Suyeno Suyeno, S. Sumartono, B. Haryono, Fadillah Amin
Sustainable water governance is crucial for addressing the global water crisis and ensuring access to clean water resources. In the Indonesian context, Riau Province faces significant challenges in providing sufficient clean water to its population. Collaborative approaches involving diverse actors have emerged as a potential solution to complex water governance problems. However, limited empirical evidence exists regarding the engagement and interactions of these actors in decision-making processes. This study focuses on Bengkalis Regency, Dumai City, and Rokan Hilir Regency, in Riau Province, using Textual Network Analysis (TNA) to identify key actors in local water governance. The findings of this study highlight the following: (1) The influential actors (nodes) identified by TNA consist of drinking water systems, financial arrangements, oversight mechanisms, environmental concerns, water accessibility, and eco-friendly water governance. These actors nuance the formation of local policies related to Durolis water governance. (2) The Riau provincial government is empowered to fund pipanization projects from the river to the cities. Meanwhile, local governments are given financial responsibility for pipanization in their respective regions. (3) Durolis water governance follows a centralized approach, with the provincial government acting as a facilitator when problems arise, where problem-solving is based on consensus between the regions as a decision-making tool.
{"title":"Water governance puzzle in Riau Province: uncovering key actors and interactions","authors":"Suyeno Suyeno, S. Sumartono, B. Haryono, Fadillah Amin","doi":"10.2166/wp.2024.137","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2166/wp.2024.137","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 \u0000 Sustainable water governance is crucial for addressing the global water crisis and ensuring access to clean water resources. In the Indonesian context, Riau Province faces significant challenges in providing sufficient clean water to its population. Collaborative approaches involving diverse actors have emerged as a potential solution to complex water governance problems. However, limited empirical evidence exists regarding the engagement and interactions of these actors in decision-making processes. This study focuses on Bengkalis Regency, Dumai City, and Rokan Hilir Regency, in Riau Province, using Textual Network Analysis (TNA) to identify key actors in local water governance. The findings of this study highlight the following: (1) The influential actors (nodes) identified by TNA consist of drinking water systems, financial arrangements, oversight mechanisms, environmental concerns, water accessibility, and eco-friendly water governance. These actors nuance the formation of local policies related to Durolis water governance. (2) The Riau provincial government is empowered to fund pipanization projects from the river to the cities. Meanwhile, local governments are given financial responsibility for pipanization in their respective regions. (3) Durolis water governance follows a centralized approach, with the provincial government acting as a facilitator when problems arise, where problem-solving is based on consensus between the regions as a decision-making tool.","PeriodicalId":49370,"journal":{"name":"Water Policy","volume":"21 15","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2024-01-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139389807","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Karla Isabel Rivera Ramírez, Angela Caro Borrero, Javier Carmona Jiménez
Protected areas (PA) are the main conservation instrument in Latin America, but rural communities are rarely integrated into decision-making. In Mexico, many conflicts fall on guaranteeing equitable access to resources for locals against private economic interests. The aim of this manuscript was to present a strategy to evaluate the functioning of the PA at the socio-ecological perspective, including three phases: diagnosis, evaluation of the conservation instrument, and intervention proposal. The results show that the PA was recategorized without adequate characterization of the problem to achieve conservation; therefore, its impact has been biased and the development of large-scale activities has been favored and locals have been excluded. This scenario left the migration of men to cities in search of work and women and children facing unequal management of natural resources. In terms of aquatic ecological quality, indicators show signs of degradation that have not been able to be improved through the management plan. The activities proposed in the annual operational plans are unrealistic since there is no support and training for the communities. We propose participatory monitoring as a strategy for the empowerment of communities in the use of water resources and as a cohesive element between government policies and local needs.
