Luka Pušnik, Matej Serdinšek, T. Pintaric, N. Umek
The new risks faced by healthcare workers in the COVID-19 pandemic have inspired the development of new forms of personal protective equipment (PPE). Such a novel PPE is an aerosol box modified and adapted to facilitate safer intubation of patients infected with SARS-CoV2. Hitherto, the idea of a protective aerosol box has found clinical application in anaesthesiology and many other fields of medicine and dentistry. However, numerous criticisms of the original design have led to the evolution of new forms that gradually improved the original shortcomings. The present modified design improves the safety and simplicity of use while reducing the operator's hindrance during interventions. Operator training is also extremely important for the correct and safe use of the aerosol box in clinical practice. Aerosol box does significantly affect the speed of intubation therefore it is not recommended in urgent cases. Many authors have been able to prove that the use of the original box, as well as its later modifications, adequately protects healthcare workers from large and small water droplets. However, the use of the original form increases the risk of infection with aerosol particles.
{"title":"The efficacy of an aerosol box to prevent infections during aerosol-generating procedures","authors":"Luka Pušnik, Matej Serdinšek, T. Pintaric, N. Umek","doi":"10.6016/ZdravVestn.3187","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.6016/ZdravVestn.3187","url":null,"abstract":"The new risks faced by healthcare workers in the COVID-19 pandemic have inspired the development of new forms of personal protective equipment (PPE). Such a novel PPE is an aerosol box modified and adapted to facilitate safer intubation of patients infected with SARS-CoV2. Hitherto, the idea of a protective aerosol box has found clinical application in anaesthesiology and many other fields of medicine and dentistry. However, numerous criticisms of the original design have led to the evolution of new forms that gradually improved the original shortcomings. The present modified design improves the safety and simplicity of use while reducing the operator's hindrance during interventions. Operator training is also extremely important for the correct and safe use of the aerosol box in clinical practice. Aerosol box does significantly affect the speed of intubation therefore it is not recommended in urgent cases. Many authors have been able to prove that the use of the original box, as well as its later modifications, adequately protects healthcare workers from large and small water droplets. However, the use of the original form increases the risk of infection with aerosol particles.","PeriodicalId":49350,"journal":{"name":"Zdravniski Vestnik-Slovenian Medical Journal","volume":"177 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"78201367","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The sialendoscopic techniques represent a new paradigm that has essentially changed the management of the obstructive salivary gland disease. The COVID-19 epidemic represents a new challenge for the health system of each particular country and puts numerous particularly elective surgical procedures to the test. The surgical procedures of head and neck, especial - ly the ones of oral cavity, present a high risk for the transmission of COVID-19. During sialendoscopy and sialendoscopically assisted surgery, the surgical and anaesthesiological teams are exposed to the saliva and the products of reflexes of the sen - sitive anatomical regions of the oral cavity and the rest of the upper aerodigestive tract. The level of risk of the surgical pro - cedure according to the phase of surgery, type of anaesthesia, personal protective equipment and current epidemiological situation of COVID-19 remains unknown. At first, the emergent and later also elective sialendoscopic and sialendoscopically assisted procedures were performed during the COVID-19 epidemic in the University Department of Otorhinolaryngology and Cervicofacial Surgery Ljubljana. We believe that in the period of containable COVID-19 epidemiological situation, taking into account indications and protective measures, the sialendoscopic surgery is safe for the patient and the practitioner.
