Tunnelling and Underground Space Technology最新文献_第6页

SBAS-InSAR analysis for ground settlement in longest railway tunnel in South Korea 韩国最长铁路隧道地面沉降的SBAS-InSAR分析

IF 7.4 1区工程技术 Q1 CONSTRUCTION & BUILDING TECHNOLOGY

Tunnelling and Underground Space Technology

Pub Date : 2025-12-29 DOI: 10.1016/j.tust.2025.107408

Minsung Hong , Lang Fu , Jong-Sub Lee , Taeyong Park , Hyungjoon Seo

This study monitored the ground settlement by Sentinel-1A satellite data in in a railway tunnel located in South Korea. The tunnel, known as the Yulhyeon Tunnel, consists of four sections: the station itself, a cut-and-cover tunnel, a cut-and-cover box, and an excavation tunnel. To analyze the long-term ground deformation after construction, C-band satellite data were collected from 2018 to 2025, and the SBAS-InSAR technique was applied to process the data and estimate the ground settlement. The analysis of ground settlement resulted in time-series settlement curves for all four sections, and the settlement changes over the 7 years were analyzed. The average settlement over 7 years for each section was approximately 0.07 mm/yr uplift at the SRT Suseo Station section, 2.42 mm/yr settlement at the cut-and-cover tunnel section, 0.64 mm/yr settlement at the cut-and-cover BOX section, 1.67 mm/yr settlement at the entrance section of the excavation tunnel, and 0.24 mm/yr settlement beyond the entrance section, respectively. In the surrounding areas of the tunnel, ground settlement on the west side was observed to be similar to or greater than that above the tunnel, while settlement on the east side tended to decrease with distance from the tunnel. This study demonstrates the effectiveness of SBAS-InSAR technology in monitoring ground deformation, providing valuable data for assessing the stability of the tunnel and its surrounding areas, and allowing long-term analysis of settlement due to excavation over a wide area.

本研究利用Sentinel-1A卫星数据监测了韩国铁路隧道的地面沉降情况。该隧道被称为“榆岘隧道”，由车站本身、切盖隧道、切盖箱、挖掘隧道等4个部分组成。为了分析建设后的长期地面变形，采集了2018 - 2025年c波段卫星数据，采用SBAS-InSAR技术对数据进行处理并估算地面沉降。通过对地面沉降的分析，得到了4个断面的时间序列沉降曲线，并分析了7年来的沉降变化。各断面7年平均沉降量分别为：SRT水西站段的沉降量约为0.07 mm/yr，坑道段的沉降量约为2.42 mm/yr，坑道段的沉降量约为0.64 mm/yr，坑道入口段的沉降量约为1.67 mm/yr，入口段以外的沉降量约为0.24 mm/yr。在隧道周边区域，西侧的地面沉降与隧道上方相似或大于隧道上方，而东侧的沉降则随距离隧道的远近而减小。这项研究证明了SBAS-InSAR技术在监测地面变形方面的有效性，为评估隧道及其周边地区的稳定性提供了有价值的数据，并允许对大范围开挖引起的沉降进行长期分析。

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引用次数: 0

Automating graphical analysis in ground classification: A cluster-metrics-based approach 地面分类中的自动化图形分析：基于聚类度量的方法

IF 7.4 1区工程技术 Q1 CONSTRUCTION & BUILDING TECHNOLOGY

Tunnelling and Underground Space Technology

Pub Date : 2025-12-29 DOI: 10.1016/j.tust.2025.107405

Beatriz G. Klink , Timothy Mulumba , Herbert Einstein , Rita Leal Sousa

This paper presents a novel approach to automated ground classification in Tunnel Boring Machine (TBM) operations, leveraging scatter plot analysis and machine learning. The proposed approach is transition-aware and utilizes a metrics feature engineering approach (including cluster metrics) to characterize the visual properties of TBM parameter scatter plots. By extracting features that capture spatial patterns and cluster characteristics in operational parameter relationships, our method provides real-time classification capabilities via a complementary suite of machine learning models spanning ensemble, kernel, boosting, and neural paradigms. The approach is benchmarked against a simpler baseline that uses only per-ring averages of TBM parameters (which achieves 76% accuracy) and demonstrates that our clustering-based feature extraction boosts classification accuracy to 91%. Beyond higher accuracy, our approach offers robust performance in ground condition transitions and improved insight into the TBM’s underlying operational patterns.

