Tunnelling and Underground Space Technology最新文献_第5页

Analysis and layout parameter optimization study for high-level radioactive waste disposal units in granite host rock 花岗岩主岩高放废物处置单元分析及布置参数优化研究

IF 7.4 1区工程技术 Q1 CONSTRUCTION & BUILDING TECHNOLOGY

Tunnelling and Underground Space Technology

Pub Date : 2026-01-22 DOI: 10.1016/j.tust.2026.107474

Biao Wang , Zaobao Liu , Liang Chen , Hongsu Ma , Bo Lu , Sun Jian , Xi Du

The long-term strength of rocks under high-temperature and high-pressure conditions is crucial for assessing the stability of high-level radioactive waste disposal facilities. This study investigates the thermomechanical behavior of Beishan granite, a candidate host rock for Chinese high-level radioactive waste repository, under coupled thermal–mechanical loading. A series of triaxial direct shear creep tests integrated with acoustic emission monitoring were conducted to analyze the damage evolution and failure mechanisms of the rock. Results reveal that as temperature increases from 30 °C to 150 °C, the proportion of tensile failure in the granite increases from 29.03 % to 51.36 %. A thermo-mechanically coupled viscoelastic damage constitutive model is developed to accurately capture the time-dependent mechanical response of granite under triaxial direct shear. After validation against experimental data, the model is implemented into a finite element framework via a user subroutine to predict the long-term stability of an high-level radioactive waste disposal unit. Furthermore, fuzzy set theory was applied to optimize the layout parameters of the disposal unit, leading to an enhanced safety and efficiency profile; the optimal layout is determined with a canister number (N_C) to canister spacing (S_C) to unit spacing (S_I) ratio of 1:3:10. These results provide valuable insights into the thermo-mechanical behavior of granite and offer a practical tool supporting the design and safety evaluation of deep geological repositories, thereby facilitating the sustainable development of nuclear energy.

高温高压条件下岩石的长期强度是评价高放废物处置设施稳定性的关键。研究了中国高放废物处置库候选寄主岩北山花岗岩在热-力学耦合载荷作用下的热-力学行为。结合声发射监测，进行了一系列三轴直剪蠕变试验，分析了岩石的损伤演化和破坏机制。结果表明：随着温度从30℃升高到150℃，花岗岩中拉伸破坏的比例从29.03%增加到51.36%；为了准确地反映花岗岩在三轴直剪作用下的力学响应，建立了热-机耦合粘弹性损伤本构模型。在对实验数据进行验证后，该模型通过用户子程序实现到有限元框架中，以预测高放射性废物处置装置的长期稳定性。应用模糊集理论对处置单元布置参数进行优化，提高了处置单元的安全性和效率；最佳布局确定为罐数（NC）与罐间距（SC）与单位间距（SI）之比为1:3:10。这些结果为了解花岗岩的热力学行为提供了有价值的见解，并为深部地质储存库的设计和安全评价提供了实用工具，从而促进了核能的可持续发展。

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引用次数: 0

Study on the characteristics of recirculating smoke flow in dead-end tunnel fire based on full-scale experiments 基于全尺寸实验的死角隧道火灾循环烟气流动特性研究

IF 7.4 1区工程技术 Q1 CONSTRUCTION & BUILDING TECHNOLOGY

Tunnelling and Underground Space Technology

Pub Date : 2026-01-22 DOI: 10.1016/j.tust.2025.107396

Shunyu Yue , Le Wu , Zejian Lu , Pingyu Zhang , Peng Hu , Junxian Xie , Maohua Zhong

