Urban Forestry & Urban Greening最新文献_第4页

Impact of residential green spaces on health inequalities in the UK: A systematic review and exploratory meta-analysis 英国住宅绿地对健康不平等的影响：系统回顾和探索性荟萃分析

IF 6.7 2区环境科学与生态学 Q1 ENVIRONMENTAL STUDIES

Urban Forestry & Urban Greening

Pub Date : 2026-01-16 DOI: 10.1016/j.ufug.2026.129304

Dillon Newton, Mariam Zarjoo, John Stephenson, Philip Brown

Residential green spaces - defined here as public or private green environments located within or immediately surrounding places of residence - are recognised as important social determinants of health, yet their potential to reduce health inequalities remains underexplored. This systematic review synthesised evidence on whether access to residential green spaces is associated with health outcomes across socioeconomic groups in the United Kingdom. A total of 20 studies were included that covered mental health, physical health, child development and mortality outcomes. Across studies, green space was generally associated with improved mental wellbeing, lower chronic disease risk and greater child socio-emotional development. Importantly, several studies found stronger health benefits among socioeconomically disadvantaged groups which suggests equigenic effects, although lower-quality or inaccessible green spaces could entrench inequalities. Three studies were included in a pre-specified exploratory random-effects meta-analysis focussed on mental wellbeing outcomes. The pooled odds ratio indicated a modest but non-significant protective association between green space exposure and mental wellbeing (OR 0.91, 95 % CI 0.77–1.07), with very high heterogeneity (I²=99.8 %) and sensitivity analysis showed no single study unduly influenced the results. Although the pooled effect was non-significant, the consistent direction across studies supports the view that more and better residential green space may promote mental health. Findings from the broader review show that equity impacts vary across green space typologies: public parks, neighbourhood vegetation and community spaces tend to deliver more equitable benefits than private gardens, which are unevenly distributed and can reinforce environmental privilege. By embedding a focus on health inequalities, this review provides actionable evidence to enable the provision of green space as a core public health infrastructure.

居住绿色空间——这里定义为位于居住地内部或周围的公共或私人绿色环境——被认为是健康的重要社会决定因素，但其减少健康不平等的潜力仍未得到充分探索。这一系统综述综合了英国各社会经济群体获得住宅绿地是否与健康结果相关的证据。总共纳入了20项研究，涉及心理健康、身体健康、儿童发育和死亡率结果。在所有研究中，绿地通常与改善心理健康、降低慢性疾病风险和促进儿童社会情感发展有关。重要的是，几项研究发现，在社会经济上处于不利地位的群体中，健康益处更强，这表明存在均衡效应，尽管质量较低或难以进入的绿地可能会加剧不平等。三项研究被纳入预先指定的探索性随机效应荟萃分析，重点关注心理健康结果。综合优势比显示，绿地暴露与心理健康之间存在适度但不显著的保护性关联（OR 0.91, 95 % CI 0.77-1.07），异质性非常高（I²=99.8 %），敏感性分析显示，没有单一研究过度影响结果。虽然综合效应不显著，但各研究的一致方向支持了更多更好的居住绿地可能促进心理健康的观点。更广泛的研究结果表明，不同类型的绿地对公平性的影响各不相同：公共公园、邻里植被和社区空间往往比私人花园提供更公平的效益，而私人花园分布不均，可以强化环境特权。通过将重点放在卫生不平等问题上，本审查提供了可操作的证据，以使提供绿色空间成为一项核心公共卫生基础设施。

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引用次数: 0

An overview of the institutionalization of nature-based solutions in Brazilian cities 巴西城市中基于自然的解决方案的制度化概述

