Zoologischer Anzeiger最新文献_第10页

Detailed taxonomy and morphological analyses of two key ostracod species from Patagonia, Argentina: distribution and implications for paleoenvironmental reconstructions 阿根廷巴塔哥尼亚两种介形类的详细分类和形态分析：分布及其古环境重建意义

IF 1.2 3区生物学 Q2 ZOOLOGY

Zoologischer Anzeiger

Pub Date : 2025-05-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcz.2025.05.001

Alejandra P. Pérez, Corina Coviaga, Lorena Ramos, Pablo Alvear, Gabriela Cusminsky

Limnocythere rionegroensis and Limnocythere patagonica are among the most widely distributed ostracod species in Patagonia, Argentina, and are commonly used as proxies in paleoenvironmental reconstructions. Despite their relevance, a taxonomic revision was necessary due to the lack of detailed morphological descriptions. Here, we provide the first comprehensive anatomical characterization of the soft parts of both species. Our findings also underscore the diagnostic value of female genital morphology for ostracod species identification. We evaluate intra- and interspecific morphological variability across multiple populations, documenting size variation in both species and ornamentation differences in L. rionegroensis. Morphometric and anatomical analyses confirm that these variations fall within the range of intraspecific variability. We also explore the environmental preferences, geographic distributions, and significance of these taxa as climate indicators. Both species exhibit broad distributions across northern and southern Patagonia. Although they rarely co-occur in modern or recent assemblages, they are frequently found together in the sedimentary record, suggesting that limited coexistence may result from narrow environmental tolerances rather than geographic isolation. Our results clarify the taxonomic status and ensure the nomenclatural stability of both species. By integrating taxonomic, morphometric, environmental, and geographic data from numerous populations, this study improves the accuracy and reliability of paleoenvironmental reconstructions in Patagonia—a key region for understanding Holocene climate dynamics in the Southern Hemisphere.

Limnocythere rionegroensis和Limnocythere patagonica是阿根廷巴塔哥尼亚地区分布最广泛的介形类，常被用作古环境重建的代用物。尽管它们具有相关性，但由于缺乏详细的形态学描述，分类修订是必要的。在这里，我们提供了两个物种的软部分的第一个全面的解剖特征。我们的研究结果也强调了雌性生殖器形态在介形虫种类鉴定中的诊断价值。我们评估了多个种群的种内和种间形态变异，记录了两个物种的大小变化和L. rionegroensis的纹饰差异。形态计量学和解剖学分析证实，这些变异属于种内变异的范围。我们还探讨了这些分类群的环境偏好、地理分布及其作为气候指标的意义。这两个物种在巴塔哥尼亚北部和南部都有广泛的分布。虽然它们很少同时出现在现代或近代的组合中，但在沉积记录中却经常发现它们同时出现，这表明有限的共存可能是由于狭窄的环境容忍度，而不是地理隔离。我们的研究结果明确了这两个物种的分类地位，并确保了其命名的稳定性。通过整合来自大量种群的分类、形态、环境和地理数据，本研究提高了巴塔哥尼亚古环境重建的准确性和可靠性——巴塔哥尼亚是了解南半球全新世气候动力学的关键地区。

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引用次数: 0

The rise of a Titan: a new species of the giant Titanolebias killifishes, and its phylogeny (Cyprinodontiformes: Rivulidae) 泰坦的崛起：巨型泰坦鲨的新种及其系统发育（鲤齿目：鲤科）

IF 1.2 3区生物学 Q2 ZOOLOGY

Zoologischer Anzeiger

Pub Date : 2025-05-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcz.2025.04.009

Felipe Alonso , Guillermo Enrique Terán , Wilson Sebastián Serra Alanís , Marcos Martin Waldbillig , Martin Miguel Montes , Baltazar Bugeau , Jorge Adrian Barneche , Marina Ibañez Shimabukuro , Francisco González Táboas , Malena Maroli , Matías Jesús Almeida

