Ni Li, Yue Hu, Liang-Fei Yao, Wei-Nan Gao, Xiao-Feng Xue
Eriophyoid mites are among the most species-rich superfamilies (Eriophyoidea) in the Acari, consisting of over 5000 named species. Although they exhibit a geographically uneven worldwide distribution, their regional spatiotemporal evolutionary patterns remain largely unknown. Here, we compiled a data set including 3058 occurrence records assigned into 1203 species in China. We found that eriophyoid mite species richness is higher in the southeast and lower in the northwest of China, coinciding with the 500-mm annual precipitation isoline. Using fragments of two mitochondrial genes (COI, 12S rRNA) and two nuclear genes (18S rRNA, 28S rRNA) of 304 eriophyoid mite species, we constructed a regional dated phylogenetic tree in China. Our spatiotemporal analysis revealed that mountains in eastern and southern China had high eriophyoid mite species richness and phylogenetic clustering, possessing both ancient and young mite lineages. Species distribution modelling (SDM) results showed that the predicted suitable area of eriophyoid mites slightly expanded from the last inter-glacial period to the last glacial maximum period. In comparison with the current SDM, a significantly larger distribution range was observed in future scenarios. These findings suggest that mountains in eastern and southern China acted as not only cradles—recent rapid speciation, but also museums—centre of gradual accumulation and preservation and provide insights into monitoring and conserving eriophyoid mites.
{"title":"Unveiling the spatiotemporal evolutionary patterns of eriophyoid mites in China","authors":"Ni Li, Yue Hu, Liang-Fei Yao, Wei-Nan Gao, Xiao-Feng Xue","doi":"10.1111/zsc.12638","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/zsc.12638","url":null,"abstract":"Eriophyoid mites are among the most species-rich superfamilies (Eriophyoidea) in the Acari, consisting of over 5000 named species. Although they exhibit a geographically uneven worldwide distribution, their regional spatiotemporal evolutionary patterns remain largely unknown. Here, we compiled a data set including 3058 occurrence records assigned into 1203 species in China. We found that eriophyoid mite species richness is higher in the southeast and lower in the northwest of China, coinciding with the 500-mm annual precipitation isoline. Using fragments of two mitochondrial genes (<i>COI</i>, <i>12S</i> rRNA) and two nuclear genes (<i>18S</i> rRNA, <i>28S</i> rRNA) of 304 eriophyoid mite species, we constructed a regional dated phylogenetic tree in China. Our spatiotemporal analysis revealed that mountains in eastern and southern China had high eriophyoid mite species richness and phylogenetic clustering, possessing both ancient and young mite lineages. Species distribution modelling (SDM) results showed that the predicted suitable area of eriophyoid mites slightly expanded from the last inter-glacial period to the last glacial maximum period. In comparison with the current SDM, a significantly larger distribution range was observed in future scenarios. These findings suggest that mountains in eastern and southern China acted as not only cradles—recent rapid speciation, but also museums—centre of gradual accumulation and preservation and provide insights into monitoring and conserving eriophyoid mites.","PeriodicalId":49334,"journal":{"name":"Zoologica Scripta","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2023-11-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138518539","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Juanjuan Chen, Rüdiger M. Schmelz, Junqian Zhang, Zhicai Xie
Abstract The holarctic genus Mesenchytraeus is one of the species‐rich genera in the family Enchytraeidae. Changbai Mountain supports high diversity of Mesenchytraeus species, making it an ideal area to explore species boundaries. We explored species boundaries of Mesenchytraeus using an integrative approach. Morphological taxonomy recognized 10 species in this region, five of them new to science. In contrast, molecular species delimitation analyses showed that there are at least 16 species, 11 of them new to science. Clear genetic gaps were observed among species with high interspecific distances (10%–21.2%) and low intraspecific distances (0.2%–6.7%) based on uncorrected p‐distance of the COI gene. Morphological species complex M. spermatoglomeratus consists of three species, M. spermatoglomeratus Zhang, Lu & Xie, 2018 sensu stricto, M. rijina sp. n., and M. manchu sp. n. The M. duodiverticulus complex consists of M. duodiverticulus sp. n. and M. similiduodiverticulus sp. n. The M. monodiverticulus complex consists of M. monodiverticulus Shen, Chen & Xie, 2012 sensu stricto, M. ngulen sp. n., M. zhenggulen sp. n., and M. fokulen sp. n. Further new species, distinguishable with morphological as well as molecular methods, are M. similigigachaetus sp. n., M. parvidiverticulus sp. n., M. digitalisdiverticulus sp. n., and M. infradiverticulus sp. n. Finally, we inferred the morphogenetic processes of spermathecae and sperm bundles, and filtrated some morphological characters which are useful to identify species. As the first attempt in this genus, our study provides an opportunity to discuss the currently used taxonomic criteria and acquire new ideas for the taxonomy of enchytraeids.