With the acceleration of the construction of underground space engineering in China, the number of single-ended tunnels in the construction process has increased year by year. In order to study the smoke spread characteristics in a single-ended tunnel formed during the construction phase of a long distance tunnel, a full-scale field experiment was carried out in the construction section of Shengli Tunnel in Tianshan Mountain. By analyzing the overall temperature distribution, wind speed distribution, smoke layer height and other parameters, combined with field observation, the law of smoke diffusion and settlement in the single-ended tunnel was studied. The temperature prediction models of different diffusion directions are given. The results show that:(1) Under natural ventilation conditions, the diffusion velocity of flue gas towards the closed end is slower than that towards the connected end, and the temperature of flue gas in the connected end is faster than that at the closed end. (2) At the connected end of the ceiling, the maximum flue gas temperature distribution basically conforms to the classical exponential decay model. (3) While at the closed end, the flue gas temperature distribution can be regarded as the superposition of the two parts of the flue gas flow due to the phenomenon of recirculating flue gas flow.

随着中国地下空间工程建设的加快，施工过程中的单端隧道数量逐年增加。为研究长距离隧道施工阶段形成的单端隧道烟气扩散特性，在天山胜利隧道施工段进行了全尺寸现场试验。通过分析整体温度分布、风速分布、烟层高度等参数，结合现场观测，研究了单端隧道烟气扩散沉降规律。给出了不同扩散方向下的温度预测模型。结果表明：(1)在自然通风条件下，烟气向封闭端扩散速度慢于向连通端扩散速度，连通端烟气温度上升快于向封闭端扩散速度。(2)吊顶连接端最大烟气温度分布基本符合经典指数衰减模型。(3)而在封闭端，由于烟气流的再循环现象，烟气温度分布可视为两部分烟气流的叠加。

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引用次数: 0

Performance assessment of anchor cable with high-strength C-shaped tube under double shearing 高强度c形管锚索在双重剪切作用下的性能评价

IF 7.4 1区工程技术 Q1 CONSTRUCTION & BUILDING TECHNOLOGY

Tunnelling and Underground Space Technology

Pub Date : 2026-01-22 DOI: 10.1016/j.tust.2026.107475

Ye Chen, Renliang Shan, Yichao Peng, Lichong Li, Zonghui He

In order to improve the problem of repeated breakage of anchor cables due to shear in roadway support. This article takes the anchor cable with C-shaped tube (ACC), which has a shear-resistant structural design, as the research object. By selecting high-strength steel as the material for the C-shaped tube, the performance of ACC in rock support is improved. Based on double shear tests and tensile tests, it can be found that ACC demonstrated excellent shear control capabilities and efficiency that surpassed mere superposition by coordinating C-shaped tubes and cables. Through theoretical calculations, it has been found that increasing the strength of steel tubes can expand the failure envelope, as well as enhance the closure effect of C-shaped tubes. Following a thorough evaluation, ACC-30CrMo with better performance was selected, which has a strength improvement of 30.5% compared to ACC-Q345. Combined with numerical simulations using ABAQUS, it has been determined that the elongation rate of the C-shaped tube is a key parameter to prevent the steel tube from breaking before the cable and ensure ACCs’ performance. This article’s selection strategy can lay the foundation for the parameter research of high-strength ACC.

为了改善巷道支护中因剪切导致锚索反复断裂的问题。本文以具有抗剪结构设计的c形管锚索（ACC）为研究对象。通过选用高强钢作为c形管材料，提高了ACC在岩石支护中的性能。通过双剪试验和拉伸试验，可以发现ACC具有优异的抗剪能力和抗剪效率，其抗剪能力和抗剪效率超过了单纯的c型管索配合叠加。通过理论计算发现，提高钢管的强度可以扩大破坏包络线，增强c形管的封闭效果。经过全面的评估，我们选择了性能更好的ACC-30CrMo，其强度比ACC-Q345提高了30.5%。结合ABAQUS的数值模拟，确定了c形管的伸长率是防止钢管先于电缆断裂、保证ACCs性能的关键参数。本文的选择策略可为高强度ACC的参数研究奠定基础。

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引用次数: 0

An integrated in-situ evaluation grouting method based on multi-parameter fusion of probe drilling, water pressure tests, and horizontal cross-hole resistivity tomography 基于探针钻孔、水压试验和水平井间电阻率层析成像多参数融合的原位综合评价注浆方法