本文提出了一种基于散点图分析和机器学习的隧道掘进机自动分类方法。所提出的方法是过渡感知的，并利用度量特征工程方法（包括聚类度量）来表征TBM参数散点图的视觉特性。通过提取在操作参数关系中捕获空间模式和聚类特征的特征，我们的方法通过一套互补的机器学习模型（包括集成、核、增强和神经范式）提供实时分类能力。该方法基于一个更简单的基线进行基准测试，该基线仅使用TBM参数的每环平均值（达到76%的准确率），并证明我们基于聚类的特征提取将分类准确率提高到91%。除了更高的精度之外，我们的方法在地面条件转换方面提供了强大的性能，并提高了对TBM潜在操作模式的洞察力。

引用次数: 0

Dynamic response of density-graded ice-rich frozen soil under impact loading in frozen shafts: an experimental, theoretical, and numerical study 冻结竖井冲击荷载下密度分级富冰冻土的动力响应：实验、理论和数值研究

IF 7.4 1区工程技术 Q1 CONSTRUCTION & BUILDING TECHNOLOGY

Tunnelling and Underground Space Technology

Pub Date : 2025-12-29 DOI: 10.1016/j.tust.2025.107401

Huasong Xiang , Zhiwu Zhu , Zhanfan Chunyu , Tao Li , Zhengqiang Cheng

Naturally occurring ice-rich frozen soils exhibit pronounced density gradients along the gravitational direction and are inherently susceptible to dynamic loading caused by engineering construction. To investigate their dynamic mechanical response under impact loading, Split Hopkinson Pressure Bar (SHPB) tests were conducted on ice-rich frozen soil specimens with four different volumetric ice contents (64 %, 68 %, 73 %, and 79 %). Using the Laplace transform and the law of mixtures, a one-dimensional longitudinal elastic wave equation in the form of a Bessel function was derived to describe stress propagation and quantify density gradients. Based on the experiments and the theoretical derivation of the gradient coefficient, a numerical model of density-graded ice-rich frozen soil was developed using the discrete element method (DEM) and coupled with the finite difference method (FDM) to simulate impact tests. The results indicated that all specimens, with varying ice contents, reached stress equilibrium under impact loading, with peak strength and failure patterns primarily influenced by ice content and strain rate. With increasing ice contents, the corresponding gradient coefficients were 0.011, 0.08, 0.17, and 0.28. The numerical model, with unified mesoscopic parameters, was validated by comparing its output with test results. Additionally, the study revealed the crack evolution in ice-rich frozen soils as functions of ice content, gradient coefficient, and strain rate. The findings enhance the understanding of dynamic mechanical behavior of density-graded ice-rich frozen soils and offer practical guidance for frozen soil engineering applications.

天然富冰冻土在重力方向上具有明显的密度梯度，并且固有地易受工程建设引起的动荷载的影响。为了研究它们在冲击载荷下的动态力学响应，对四种不同体积冰含量（64%、68%、73%和79%）的富冰冻土试样进行了劈裂霍普金森压杆（SHPB）试验。利用拉普拉斯变换和混合定律，导出了描述应力传播和密度梯度的贝塞尔函数形式的一维纵向弹性波动方程。在试验和梯度系数理论推导的基础上，采用离散元法（DEM）和有限差分法（FDM）建立了密度梯度富冰冻土的数值模型，并进行了冲击试验模拟。结果表明：不同含冰量的试件在冲击荷载作用下均达到应力平衡，峰值强度和破坏模式主要受含冰量和应变速率的影响；随着冰含量的增加，相应的梯度系数分别为0.011、0.08、0.17和0.28。通过与试验结果的对比，验证了具有统一细观参数的数值模型的正确性。此外，研究还揭示了含冰量、梯度系数和应变速率对富冰冻土裂缝演化的影响。研究结果增强了对密度级配富冰冻土动态力学特性的认识，为冻土工程应用提供了实践指导。

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引用次数: 0

Mechanical behavior of disjointed concrete pipes under combined traffic loads and groundwater fluctuations 交通荷载和地下水波动联合作用下混凝土断口管道的力学行为