{"title":"A socio-ecological evaluation of the conservation efforts in the Nevado de Toluca protected area, Mexico: Governmental performance and local community perception from a rural context","authors":"Karla Isabel Rivera Ramírez, Angela Caro Borrero, Javier Carmona Jiménez","doi":"10.2166/wp.2023.105","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2166/wp.2023.105","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 \u0000 Protected areas (PA) are the main conservation instrument in Latin America, but rural communities are rarely integrated into decision-making. In Mexico, many conflicts fall on guaranteeing equitable access to resources for locals against private economic interests. The aim of this manuscript was to present a strategy to evaluate the functioning of the PA at the socio-ecological perspective, including three phases: diagnosis, evaluation of the conservation instrument, and intervention proposal. The results show that the PA was recategorized without adequate characterization of the problem to achieve conservation; therefore, its impact has been biased and the development of large-scale activities has been favored and locals have been excluded. This scenario left the migration of men to cities in search of work and women and children facing unequal management of natural resources. In terms of aquatic ecological quality, indicators show signs of degradation that have not been able to be improved through the management plan. The activities proposed in the annual operational plans are unrealistic since there is no support and training for the communities. We propose participatory monitoring as a strategy for the empowerment of communities in the use of water resources and as a cohesive element between government policies and local needs.","PeriodicalId":49370,"journal":{"name":"Water Policy","volume":"29 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2023-12-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138951755","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Martin Kofi Kanyagui, Jyoti Sharma, Nandita Mishra, P. K. Viswanathan
Many nations have implemented policies to improve drinking water quality, but challenges arise from overexploited or contaminated groundwater-based sources. This paper aims at examining the aspects of water scarcity, security, and sustainability within an Indian village context. We attempt to compare two rural water supply sources in Nagla Chandi village in Uttar Pradesh, India: (a) untreated groundwater sourced from bore wells and (b) treated water from a reverse osmosis (RO) plant. We observed that subterranean minerals are the primary pollutants of unprocessed water drawn from borewells, which form the main source of drinking water. Even though water from the RO plant meets all the quality parameters of potability, frequent breakdowns of the plant due to improper management force the villagers to drink untreated water from the dug wells fitted with hand pumps, affecting their health. We also found a high incidence of water-borne diseases. The case analysis suggests enhancing village water treatment projects by training local artisans for system repair and increasing Panchayat staff to include trained engineers for technical advice and maintenance. The paper proposes reducing the cost of water testing in rural areas to make it possible for local organizations to regularly assess water quality and implement corrective actions.
{"title":"Assessment of health impacts of quality water provisioning from groundwater sources: a micro-level study in India","authors":"Martin Kofi Kanyagui, Jyoti Sharma, Nandita Mishra, P. K. Viswanathan","doi":"10.2166/wp.2023.206","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2166/wp.2023.206","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 \u0000 Many nations have implemented policies to improve drinking water quality, but challenges arise from overexploited or contaminated groundwater-based sources. This paper aims at examining the aspects of water scarcity, security, and sustainability within an Indian village context. We attempt to compare two rural water supply sources in Nagla Chandi village in Uttar Pradesh, India: (a) untreated groundwater sourced from bore wells and (b) treated water from a reverse osmosis (RO) plant. We observed that subterranean minerals are the primary pollutants of unprocessed water drawn from borewells, which form the main source of drinking water. Even though water from the RO plant meets all the quality parameters of potability, frequent breakdowns of the plant due to improper management force the villagers to drink untreated water from the dug wells fitted with hand pumps, affecting their health. We also found a high incidence of water-borne diseases. The case analysis suggests enhancing village water treatment projects by training local artisans for system repair and increasing Panchayat staff to include trained engineers for technical advice and maintenance. The paper proposes reducing the cost of water testing in rural areas to make it possible for local organizations to regularly assess water quality and implement corrective actions.","PeriodicalId":49370,"journal":{"name":"Water Policy","volume":"68 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2023-12-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138957123","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Raja Noriza Raja Ariffin, Sanisah Sawon, Nur Hairani Abd Rahman, H. Hanafi, R. Zahari
Reliable water governance will ensure the strength and sustainability of an institution. The rising needs for water warrant a thorough study of critical variables of water governance. These variables are crucial for the development of a sound institutional framework. However, there were still insufficient studies that systematically review the existing literature in this field. Hence, the current study aims to examine the key components of the institutional framework for water governance. This study was guided by PRISMA 2020 in its systematic searching strategy on three databases, namely Web of Science, Scopus, and ScienceDirect. Articles for the period of 2018–2022 were screened. The process resulted in the selection of 20 related studies which were then assessed using the Mixed-Method Appraisal Tool (MMAT). Thematic analysis was employed and three themes were identified, namely stakeholders engagement, policy and practices, and water resource management. Based on the pattern of previous studies, the study offered significant contributions to practical purposes and the body of knowledge.