IF 7.4 1区工程技术 Q1 CONSTRUCTION & BUILDING TECHNOLOGY

Tunnelling and Underground Space Technology

Pub Date : 2026-01-21 DOI: 10.1016/j.tust.2026.107480

Lichao Nie , Pengyu Jing , Shixun Jia , Zhi-Qiang Li , Shimin Li

Fractured, water-bearing rock ahead of tunnel faces is a principal cause of water and mud inrush. Quantifying the in-situ performance of pre-excavation grouting remains challenging because the process is not directly observable. This study proposes a multi-parameter fusion framework that integrates probe drilling, water pressure tests, and horizontal cross-hole resistivity tomography for evaluating tunnel grouting in-situ. Four normalized indicators—average resistivity (R), water inflow (V), rock-mass integrity (W), and water permeability (K)—are combined using a convex-combination weighting of AHP and entropy weights and a second-order Choquet integral to obtain the interpretable, segment-level grouting-effectiveness index, which ranged from 0.6624 to 0.7577 after grouting. The fusion captures interactions among indicators while preserving physical interpretability. This evaluation method also coordinates and validates the qualitative observations of various exploration techniques before and after grouting with the quantitative analysis results, enabling a more detailed and convincing evaluation of grouting effectiveness. Applied to a complex section of the No. 2 tunnel of Xianglu Mountain in Southwest China, the framework identified post-grouting increases in resistivity and integrity and reductions in water permeability and inflow through field experiments, consistent with post-excavation observations. The results demonstrate a robust, operational approach for in-situ assessment of grouting performance that is transferable to tunnels with similar hydrogeological settings.

隧道工作面前方的裂隙含水岩是造成涌水、涌泥的主要原因。由于预开挖注浆过程不能直接观测，因此对其原位性能进行量化仍然具有挑战性。本研究提出了一种结合探针钻孔、水压试验和水平井间电阻率层析成像的多参数融合框架，用于隧道注浆原位评价。将平均电阻率(R)、涌水量(V)、岩体完整性(W)、渗透率(K) 4个归一化指标，采用AHP和熵权的凸组合加权和二阶Choquet积分相结合的方法，得到了可解释的分段级注浆效果指标，注浆后该指标取值范围为0.6624 ~ 0.7577。这种融合捕获了指标之间的相互作用，同时保留了物理可解释性。该评价方法还将注浆前后各种勘探技术的定性观测结果与定量分析结果进行了协调和验证，使注浆效果评价更加细致和有说服力。将该框架应用于西南相鹿山2号隧道某复杂断面，通过现场试验发现注浆后电阻率和完整性增加，透水性和流入减少，与开挖后观测结果一致。结果证明了一种可靠的、可操作的原位注浆性能评估方法，可应用于具有类似水文地质环境的隧道。

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引用次数: 0

Mechanical response characteristics and influencing factors analysis of non-parallel complex subway station-tunnel groups close proximity construction 非平行复杂地铁车站-隧道群近距离施工的力学响应特性及影响因素分析