IF 7.4 1区工程技术 Q1 CONSTRUCTION & BUILDING TECHNOLOGY

Tunnelling and Underground Space Technology

Pub Date : 2025-12-27 DOI: 10.1016/j.tust.2025.107414

Peng Xie , Junling Bu , Yulin Yang , Bin Li

Frequent road collapses in Guangzhou, China, have been linked to disjoints in underground drainage pipes. Clarifying the mechanical behavior of disjointed pipes under complex service conditions is of critical significance for targeted rehabilitation. This study focuses on concrete drainage pipes during the initial stage of disjoint, wherein significant erosion of the surrounding soil has not yet developed. The combined effects of traffic loads and groundwater level fluctuations were considered. Full-scale model box tests and 3D refined numerical simulations were conducted to systematically investigate the influence of disjoint on the mechanical behavior of the concrete pipe. Further parametric analyses were conducted to examine the effects of traffic load magnitude, soil cover depth, groundwater level, pipe diameter, and dislocation length on the hoop bending moments at the bell and spigot. The results demonstrate that disjointing induces stress concentration at the bell and spigot joints, with the maximum vertical displacement and hoop bending moment increasing by 12 % and 837 % compared to intact pipes. Increases in traffic load from 0.5 to 1.0 MPa and pipe diameters from 400 to 600 mm significantly amplify the hoop bending moments at both the bell and spigot joints. In contrast, greater soil cover depth and elevated groundwater levels substantially mitigate these moments. Disjoint length has a nonlinear influence, with bell moment peaking and then declining, while the spigot moment continues to rise, reaching a 135 % increase.

中国广州频繁发生的道路坍塌与地下排水管道断裂有关。弄清断裂管道在复杂使用条件下的力学行为对有针对性的修复具有重要意义。本研究的重点是混凝土排水管处于断裂初期，此时对周围土壤还没有形成明显的侵蚀。考虑了交通荷载和地下水位波动的综合影响。通过全尺寸模型箱试验和三维精细化数值模拟，系统研究了断裂对混凝土管道力学性能的影响。进一步进行了参数化分析，考察了交通荷载大小、土壤覆盖深度、地下水位、管径、位错长度等因素对钟口和插口弯矩的影响。结果表明：与完整管柱相比，分离后管柱钟形和承形处应力集中，最大垂直位移和弯矩分别增加了12%和837%；当交通载荷从0.5 MPa增加到1.0 MPa，管径从400 mm增加到600 mm时，钟形接头和承插接头的弯矩都显著增大。相比之下，更大的土壤覆盖深度和更高的地下水位大大减轻了这些时刻。断接长度具有非线性影响，钟形矩达到峰值后下降，而柱塞矩持续上升，增幅达135%。

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引用次数: 0

Engineering mitigation of submicron dust in high-altitude tunnels: investigation of the mechanism and development of an intelligent “Plateau Lung” suppression system 高海拔隧道亚微米粉尘工程治理：智能“高原肺”抑制系统机理研究与开发

IF 7.4 1区工程技术 Q1 CONSTRUCTION & BUILDING TECHNOLOGY

Tunnelling and Underground Space Technology

Pub Date : 2025-12-27 DOI: 10.1016/j.tust.2025.107400

Jiaxun Huang , Jiangshi Zhang , Yuanjin Wu , Wei Zhao , Xiangyou Gui , Pengcheng Liu