{"title":"Underestimated diversity: Integrative taxonomy of <i>Mesenchytraeus</i> (Enchytraeidae, Clitellata) from Changbai Mountain, China","authors":"Juanjuan Chen, Rüdiger M. Schmelz, Junqian Zhang, Zhicai Xie","doi":"10.1111/zsc.12637","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/zsc.12637","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract The holarctic genus Mesenchytraeus is one of the species‐rich genera in the family Enchytraeidae. Changbai Mountain supports high diversity of Mesenchytraeus species, making it an ideal area to explore species boundaries. We explored species boundaries of Mesenchytraeus using an integrative approach. Morphological taxonomy recognized 10 species in this region, five of them new to science. In contrast, molecular species delimitation analyses showed that there are at least 16 species, 11 of them new to science. Clear genetic gaps were observed among species with high interspecific distances (10%–21.2%) and low intraspecific distances (0.2%–6.7%) based on uncorrected p‐distance of the COI gene. Morphological species complex M. spermatoglomeratus consists of three species, M. spermatoglomeratus Zhang, Lu & Xie, 2018 sensu stricto, M. rijina sp. n., and M. manchu sp. n. The M. duodiverticulus complex consists of M. duodiverticulus sp. n. and M. similiduodiverticulus sp. n. The M. monodiverticulus complex consists of M. monodiverticulus Shen, Chen & Xie, 2012 sensu stricto, M. ngulen sp. n., M. zhenggulen sp. n., and M. fokulen sp. n. Further new species, distinguishable with morphological as well as molecular methods, are M. similigigachaetus sp. n., M. parvidiverticulus sp. n., M. digitalisdiverticulus sp. n., and M. infradiverticulus sp. n. Finally, we inferred the morphogenetic processes of spermathecae and sperm bundles, and filtrated some morphological characters which are useful to identify species. As the first attempt in this genus, our study provides an opportunity to discuss the currently used taxonomic criteria and acquire new ideas for the taxonomy of enchytraeids.","PeriodicalId":49334,"journal":{"name":"Zoologica Scripta","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135869061","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Marcelo Loureiro, Sofía Stareczek, Alejandro D'anatro, Andrew W. Thompson, Guillermo Ortí
Abstract Palaeogeographical and climatic processes are among the main factors affecting biological diversity and distribution patterns. In freshwater systems, major dispersal processes are caused by river drainage rearrangements where the direction of flow of a stream changes, allowing range expansions and connection of previously isolated communities. In the Neotropical region, this process has been known to connect part of the southwestern Amazon basin with La Plata basin during the formation of the Bolivian Orocline, and La Plata basin with Atlantic coastal basins since the split from Africa. Several species of annual fishes of the genus Austrolebias are known to inhabit seasonal ponds both in the Rio Negro basin (southern tip of Brazilian shield, Lower Uruguay ecoregion), and the headwaters of rivers draining into the Merín lagoon (coastal drainages, Laguna dos Patos ecoregion). The aim of this article was to analyse the phylogeographic pattern of Austrolebias arachan in the context of putative river rearrangements. Two hypotheses were tested: (a) the spatial configuration of river basins determines the genetic structure and distribution of this species, and (b) coastal drainages captured sections of upland shield river drainages. We analysed a fragment of the mitochondrial cytochrome b gene and a fragment of a nuclear intron locus. Results support the prediction of the first hypothesis: geographic variation within A. arachan is structured according to geography. The second hypothesis was in part confirmed: the migration analyses showed that Rio Negro basin populations could have acted as a source for Laguna Merin basin. However, migration estimates also support gene flow in the opposite direction. The cytochrome b haplotype network configuration and its phylogenetic pattern suggests at least two independent events of capture, with divergence time estimated at the onset of Pleistocene glacial cycles.