IF 7.4 1区工程技术 Q1 CONSTRUCTION & BUILDING TECHNOLOGY

Tunnelling and Underground Space Technology

Pub Date : 2026-01-21 DOI: 10.1016/j.tust.2026.107472

Xinrong Liu , Lei Fang , Xiaohan Zhou , Qiang Xu , Kun Cheng

The mechanical response characteristics of the adjacent structures involving non-parallel complex subway tunnels significantly affect the stability of tunnel structures and ground settlement. To analyze the mechanical stability of both the main and auxiliary tunnels in the vicinity of the subway station, an integrated methodological framework that combines physical model testing with advanced numerical simulation techniques was adopted to precisely identify the deformation characteristics of adjacent non-parallel main and auxiliary tunnels. In addition, the study systematically investigated the influence mechanisms associated with construction sequence, construction methods, and excavation step spacing on the mechanical behavior of the tunnel structures and the stability of stratum. The results indicate that the disturbance-induced settlement of the main tunnel crown gradually decreases as adjacent non-parallel auxiliary tunnels are excavated upward. Meanwhile, as the vertical elevation difference between the main and auxiliary tunnels increases, the principal stress borne by the main tunnel lining is gradually transferred toward the lining of the auxiliary tunnel. Excavation of Auxiliary Tunnel No. 6 and the wind pavilion trigger sudden mutual deformation and abrupt stress release in the intervening rock mass; therefore, particular attention should be paid to its stability and reinforcement. The deformation of the tunnel group and the ventilation shaft structure mainly occurs during the excavation process. Construction method and step length significantly affect vault deformation and surface settlement of the tunnel group, whereas construction sequence mainly impacts stress disturbance among individual tunnels.

非平行复杂地铁隧道相邻结构的力学响应特性对隧道结构的稳定性和地面沉降有重要影响。为分析地铁车站附近主副隧道的力学稳定性，采用物理模型试验与先进数值模拟技术相结合的综合方法框架，精确识别相邻非平行主副隧道的变形特征。此外，系统探讨了施工顺序、施工方式、开挖步距对隧道结构力学性能和地层稳定性的影响机制。结果表明，随着相邻非平行副隧道的向上开挖，主隧道顶板的扰动沉降逐渐减小；同时，随着主、副隧道竖向标高差的增大，主隧道衬砌承受的主应力逐渐向副隧道衬砌转移。6号辅助隧道与风亭的开挖引起中间岩体突然相互变形和应力突然释放；因此，应特别注意其稳定性和加固。隧道群和通风竖井结构的变形主要发生在开挖过程中。施工方法和步长对隧道群拱顶变形和地表沉降有显著影响，而施工顺序主要影响单个隧道间的应力扰动。

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引用次数: 0

Intelligent and autonomous pipeline deposit tracking based on a multi-object tracking framework 基于多目标跟踪框架的管道沉积物智能自主跟踪

IF 7.4 1区工程技术 Q1 CONSTRUCTION & BUILDING TECHNOLOGY

Tunnelling and Underground Space Technology

Pub Date : 2026-01-21 DOI: 10.1016/j.tust.2026.107463

Louis Ngai Yuen Wong , Sihao Yu , Kazaf Yuen Pan Wong

Pipelines play a significant role in transferring energies, materials and fulfilling public needs. However, conventional pipeline maintenance approaches predominantly depend on human inspection of captured closed circuit television (CCTV) records, a process that is particularly labor-intensive and time-consuming for lengthy pipelines. To address these limitations, this study proposes an autonomous framework based on the multi-object tracking (MOT) algorithm for efficient and accurate deposit detection and tracking within pipelines, significantly reducing the need for manual intervention. The proposed MOT model has been trained and validated on a customized pipe CCTV dataset, consisting of more than 12,000 video frames. The experimental results indicate that the combination of YOLOX (for detection) and BYTE (for tracking) achieves the highest MOTA, IDF1 and HOTA among all the tested models, with values of 87.4 %, 90.1 % and 78.7 %, respectively. Further testing conducted on a real-world sewer pipeline project demonstrates the robustness of our model. The estimation error of the deposit location predicted by the MOT model is less than ± 0.1 m, with a mean absolute error of only 0.06 m. These findings highlight the substantial advantages of the autonomous MOT system over manual methods, including improved efficiency, consistent accuracy and reduced labor demands, thus demonstrating its reliability and significant application potential for practical engineering practice.