可靠的水治理将确保一个机构的实力和可持续性。由于对水的需求不断增加，有必要对水治理的关键变量进行深入研究。这些变量对于建立健全的制度框架至关重要。然而，系统回顾该领域现有文献的研究仍然不足。因此，本研究旨在探讨水治理制度框架的关键组成部分。本研究以 PRISMA 2020 为指导，在三个数据库（即 Web of Science、Scopus 和 ScienceDirect）中采用了系统检索策略。对 2018-2022 年期间的文章进行了筛选。在此过程中，筛选出 20 项相关研究，然后使用混合方法评估工具（MMAT）对其进行评估。采用了主题分析法，确定了三个主题，即利益相关者参与、政策与实践以及水资源管理。根据以往研究的模式，本研究对实用目的和知识体系做出了重大贡献。
{"title":"Contextualizing institutional capacity in water governance framework: a literature review","authors":"Raja Noriza Raja Ariffin, Sanisah Sawon, Nur Hairani Abd Rahman, H. Hanafi, R. Zahari","doi":"10.2166/wp.2023.074","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2166/wp.2023.074","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 \u0000 Reliable water governance will ensure the strength and sustainability of an institution. The rising needs for water warrant a thorough study of critical variables of water governance. These variables are crucial for the development of a sound institutional framework. However, there were still insufficient studies that systematically review the existing literature in this field. Hence, the current study aims to examine the key components of the institutional framework for water governance. This study was guided by PRISMA 2020 in its systematic searching strategy on three databases, namely Web of Science, Scopus, and ScienceDirect. Articles for the period of 2018–2022 were screened. The process resulted in the selection of 20 related studies which were then assessed using the Mixed-Method Appraisal Tool (MMAT). Thematic analysis was employed and three themes were identified, namely stakeholders engagement, policy and practices, and water resource management. Based on the pattern of previous studies, the study offered significant contributions to practical purposes and the body of knowledge.","PeriodicalId":49370,"journal":{"name":"Water Policy","volume":"73 6","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2023-12-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138967525","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Sandipamu Raahalya, P. Balasubramaniam, M. N. Devi, N. Maragatham, R. Selvi
In the present paper farmers' resilience index (FRI) was constructed considering the natural disaster using five dimensions including physical, social, economic, human and natural. the scale is administered to the 240 paddy farmers in two coastal districts of Andhra Pradesh. Principal component analysis was performed in order to fix the weightage for each variable. About (39.58%) of farmers are resilient to natural disasters with the highest resilience score for financial capital (0.641) and natural capital with less resilience score (0.401). Confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) to determine how well the generated model of the scale fits the data. The structural equation modelling (SEM) path diagram was developed based on the conceptual model, which uses resilience as a latent variable. The SEM analysis revealed that four dimensions of capital positively affect farmers' resilience except for the human capital which negatively affects resilience. To reduce the effects of natural catastrophes in the upcoming years, the adaptation strategies from the highly resilient places can be examined and put into practice in the less resilient areas. It is imperative that development programmes at all levels incorporate climate awareness and stakeholder capacity building.