{"title":"River drainage rearrangements and the phylogeographic pattern of the annual fish <i>Austrolebias arachan</i> (Cyprinodontiformes, Rivulidae)","authors":"Marcelo Loureiro, Sofía Stareczek, Alejandro D'anatro, Andrew W. Thompson, Guillermo Ortí","doi":"10.1111/zsc.12636","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/zsc.12636","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Palaeogeographical and climatic processes are among the main factors affecting biological diversity and distribution patterns. In freshwater systems, major dispersal processes are caused by river drainage rearrangements where the direction of flow of a stream changes, allowing range expansions and connection of previously isolated communities. In the Neotropical region, this process has been known to connect part of the southwestern Amazon basin with La Plata basin during the formation of the Bolivian Orocline, and La Plata basin with Atlantic coastal basins since the split from Africa. Several species of annual fishes of the genus Austrolebias are known to inhabit seasonal ponds both in the Rio Negro basin (southern tip of Brazilian shield, Lower Uruguay ecoregion), and the headwaters of rivers draining into the Merín lagoon (coastal drainages, Laguna dos Patos ecoregion). The aim of this article was to analyse the phylogeographic pattern of Austrolebias arachan in the context of putative river rearrangements. Two hypotheses were tested: (a) the spatial configuration of river basins determines the genetic structure and distribution of this species, and (b) coastal drainages captured sections of upland shield river drainages. We analysed a fragment of the mitochondrial cytochrome b gene and a fragment of a nuclear intron locus. Results support the prediction of the first hypothesis: geographic variation within A. arachan is structured according to geography. The second hypothesis was in part confirmed: the migration analyses showed that Rio Negro basin populations could have acted as a source for Laguna Merin basin. However, migration estimates also support gene flow in the opposite direction. The cytochrome b haplotype network configuration and its phylogenetic pattern suggests at least two independent events of capture, with divergence time estimated at the onset of Pleistocene glacial cycles.","PeriodicalId":49334,"journal":{"name":"Zoologica Scripta","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136262320","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Avrajjal Ghosh, Maitreya Sil, Kanishka B. Ukuwela, Aniruddha Datta‐Roy
Abstract The Western Ghats‐Sri Lanka biodiversity hotspot is home to three endemic Lygosomine (Reptilia, Scincidae) skink genera— Kaestlea , Ristella and Lankascincus . Phylogenetic reconstructions in the past have suggested a sister relationship between the Western Ghats endemic Ristella and the Sri Lankan endemic Lankascincus , while the placement of Kaestlea has been uncertain. We reconstruct a global, genus‐level, multi‐locus phylogeny of the sub‐family Lygosominae to ask if these endemic genera share an immediate common ancestor, that is, did they arise from a single dispersal event? Furthermore, to understand the possible centres of origin and dispersal routes of these three genera of Indo‐Sri Lankan skinks, we construct a time‐calibrated phylogeny and perform ancestral range evolution. We find that Kaestlea does not share an immediate ancestor with Ristella + Lankascincus . Therefore, their presence in the Indian subcontinent results from two independent colonization events. Both these dispersal events likely occurred during the late Palaeocene‐early Eocene from the Asian landmass. Our molecular dating and ancestral range evolution analyses add further evidence of probable transoceanic dispersal in skinks and early land connections between the Indian subcontinent and Asia. It also reveals that these skinks were some of the earliest lizards to disperse into the Indian subcontinent.