{"title":"Sialendoscopy before, during and after the COVID-19 pandemic","authors":"A. Aničin, Robert Šifrer, J. Urbančič","doi":"10.6016/ZdravVestn.3182","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.6016/ZdravVestn.3182","url":null,"abstract":"The sialendoscopic techniques represent a new paradigm that has essentially changed the management of the obstructive salivary gland disease. The COVID-19 epidemic represents a new challenge for the health system of each particular country and puts numerous particularly elective surgical procedures to the test. The surgical procedures of head and neck, especial - ly the ones of oral cavity, present a high risk for the transmission of COVID-19. During sialendoscopy and sialendoscopically assisted surgery, the surgical and anaesthesiological teams are exposed to the saliva and the products of reflexes of the sen - sitive anatomical regions of the oral cavity and the rest of the upper aerodigestive tract. The level of risk of the surgical pro - cedure according to the phase of surgery, type of anaesthesia, personal protective equipment and current epidemiological situation of COVID-19 remains unknown. At first, the emergent and later also elective sialendoscopic and sialendoscopically assisted procedures were performed during the COVID-19 epidemic in the University Department of Otorhinolaryngology and Cervicofacial Surgery Ljubljana. We believe that in the period of containable COVID-19 epidemiological situation, taking into account indications and protective measures, the sialendoscopic surgery is safe for the patient and the practitioner.","PeriodicalId":49350,"journal":{"name":"Zdravniski Vestnik-Slovenian Medical Journal","volume":"66 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"78949667","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"THE EFFECT OF SARTANS ON THE PREGNANCY","authors":"M. Cvijić, M. Horvat, Petra Jernejčič, K. Geršak","doi":"10.6016/ZDRAVVESTN.2783","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.6016/ZDRAVVESTN.2783","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":49350,"journal":{"name":"Zdravniski Vestnik-Slovenian Medical Journal","volume":"38 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"81964580","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"PARAVAGINAL AND RETROPERITONEAL HAEMATOMA POST PARTUM","authors":"B. Lovšin, Z. Guzej, Dušan Deisinger","doi":"10.6016/ZdravVestn.2791","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.6016/ZdravVestn.2791","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":49350,"journal":{"name":"Zdravniski Vestnik-Slovenian Medical Journal","volume":"8 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83067904","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2017-11-01DOI: 10.6016/SLOVMEDJOUR.V86I9-10.2216
Kristina Praper, Uršula Tišler, M. Jereb
We present a case of a 28-year-old patient who underwent spinal anaesthesia for caesarean section, and developed meningitis, Streptococcus salivarius was isolated in the cerebrospinal fluid. The Viridans streptococci are a part of a normal human mouth flora, therefore the patient most likely developed iatrogenic meningitis due to droplet transmission of bacteria intrathecally. We discuss etiology, pathogenesis, clinical presentation, diagnostic tools, treatment and prognosis of meningitis after intrathecal procedures and we emphasize the importance of strict aseptic technique while performing neuraxial procedures. Iatrogenic meningitis should be considered as a possible differential diagnosis in patients who present with symptoms and signs of meningitis after neuraxial blockade.
{"title":"Iatrogenic streptococcus salivarius meningitis: a case report","authors":"Kristina Praper, Uršula Tišler, M. Jereb","doi":"10.6016/SLOVMEDJOUR.V86I9-10.2216","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.6016/SLOVMEDJOUR.V86I9-10.2216","url":null,"abstract":"We present a case of a 28-year-old patient who underwent spinal anaesthesia for caesarean section, and developed meningitis, Streptococcus salivarius was isolated in the cerebrospinal fluid. The Viridans streptococci are a part of a normal human mouth flora, therefore the patient most likely developed iatrogenic meningitis due to droplet transmission of bacteria intrathecally. We discuss etiology, pathogenesis, clinical presentation, diagnostic tools, treatment and prognosis of meningitis after intrathecal procedures and we emphasize the importance of strict aseptic technique while performing neuraxial procedures. Iatrogenic meningitis should be considered as a possible differential diagnosis in patients who present with symptoms and signs of meningitis after neuraxial blockade.","PeriodicalId":49350,"journal":{"name":"Zdravniski Vestnik-Slovenian Medical Journal","volume":"13 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85180320","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2017-09-01DOI: 10.6016/slovmedjour.v86i7-8.2631
Nada Kecelj Leskovec, M. Kozak, Anka Slana, K. Berger, A. Šikovec, Matej Makovec, A. Blinc, I. Žuran, T. Ručigaj
Clinical manifestations of chronic superficial venous insufficiency are described, followed by recommendations for diagnostic evaluation and various treatment possibilities.
慢性浅静脉功能不全的临床表现描述，随后建议诊断评估和各种治疗的可能性。
{"title":"Recommendations for the diagnosis and treatment of chronic venous disease","authors":"Nada Kecelj Leskovec, M. Kozak, Anka Slana, K. Berger, A. Šikovec, Matej Makovec, A. Blinc, I. Žuran, T. Ručigaj","doi":"10.6016/slovmedjour.v86i7-8.2631","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.6016/slovmedjour.v86i7-8.2631","url":null,"abstract":"Clinical manifestations of chronic superficial venous insufficiency are described, followed by recommendations for diagnostic evaluation and various treatment possibilities.","PeriodicalId":49350,"journal":{"name":"Zdravniski Vestnik-Slovenian Medical Journal","volume":"145 1","pages":"345-361"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86214401","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2016-10-13DOI: 10.6016/SLOVMEDJOUR.V85I9.1474
V. Košir, Peter Janjusevic
Encopresis is defined as a voluntary or involuntary passage of stool in inappropriate places, causing soiling of clothes by a child aged four years or above whenbowelcontrolcannormally be expected. It affects 1 to 3% of paediatric population. This article focuses on retentive encopresis that is related to chronic constipation and overflow incontinence. Absence of bowel control has an important impact on physical health, psychosocial functioning and family life. Personal and contextual predisposing, precipitating, maintaining and protective factors for encopresis in a context of etiological hypotheses are discussed.Most children with encopresis have no physical problems to explain the disorder. Text is focusingon chronic constipation, chaotic family environment, parent-child interaction, developmental delay, and avoidance of defecation, the role of family, stressors and anxiety over toileting. Common causes of encopresis include a low fibre diet, lack of hydration, little or no exercise and premature toilet training.There is comorbidity with cognitive delays, learning disabilities, attention deficit disorder, conduct or oppositional disorders. In treatment the most effective outcome is shown cases where medical and psychological treatment programmes are used in conjoint manner. The main components are psychoeducation, clearing the faecal mass with laxative use and bowel retraining with toileting, accident management, diet and exercise. In cases, where children don't recognise when they are about to defecate, biofeedback may be a useful adjunct. With effective strategies encopresis can be eliminated, but relapses may occur.