IF 6.7 2区环境科学与生态学 Q1 ENVIRONMENTAL STUDIES

Urban Forestry & Urban Greening

Pub Date : 2026-01-16 DOI: 10.1016/j.ufug.2026.129308

Fabiana Wütrich , Loan Diep , Tatiana Maria Cecy Gadda

While Nature-based Solutions (NbS) are gaining visibility in Brazil as a strategy for rethinking urban development, their institutionalization within municipal frameworks remains poorly understood. This article provides the first nationwide mapping of NbS integration into local governance, analyzing 903 legal norms across 389 municipalities. Results show that NbS institutionalization is recent (mostly post-2020) and uneven, favoring specific strategies such as green roofs, urban forests, and rain gardens over the umbrella term “NbS.” Geographically, norms are concentrated in the Southeast and South, while the North—home to the Amazon—remains scarcely represented. Although larger cities show higher adoption rates, medium-sized municipalities lead in legislative output. Ordinary laws dominate the legal landscape, while complementary laws and master plans offer stronger integration opportunities. The study also identifies “NbS Champions,” a group of municipalities that have institutionalized multiple strategies. Crucially, these findings establish a baseline for monitoring the impact of emerging federal frameworks, such as the National Urban Afforestation Plan (PlaNAU), while highlighting the strategic role of local governments as autonomous drivers of bottom-up innovation for climate resilience.

尽管基于自然的解决方案（NbS）作为一种重新思考城市发展的战略在巴西越来越受关注，但人们对其在市政框架内的制度化仍知之甚少。本文首次在全国范围内绘制了国家统计局融入地方治理的地图，分析了389个城市的903项法律规范。结果表明，国家统计局的制度化是最近的（主要是在2020年之后），而且不均衡，更倾向于绿色屋顶、城市森林和雨水花园等具体战略，而不是“国家统计局”这个总称。从地理上看，规范集中在东南部和南部，而北部——亚马逊的所在地——几乎没有代表。虽然大城市的采用率更高，但中型城市在立法产出方面领先。普通法在法律格局中占主导地位，而补充性法律和总体规划提供了更强的一体化机会。该研究还确定了“国家统计局冠军”，这是一组将多种战略制度化的城市。至关重要的是，这些发现为监测新兴联邦框架（如国家城市造林计划（PlaNAU））的影响建立了基线，同时强调了地方政府作为自下而上的气候适应能力创新的自主驱动者的战略作用。

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引用次数: 0

Community assembly of mosses, lichens, and succulents across a green roof chronosequence in Malmö Sweden 在瑞典Malmö的绿色屋顶上，苔藓、地衣和多肉植物群落按时间顺序排列

IF 6.7 2区环境科学与生态学 Q1 ENVIRONMENTAL STUDIES

Urban Forestry & Urban Greening

Pub Date : 2026-01-15 DOI: 10.1016/j.ufug.2026.129303

Amy Heim , Pierre-Luc Chagnon , Sean Haughian , David Richardson , Ishi Buffam

Research on the flora of green roofs has mainly focused on vascular plants. However, as green roofs age, they are spontaneously colonized by mosses and lichens, with mosses often becoming the dominant lifeform. There is thus a need to document and understand how moss and lichen communities assemble over time, and how these changes influence the provisioning of ecosystem services. To fill this knowledge gap, we analysed a chronosequence of 20 extensive green roofs, ranging from 0.4 to 28 years of age. For each roof, we measured environmental variables and collected percent cover data for all observed vascular plants, mosses, and lichens. Overall, all rooftops experienced spontaneous moss and lichen colonization over time. Increased shade, organic layer depth, and age appeared to favour perennial, pleurocarpous moss species over annual acrocarpous moss species. Based on the results of our study, the pleurocarpous mosses Brachythecium albicans and Hypnum cupressiforme are well adapted to rooftop conditions, making them suitable candidates for propagation onto Sedum/moss green roofs. Our findings suggest that careful selection of moss and lichen species, tailored to specific roof conditions at installation, could enhance colonization success (e.g. a stable community that can persist over multiple seasons). Future research should explore how these communities interact with other components of green roof ecosystems.

对绿化屋顶植物区系的研究主要集中在维管植物上。然而，随着绿色屋顶的老化，它们自然地被苔藓和地衣占领，苔藓往往成为主要的生命形式。因此，有必要记录和了解苔藓和地衣群落如何随时间聚集，以及这些变化如何影响生态系统服务的提供。为了填补这一知识空白，我们分析了20个大面积绿色屋顶的时间顺序，从0.4年到28年不等。对于每个屋顶，我们测量了环境变量，并收集了所有观察到的维管植物、苔藓和地衣的覆盖百分比数据。总体而言，随着时间的推移，所有屋顶都经历了自发的苔藓和地衣殖民。增加的遮荫、有机层深度和年龄似乎更有利于多年生胸膜苔藓物种，而不是一年生顶膜苔藓物种。综上所述，胸膜藓类植物白色短枝藓（Brachythecium albicans）和小叶藓（Hypnum cupressiforme）对屋顶条件适应较好，适合在景天/苔类植物的屋顶上繁殖。我们的研究结果表明，仔细选择苔藓和地衣种类，根据安装时的特定屋顶条件进行定制，可以提高定殖成功率（例如，一个可以持续多个季节的稳定群落）。未来的研究应该探索这些群落如何与绿色屋顶生态系统的其他组成部分相互作用。