{"title":"Independent origins or single dispersal? Phylogenetic study supports early Cenozoic origin of three endemic Indo‐Sri Lankan Lygosomine skink genera","authors":"Avrajjal Ghosh, Maitreya Sil, Kanishka B. Ukuwela, Aniruddha Datta‐Roy","doi":"10.1111/zsc.12635","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/zsc.12635","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract The Western Ghats‐Sri Lanka biodiversity hotspot is home to three endemic Lygosomine (Reptilia, Scincidae) skink genera— Kaestlea , Ristella and Lankascincus . Phylogenetic reconstructions in the past have suggested a sister relationship between the Western Ghats endemic Ristella and the Sri Lankan endemic Lankascincus , while the placement of Kaestlea has been uncertain. We reconstruct a global, genus‐level, multi‐locus phylogeny of the sub‐family Lygosominae to ask if these endemic genera share an immediate common ancestor, that is, did they arise from a single dispersal event? Furthermore, to understand the possible centres of origin and dispersal routes of these three genera of Indo‐Sri Lankan skinks, we construct a time‐calibrated phylogeny and perform ancestral range evolution. We find that Kaestlea does not share an immediate ancestor with Ristella + Lankascincus . Therefore, their presence in the Indian subcontinent results from two independent colonization events. Both these dispersal events likely occurred during the late Palaeocene‐early Eocene from the Asian landmass. Our molecular dating and ancestral range evolution analyses add further evidence of probable transoceanic dispersal in skinks and early land connections between the Indian subcontinent and Asia. It also reveals that these skinks were some of the earliest lizards to disperse into the Indian subcontinent.","PeriodicalId":49334,"journal":{"name":"Zoologica Scripta","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136114146","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Abstract The snail Provanna glabra is a dominant species inhabiting both hydrothermal vents and cold seeps of the Northwest Pacific Ocean. The genetic diversity and population structure of the snail from the hydrothermal vents of Okinawa Trough and a methane seep in the South China Sea were investigated using mitochondrial cytochrome c oxidase subunit I (COI) and genome‐wide single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs). A total of 28,805 SNPs were screened based on 2b‐RAD sequencing. Substantial genetic differences between vent and seep populations were identified based on the two datasets with F ST = 0.753 (COI) and F ST = 0.109 (SNPs), respectively. The results of phylogenetic tree, ADMIXTURE and principal component analysis jointly supported the population differentiation. Outlier detection confirmed the local adaptation of P. glabras populations, and the annotation of these outliers revealed that they were closely associated with processes of signal transduction, immunity, DNA repair, transposable elements and biological development. The genetic divergence observed between hydrothermal vent and methane seep P. glabra populations might be induced by the geographic barrier, limited dispersal ability and natural selection imposed by local environmental pressures from different deep‐sea habitats, e.g. chemical composition, temperature and microbes. These results provide a genetic basis for the microevolution of snails inhabiting deep‐sea chemosynthetic ecosystems.
{"title":"Population genetic structure and implication for adaptive differentiation of the snail (Gastropoda, Provannidae) in deep‐sea chemosynthetic ecosystems","authors":"Yu Zhang, Jiao Cheng, Zhongli Sha, Min Hui","doi":"10.1111/zsc.12634","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/zsc.12634","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract The snail Provanna glabra is a dominant species inhabiting both hydrothermal vents and cold seeps of the Northwest Pacific Ocean. The genetic diversity and population structure of the snail from the hydrothermal vents of Okinawa Trough and a methane seep in the South China Sea were investigated using mitochondrial cytochrome c oxidase subunit I (COI) and genome‐wide single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs). A total of 28,805 SNPs were screened based on 2b‐RAD sequencing. Substantial genetic differences between vent and seep populations were identified based on the two datasets with F ST = 0.753 (COI) and F ST = 0.109 (SNPs), respectively. The results of phylogenetic tree, ADMIXTURE and principal component analysis jointly supported the population differentiation. Outlier detection confirmed the local adaptation of P. glabras populations, and the annotation of these outliers revealed that they were closely associated with processes of signal transduction, immunity, DNA repair, transposable elements and biological development. The genetic divergence observed between hydrothermal vent and methane seep P. glabra populations might be induced by the geographic barrier, limited dispersal ability and natural selection imposed by local environmental pressures from different deep‐sea habitats, e.g. chemical composition, temperature and microbes. These results provide a genetic basis for the microevolution of snails inhabiting deep‐sea chemosynthetic ecosystems.","PeriodicalId":49334,"journal":{"name":"Zoologica Scripta","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135547865","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Yusuke Fuke, Prachya Musikasinthorn, Yuichi Kano, Ryoichi Tabata, Shoko Matsui, Sein Tun, L. K. C. Yun, Bunthang Touch, Phanara Thach, Katsutoshi Watanabe