The genus Titanolebias comprises the largest-bodied seasonal killifishes, inhabiting temporary wetlands of the La Plata Basin and adjacent areas in South America. Here, we describe a new species from the Eastern Chacoan region, representing the first record of the genus in this area, providing important biogeographic and evolutionary insights. Phylogenetic analyses confirm the monophyly of Titanolebias, placing Titanolebias monstrosus as the sister species to the remaining species of the genus and recovering the new species as sister to a clade composed of Titanolebias prognathus, Titanolebias elongatus, and Titanolebias cheradophilus. Titanolebias species, exhibits reduced sexual dimorphism, potentially associated with a trophic shift toward larger prey in the origin of this genus and presents several potential cases of aggressive mimicry. Megalebias genus represents a case of convergent evolution towards ichthyophagy with Titanolebias. Morphological analyses reveal that the new species present the diagnostic characters of the genus Titanolebias and can be distinguished by its unique coloration and other morphological traits. Behavioral and ecological data are also provided. Despite its restricted distribution and the vulnerability of ephemeral wetlands to habitat loss, the species is found within a National Park. This discovery provides valuable insights into convergent evolution linked to trophic shifts and contributes to the understanding of the evolution, phylogeny, ecology, and biogeography of Neotropical fishes, offering new avenues for future research and conservation policies for this threatened group of fishes.

Titanolebias属是体型最大的季节性鳉，栖息在南美洲拉普拉塔盆地和邻近地区的临时湿地。在这里，我们描述了一个来自东查科地区的新种，代表了该地区该属的第一个记录，提供了重要的生物地理学和进化见解。系统发育分析证实了Titanolebias的单系性，将Titanolebias monstrosus定位为该属剩余种的姐妹种，并将新种定位为由Titanolebias prognathus， Titanolebias elongatus和Titanolebias cheradophilus组成的分支的姐妹种。Titanolebias物种表现出减少的两性二态性，可能与该属起源时向更大猎物的营养转移有关，并提出了几个潜在的攻击性模仿案例。meggalebias属代表了与Titanolebias趋同进化为食鱼的一个例子。形态学分析表明，该新种具有钛油石属的诊断特征，并可通过其独特的颜色和其他形态学特征加以区分。还提供了行为和生态数据。尽管它的分布有限，而且易受栖息地丧失的短暂湿地的影响，但该物种在国家公园内被发现。这一发现为研究与营养转移相关的趋同进化提供了有价值的见解，有助于理解新热带鱼类的进化、系统发育、生态学和生物地理学，为未来对这一濒危鱼类群体的研究和保护政策提供了新的途径。

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引用次数: 0

Ontogenetic characterization of the secondary sexual characters of Penaeus schmitti Burkenroad, 1936 and Penaeus vannamei Boone, 1931 (Decapoda: Penaeidae) 1936年schmitti Burkenroad对虾和1931年vanannamei Boone对虾第二性性状的个体发生特征（十足目：对虾科）

IF 1.2 3区生物学 Q2 ZOOLOGY

Zoologischer Anzeiger

Pub Date : 2025-05-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcz.2025.04.008

Alex Barbosa de Moraes , Daniele Cosme Soares de Moraes , Allysson Pontes Pinheiro , Fúlvio Aurélio de Morais Freire

Secondary sexual characters are commonly used in taxonomic studies of penaeid shrimp, as these structures are the main distinguishing features between species. However, there are few studies on the ontogenetic development of these structures, and most of them describe only a single developmental stage. The ontogenetic comparison of these structures may be particularly useful for accurately assessing the biological invasion process of the exotic species Penaeus vannamei in the central-western South Atlantic, given the difficulty of distinguishing it from its natural congener Penaeus schmitti at juvenile stages. To fill this gap, here we describe the morphology of secondary sexual characters in P. vannamei and P. schmitti along the ontogeny. We confirmed the efficiency of these structures to discriminate them at different ontogenetic stages. Our results show that the structures of secondary sexual characters in juvenile shrimp are different from those in adults, but nevertheless, sets of characters in both the thelycum and the petasma allow a successful distinction between the studied species at different ontogenetic stages. Our results also support the hypothesis that endopodite fusion may not be the final step in male sexual morphological development. Our research may facilitate the assessment of the establishment process of P. vannamei along the American Atlantic coastline, a critical step in monitoring and controlling the spread of alien species. In addition, these results may serve as a baseline for future studies on the reproductive biology and development of penaeid shrimp.