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引用次数: 0

Foraging constraints of Melipona quadrifasciata in an urban area 城市地区四趾圆蝽的觅食限制

IF 6.7 2区环境科学与生态学 Q1 ENVIRONMENTAL STUDIES

Urban Forestry & Urban Greening

Pub Date : 2026-01-15 DOI: 10.1016/j.ufug.2026.129294

Mariana Victorino Nicolosi Arena , Rogério Hartung Toppa , Cláudia Inês da Silva , Elaine Cristina Matias da Silva , Isabel Alves-dos-Santos

One of the major anthropogenic drivers of global pollinator decline is land-use change, particularly urbanization. Urban development often replaces native vegetation with ornamental or exotic species, altering the quality and availability of floral resources and potentially failing to meet pollinator nutritional needs. We surveyed pollen collected by the stingless bee Melipona quadrifasciata across the São Paulo megacity and evaluated how landscape patterns influence ecological attributes of the collected pollen. We identified 56 pollen types from 25 families; most pollen came from Myrtaceae (71 %) and Fabaceae (19 %), likely reflecting these families’ mass-flowering phenology. The most abundant pollen taxon was the exotic Eucalyptus citriodora (27.5 %), which may indicate shifts in native plant–pollinator interactions. Generalized linear models showed that both Shannon diversity and Pielou’s evenness were negatively associated with NDVI (p < 0.05), suggesting that higher vegetation cover, as measured by NDVI, does not necessarily correspond to a more diverse or balanced pollen diet for these bees, which exhibited a relatively restricted diet. These results suggest that urban greening aimed at pollinator conservation should prioritize floral composition and resource quality (native, mass-flowering, and nutritionally valuable species) within bees’ foraging ranges rather than focusing solely on increasing vegetation cover. We therefore recommend that beekeepers plant suitable forage species around meliponaries and that municipal authorities identify and map urban meliponaries to guide ecologically informed green-space planning.

全球传粉媒介减少的主要人为驱动因素之一是土地利用变化，特别是城市化。城市发展经常用观赏或外来物种取代原生植被，改变了花卉资源的质量和可用性，并可能无法满足传粉媒介的营养需求。研究了圣保罗特大城市无刺蜂（Melipona quadrifasciata）采集的花粉，评价了景观格局对采集花粉生态属性的影响。鉴定出25科56种花粉类型；大部分花粉来自桃金桃科（71 %）和豆科（19 %），可能反映了这些科的大量开花物候特征。最丰富的花粉分类群是外来桉树（27.5% %），这可能表明本地植物与传粉者的相互作用发生了变化。广义线性模型显示，Shannon多样性和Pielou均匀度与NDVI呈负相关（p <； 0.05），表明NDVI测量的高植被覆盖并不一定对应于这些蜜蜂更多样化或更平衡的花粉饮食，它们表现出相对有限的饮食。这些结果表明，以保护传粉媒介为目的的城市绿化应优先考虑蜜蜂觅食范围内的花卉组成和资源质量（原生、大量开花和有营养价值的物种），而不是仅仅关注增加植被覆盖。因此，我们建议养蜂人在密巢周围种植合适的饲料品种，市政当局确定和绘制城市密巢，以指导生态知情的绿色空间规划。

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引用次数: 0

Effects of school breaks on cognitive performance and mental wellbeing of high school students in indoor and outdoor environments 课间休息对室内和室外环境中学生认知表现和心理健康的影响

IF 6.7 2区环境科学与生态学 Q1 ENVIRONMENTAL STUDIES

Urban Forestry & Urban Greening

Pub Date : 2026-01-14 DOI: 10.1016/j.ufug.2026.129302

Arne Arnberger , Renate Eder , Brigitte Allex , Peter Wallner , Lisbeth Weitensfelder , Michael Kundi , Hans-Peter Hutter