Abstract Inle Lake is an ancient lake in Myanmar, which is an important area with unique and diverse fauna. Its ichthyofauna is believed to have formed non‐radiatively, but the historical processes are poorly understood. To elucidate the mechanisms that shape species diversity in this moderately isolated biogeographical ‘island’, this study focused on a typical endemic fish of Inle Lake, Channa harcourtbutleri (Channidae, Anabantiformes), with its widely distributed sister species, C. limbata , and estimated the historical distribution and diversification processes of the endemic fish based on genome‐wide polymorphism (MIG‐seq) and mitochondrial DNA data. Channa harcourtbutleri contained two genetically and morphologically distinct groups inhabiting Inle Lake and the surrounding rivers respectively. These two groups were genetically the closest to each other; however, the riverine group showed some similarity to the closely related species, C. limbata from Southeast Asia. The mtDNA haplotypes of the endemic species were not monophyletic; most of the riverine group had haplotypes identical or close to those of C. limbata from the upper Irrawaddy and Salween rivers. The time tree suggested that C. harcourtbutleri diverged from C. limbata in the early Pleistocene and then experienced secondary contact with C. limbata in the late Pleistocene. Genetic and morphological differentiation within C. harcourtbutleri suggests that local adaptation to different environments has played an important role for the coexistence of its two forms with some reproductive isolation. Further, the results highlight the importance of multiple colonization and allopatric speciation in shaping biodiversity in the long‐term, moderately isolated environments.
{"title":"Origin of endemic species in a moderately isolated ancient lake: The case of a snakehead in Inle Lake, Myanmar","authors":"Yusuke Fuke, Prachya Musikasinthorn, Yuichi Kano, Ryoichi Tabata, Shoko Matsui, Sein Tun, L. K. C. Yun, Bunthang Touch, Phanara Thach, Katsutoshi Watanabe","doi":"10.1111/zsc.12633","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/zsc.12633","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Inle Lake is an ancient lake in Myanmar, which is an important area with unique and diverse fauna. Its ichthyofauna is believed to have formed non‐radiatively, but the historical processes are poorly understood. To elucidate the mechanisms that shape species diversity in this moderately isolated biogeographical ‘island’, this study focused on a typical endemic fish of Inle Lake, Channa harcourtbutleri (Channidae, Anabantiformes), with its widely distributed sister species, C. limbata , and estimated the historical distribution and diversification processes of the endemic fish based on genome‐wide polymorphism (MIG‐seq) and mitochondrial DNA data. Channa harcourtbutleri contained two genetically and morphologically distinct groups inhabiting Inle Lake and the surrounding rivers respectively. These two groups were genetically the closest to each other; however, the riverine group showed some similarity to the closely related species, C. limbata from Southeast Asia. The mtDNA haplotypes of the endemic species were not monophyletic; most of the riverine group had haplotypes identical or close to those of C. limbata from the upper Irrawaddy and Salween rivers. The time tree suggested that C. harcourtbutleri diverged from C. limbata in the early Pleistocene and then experienced secondary contact with C. limbata in the late Pleistocene. Genetic and morphological differentiation within C. harcourtbutleri suggests that local adaptation to different environments has played an important role for the coexistence of its two forms with some reproductive isolation. Further, the results highlight the importance of multiple colonization and allopatric speciation in shaping biodiversity in the long‐term, moderately isolated environments.","PeriodicalId":49334,"journal":{"name":"Zoologica Scripta","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135926306","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Melissa L. Starkie, Stephen L. Cameron, Matt N. Krosch, Andrew D. Sweet, Anthony R. Clarke
Abstract Fruit flies (Tephritidae: Dacini) are a frugivorous insect group that exhibit high endemic diversity in the rainforests of Australia and the western Pacific. In this region, biogeography has been influenced by tectonic plate movements and cycles of isolation and re‐connection of landmasses and rainforest habitats during glacial periods. However, how such factors have influenced the speciation and historical dispersal of the regional Dacini is largely unknown. To address this, we use a dated phylogeny to reconstruct the biogeographical history of the tribe. We found the Dacini radiated eastward into the Pacific islands largely from sources in New Guinea. We also found evidence for historical dispersal from both Australia and New Guinea into New Caledonia, a pathway unique to this island compared with neighbouring islands. There was also evidence for multiple, bidirectional dispersal events between Papua New Guinea and Australia, likely facilitated by the cyclically exposed Torres Strait land bridge. Cape York in far northern Australia was likely the only entry point for species dispersing into Australia; there was no evidence for entry of flies into Australia directly from West Papua or Wallacea. Several lineages radiated after entering Australia, such as members of the Bactrocera dorsalis species group. Within Australia, speciation was not associated with the biogeographic barriers known to have impacted other rainforest fauna in eastern Australia. Overall, we demonstrate that isolation between islands and large landmasses is important in the evolution of the Australo‐Pacific Dacini, but the reason for their extensive radiation within Australia and Papua New Guinea remains unclear.