Occupational health risks posed by submicron dust during high-altitude tunnel construction are increasingly prominent, necessitating in-depth and systematic research on its suspension characteristics and control technologies. This urgency stems from the tunnel’s unique operational environment: low atmospheric pressure and limited ventilation significantly alter the transport and sedimentation of submicron particles, while the capture efficiency of existing dust removal technologies for these fine particles remains inadequate. Based on an actual tunnel project in Tibet (elevation 3415 m), this study integrated field sampling with laboratory-based experimental analysis to characterize the physicochemical properties of submicron dust in high-altitude tunnel environments. By introducing the Saffman lift mechanism, a diffusion dynamics model was established to reveal the migration and distribution patterns of dust under various altitude and ventilation conditions. Based on this mechanistic understanding, an intelligent wet dust suppression technology was developed, capable of inducing the coagulation and sedimentation of submicron dust over a large tunnel space and forming an isolation mist curtain. Findings demonstrate that as altitude increases, the settling velocity of submicron dust in the vertical direction significantly increases, yet it maintains a notable suspended persistence. Appropriately increasing ventilation velocity helps reduce dust concentration at the tunnel face region but tends to cause dust accumulation in rear sections (beyond 100 m from the face). To address these challenges, this study proposed an integrated suppression strategy coupling ultrafine dry mist (droplet size <10 μm) with wind-assisted jetting. Furthermore, an intelligent control method was introduced, utilizing real-time dust concentration monitoring and sensor feedback to autonomously regulate the dust suppression equipment, thereby enhancing the system’s adaptability and operational efficiency. Field tests showed that this technology achieves a submicron dust sedimentation efficiency of 81.8 %–88.6 % within 250 m from the tunnel face, significantly mitigating occupational health risks for construction workers in high-altitude tunnels. By providing a novel technological approach and theoretical basis for dust control in plateau environments, this research addresses a critical challenge in occupational health and safety, thereby directly contributing to the formulation of robust safety protocols and the revision of pertinent health standards for high-altitude tunnel construction.

高空隧道施工中亚微米粉尘对职业健康的危害日益突出，有必要对其悬浮特性及控制技术进行深入系统的研究。这种紧迫性源于隧道独特的运行环境：低气压和有限的通风大大改变了亚微米颗粒的运输和沉积，而现有的除尘技术对这些细颗粒的捕获效率仍然不足。以西藏某实际隧道工程（海拔3415 m）为研究对象，采用现场采样与室内实验分析相结合的方法，研究了高海拔隧道环境中亚微米粉尘的物理化学性质。通过引入Saffman升力机制，建立了扬尘扩散动力学模型，揭示了扬尘在不同海拔和通风条件下的迁移和分布规律。基于这种机理的理解，开发了一种智能湿法抑尘技术，该技术能够诱导亚微米粉尘在较大的隧道空间上凝聚和沉降，并形成隔离雾幕。结果表明：随着海拔高度的增加，亚微米粉尘在垂直方向上的沉降速度显著增加，但仍保持着显著的悬浮持久性。适当增加通风速度有助于降低隧道工作面区域的粉尘浓度，但容易造成隧道后段（距离工作面100米以上）的粉尘积聚。为了解决这些问题，本研究提出了一种将超细干雾（液滴尺寸<；10 μm）与风助喷射相结合的综合抑制策略。提出了一种智能控制方法，利用实时粉尘浓度监测和传感器反馈对抑尘设备进行自主调节，提高了系统的适应性和运行效率。现场试验表明，该技术在隧道工作面250 m范围内亚微米粉尘沉降效率可达81.8% ~ 88.6%，显著降低了高海拔隧道施工人员的职业健康风险。本研究为高原环境粉尘控制提供了新的技术途径和理论基础，解决了高原环境中职业健康与安全的关键挑战，从而直接有助于制定可靠的安全协议和修订相关的高原隧道施工卫生标准。

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引用次数: 0

Validating the effectiveness of the forced-extraction circulatory oxygen supply method in high-altitude tunnels via numerical simulation and field measurements 通过数值模拟和现场实测，验证了高海拔隧道强制抽取循环供氧方法的有效性

IF 7.4 1区工程技术 Q1 CONSTRUCTION & BUILDING TECHNOLOGY

Tunnelling and Underground Space Technology

Pub Date : 2025-12-27 DOI: 10.1016/j.tust.2025.107413

Shulei Zhao , Sixun Wen , Zongcheng Guo , Yalin Guo , Dong Li , Shuaishuai Wang , Chun Guo