{"title":"Farmers' resilience index: a tool to metricize the resilience of the farmers towards natural disasters affecting agriculture in India","authors":"Sandipamu Raahalya, P. Balasubramaniam, M. N. Devi, N. Maragatham, R. Selvi","doi":"10.2166/wp.2023.152","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2166/wp.2023.152","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 In the present paper farmers' resilience index (FRI) was constructed considering the natural disaster using five dimensions including physical, social, economic, human and natural. the scale is administered to the 240 paddy farmers in two coastal districts of Andhra Pradesh. Principal component analysis was performed in order to fix the weightage for each variable. About (39.58%) of farmers are resilient to natural disasters with the highest resilience score for financial capital (0.641) and natural capital with less resilience score (0.401). Confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) to determine how well the generated model of the scale fits the data. The structural equation modelling (SEM) path diagram was developed based on the conceptual model, which uses resilience as a latent variable. The SEM analysis revealed that four dimensions of capital positively affect farmers' resilience except for the human capital which negatively affects resilience. To reduce the effects of natural catastrophes in the upcoming years, the adaptation strategies from the highly resilient places can be examined and put into practice in the less resilient areas. It is imperative that development programmes at all levels incorporate climate awareness and stakeholder capacity building.","PeriodicalId":49370,"journal":{"name":"Water Policy","volume":"7 13","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2023-12-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138977215","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Ming Chang, Fei Li, Songwei Lin, Jinhao Zhang, Hongxu Shi
With the continued advancement of digital technology, the digital economy will gradually become the primary economic form in the future, having a profound impact on a variety of industries, including agriculture. Agriculture is a major source of global water use, and efficient water use in agriculture is critical to coping with water scarcity and ensuring food security. This study used publicly available data from 30 Chinese provinces from 2006 to 2017 to estimate the relationship between the digital economy and agricultural water use efficiency using the systematic generalized method of moments technique. According to the findings, a 1% increase in the digital economy indicator is associated with a 0.053% increase in agricultural water use efficiency. In addition, the digital economy improves agricultural water usage efficiency through three mediating channels: structural effect, scale effect, and spillover effect. For the digital economy and agricultural water use efficiency to develop in tandem, the Chinese government should strive to strengthen the development of the digital economy and work on the intermediate channels demonstrated in this study
{"title":"How is agricultural water efficiency affected by the digital economy? Insights from China","authors":"Ming Chang, Fei Li, Songwei Lin, Jinhao Zhang, Hongxu Shi","doi":"10.2166/wp.2023.168","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2166/wp.2023.168","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 With the continued advancement of digital technology, the digital economy will gradually become the primary economic form in the future, having a profound impact on a variety of industries, including agriculture. Agriculture is a major source of global water use, and efficient water use in agriculture is critical to coping with water scarcity and ensuring food security. This study used publicly available data from 30 Chinese provinces from 2006 to 2017 to estimate the relationship between the digital economy and agricultural water use efficiency using the systematic generalized method of moments technique. According to the findings, a 1% increase in the digital economy indicator is associated with a 0.053% increase in agricultural water use efficiency. In addition, the digital economy improves agricultural water usage efficiency through three mediating channels: structural effect, scale effect, and spillover effect. For the digital economy and agricultural water use efficiency to develop in tandem, the Chinese government should strive to strengthen the development of the digital economy and work on the intermediate channels demonstrated in this study","PeriodicalId":49370,"journal":{"name":"Water Policy","volume":"62 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2023-12-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138587130","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Integrating wastewater reuse (WWRU) into national water management schemes (WMS) is crucial as Small Island Developing States (SIDS) cope with increasing demand, supply, and quality limitations. In 2022, under the Global Environment Facility Caribbean Regional Fund (GEF CReW+) on Wastewater Management, the Ministry of Public Utilities (MPU), Trinidad and Tobago spearheaded the development of a national voluntary standard for wastewater reuse for agricultural and landscaping uses, paving the way for further integration of WWRU. During the process, the MPU conducted a Knowledge, Attitudes, and Practices (KAP) and Willingness to Pay (WTP) assessment to inform the standard and subsequent implementation. In total, 146 stakeholders in Trinidad and Tobago completed the assessment. Results indicated ‘good’ knowledge on wastewater and WWRU (59.3%), however attitudes and practices were considered ‘poor’. Inferential Statistics performed on numerically coded survey response data revealed no statistically significant relation with the demographic factors assessed. The results indicated that most respondents were willing to use treated wastewater (84.1%). Furthermore, 27.3% of respondents were willing to pay the same price as conventional water. This assessment can inform the implementation and pricing process and allows for identification of critical areas of focus to increase the uptake of WWRU in Trinidad and Tobago