第二性特征是对虾分类学研究中常用的一种方法，因为第二性特征是对虾的主要特征。然而，关于这些结构的个体发育的研究很少，而且大多只描述了一个单一的发育阶段。这些结构的个体发生比较可能对准确评估南大西洋中西部外来物种凡纳滨对虾（Penaeus vannamei）的生物入侵过程特别有用，因为在幼年阶段很难将其与自然同系物施米蒂对虾（Penaeus schmitti）区分出来。为了填补这一空白，我们沿着个体发生的方向描述了凡纳梅和施米蒂的第二性征形态。我们证实了这些结构在不同个体发生阶段的有效性。我们的研究结果表明，幼虾的第二性特征结构与成虾的第二性特征结构不同，但尽管如此，鞘层和足部的一系列特征使得所研究的物种在不同的个体发育阶段之间得到了成功的区分。我们的研究结果也支持了内胚芽融合可能不是雄性性形态发育的最后一步的假设。本研究有助于评估美洲大西洋沿岸凡纳滨鹬的建立过程，这是监测和控制外来物种传播的关键步骤。本研究结果可为对虾生殖生物学和发育的进一步研究奠定基础。

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引用次数: 0

To be or not to be, that is the question for the nature and proper name for a pair of anterior skull bones in species of the Rhinella granulosa group (Anura: Bufonidae) 生存还是毁灭，这是犀牛群（无尾目：蟾蜍科）中一对前颅骨的性质和正确名称的问题。

IF 1.2 3区生物学 Q2 ZOOLOGY

Zoologischer Anzeiger

Pub Date : 2025-05-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcz.2025.04.011

Marcelo Batista , Gabriel Limp , Gustavo Colaço , Sara Caldas Gonçalves de Oliveira , Katrine Paiva , Marcos Colaço , Regina Cély Barroso , Helio Ricardo da Silva

Herein we reevaluate the homology and proper name of a set of skull bones in bufonid toads of the Rhinella granulosa species group. Since 2000 these bones have been called prenasals, but a recent publication proposed these bones to be hypertrophied septomaxillae. The first suggestion that these elements represented a new bone in the skull of these toads appeared in the early 1970's, but a formal description and naming did not appear until 1982. We gathered new observations, based primarily on μCT images, of 6 of the 12 known species in the group and present a reinterpretation and alternative description. Although dealing with a single bone present in the skull of a small group of South American toads, for which evidence of monophyly is abundant, may seem unimportant, the relevance of such description may go beyond systematics. Inferring well-based morphological homologies of structures is fundamental for an appropriate understanding of the roles of such structure in the evolution of the group and, consequently, function. In these toads, the area anterior to the nares comprises two bones that, early in development, fuse to the paired septomaxilla, forming an element that protrudes anteriorly to form the distinctive rostral profile of these species. Here we present a redescription of these bones, reevaluate their uniqueness for this group of toads, and discuss the most appropriate name for this element.

在这里，我们重新评估同源性和专有名称的一套头盖骨在水蟾蜍的Rhinella颗粒种组。自2000年以来，这些骨头被称为鼻前骨，但最近的一份出版物提出这些骨头是肥大的鼻中隔。这些元素代表这些蟾蜍头骨中的新骨头的第一个建议出现在20世纪70年代初，但直到1982年才出现正式的描述和命名。我们收集了新的观察结果，主要基于μCT图像，对该组12个已知物种中的6个进行了重新解释和替代描述。尽管处理一小群南美蟾蜍头骨中的一块骨头似乎不重要，但这种描述的相关性可能超出了系统分类学的范畴，因为单系性的证据很丰富。推断结构的形态同源性是适当理解这种结构在群体进化中的作用以及因此而产生的功能的基础。在这些蟾蜍中，鼻前的区域由两块骨头组成，在发育早期与成对的鼻中隔腋窝融合，形成一个突出在前面的元素，形成这些物种独特的吻侧轮廓。在这里，我们对这些骨头进行了重新描述，重新评估了它们在这组蟾蜍中的独特性，并讨论了这个元素最合适的名称。