To address the challenges of low oxygen utilization efficiency and uneven oxygen distribution in traditional oxygen-supply methods for high-altitude tunnel construction, this study proposes an innovative forced-extraction circulatory oxygen-supply method based on an actual engineering project. Overcoming the limitations of previous studies—mostly restricted to theoretical analyses and scaled experiments—a full-scale field test, complemented by numerical simulations, was conducted for the first time. A comprehensive validation framework was established to evaluate the method’s performance in oxygen-supply efficiency, environmental adaptability, workers’ physiological improvement, and engineering economics. The results show that the system effectively established a stable oxygen-enriched environment in the tunnel. Under optimal conditions—forced-duct wind speed of 10 m/s, oxygen concentration of 0.15 kg/s, forced extraction ratio of 1, and duct-outlet distance of 15 m—the oxygen concentration increased by 19.95 % compared with the diffusion method. CO and dust concentrations met safety standards within 30 min after blasting, and pollutant levels remained within limits during mucking. Physiological monitoring showed reductions in workers’ energy metabolism rate (5.85 %–13.59 %) and heart rate (4.24 %–11.48 %), and an increase in blood oxygen saturation (0.70 %–1.97 %), improving efficiency by 13.6 % and saving 5.26 million RMB. This study offers an efficient and practical oxygen-supply solution for high-altitude tunnel construction, demonstrating substantial engineering value and real-world significance.

针对传统高海拔隧道施工供氧方式存在的氧气利用效率低、氧气分布不均匀等问题，本研究结合工程实际，提出了一种创新的强制抽取循环供氧方法。克服了以往研究的局限——主要局限于理论分析和规模实验——首次进行了全面的现场试验，并辅以数值模拟。建立了一个综合验证框架，从供氧效率、环境适应性、工人生理改善和工程经济性等方面评价该方法的性能。结果表明，该系统有效地在隧道内建立了稳定的富氧环境。在强制风道风速为10 m/s，氧气浓度为0.15 kg/s，强制抽提比为1，管道出口距离为15 m的最佳条件下，氧气浓度比扩散法提高了19.95%。CO和粉尘浓度在爆破后30分钟内达到安全标准，在排渣过程中污染物水平保持在限制范围内。生理监测结果显示，工人能量代谢率（5.85% ~ 13.59%）和心率（4.24% ~ 11.48%）下降，血氧饱和度（0.70% ~ 1.97%）升高，工作效率提高13.6%，节约成本526万元。本研究为高海拔隧道施工提供了一种高效实用的供氧方案，具有重要的工程价值和现实意义。

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引用次数: 0

Advantages of geopolymers in rock joint grouting reinforcement: experimental study and peak shear strength model 地聚合物在岩缝注浆加固中的优势：试验研究及峰值抗剪强度模型

IF 7.4 1区工程技术 Q1 CONSTRUCTION & BUILDING TECHNOLOGY

Tunnelling and Underground Space Technology

Pub Date : 2025-12-26 DOI: 10.1016/j.tust.2025.107395

Kai Zhang , Haifeng Lu , Mingyue Jing , Xiaoxuan Kong

Modern geotechnical engineering stability and reinforcement strategies demand higher mechanical performance from grouting materials to address complex loading conditions. This study used traditional Portland cement (PC) and a novel multi-source solid waste geopolymer (MWG) to reinforce rock joints. Based on obtaining joint surface three-dimensional morphology parameters, a more accurate improved calculation model for peak shear strength (PSS) of grouted joints was established by comprehensively considering grouting filling effects, bonding actions, and transitions in interface frictional properties. The results indicate that the grout-rock interface cohesion c₀ for PC grouted joints is 1.681 MPa, the filling fitting parameter k is 2.613, and the basic friction angle φ^’_b is 38.44°. For MWG grouted joints, the corresponding parameters are 2.435 MPa, 0.344, and 39.04°, respectively, with all parameters contributing better results for PSS compared to PC. As normal stress increases, the failure mode of MWG grouting consolidation transitions from interfacial failure to internal shear failure, with the shear mechanism shifting from bond-controlled to friction-controlled. These findings highlight the decisive role of grout material performance in the shear mechanics behavior of rock joints. Microstructurally, the MWG gel exhibits a continuous and dense block-like structure that achieves full filling of the joint. This significantly reduces micro-defects in the grout-rock interfacial transition zone and establishes good bonding with the rock wall. The findings enrich the grouting reinforcement theory system and provide scientific references for the promotion and application of MWG materials.