{"title":"PSYCHOLOGICAL ASPECTS OF ENCOPRESIS WITHOUT ORGANIC ETHIOLOGY","authors":"V. Košir, Peter Janjusevic","doi":"10.6016/SLOVMEDJOUR.V85I9.1474","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.6016/SLOVMEDJOUR.V85I9.1474","url":null,"abstract":"Encopresis is defined as a voluntary or involuntary passage of stool in inappropriate places, causing soiling of clothes by a child aged four years or above whenbowelcontrolcannormally be expected. It affects 1 to 3% of paediatric population. This article focuses on retentive encopresis that is related to chronic constipation and overflow incontinence. Absence of bowel control has an important impact on physical health, psychosocial functioning and family life. Personal and contextual predisposing, precipitating, maintaining and protective factors for encopresis in a context of etiological hypotheses are discussed.Most children with encopresis have no physical problems to explain the disorder. Text is focusingon chronic constipation, chaotic family environment, parent-child interaction, developmental delay, and avoidance of defecation, the role of family, stressors and anxiety over toileting. Common causes of encopresis include a low fibre diet, lack of hydration, little or no exercise and premature toilet training.There is comorbidity with cognitive delays, learning disabilities, attention deficit disorder, conduct or oppositional disorders. In treatment the most effective outcome is shown cases where medical and psychological treatment programmes are used in conjoint manner. The main components are psychoeducation, clearing the faecal mass with laxative use and bowel retraining with toileting, accident management, diet and exercise. In cases, where children don't recognise when they are about to defecate, biofeedback may be a useful adjunct. With effective strategies encopresis can be eliminated, but relapses may occur.","PeriodicalId":49350,"journal":{"name":"Zdravniski Vestnik-Slovenian Medical Journal","volume":"44 1","pages":"505-513"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-10-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"76234916","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Dušan Flisar, Nina Zupančič Križnar, Maja Trošt, Zvezdan Pirtošek
Advanced stage of Parkinson's disease is associated with motor complications: motor fluctuations and dyskinesias. The disease can no longer be satisfactorily treated with oral therapy that is based on treatment with levodopa. Dying of dopamine neurons, a short half-life of levodopa and pulsatile stimulation of dopamine receptors are the main reasons for these complications. Currently, there are three options available to treat the advanced stage of Parkinson's disease: subcutaneous infusion of apomorphine, intrajejunal infusion of levodopa and deep brain stimulation. It is necessary to choose the optimal method of treatment that is most suitable for the individual patient.
{"title":"Možnosti zdravljenja napredovale Parkinsonove bolezni","authors":"Dušan Flisar, Nina Zupančič Križnar, Maja Trošt, Zvezdan Pirtošek","doi":"10.6016/ZdravVestn.1402","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.6016/ZdravVestn.1402","url":null,"abstract":"Advanced stage of Parkinson's disease is associated with motor complications: motor fluctuations and dyskinesias. The disease can no longer be satisfactorily treated with oral therapy that is based on treatment with levodopa. Dying of dopamine neurons, a short half-life of levodopa and pulsatile stimulation of dopamine receptors are the main reasons for these complications. Currently, there are three options available to treat the advanced stage of Parkinson's disease: subcutaneous infusion of apomorphine, intrajejunal infusion of levodopa and deep brain stimulation. It is necessary to choose the optimal method of treatment that is most suitable for the individual patient.","PeriodicalId":49350,"journal":{"name":"Zdravniski Vestnik-Slovenian Medical Journal","volume":"9 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-08-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86700968","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Background : Home birth is as old as humanity, but still most middle- and high-income countries consider hospitals as the safest birth settings, as complications regarding birth are highly unpredictable. Despite this there are a few countries in which home birth in integrated into official healthcare system (the Netherlands, United Kingdom, Canada etc.). Home births can be divided into unplanned and planned, and the latter can be further categorized by the presence of the birth attendants. This review focuses on planned home births, which are differently represented throughout the world. In the United States 0.6-1.0% of all children are born at home, in the United Kingdom 2-3%, in Canada 1.6% and in the Netherlands 20-30%. For Slovenia, the number of planned home births is unknown; however, in 2010 0.1% of children were born outside medical facilities. Conclusions: The safety of home birth in still under the debate. While research confirms smaller number of obstetric interventions and some complications in mothers who give birth at home, the data regarding the neonatal and perinatal mortality and morbidity is still conflicting. This confirms the need for large multicentric trials in this field. Current home birth guidelines emphasize that women should be well informed regarding the possible advantages and disadvantages of home births. In addition, the emphasis is on definition of selection criteria for home birth, indications for intrapartal transfer to the hospital and appropriate education of birth attendants.