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引用次数: 0

Does fish scale morphology allow the identification of species complex? A case study for algae scraper fishes in Iran (Teleostei: Cyprinidae) 鱼鳞的形态是否允许复杂的物种识别？伊朗刮藻鱼个案研究（Teleostei: Cyprinidae）

IF 1.2 3区生物学 Q2 ZOOLOGY

Zoologischer Anzeiger

Pub Date : 2025-05-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcz.2025.04.006

Sima Aslan Faal , Hamid Reza Esmaeili , Azad Teimori , Gholamreza Shahhosseini

This study investigated scale morphology in 18 Iranian algae-scraper species from the genera Capoeta and Paracapoeta to assess variation patterns and evaluate whether phylogenetic relationships correlate with scale morphological differences. Phylogenetic analysis utilized 44 COI gene sequences (651 bp) from the same specimens used for scale examination. Morphological assessment includes macro- and microscopic features from scales across five body regions and three size classes. The results revealed that the general scale type in these genera is a basal elasmoid cycloid and a sectioned type. The scales of examined species from two genera demonstrate remarkable variation in focus shape, size, and position among the five body regions and different size classes. The scales possess narrow or wide radii in three types: primary, secondary, and tertiary—the radii present in all four scale fields i.e., a tetra-sectioned type resulting in scale flexibility. The rostral margin of the scales was smooth, indented, and waved domical, dentate, and scalloped types. Additionally, the shape and size of the lepidonts varied, with some being blunt, pointed, tiny, sharp, short, and long. These scale characteristics serve as reliable diagnostic tools for species identification, classification, and phylogenetic inference within this species complex.

本研究研究了18种伊朗刮藻属（Capoeta属和Paracapoeta属）的鳞片形态，以评估其变异模式，并评估系统发育关系是否与鳞片形态差异相关。系统发育分析利用了44条COI基因序列（651 bp）。形态评估包括宏观和微观特征，从尺度跨越五个身体区域和三个大小类。结果表明，这些属的鳞片类型一般为基础弹性摆线型和切分型。两属被试物种的鳞片在5个身体区域和不同体型类别之间的焦点形状、大小和位置有显著差异。尺度在三种类型中具有窄半径或宽半径：初级，次级和三级-存在于所有四个尺度域中的半径，即，导致尺度灵活性的四分割类型。鳞片的吻侧边缘光滑，凹陷，波浪状的圆形，齿状和扇形。此外，鳞片的形状和大小也各不相同，有的钝，有的尖，有的小，有的尖，有的短，有的长。这些尺度特征作为物种识别、分类和系统发育推断的可靠诊断工具。

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引用次数: 0

Speciation on the continent in the Miocene? Multiple overseas dispersal to the island? –Reexamination of diversification process of Kurixalus eiffingeri (Boettger, 1895) (Amphibia: Rhacophoridae)– 中新世大陆的物种形成？多次海外分散到岛上？- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -

IF 1.2 3区生物学 Q2 ZOOLOGY

Zoologischer Anzeiger

Pub Date : 2025-05-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcz.2025.04.010

Ryo Kamimura , Shumei Sakihama , Chi-Shiun Wu , Yi-Huey Chen , Masafumi Matsui , Natsuhiko Yoshikawa , Atsushi Tominaga