{"title":"Integrating wastewater reuse into water management schemes of Caribbean SIDS: a Trinidad and Tobago case study","authors":"R. Roopnarine, Kervelle Baird, Mikella Hosein, Renee Jackson, Shehnaaz Salim, Anisha Cephas, Oral Daley, Samantha Gangapersad, Sara-Jade Govia, Adrian Cashman, Akil Crichlow, Federick Pinongcos","doi":"10.2166/wp.2023.174","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2166/wp.2023.174","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 \u0000 Integrating wastewater reuse (WWRU) into national water management schemes (WMS) is crucial as Small Island Developing States (SIDS) cope with increasing demand, supply, and quality limitations. In 2022, under the Global Environment Facility Caribbean Regional Fund (GEF CReW+) on Wastewater Management, the Ministry of Public Utilities (MPU), Trinidad and Tobago spearheaded the development of a national voluntary standard for wastewater reuse for agricultural and landscaping uses, paving the way for further integration of WWRU. During the process, the MPU conducted a Knowledge, Attitudes, and Practices (KAP) and Willingness to Pay (WTP) assessment to inform the standard and subsequent implementation. In total, 146 stakeholders in Trinidad and Tobago completed the assessment. Results indicated ‘good’ knowledge on wastewater and WWRU (59.3%), however attitudes and practices were considered ‘poor’. Inferential Statistics performed on numerically coded survey response data revealed no statistically significant relation with the demographic factors assessed. The results indicated that most respondents were willing to use treated wastewater (84.1%). Furthermore, 27.3% of respondents were willing to pay the same price as conventional water. This assessment can inform the implementation and pricing process and allows for identification of critical areas of focus to increase the uptake of WWRU in Trinidad and Tobago","PeriodicalId":49370,"journal":{"name":"Water Policy","volume":"99 8","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2023-12-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138590678","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Sana Khalil, Sahaab Bader Sheikh, Ubaidullah Jamal, Hassaan Furqan Khan
This study highlights various challenges faced by households in accessing safe and reliable water in Karachi, Pakistan's largest city. Using data collected from a stratified random sample of 990 households across Karachi's six districts in 2021–2022, our findings reveal disparities in pipeline coverage, sewage mixing, and water supply. Pipeline coverage is the highest in high-income neighborhoods (99%) and the lowest in low-income areas (71%). Low-income households experience more sewage mixing (76%) than high-income households (55.38%). Overall, 60% of households report frequent sewage mixing, and 30% have had someone in their household contract a water-borne illness in the last 6 months. Approximately half of the households are dissatisfied with water service, with a median daily water supply of just 8 min (equivalent to 56 minutes per week). We find that households that received some water supply in the past month are 11% more likely to pay their bills. Nevertheless, households demonstrate a substantial willingness to pay (WTP) for improvements in the piped water system. The median monthly WTP is PKR 500 for low-income households, PKR 1,000 for middle-income households, and PKR 1,700 for high-income households. Our analysis emphasizes the importance of income-sensitive interventions in urban water supply management in the Global South.
{"title":"Household water insecurities and willingness to pay in Karachi","authors":"Sana Khalil, Sahaab Bader Sheikh, Ubaidullah Jamal, Hassaan Furqan Khan","doi":"10.2166/wp.2023.149","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2166/wp.2023.149","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 \u0000 This study highlights various challenges faced by households in accessing safe and reliable water in Karachi, Pakistan's largest city. Using data collected from a stratified random sample of 990 households across Karachi's six districts in 2021–2022, our findings reveal disparities in pipeline coverage, sewage mixing, and water supply. Pipeline coverage is the highest in high-income neighborhoods (99%) and the lowest in low-income areas (71%). Low-income households experience more sewage mixing (76%) than high-income households (55.38%). Overall, 60% of households report frequent sewage mixing, and 30% have had someone in their household contract a water-borne illness in the last 6 months. Approximately half of the households are dissatisfied with water service, with a median daily water supply of just 8 min (equivalent to 56 minutes per week). We find that households that received some water supply in the past month are 11% more likely to pay their bills. Nevertheless, households demonstrate a substantial willingness to pay (WTP) for improvements in the piped water system. The median monthly WTP is PKR 500 for low-income households, PKR 1,000 for middle-income households, and PKR 1,700 for high-income households. Our analysis emphasizes the importance of income-sensitive interventions in urban water supply management in the Global South.","PeriodicalId":49370,"journal":{"name":"Water Policy","volume":"114 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2023-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138623185","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The Millennium Drought drastically reduced the amount of irrigation water applied and triggered modern water reform, such as water market promotion in the southern Murray–Darling Basin (sMDB), Australia. The South Australia (SA), located far downstream in the sMDB, occupies a unique and important position because the amount of water supplied for SA is guaranteed under normal weather conditions. The water availability for SA determines whether severe droughts occur in the sMDB. Based on the Murray–Darling Basin water market catchment dataset 2021, the causal inference of whether irrigation water applied in the SA Murray water system as the main water system in SA increased after water year (WY) 2011 when the percentage of water allocated to high-reliability water entitlements reached 100% was empirically analysed in this article with a difference-in-differences approach. In this article, the SA Murray water system was adopted as the sole treatment group and WY 2011 was selected as the treatment timing. When control variables and the interaction terms between the dummy variable for posttreatment periods and control variables are included, this article statistically demonstrates that irrigation water applied in the SA Murray water system increased after WY 2011.