管道在输送能源、物资和满足公众需求方面发挥着重要作用。然而，传统的管道维护方法主要依赖于人工检查捕获的闭路电视（CCTV）记录，对于长管道来说，这一过程特别劳动密集且耗时。为了解决这些限制，本研究提出了一种基于多目标跟踪（MOT）算法的自主框架，用于高效准确地检测和跟踪管道内的沉积物，大大减少了人工干预的需要。提出的MOT模型已经在一个定制的管道CCTV数据集上进行了训练和验证，该数据集包含超过12,000个视频帧。实验结果表明，YOLOX（用于检测）和BYTE（用于跟踪）组合的MOTA、IDF1和HOTA值在所有测试模型中最高，分别为87.4%、90.1%和78.7%。在实际污水管道项目上进行的进一步测试证明了我们模型的稳健性。MOT模型预测的矿床位置估计误差小于±0.1 m，平均绝对误差仅为0.06 m。这些发现突出了自主MOT系统相对于人工方法的巨大优势，包括提高效率、保持一致的准确性和减少劳动力需求，从而证明了其可靠性和在实际工程实践中的重大应用潜力。

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引用次数: 0

Structural fire behavior of tunnel sections: assessing the effects of full burnout and spalling effects 隧道断面结构火灾行为：评估完全燃尽和剥落效应的影响

IF 7.4 1区工程技术 Q1 CONSTRUCTION & BUILDING TECHNOLOGY

Tunnelling and Underground Space Technology

Pub Date : 2026-01-21 DOI: 10.1016/j.tust.2026.107461

Amin Emadi , Nima Tajik , Alexandre Gomes , Negar Elhami-Khorasani

This paper outlines a study to evaluate the structural response of a reinforced concrete (RC) tunnel lining subjected to a full-burnout RABT ZTV (train) fire using a coupled thermo-mechanical finite element model that simultaneously accounts for soil-structure interaction, cooling phase of fire, and concrete spalling, aspects often neglected in performance evaluations. A simplified, rate-based spalling model to bound outcomes (no-spalling maps to lower bound; spalling maps to upper bound) is implemented, and damage is classified using four indicators: reinforcement temperature, depth of concrete above 300°C, residual displacements, and cracking potential on the soil-facing side. Results show that spalling increases heat penetration and shifts damage class: circumferential rebar peaks at about 650°C with spalling versus about 400°C without; the heated-concrete depth above 300°C increases from 75 mm to 105 mm; and peak steel temperature occurs during cooling, underscoring the need to model the cooling phase. Soil stiffness mainly affects residual crown displacements (dense: 5 mm; loose: 9 mm) but does not change damage class for the considered case study, and no cracking was found on the unexposed side. The framework supports post-fire assessment and performance-based design of tunnel linings where spalling risk is non-negligible, acknowledging the use of a uniform spalling representation with a 2D plane-strain model.

本文概述了一项研究，以评估钢筋混凝土（RC）隧道衬砌在完全燃烧的RABT ZTV（火车）火灾下的结构响应，使用耦合热-力学有限元模型，同时考虑土-结构相互作用，火灾冷却阶段和混凝土剥落，这些方面在性能评估中经常被忽视。采用了一种简化的、基于速率的剥落模型来约束结果（无剥落映射到下界，剥落映射到上界），并使用四个指标对损伤进行分类：钢筋温度、300°C以上的混凝土深度、残余位移和面向土侧的开裂潜力。结果表明，剥落增加了热渗透并改变了损伤等级：剥落时，钢筋在650°C左右达到峰值，而在400°C左右没有剥落；300℃以上的加热混凝土深度由75 mm增加到105 mm；而钢的温度峰值发生在冷却期间，这就强调了对冷却阶段进行建模的必要性。土壤刚度主要影响残余树冠位移（密实：5mm；松散：9mm），但不会改变所考虑的案例研究的损伤等级，未暴露侧未发现开裂。该框架支持火灾后评估和基于性能的隧道衬砌设计，其中剥落风险不可忽略，承认使用统一的剥落表示和二维平面应变模型。

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引用次数: 0

Mechanical transmission analysis of thrust systems of shield tunneling machines 盾构掘进机推力系统的机械传动分析