To clarify the genetic differentiation of a small tree frog species, Kurixalus eiffingeri complex from the Yaeyama Islands and Taiwan, phylogenetic analyses were conducted using the partial mitochondrial DNA sequences. K. eiffingeri was divided into four major lineages: Ishigaki, Iriomote, Central Taiwan, and Northern Taiwan. The Ishigaki and Iriomote lineages were combined as the Ryukyu clade, which is sister to the Northern Taiwan lineage, and these together were outgrouped by the Central Taiwan lineage. The expansion of Kurixalus into Taiwan is estimated to have occurred twice, the first 4.75–6.70 million years ago by the common ancestor of the K. eiffingeri species group, and the second in the Late Pleistocene (0.33–1.11 million years ago) by the ancestor of the Kurixalus idiootocus species group. The K. eiffingeri species group diverged into Kurixalus wangi and Kurixalus berylliniris, and Central and Northern Taiwan lineages through the uplift of the mountain range of Taiwan, and then the Northern Taiwan lineage spread to the Yaeyama Islands (including Ishigaki Island, Iriomote Island and son on) during the Early Pleistocene through a land bridge. The divergence time between the Ishigaki and Iriomote lineages was much older than the age of the Last Glacial Maximum (LGM). Thus, their genetic differentiation was maintained even the two islands were connected during the LGM.

为了明确台湾八山群岛小树蛙（Kurixalus eiffingeri complex）的遗传分化，利用部分线粒体DNA序列进行了系统发育分析。艾氏家蚕被划分为四个主要的世系：石垣、伊洛莫特、台湾中部和台湾北部。石垣和Iriomote谱系被合并为琉球分支，它是台湾北部谱系的姐妹，而这些分支一起被台湾中部谱系所取代。据估计，Kurixalus曾两次进入台湾，第一次是在475 - 670万年前，由K. eiffingeri种群的共同祖先，第二次是在晚更新世（0.33 - 111万年前）由Kurixalus idiootocus种群的祖先。早更新世，北台湾种群通过陆桥向八山列岛（包括石垣岛、怡罗得岛等）扩散，并在台湾山脉的隆升中分化为王木树和柏树树，以及台湾中部和北部种群。石垣系和Iriomote系的分化时间远早于末次盛冰期（LGM）。因此，即使两个岛屿在LGM期间连接，它们的遗传分化也保持不变。

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引用次数: 0

Morphological and molecular evidence confirm the occurrence of the threatened annual fish Garcialebias reicherti (Loureiro & Garcia 2004) (Rivulidae) in Brazil 形态学和分子证据证实巴西存在受威胁的年生鱼Garcialebias reicherti (Loureiro & Garcia 2004) （Rivulidae）

IF 1.2 3区生物学 Q2 ZOOLOGY

Zoologischer Anzeiger

Pub Date : 2025-05-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcz.2025.05.002

Matheus Vieira Volcan , Djenifer Huppes Grubler , Lizandra Jaqueline Robe , Luis Esteban Krause Lanés

Garcialebias is the most representative genus of the Austrolebias genus group, comprising 16 species, 14 of which are recorded in Brazil. Most of these are rare and are restricted-range species facing a severe threat of extinction. Garcialebias reicherti is endemic to drainages associated with the Mirin lagoon in Uruguay. However, preliminary studies suggested that the species is also present in Brazilian territory. In this study, the analysis of morphological and molecular characters confirms the occurrence of the species in Brazil. Individuals of G. reicherti collected in the Jaguarão River basin exhibited all the diagnostic characteristics of the species, and molecular analyses revealed that these individuals clustered with the Uruguayan populations of G. reicherti, forming together a well-supported monophyletic group. In total, seven temporary wetlands with the presence of G. reicherti were recorded in Brazil, distributed along the lower course of the Jaguarão River and its tributary. As in Uruguay, the species should likewise be considered endangered in Brazil.

Garcialebias是Austrolebias属群中最具代表性的属，共有16种，其中14种在巴西有记录。其中大多数是稀有的，是面临灭绝严重威胁的限制范围物种。Garcialebias reicherti是乌拉圭与Mirin泻湖相关的排水系统的地方性疾病。然而，初步研究表明，该物种也存在于巴西境内。在本研究中，形态学和分子特征分析证实了该物种在巴西的存在。在jaguararo河流域收集的G. reicherti个体具有该物种的所有诊断特征，分子分析表明这些个体与G. reicherti乌拉圭种群聚集在一起，形成了一个良好的单系群。在巴西共记录到7个有G. reicherti存在的临时湿地，分布在jaguarar河及其支流的下游。与乌拉圭一样，该物种在巴西也应被视为濒危物种。