Relaxation breaks during the school day are important for pupils in order to remain cognitively receptive and not stressed. The question arises as to which break environments are more or less suitable for providing mental health benefits. The study compared the cognitive performance and mental wellbeing effects of short-term breaks in different indoor school rooms and outdoor public green spaces on adolescent pupils from three schools in Vienna, Austria, during the vegetated season. Seventy-eight high school pupils participated in a field experiment measuring state of mind (Nitsch scale), cognitive performance (d2-R Test of Attention), and perceived health benefits and restorativeness in classrooms, break rooms and public green spaces before and after a 30-minute break. Regardless of the environment visited, pupils reported higher health benefits and a better state of mind. A higher cognitive performance after the break was also measured. In terms of perceived health benefits, state of mind and cognitive performance, the experiments did not demonstrate that public green spaces were more effective than the indoor classrooms and break rooms. Pupils from the 'greenest' school performed best in cognitive performance tests.

上学期间的放松休息对学生来说很重要，这样可以保持认知上的接受能力，避免压力。问题是，哪些休息环境或多或少适合提供心理健康益处。该研究比较了来自奥地利维也纳三所学校的青少年学生在植物生长季节在不同的室内教室和室外公共绿地进行短期休息对认知表现和心理健康的影响。78名高中学生参加了一项实地实验，测量了他们在课间、休息室和公共绿地休息30分钟前后的心理状态（Nitsch量表）、认知表现（d2-R注意力测试）、感知健康益处和恢复力。无论参观的环境如何，学生们都报告了更高的健康益处和更好的精神状态。休息后的认知表现也有所提高。在感知到的健康益处、心理状态和认知表现方面，实验并没有证明公共绿地比室内教室和休息室更有效。来自“最环保”学校的学生在认知能力测试中表现最好。

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引用次数: 0

The urban green equity index: A supply-demand framework for evaluating health-relevant urban green space equity 城市绿色公平指数：评估与健康相关的城市绿色空间公平的供需框架

IF 6.7 2区环境科学与生态学 Q1 ENVIRONMENTAL STUDIES

Urban Forestry & Urban Greening

Pub Date : 2026-01-14 DOI: 10.1016/j.ufug.2026.129289

Eline Rega , Kelly Wittemans , Melissa K. Lee , Raf Aerts , Valerie Dewaelheyns , Ben Somers

Equitable access to urban green spaces (UGS) is important for public health, yet spatial assessments often focus only on equal availability and accessibility. Health benefits, however, arise when supply is aligned with population-specific needs, calling for a shift toward equity-based assessments that explicitly link supply and demand. To address this, we introduce the Urban Green Equity Index (UGEI), a multidimensional framework designed to evaluate UGS equity based on health-relevant supply and demand factors. The UGEI integrates multiple aspects of supply - quantity, entrance-based accessibility, and ecological and structural quality of diverse UGS types - with demand indicators reflecting socio-economic and environmental conditions that shape health-related needs. Applied to Flanders, Belgium, the UGEI moves beyond city-scale, park-only assessments by combining regional coverage with fine-grained resolution (20 × 20 m for supply; 100 × 100 m for demand). Using both a composite index and a bivariate choropleth map, we show its ability to reveal spatial mismatches across scales, from broad regional inequities to neighborhood-level disparities. To illustrate its policy relevance, we further test the UGEI against the Belgian Index of Multiple Deprivation. Regression analyses reveal significant associations between green inequity and multiple forms of disadvantage, including health deprivation, consistent with the notion that benefits arise where provision meets socially embedded needs. This application underscores the UGEI’s value as a transferable, evidence-based tool to detect underserved areas across diverse contexts and policy goals, link environmental and health inequities, and guide targeted interventions for maximum impact.

