxa nana (Sáiz, 1971) comb. nov. Furthermore, a new species, Chimalfus brunneus sp. nov., is described. For each species, taxonomic descriptions, illustrations, distributions, and bionomics are provided. Geometric morphometric analysis identified morphologically significant traits for the delimitation of all revised and new species. Principal Component Analysis (PCA) and procrustes ANOVA offered an effective overview of all traits, highlighting key morphological characters for species delimitation. The analyses revealed that the chaetotaxy of the head and pronotum was significant for species delimitation. This knowledge, as well as the methodical workflow employed in this study, may be applied in future taxonomic work in the more species-rich genera of Amblyopinina.
根据正在进行的 Amblyopinina 亚族系统发育研究,描述了两个新属 Chimalfus gen.由此产生的新组合是 Chimalfus brevis (Sáiz, 1971) comb.此外,还描述了一个新种 Chimalfus brunneus sp.此外,还描述了新种 Chimalfus brunneus sp.几何形态分析确定了所有修订种和新种的重要形态特征。主成分分析(PCA)和褶皱方差分析(procrustes ANOVA)提供了对所有特征的有效概述,突出了物种划分的关键形态特征。分析结果表明,头部和前胸的序列对物种划分具有重要意义。这些知识以及本研究采用的工作流程可应用于今后物种更丰富的 Amblyopinina 属的分类工作中。
{"title":"Chimalfus and Liracoxa (Coleoptera: Staphylinidae: Staphylininae), two new genera from southern south America with a geometric morphometric evaluation of head and pronotal chaetotaxy","authors":"Anna Reinhold Larsen ,&nbsp;Alexey Solodovnikov ,&nbsp;José L. Reyes-Hernández","doi":"10.1016/j.jcz.2025.03.002","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jcz.2025.03.002","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Based on the ongoing phylogenetic study of the subtribe Amblyopinina, two new genera are described, <em>Chimalfus</em> <strong>gen. nov.</strong> and <em>Liracoxa</em> <strong>gen. nov.</strong> to accommodate three species earlier misplaced in the genus <em>Sphingoquedius</em>. The resulting new combinations are <em>Chimalfus brevis</em> (Sáiz, 1971) <strong>comb. nov.</strong>, <em>Chimalfus discoideus</em> (Fairmaire and Germain, 1862) <strong>comb. nov.</strong>, and <em>Liracoxa nana</em> (Sáiz, 1971) <strong>comb. nov.</strong> Furthermore, a new species, <em>Chimalfus brunneus</em> <strong>sp. nov.</strong>, is described. For each species, taxonomic descriptions, illustrations, distributions, and bionomics are provided. Geometric morphometric analysis identified morphologically significant traits for the delimitation of all revised and new species. Principal Component Analysis (PCA) and procrustes ANOVA offered an effective overview of all traits, highlighting key morphological characters for species delimitation. The analyses revealed that the chaetotaxy of the head and pronotum was significant for species delimitation. This knowledge, as well as the methodical workflow employed in this study, may be applied in future taxonomic work in the more species-rich genera of Amblyopinina.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":49332,"journal":{"name":"Zoologischer Anzeiger","volume":"316 ","pages":"Pages 85-96"},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2025-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143734683","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
A new and threatened species of internally inseminating seasonal killifish of Campellolebias (Cyprinodontiformes: Rivulidae) endemic to a continental island in the Atlantic Forest, Southern Brazil 巴西南部大西洋森林某大陆岛屿特有的一种内授精季节性鳉鱼(鲤形目:鲤科)
IF 1.2 3区 生物学 Q2 ZOOLOGY Pub Date : 2025-05-01 Epub Date: 2025-03-26 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcz.2025.03.004
Matheus Vieira Volcan , Daiana Kaster Garcez , Lizandra Jaqueline Robe , Caio Roberto Magagnin Feltrin , Wilson José Eduardo Moreira Costa , Luis Esteban Krause Lanés
Campellolebias comprises small internally inseminating seasonal fishes that inhabit temporary pools in tropical and subtropical areas of the Atlantic Forest. It currently encompasses four species. Integrative taxonomy was used here to investigate a possible new species found in the island of Florianópolis, southern Brazil. The examined material confirm that it pertains to a new species. Furthermore, minimum genetic distances found between this and other species of Campellolebias regarding mitochondrial markers were higher than 3 %. This new species is distinguished from all other species of Campellolebias by the combination of a series of character states, including the color pattern in both sexes, pelvic-fin bases separated by an interspace, pelvic-fin tips reaching base of the 1st anal-fin ray in males and the urogenital papilla in females, by possessing 1–2+24-29 infraorbital neuromasts, 2–4 otic neuromasts, and by the anal-fin origin being positioned at a vertical between the base of the 4th and 6th dorsal-fin ray in females. Campellolebias insularis, new species, occurs exclusively in small temporary wetlands in areas under strong threat due to real estate development, in the island of Florianópolis. Due to the advanced stage of habitat loss and degradation, its restricted distribution area, and the reduced populations sizes, the species is considered Critically Endangered. Additionally, comments are provided on the putative relationships of the new species, its conservation status, and an identification key for the species of Campellolebias.
Campellolebias是一种小型的内部授精季节性鱼类,栖息在大西洋森林热带和亚热带地区的临时水池中。目前有四种。本文采用综合分类学方法对巴西南部Florianópolis岛上发现的一种可能的新种进行了研究。经检查的材料证实它属于一个新物种。此外,在线粒体标记方面,该物种与其他camellolebias物种之间的最小遗传距离高于3%。这一新种与其他所有的Campellolebias物种的区别在于,它具有一系列的特征状态,包括两性的颜色图案,骨盆鳍基部有间隙分隔,雄性的骨盆鳍尖端到达第1肛门鳍的底部,雌性的泌尿生殖器乳头,拥有1-2 +24-29个眶下神经突,2-4个耳神经突,通过肛门鳍的起源在雌性的第四和第六背鳍的底部之间的垂直位置。campellolbias insularis是一种新物种,只生长在Florianópolis岛上因房地产开发而受到严重威胁的小型临时湿地上。由于栖息地丧失和退化的后期阶段,其分布区域受到限制,种群数量减少,该物种被认为是极度濒危物种。此外,还对该新种的推测关系、保护现状和Campellolebias的鉴定关键进行了评述。
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