{"title":"Biogeographic influences on the evolution and historical dispersal of the Australo‐Pacific Dacini fruit flies (Tephritidae: Dacinae)","authors":"Melissa L. Starkie, Stephen L. Cameron, Matt N. Krosch, Andrew D. Sweet, Anthony R. Clarke","doi":"10.1111/zsc.12631","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/zsc.12631","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Fruit flies (Tephritidae: Dacini) are a frugivorous insect group that exhibit high endemic diversity in the rainforests of Australia and the western Pacific. In this region, biogeography has been influenced by tectonic plate movements and cycles of isolation and re‐connection of landmasses and rainforest habitats during glacial periods. However, how such factors have influenced the speciation and historical dispersal of the regional Dacini is largely unknown. To address this, we use a dated phylogeny to reconstruct the biogeographical history of the tribe. We found the Dacini radiated eastward into the Pacific islands largely from sources in New Guinea. We also found evidence for historical dispersal from both Australia and New Guinea into New Caledonia, a pathway unique to this island compared with neighbouring islands. There was also evidence for multiple, bidirectional dispersal events between Papua New Guinea and Australia, likely facilitated by the cyclically exposed Torres Strait land bridge. Cape York in far northern Australia was likely the only entry point for species dispersing into Australia; there was no evidence for entry of flies into Australia directly from West Papua or Wallacea. Several lineages radiated after entering Australia, such as members of the Bactrocera dorsalis species group. Within Australia, speciation was not associated with the biogeographic barriers known to have impacted other rainforest fauna in eastern Australia. Overall, we demonstrate that isolation between islands and large landmasses is important in the evolution of the Australo‐Pacific Dacini, but the reason for their extensive radiation within Australia and Papua New Guinea remains unclear.","PeriodicalId":49334,"journal":{"name":"Zoologica Scripta","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134911927","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Abstract Torpedo rays (Torpedinidae, Torpediniformes) are small to moderately large batoids that produce an electric discharge. They are distributed worldwide in temperate and tropical seas and are, as a result of their bottom‐dwelling behaviour, susceptible to trawl fishing and often end up as victims of bycatch. The distribution ranges of most recognized species seem to be restricted; however, their species‐level systematics is not adequately resolved. In the genus Torpedo , in which many species require revision, there are possibly several undescribed species, while numerous misidentifications add to the complexity of the issue. In the latest lists of living rays, 13 species are accepted in the genus Torpedo , including three of doubtful validity and several recently discovered undescribed species. Among the valid species is the critically endangered, possibly extinct, Torpedo suessii Steindachner, 1898, the Red Sea torpedo, of which only four specimens have been recorded in the literature until now, three of which still exist in the fish collection of the Natural History Museum of Vienna. Museum collections are the most important archive of biodiversity on Earth, and are increasingly being used for various studies, including phylogenetics, population genomics, and biogeography. Nevertheless, molecular analysis of old museum material remains challenging because the genetic material has degraded, is fragmented, and of low quantity. In molecular taxonomy, the necessity of including type specimens as name‐bearing specimens is increasingly recognized. Here, the extended specimen approach was applied to re‐describe the lectotype of T. suessii . The approach included research of historical information and whole genome sequencing, followed by genome assembly and phylogenetic analysis.