IF 7.4 1区工程技术 Q1 CONSTRUCTION & BUILDING TECHNOLOGY

Tunnelling and Underground Space Technology

Pub Date : 2026-01-20 DOI: 10.1016/j.tust.2026.107465

Xuyang Wang , Dajun Yuan , Yong Fang , Dalong Jin , Yubo Wang

As the critical actuation subsystem, the shield thrust system performs dual essential functions: propelling the machine against ground resistance and enabling precise pose adjustments for alignment with the designed tunnel axis. This study develops a mechanical model for shield machines, integrating the principle of virtual work to derive the force Jacobian matrix of thrust mechanisms. Force and moment transmission ellipsoids that geometrically quantify the thrust system’s capability are further constructed to generate terminal effector forces. Finally, combined with a case analysis, the mechanical transmission performance of the shield thrust system in different pose (position and attitude) states is discussed. The model proposed in this study can provide some assistance in thrust system design based on the driving forces and moments required for shield tunneling.

作为关键的驱动子系统，盾构推力系统执行双重基本功能：推动机器对抗地面阻力，并实现与设计的隧道轴线对齐的精确姿态调整。本文建立了盾构机的力学模型，结合虚功原理推导出推力机构的力雅可比矩阵。进一步构建了力和力矩传递椭球，以几何量化推力系统的能力，以产生末端效应器力。最后，结合实例分析，讨论了盾构推力系统在不同位姿（位置和姿态）状态下的机械传动性能。该模型可为盾构掘进所需动力和力矩的推力系统设计提供参考。

引用次数: 0

Safety performance evaluation of tunnel with void behind lining using an artificial neural network 基于人工神经网络的衬砌后空隧道安全性能评价

IF 7.4 1区工程技术 Q1 CONSTRUCTION & BUILDING TECHNOLOGY

Tunnelling and Underground Space Technology

Pub Date : 2026-01-19 DOI: 10.1016/j.tust.2026.107467

Guoshuai Wei , Xuepeng Zhang , Yujing Jiang , Ningbo Li , Bo Li , Zhenyu Xu

The presence of voids behind tunnel linings can have a substantial impact on the safety performance of the tunnel. An accurate and quick evaluation for the tunnel safety performance is of significant importance for the maintenance of the infrastructure. In the current study, the minimum relative safety coefficient is proposed to evaluate the safety performance of the lining, and an artificial neural network is applied to predict the safety performance of tunnel with void behind lining. Firstly, the numerical simulations verified by physical model tests were employed to examine how the void defects affect the safety performance of the lining. Key findings indicate that void defects instigate substantial alterations in the distribution of inner force. The dangerous points are primarily concentrated in the void and its vicinity or the arch foot. Furthermore, the numerical simulation test scheme is generated using an orthogonal test design, thereby avoiding the omission of extreme working conditions that pose a danger. Finally, an artificial neural network model is proposed to predict the safety performance based on the results of numerical simulation. Nine factors are considered as input variables including the location of void, the circumferential length of void, the radial length of void, the longitudinal length of void, the buried depth of tunnel, the lateral pressure coefficient, the surrounding rock class, the lining concrete class, and the deterioration degree of lining, while the minimum relative safety coefficient is considered as the output variable. The accuracy of the prediction model could reach up to 97.53%, illustrating its effectiveness of evaluating the safety performance of defected tunnels.