城市绿色空间的公平获取对公共健康至关重要，但空间评估往往只关注平等的可得性和可及性。然而，当供应与特定人群的需求相一致时，就会产生健康效益，这就要求转向以公平为基础的评估，明确地将供应和需求联系起来。为了解决这个问题，我们引入了城市绿色公平指数（UGEI），这是一个多维框架，旨在根据与健康相关的供需因素评估城市绿色公平。UGEI综合了供应的多个方面——数量、基于进入的可及性以及各种UGS类型的生态和结构质量——需求指标反映了形成健康相关需求的社会经济和环境条件。UGEI应用于比利时法兰德斯，通过结合区域覆盖率和细粒度分辨率（20 × 20 m为供应；100 × 100 m为需求），超越了城市规模、仅限公园的评估。通过使用复合指数和双变量choropleth地图，我们展示了其揭示跨尺度空间不匹配的能力，从广泛的区域不平等到邻里水平的差异。为了说明其政策相关性，我们进一步测试了UGEI与比利时多重剥夺指数。回归分析显示，绿色不平等与多种形式的不利条件（包括健康剥夺）之间存在显著关联，这与下述观点相一致：供应满足了社会内在需求，就会产生效益。这一应用凸显了全球环境指数作为一种可转让的、以证据为基础的工具的价值，可以在不同的背景和政策目标中发现服务不足的领域，将环境和卫生不平等联系起来，并指导有针对性的干预措施，以取得最大影响。

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引用次数: 0

More than grass and benches: Evaluating how spatial from shapes park daily use 不仅仅是草地和长凳：评估公园日常使用的空间形状

IF 6.7 2区环境科学与生态学 Q1 ENVIRONMENTAL STUDIES

Urban Forestry & Urban Greening

Pub Date : 2026-01-14 DOI: 10.1016/j.ufug.2026.129290

Dini Hardilla , Christina A. Garcia , Bart J. Dewancker

Neighborhood parks, small green spaces within walking distance of residential areas, are important for everyday urban well-being. This study examined how internal spatial features influence user distribution and the performance of amenities. A random sampling approach was applied using the System for Observing Play and Recreation in Communities (SOPARC) to document park features, service areas, and user activity. A total of 39 neighborhood parks were classified into four typologies, three zones, and six spatial indicators, forming the basis for cross-sectional analysis. Correlation analyses using Spearman and Pearson methods were conducted to test associations between spatial indicators and user intensity. Furthermore, scenario simulation on spatial layout and amenity distribution was performed using three strategies: add, reduce, and do nothing, across four park typologies. Findings revealed distinct spatial patterns in user presence. Edge zones near entrances recorded 2.5 times higher activity compared with core areas, and entrance density showed a strong negative correlation with compactness (r = –0.70), suggesting that multiple access points reduce crowding and improve usability. Scenario testing further showed that neighborhood parks without conservation functions typology were most responsive to changes in amenity provision (Z = 2.13), rather than other typologies. These findings suggest that neighborhood parks follow systematic spatial patterns rather than uniform use. Parks with dynamic performance benefit from shorter maintenance cycles, with priority directed to edge areas where user concentration is highest. This study provides practical guidance for enhancing accessibility and amenity provision in neighborhood parks to support daily urban life better.

社区公园，住宅区步行距离内的小绿地，对城市的日常生活至关重要。本研究考察了内部空间特征如何影响用户分布和设施的性能。采用随机抽样方法，利用观察社区游戏和娱乐系统（SOPARC）记录公园特征、服务区和用户活动。将39个社区公园划分为4种类型、3个分区和6个空间指标，构成了横断面分析的基础。使用Spearman和Pearson方法进行相关分析，以检验空间指标与用户强度之间的关联。此外，在四种公园类型中，采用三种策略：增加、减少和不做任何事情，对空间布局和舒适性分布进行了情景模拟。研究结果揭示了用户在场的不同空间模式。靠近入口的边缘区域的活跃度是核心区的2.5倍，入口密度与紧凑度呈显著负相关（r = -0.70），表明多个接入点减少了拥挤，提高了可用性。场景测试进一步表明，与其他类型相比，没有保护功能类型的社区公园对美化设施的变化最敏感（Z = 2.13）。这些发现表明，社区公园遵循系统的空间模式，而不是统一的使用。具有动态性能的公园受益于更短的维护周期，优先考虑用户集中度最高的边缘区域。本研究为改善社区公园的可达性和便利性提供了实践指导，以更好地支持城市日常生活。

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引用次数: 0

Investigating the associations between road traffic noise exposure at home, green spaces and stress biomarkers: A cross-sectional field study 调查家中道路交通噪音暴露、绿地和压力生物标志物之间的关系：一项横断面实地研究