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引用次数: 0

A closer look inside the hollow stalks for uninvited guests: Parasitoids of nesting bees (Hymenoptera: Chalcidoidea) in Iran 为不速之客仔细观察中空的茎：伊朗筑巢蜜蜂的寄生蜂（膜翅目：蜂总科）

IF 1.2 3区生物学 Q2 ZOOLOGY

Zoologischer Anzeiger

Pub Date : 2025-05-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcz.2025.03.006

Hossein Lotfalizadeh , Yadollah Hajilari , Ahmad Nadimi , Majid Jafarlu

The reed stalks, Phragmites spp. are widely used for biological and ecological studies of nesting aculeate Hymenoptera, as well as in the construction of artificial nests or insect hotels for their conservation. During our studies in northern Iran, which involved the use of reed stalks and various other plants stems, we reared five chalcidoid wasps from three families Chalcididae, Eulophidae and Leucospidae. Among these, two new species were described Neochalcis hyrcanicus Lotfalizadeh, sp. nov (Chalcididae) associated with Megachile sp. (Megachilidae), and Baryscapus caspicus Lotfalizadeh & Jafarlu, sp. nov. (Eulophidae) associated with Vespidae. Additionally, a novel association between Leucospis bifasciata Klug, 1812 and O. caerulescens was documented for the first time. Illustrations and diagnostic characteristics of the parasitoids are provided.

芦苇茎被广泛用于膜翅目筑巢昆虫的生物学和生态学研究，以及人工筑巢和昆虫旅馆的保护。在伊朗北部的研究中，我们利用芦苇茎和各种其他植物茎，饲养了5只chalidoid黄蜂，分别来自Chalcididae， Eulophidae和Leucospidae三个科。其中新发现2个新种，Neochalcis hyrcanicus Lotfalizadeh, sp. nov （Chalcididae）与Megachile sp. （Megachilidae）有亲缘关系，Baryscapus caspicus Lotfalizadeh；Jafarlu, sp. 11 .（蛭蝇科）与蛭蝇科有关。此外，我们还首次发现了双歧Leucospis bifasciata Klug， 1812与O. caerulescens之间的关联。文中还提供了寄生蜂的图解和诊断特征。

引用次数: 0

Taxonomy, molecular phylogeny and distribution of Actinopus Perty, 1833 (Araneae: Actinopodidae) in central Argentina 阿根廷中部放线虫的分类、分子系统发育及分布（蜘蛛目：放线虫科）

IF 1.2 3区生物学 Q2 ZOOLOGY

Zoologischer Anzeiger

Pub Date : 2025-04-25 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcz.2025.04.007

Nicoletta Micaela , Soresi Daniela , Ferretti Nelson

Actinopus comprises 98 species of trapdoor spiders endemic to the Neotropic region. In southwestern Buenos Aires, Argentina, four species are recorded: Actinopus casuhati Ríos-Tamayo and Goloboff, 2018, A. laventana Miglio, Pérez-Miles & Bonaldo, 2020, Actinopus patagonia Ríos-Tamayo and Goloboff, 2018, and Actinopus puelche Ríos-Tamayo and Goloboff, 2018; females of A. puelche are unknown. By the examination of Actinopus from Bahía Blanca district, southwestern Buenos Aires province, we found specimens that do not fit within any of the known species. Thus, we implemented an integrative approach combining molecular and morphological evidence to describe, diagnose and illustrate Actinopus obrerografico sp. nov. In addition, we describe for the first time the female of A. puelche. We also present new distributional records for A. patagonia and A. puelche. Males of A. obrerografico sp. nov. Can be distinguished by having red tarsi and metatarsi, and bulb with well developed keels and apophysis, and no denticles along the inferior prolateral keel; females, can be distinguished by the spermathecae, bilobed with external lobe well developed and an internal basal proejection. Females of A. puelche can be distinguished by having a spermathecae with slight marked lobes. A first molecular phylogeny using Maximum likelihood yielded Actinopus as monophyletic, A. obrerografico sp. nov. as a distinct clade and A. puelche more related to the remaining Argentinean species despite living in sympatry with A. obrerografico sp. nov.