{"title":"From historical expedition diaries to whole genome sequencing: A case study of the likely extinct Red Sea torpedo ray","authors":"Anja Palandačić, Martin Kapun, Carola Greve, Tilman Schell, Sandra Kirchner, Luise Kruckenhauser, Nikolaus Szucsich, Nina Bogutskaya","doi":"10.1111/zsc.12632","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/zsc.12632","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Torpedo rays (Torpedinidae, Torpediniformes) are small to moderately large batoids that produce an electric discharge. They are distributed worldwide in temperate and tropical seas and are, as a result of their bottom‐dwelling behaviour, susceptible to trawl fishing and often end up as victims of bycatch. The distribution ranges of most recognized species seem to be restricted; however, their species‐level systematics is not adequately resolved. In the genus Torpedo , in which many species require revision, there are possibly several undescribed species, while numerous misidentifications add to the complexity of the issue. In the latest lists of living rays, 13 species are accepted in the genus Torpedo , including three of doubtful validity and several recently discovered undescribed species. Among the valid species is the critically endangered, possibly extinct, Torpedo suessii Steindachner, 1898, the Red Sea torpedo, of which only four specimens have been recorded in the literature until now, three of which still exist in the fish collection of the Natural History Museum of Vienna. Museum collections are the most important archive of biodiversity on Earth, and are increasingly being used for various studies, including phylogenetics, population genomics, and biogeography. Nevertheless, molecular analysis of old museum material remains challenging because the genetic material has degraded, is fragmented, and of low quantity. In molecular taxonomy, the necessity of including type specimens as name‐bearing specimens is increasingly recognized. Here, the extended specimen approach was applied to re‐describe the lectotype of T. suessii . The approach included research of historical information and whole genome sequencing, followed by genome assembly and phylogenetic analysis.","PeriodicalId":49334,"journal":{"name":"Zoologica Scripta","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135783775","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Aphids are worldwide distributed pests, which feed on plant sap and cause serious losses to agricultural and forestry industries. Relatively few comprehensive studies have been conducted on aphid diversity in subtropics, although these regions may harbour hidden aphid diversity due to high plant diversity. In this study, we conducted DNA barcoding analysis for aphids in subtropical regions based on a comprehensive DNA barcode reference library including 5821 sequences and related ecological information (e.g. geography, host plant) of 379 morphospecies. In the reference library, 2140 sequences and related data of 151 morphospecies belonging to 77 genera and 11 subfamilies were newly produced by the current study. The average Kimura 2‐parameter distances within species, genera and subfamilies were 0.92%, 3.55% and 8.3%, respectively. The minimum interspecific distances were greater than the maximum intraspecific distances in 79.8% species, suggesting that barcode gaps existed in most aphid species. Automatic barcode gap discovery, Barcode Index Number, Bayesian Poisson tree processes and generalized mixed Yule‐coalescent revealed 419, 401, 462 and 455 single species‐representing clusters, respectively. A total of 32 morphospecies were assigned to more than one subclade respectively, suggesting geography or host plant‐mediated divergences and the existence of cryptic diversity. This study demonstrates that subtropical regions should have a higher species diversity of aphids, and cryptic species in certain morphospecies indicated in this study need to be investigated based on integrative taxonomic practices in the future. The DNA barcode reference library constructed herein provides a robust baseline data set to support future research in taxonomy, phylogenetics, ecology and evolution of aphids.