IF 6.7 2区环境科学与生态学 Q1 ENVIRONMENTAL STUDIES

Urban Forestry & Urban Greening

Pub Date : 2026-01-13 DOI: 10.1016/j.ufug.2026.129291

Javier Dopico , Beat Schäffer , Mark Brink , Danielle Vienneau , Martin Röösli , Tina Maria Binz , Silvia Tobias , Nicole Bauer , Jean Marc Wunderli

Chronic exposure to environmental stressors, like road traffic noise, is linked to negative health impacts. This cross-sectional field study investigates the associations between road traffic noise exposure at home, residential green, and stress biomarkers (cortisol and cortisone) among residents in the city of Zurich, Switzerland. The study involved 224 participants exposed to varying levels of noise at home and varying access to green spaces in the vicinity of home. Data collection included 3 cm near-scalp hair samples for cortisol and cortisone as biomarkers for chronic stress, residential environment assessments, and questionnaires. Exposure to road traffic noise at home was quantified through modelled L_den and residential green through the normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI) and percentage of public green spaces. Multiple linear regression models were used to study the association of the long-term physiological stress biomarkers with the exposure to road traffic noise at home and residential green. There was no association between noise exposure and stress biomarkers, while a significant negative association of cortisone (β = −0.0084; 95 % CI: −0.0162 to −0.0006; p < 0.05) and the sum of cortisol and cortisone (β = −0.0086; 95 % CI: −0.0165 to −0.0008; p < 0.05) was found with green space area in the neighborhood. These findings highlight the importance of public green spaces contributing to public health in urban settings.

长期暴露于环境压力源，如道路交通噪音，与负面健康影响有关。本横断面实地研究调查了瑞士苏黎世市居民家中道路交通噪声暴露、住宅绿化和压力生物标志物（皮质醇和可的松）之间的关系。这项研究涉及224名参与者，他们在家中暴露在不同程度的噪音中，在家附近不同程度的绿色空间中。数据收集包括3 cm近头皮头发样本，用于皮质醇和可的松作为慢性应激的生物标志物，居住环境评估和问卷调查。通过归一化植被指数（NDVI）和公共绿地百分比，通过模拟Lden和住宅绿化来量化家庭道路交通噪声暴露。采用多元线性回归模型研究了长期生理应激生物标志物与家庭和住宅绿地道路交通噪声暴露的关系。噪声暴露与应激生物标志物之间无相关性，而可的松（β = - 0.0084; 95 % CI: - 0.0162 ~ - 0.0006; p <； 0.05）和皮质醇和可的松的总和（β = - 0.0086; 95 % CI: - 0.0165 ~ - 0.0008; p <； 0.05）与小区绿地面积呈显著负相关。这些发现强调了城市环境中公共绿地对公共健康的重要性。

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引用次数: 0

Predicting CO2 emissions using UAV spectral and thermal data in urban lawns: A case study of buffalograss and St. Augustinegrass 利用无人机光谱和热数据预测城市草坪二氧化碳排放——以水牛草和圣奥古斯丁草为例

IF 6.7 2区环境科学与生态学 Q1 ENVIRONMENTAL STUDIES

Urban Forestry & Urban Greening

Pub Date : 2026-01-13 DOI: 10.1016/j.ufug.2026.129297

Jean Claude Iradukunda , Anish Sapkota , Zahra Amiri , Amir Verdi

Limited research has examined the use of remote sensing to estimate carbon emissions in small-scale urban landscapes, such as residential green yards, which this study aims to address. In this research, multispectral and thermal images captured by an Unmanned Aerial Vehicle (UAV) were employed to estimate CO₂ efflux in two turfgrass species (‘UC Verde’ Buffalograss and ‘A-G’ St. Augustinegrass) grown under three years of varied irrigation treatments at the University of California, Riverside Agriculture Experiment Station in Riverside, California. Field measurements of CO₂ efflux, soil moisture, and temperature were collected in conjunction with UAV imagery. A physics-based model, the Thermal-Optical Trapezoid Model (TOTRAM), was first applied to estimate soil moisture. Subsequently, models developed using both in situ soil moisture and UAV data were compared with those based solely on multispectral and thermal vegetation indices. The TOTRAM model was found to estimate soil moisture with a root mean squared error (RMSE) of 0.07 cm³ cm⁻³. The highest performance was observed in random forest models that incorporated soil moisture, NDRE, the near-infrared (NIR) band, and canopy temperature, with RMSE values of 3.05 µmol CO₂ m⁻² s⁻¹ for models using predicted soil moisture and 2.69 µmol CO₂ m⁻² s⁻¹ for models using measured soil moisture, corresponding to a 13 % difference in RMSE between the two models. Lastly, no improvement in performance was observed when models were trained on species-specific data. These findings demonstrate that UAV-based models can be effectively used to predict carbon emissions in small urban green spaces.