隧道衬砌后空洞的存在会对隧道的安全性能产生重大影响。准确、快速地评价隧道安全性能对基础设施的维护具有重要意义。本文采用最小相对安全系数来评价衬砌的安全性能，并应用人工神经网络对衬砌后空隧道的安全性能进行预测。首先，采用物理模型试验验证的数值模拟方法，研究了孔洞缺陷对衬砌安全性能的影响。关键发现表明，空洞缺陷引起内力分布的实质性改变。危险点主要集中在空洞及其附近或拱脚。另外，数值模拟试验方案采用正交试验设计生成，避免了对具有危险的极端工况的遗漏。最后，在数值模拟结果的基础上，提出了人工神经网络模型对安全性能进行预测。将孔洞位置、孔洞周向长度、孔洞径向长度、孔洞纵向长度、隧道埋深、侧压力系数、围岩等级、衬砌混凝土等级、衬砌劣化程度9个因素作为输入变量，将最小相对安全系数作为输出变量。该预测模型的预测精度可达97.53%，说明了该模型对缺陷隧道安全性能评价的有效性。

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引用次数: 0

3D response analysis of tunnels in layered media subjected to asynchronous ground motions using MLM-DRM 基于MLM-DRM的层状介质隧道在异步地震动作用下的三维响应分析

IF 7.4 1区工程技术 Q1 CONSTRUCTION & BUILDING TECHNOLOGY

Tunnelling and Underground Space Technology

Pub Date : 2026-01-19 DOI: 10.1016/j.tust.2026.107470

Bhavesh Banjare, Goudappa Ramanagouda Dodagoudar

Underground tunnels are crucial parts of modern urban infrastructure and are used for a wide range of applications worldwide. Tunnels situated in layered soil media respond differently to seismic loads compared to surface structures. Historically, earthquakes have caused major damage to tunnels, including cracks in the lining, joint separation, leaks, and even collapse. Most previous studies have focused on the plane strain response of tunnels. However, these 2D analyses cannot explain the 3D deformation patterns seen in tunnels near earthquake faults or scenarios where the properties of the tunnel/soil, or the seismic wavefield, vary along the tunnel axis. Factors such as wave passage effects, layered geology, and fault inclinations greatly impact the dynamic response of tunnels during earthquakes. To address these issues, a more accurate and robust approach involving asynchronous excitation is necessary to account for the spatial variability of seismic forces. A Multi-Layer Modified Domain Reduced Method (MLM-DRM) is extended in this study, which reduces computational time and cost while maintaining high modeling accuracy. Three tunnel cross-sections at different locations in layered media are analyzed to show how variations in geometric and geotechnical parameters affect seismic performance. The von Mises stress distribution around the tunnel circumference is examined at various time steps to observe transient stress evolution. Response spectra are evaluated at different locations of tunnel circumference. The results highlight the significance of geological stratification, spatial wave propagation, and fault inclination in determining tunnel behavior under seismic loads, providing essential insights for advancing seismic design practices that enhance tunnel resilience, operational safety, and serviceability during and after earthquakes.

地下隧道是现代城市基础设施的重要组成部分，在世界范围内有着广泛的应用。与地面结构相比，位于层状土介质中的隧道对地震荷载的响应不同。从历史上看，地震对隧道造成了重大破坏，包括衬砌裂缝，接缝分离，泄漏，甚至倒塌。以往的研究大多集中在隧道的平面应变响应上。然而，这些二维分析不能解释在地震断层附近的隧道中看到的三维变形模式，也不能解释隧道/土壤性质或地震波场沿隧道轴线变化的情况。波通道效应、层状地质和断层倾角等因素对隧道地震动力响应有很大影响。为了解决这些问题，需要一种涉及异步激励的更准确和稳健的方法来解释地震力的空间变异性。本文扩展了一种多层修正域约简方法（MLM-DRM），减少了计算时间和成本，同时保持了较高的建模精度。分析了层状介质中不同位置的三个隧道截面，以显示几何和岩土参数的变化如何影响抗震性能。在不同的时间步长下检测了隧道周长周围的von Mises应力分布，以观察瞬态应力演化。计算了隧道周长不同位置的响应谱。研究结果强调了地质分层、空间波传播和断层倾角在地震荷载下决定隧道行为的重要性，为推进地震设计实践提供了重要见解，从而提高隧道在地震期间和地震后的弹性、运行安全性和可维护性。

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引用次数: 0