{"title":"Revealing cryptic diversity and population divergence in subtropical aphids through DNA barcoding","authors":"Qiang Li, Qian-Xia Liu, Yuhua Yu, Xiaolan Lin, Xueyou He, Xiaolei Huang","doi":"10.1111/zsc.12613","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/zsc.12613","url":null,"abstract":"Aphids are worldwide distributed pests, which feed on plant sap and cause serious losses to agricultural and forestry industries. Relatively few comprehensive studies have been conducted on aphid diversity in subtropics, although these regions may harbour hidden aphid diversity due to high plant diversity. In this study, we conducted DNA barcoding analysis for aphids in subtropical regions based on a comprehensive DNA barcode reference library including 5821 sequences and related ecological information (e.g. geography, host plant) of 379 morphospecies. In the reference library, 2140 sequences and related data of 151 morphospecies belonging to 77 genera and 11 subfamilies were newly produced by the current study. The average Kimura 2‐parameter distances within species, genera and subfamilies were 0.92%, 3.55% and 8.3%, respectively. The minimum interspecific distances were greater than the maximum intraspecific distances in 79.8% species, suggesting that barcode gaps existed in most aphid species. Automatic barcode gap discovery, Barcode Index Number, Bayesian Poisson tree processes and generalized mixed Yule‐coalescent revealed 419, 401, 462 and 455 single species‐representing clusters, respectively. A total of 32 morphospecies were assigned to more than one subclade respectively, suggesting geography or host plant‐mediated divergences and the existence of cryptic diversity. This study demonstrates that subtropical regions should have a higher species diversity of aphids, and cryptic species in certain morphospecies indicated in this study need to be investigated based on integrative taxonomic practices in the future. The DNA barcode reference library constructed herein provides a robust baseline data set to support future research in taxonomy, phylogenetics, ecology and evolution of aphids.","PeriodicalId":49334,"journal":{"name":"Zoologica Scripta","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2023-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45945180","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Paul Doniol‐Valcroze, Loïs Rancilhac, J. Brito, Aurélien Miralles, P. Geniez, L. Benoit, A. Loiseau, R. Leblois, C. Dufresnes, P. Crochet
Uncertainties on species taxonomy and distribution are major factors hampering efficient conservation planning in the current context of biodiversity erosion, even concerning widespread and abundant species in relatively well‐studied regions. Species delimitation have long been based on phylogenetic analyses of a small number of standard markers, but accurate lineage identification through this approach can be hampered by incomplete lineage sorting, introgression or isolation by distance. In that context, analyses of introgression patterns at secondary contact zones offer an interesting alternative by allowing a direct estimation of reproductive isolation, especially when using genome‐wide markers. Here, we investigated a contact zone between two genetic groups of the Spiny‐footed Lizard Acanthodactylus erythrurus (Schinz, 1833) in Morocco, whose status as separate lineages remained disputed in previous multilocus studies. Based on thousands of genome‐wide markers obtained through a RADseq approach, we confirmed that they represent distinct evolutionary lineages. Furthermore, the transition at their contact zone was very steep, with spatially restricted gene flow, highlighting levels of reproductive isolation consistent with species‐level lineages. Our study further illustrates the power of RADseq‐based studies of contact zones to understand cryptic diversity in non‐model organisms.
{"title":"Combining RADseq and contact zone analysis to decipher cryptic diversification in reptiles: Insights from the Spiny‐footed Lizard (Reptilia, Lacertidae)","authors":"Paul Doniol‐Valcroze, Loïs Rancilhac, J. Brito, Aurélien Miralles, P. Geniez, L. Benoit, A. Loiseau, R. Leblois, C. Dufresnes, P. Crochet","doi":"10.1111/zsc.12628","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/zsc.12628","url":null,"abstract":"Uncertainties on species taxonomy and distribution are major factors hampering efficient conservation planning in the current context of biodiversity erosion, even concerning widespread and abundant species in relatively well‐studied regions. Species delimitation have long been based on phylogenetic analyses of a small number of standard markers, but accurate lineage identification through this approach can be hampered by incomplete lineage sorting, introgression or isolation by distance. In that context, analyses of introgression patterns at secondary contact zones offer an interesting alternative by allowing a direct estimation of reproductive isolation, especially when using genome‐wide markers. Here, we investigated a contact zone between two genetic groups of the Spiny‐footed Lizard Acanthodactylus erythrurus (Schinz, 1833) in Morocco, whose status as separate lineages remained disputed in previous multilocus studies. Based on thousands of genome‐wide markers obtained through a RADseq approach, we confirmed that they represent distinct evolutionary lineages. Furthermore, the transition at their contact zone was very steep, with spatially restricted gene flow, highlighting levels of reproductive isolation consistent with species‐level lineages. Our study further illustrates the power of RADseq‐based studies of contact zones to understand cryptic diversity in non‐model organisms.","PeriodicalId":49334,"journal":{"name":"Zoologica Scripta","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2023-08-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47986959","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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