有限的研究考察了利用遥感来估计小规模城市景观（如住宅绿地）的碳排放，这是本研究的目的。在这项研究中，利用无人机（UAV）拍摄的多光谱和热图像来估计在加利福尼亚州里弗赛德的加州大学里弗赛德农业实验站生长的两种草坪草（“UC Verde”水牛草和“A-G”圣奥古斯丁草）在三年不同灌溉处理下的CO₂排出量。结合无人机图像收集了CO₂外排、土壤湿度和温度的现场测量数据。基于物理的热光学梯形模型（TOTRAM）首次用于估算土壤湿度。随后，将利用原位土壤湿度和无人机数据开发的模型与仅基于多光谱和热植被指数的模型进行了比较。发现TOTRAM模型估算土壤湿度的均方根误差（RMSE）为0.07 cm3 cm - 3。结合土壤湿度、NDRE、近红外（NIR）波段和冠层温度的随机森林模型表现最佳，预测土壤湿度模型的RMSE值为3.05µmol CO₂m−2 s−1，实测土壤湿度模型的RMSE值为2.69µmol CO₂m−2 s−1，两种模型的RMSE差异为13. %。最后，当模型在特定物种的数据上进行训练时，没有观察到性能的改善。这些发现表明，基于无人机的模型可以有效地用于预测小型城市绿地的碳排放。

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引用次数: 0

Extreme weather events pose large impacts on urban trees: Freezing rain events as an example 极端天气事件对城市树木的影响：以冻雨事件为例

IF 6.7 2区环境科学与生态学 Q1 ENVIRONMENTAL STUDIES

Urban Forestry & Urban Greening

Pub Date : 2026-01-13 DOI: 10.1016/j.ufug.2026.129298

Wei Liu , Xihong Lian , Zejin Liu , Limin Jiao

Global warming increases the frequency of extreme weather events, resulting in greater risks to urban ecosystems. Among such events, freezing rain events have received little attention despite their significant impact on urban trees. Previous research lacked the spatiotemporal resolution to separate event-driven damage from seasonal variation and to capture fine-scale urban landscape variation. This study developed an integrated framework combining multi-index remote sensing and machine learning to assess the impacts of the February 2024 freezing rain events in Wuhan. The results revealed that freezing rain events led to a 49.88 % decline in the composite vegetation index (CVI) and affected 95.10 % of tree-covered areas. Aboveground biomass (AGB) loss reached 0.09 Mg/ha, equivalent to 1.43 times the normal seasonal variation. Greater tree damage occurred in regions with denser tree cover. In addition, broad-leaved evergreens experienced more pronounced damage relative to evergreen conifers and deciduous species. These findings underscore the need for targeted management strategies, including species selection and zoning-based planning, to enhance urban forest resilience against future freezing rain events.

全球变暖增加了极端天气事件的频率，导致城市生态系统面临更大的风险。在这些事件中，冻雨事件尽管对城市树木有重大影响，但却很少受到关注。以往的研究缺乏将事件驱动的损害与季节变化区分开来的时空分辨率，也无法捕捉到精细尺度的城市景观变化。本研究建立了多指数遥感与机器学习相结合的综合框架，以评估2024年2月武汉冻雨事件的影响。结果表明，冻雨事件导致综合植被指数（CVI）下降49.88 %，影响树木覆盖面积95.10 %。地上生物量（AGB）损失达0.09 Mg/ha，相当于正常季节变化的1.43倍。在树木覆盖密集的地区，树木受到的损害更大。此外，阔叶常绿植物相对于常绿针叶树和落叶树种遭受的损害更为明显。这些发现强调需要有针对性的管理策略，包括物种选择和基于分区的规划，以增强城市森林抵御未来冻雨事件的能力。

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