放线虫包括98种新向性地区特有的活板门蜘蛛。在阿根廷布宜诺斯艾利斯西南部，记录到4种：木麻黄放线菌Ríos-Tamayo and Goloboff， 2018， A. laventana Miglio, psamrez - miles &；Bonaldo, 2020；巴塔哥尼亚放线虫Ríos-Tamayo和Goloboff, 2018； puelche放线虫Ríos-Tamayo和Goloboff, 2018；A. puelche的雌性未知。通过对布宜诺斯艾利斯省西南部Bahía布兰卡地区放线虫的检查，我们发现了不属于任何已知物种的标本。因此，我们采用了分子和形态学证据相结合的方法来描述、诊断和说明放线虫，并首次描述了A. puelche的雌性。我们还报道了巴塔哥尼亚和普埃尔切的新分布记录。雄斑竹的跗骨和跖骨呈红色，鳞茎龙骨和突突发育良好，下侧龙骨上无齿；雌性，可以通过精子来区分，双裂，外叶发育良好，内部基部突出。雌花可以通过有一个带有轻微裂片的精囊来区分。利用最大似然法进行的第一次分子系统发育研究表明，放线虫是单系的，粗骨棘虫是一个独立的分支，而粗骨棘虫虽然与粗骨棘虫同属，但与剩余的阿根廷种关系更密切。

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引用次数: 0

Integrative taxonomy and geographic variation of Myotis dinellii and M. levis (Chiroptera, Vespertilionidae) Argentinean populations 阿根廷大翅蝗和大翅蝗种群的综合分类及地理变异

IF 1.2 3区生物学 Q2 ZOOLOGY

Zoologischer Anzeiger

Pub Date : 2025-04-16 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcz.2025.04.004

María Antonella Argoitia , Guillermo H. Cassini , Fernando Mapelli , Pablo Teta

Myotis is one of the most diverse genus of bats in the world, with ca. 35 species recognized for the Neotropics. Among these, Myotis dinellii Thomas, 1902 has been alternatively treated as a valid species or as a synonym of Myotis levis (I. Geoffroy, 1824). Previous phylogenetic analysis of DNA sequences suggests that both taxa could constitute a single species. To test this hypothesis, we employed both qualitative and quantitative morphological approach and a re-examination of the available genetic data, in order to integrate multiple lines of evidence. Principal component and discriminat analyses failed to separate morphologically M. dinellii from M. levis. Also, mitochondrial sequences of the cytochrome b gene showed very low divergence, and the taxa did not form reciprocally monophyletic groups. Therefore, morphological and genetic analyzes provides a strong support to the conspecificity between M. dinellii and M. levis. This hypothesis is also supported by our direct examination of some topotypes of M. dinelli and color photograph of the syntype of M. levis. The morphological variation found within the studied samples is more likely explained by geographic variation, involving a west-east gradient in overall size. Based on these findings, we propose that M. dinellii is a junior synonym of M. levis.

蝙蝠属（Myotis）是世界上最多样化的蝙蝠属之一，在新热带地区约有 35 个物种。其中，Myotis dinellii Thomas, 1902 一直被当作一个有效种或 Myotis levis (I. Geoffroy, 1824) 的异名。之前的 DNA 序列系统发育分析表明，这两个类群可能是一个物种。为了验证这一假设，我们采用了定性和定量的形态学方法，并重新审查了现有的遗传学数据，以整合多种证据。主成分分析和判别分析未能从形态学上将 M. dinellii 与 M. levis 区分开来。此外，细胞色素 b 基因的线粒体序列也显示出极低的差异，这两个类群没有形成互为单系的类群。因此，形态学和遗传学分析为 M. dinellii 和 M. levis 之间的同种性提供了强有力的支持。我们对 M. dinelli 的一些 topotype 和 M. levis 的同种异形的彩色照片进行了直接检验，也支持了这一假设。在所研究的样本中发现的形态变异更有可能是由地理变异造成的，涉及到总体大小的西-东梯度。基于这些发现，我们认为M. dinellii是M. levis的初级异名。

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