{"title":"Does irrigation water applied in South Australia increase after the end of the Millennium Drought? Application of the difference-in-differences approach","authors":"Koji Noda","doi":"10.2166/wp.2023.104","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2166/wp.2023.104","url":null,"abstract":"The Millennium Drought drastically reduced the amount of irrigation water applied and triggered modern water reform, such as water market promotion in the southern Murray–Darling Basin (sMDB), Australia. The South Australia (SA), located far downstream in the sMDB, occupies a unique and important position because the amount of water supplied for SA is guaranteed under normal weather conditions. The water availability for SA determines whether severe droughts occur in the sMDB. Based on the Murray–Darling Basin water market catchment dataset 2021, the causal inference of whether irrigation water applied in the SA Murray water system as the main water system in SA increased after water year (WY) 2011 when the percentage of water allocated to high-reliability water entitlements reached 100% was empirically analysed in this article with a difference-in-differences approach. In this article, the SA Murray water system was adopted as the sole treatment group and WY 2011 was selected as the treatment timing. When control variables and the interaction terms between the dummy variable for posttreatment periods and control variables are included, this article statistically demonstrates that irrigation water applied in the SA Murray water system increased after WY 2011.","PeriodicalId":49370,"journal":{"name":"Water Policy","volume":"27 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2023-11-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139232730","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The water rights market has been promoted in China since 2000. The lack of data and suitable evaluation methods impeded efforts to evaluate the market performance systematically. This research examines the characteristics, performance, and variation of China's agricultural water rights market (AWRM) on the basis of data from the field investigation, China Water Exchange, academic literature, and policy documents. We construct a comprehensive evaluation index system from the aspect of efficiency, fairness, and sustainability and quantitatively evaluate the performance of seven typical agricultural water markets in China. From 2002 to 2020, there were 1,752 cases of agricultural water transactions in China, with a total trading volume of 10.09 million m3. The market scale is increasing and the development of AWRM can be divided into three stages. Most agricultural water rights transactions happened in the west and the north. The average performance of typical AWRMs was poor. Typical water markets had the highest score for fairness and the lowest score for sustainability. Water markets in the humid areas performed the best, whereas the markets in the higher transaction level performed better. Water markets in areas with higher economic development had better performance.
{"title":"Performance evaluation of China's agricultural water rights markets (2002–2020)","authors":"Xiaoping Dai, Dustin Garrick, Jesper Svensson, Jingang Li, Qiong Yue","doi":"10.2166/wp.2023.232","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2166/wp.2023.232","url":null,"abstract":"The water rights market has been promoted in China since 2000. The lack of data and suitable evaluation methods impeded efforts to evaluate the market performance systematically. This research examines the characteristics, performance, and variation of China's agricultural water rights market (AWRM) on the basis of data from the field investigation, China Water Exchange, academic literature, and policy documents. We construct a comprehensive evaluation index system from the aspect of efficiency, fairness, and sustainability and quantitatively evaluate the performance of seven typical agricultural water markets in China. From 2002 to 2020, there were 1,752 cases of agricultural water transactions in China, with a total trading volume of 10.09 million m3. The market scale is increasing and the development of AWRM can be divided into three stages. Most agricultural water rights transactions happened in the west and the north. The average performance of typical AWRMs was poor. Typical water markets had the highest score for fairness and the lowest score for sustainability. Water markets in the humid areas performed the best, whereas the markets in the higher transaction level performed better. Water markets in areas with higher economic development had better performance.","PeriodicalId":49370,"journal":{"name":"Water Policy","volume":"902 ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2023-11-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139237102","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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