{"title":"PLANNED HOME BIRTH: A REVIEW","authors":"T. Serdinšek, I. Takač","doi":"10.6016/ZDRAVVESTN.1458","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.6016/ZDRAVVESTN.1458","url":null,"abstract":"Background : Home birth is as old as humanity, but still most middle- and high-income countries consider hospitals as the safest birth settings, as complications regarding birth are highly unpredictable. Despite this there are a few countries in which home birth in integrated into official healthcare system (the Netherlands, United Kingdom, Canada etc.). Home births can be divided into unplanned and planned, and the latter can be further categorized by the presence of the birth attendants. This review focuses on planned home births, which are differently represented throughout the world. In the United States 0.6-1.0% of all children are born at home, in the United Kingdom 2-3%, in Canada 1.6% and in the Netherlands 20-30%. For Slovenia, the number of planned home births is unknown; however, in 2010 0.1% of children were born outside medical facilities. Conclusions: The safety of home birth in still under the debate. While research confirms smaller number of obstetric interventions and some complications in mothers who give birth at home, the data regarding the neonatal and perinatal mortality and morbidity is still conflicting. This confirms the need for large multicentric trials in this field. Current home birth guidelines emphasize that women should be well informed regarding the possible advantages and disadvantages of home births. In addition, the emphasis is on definition of selection criteria for home birth, indications for intrapartal transfer to the hospital and appropriate education of birth attendants.","PeriodicalId":49350,"journal":{"name":"Zdravniski Vestnik-Slovenian Medical Journal","volume":"140 1","pages":"213-222"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-05-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"76459040","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2016-03-23DOI: 10.6016/SLOVMEDJOUR.V85I2.1316
Martina Gajšek Grbec, M. Pfeifer, P. Rožman
AB0 blood groups are inherited markers on blood cells. Since their discovery, there were numerous attempts to be attributed a wide variety of biological functions they don’t possess. The purpose of this article is primarily to inform the professional, as well as lay public that the theory of healthy nutrition based on AB0 blood groups represents nothing more than a pseudoscience used for mass exploitation and commercial purposes. ABO blood groups were attributed such characteristics by naturopathic doctor Peter D'Adamo, who on the basis of false methods and erroneous assumptions wrote a bestseller "Eat Right For Your Type". It claims that the blood groupsAB0 represent a "key to the functioning of our immune system" and that the blood group based diet represents a “key to the health of every man”. As in the case of nutrition based on the ABO blood groups, the scientific knowledge in the field of immunohematology is misused to mislead the lay public, we are obliged to explain the real meaning and the role of blood groups in health and disease, the misuse of blood groups in relation to healthy nutrition.
{"title":"Blood group astrology - why the AB0 blood groups do not determine the human character nor the appropriate nutrition","authors":"Martina Gajšek Grbec, M. Pfeifer, P. Rožman","doi":"10.6016/SLOVMEDJOUR.V85I2.1316","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.6016/SLOVMEDJOUR.V85I2.1316","url":null,"abstract":"AB0 blood groups are inherited markers on blood cells. Since their discovery, there were numerous attempts to be attributed a wide variety of biological functions they don’t possess. The purpose of this article is primarily to inform the professional, as well as lay public that the theory of healthy nutrition based on AB0 blood groups represents nothing more than a pseudoscience used for mass exploitation and commercial purposes. ABO blood groups were attributed such characteristics by naturopathic doctor Peter D'Adamo, who on the basis of false methods and erroneous assumptions wrote a bestseller \"Eat Right For Your Type\". It claims that the blood groupsAB0 represent a \"key to the functioning of our immune system\" and that the blood group based diet represents a “key to the health of every man”. As in the case of nutrition based on the ABO blood groups, the scientific knowledge in the field of immunohematology is misused to mislead the lay public, we are obliged to explain the real meaning and the role of blood groups in health and disease, the misuse of blood groups in relation to healthy nutrition.","PeriodicalId":49350,"journal":{"name":"Zdravniski Vestnik-Slovenian Medical Journal","volume":"9 1","pages":"119-129"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-03-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90723013","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
京公网安备 11010802042870号
京ICP备2023020795号-1
扫码关注我们
求助内容：
应助结果提醒方式：