现代岩土工程稳定性和加固策略对注浆材料的力学性能提出了更高的要求，以应对复杂的荷载条件。采用传统的硅酸盐水泥（PC）和新型多源固体废物地聚合物（MWG）对岩石节理进行加固。在获取节理表面三维形态参数的基础上，综合考虑注浆充填效应、粘结作用和界面摩擦特性转变等因素，建立了更为精确的注浆节理峰值抗剪强度改进计算模型。结果表明：PC注浆节理的胶岩界面黏聚力c0为1.681 MPa，充填拟合参数k为2.613，基本摩擦角φ′b为38.44°；对于MWG注浆节点，相应的参数分别为2.435 MPa、0.344°和39.04°，所有参数对PSS的影响均优于PC。随着法向应力的增大，MWG注浆固结破坏模式由界面破坏转变为内部剪切破坏，剪切机制由粘结控制转变为摩擦控制。这些发现突出了浆液材料性能在岩石节理剪切力学行为中的决定性作用。微观结构上，MWG凝胶呈现连续致密的块状结构，实现了对接头的充分填充。这大大减少了浆液-岩石界面过渡区内的微缺陷，并与岩壁建立了良好的粘结。研究结果丰富了注浆加固理论体系，为MWG材料的推广应用提供了科学参考。

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引用次数: 0

Precursor response mechanism of tunnel water surge in water-rich fault fracture zones based on similar physical model 基于相似物理模型的富水断层破碎带隧道水涌前兆响应机制

IF 7.4 1区工程技术 Q1 CONSTRUCTION & BUILDING TECHNOLOGY

Tunnelling and Underground Space Technology

Pub Date : 2025-12-26 DOI: 10.1016/j.tust.2025.107403

Chenyu Wang , Dongming Zhang , Wei Zhong , Cancan Chen , Fei Wang , Jingjing Wei

Tunnel water surge of fault fracture zone poses a threat to tunnel engineering safety. To understand the water surge mechanism during excavation, a tunnel similar physical model is constructed by similarity theory. And water surge tests during excavation are conducted to analyze disaster precursors response characteristics. It is studied that the tunnel remained stable in the early excavation time. Small-scale water surge occurs during the 27th excavation, while three large-scale water surge events happen during the 33^rd–35th. Under combined disturbance from excavation and groundwater, surrounding rock stress and displacement first stabilizes, then fluctuates significantly—features that can serve as precursor criteria for water surge disasters. Based on Janssen silo theory, the critical anti-outburst thickness

S

calculation model for tunnel water surge is developed. It reveals that groundwater pressure and rock fragmentation exert the greatest influence on

S

. The model-calculated

S = 6.56 m

shows an error of only 5.30 % against tunnel field data, verifying the reliability of anti-outburst measure parameter optimization. The water surge evolution in fault tunnels is divided into three stages: stable, accumulation, and water-surge, with the accumulation stage being critical for implementing anti-outburst measures. In this study, anti-outburst thickness

S

calculation and water surge evolution analysis can provide support for water surge protection in fault fracture zone tunnels.

断层破碎带隧道涌水对隧道工程安全构成威胁。为了解开挖过程中水涌机理，利用相似理论建立了隧道相似物理模型。并进行开挖过程中水涌试验，分析灾害前兆响应特征。研究表明，隧道在开挖初期保持稳定。第27次开挖发生了小规模的水涌，第33 ~ 35次开挖发生了3次大规模的水涌。在开挖和地下水的共同扰动下，围岩应力和位移先稳定后显著波动，这些特征可以作为水波灾害的前兆判据。基于杨森筒仓理论，建立了隧道水涌临界抗突出厚度S计算模型。模型计算的S=6.56m与隧道现场数据的误差仅为5.30%，验证了抗突出措施参数优化的可靠性。断层隧道突水演化可分为稳定、聚集和突水三个阶段，聚集阶段是实施防突措施的关键阶段。本研究的抗突厚度S计算和水波演化分析可为断层破碎带隧道的水波防护提供依据。

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引用次数: 0

Distribution characteristics and spatial correlation analysis of defects in in-service metro shield tunnels: A case study 在役地铁盾构隧道缺陷分布特征及空间相关性分析

IF 7.4 1区工程技术 Q1 CONSTRUCTION & BUILDING TECHNOLOGY

Tunnelling and Underground Space Technology

Pub Date : 2025-12-26 DOI: 10.1016/j.tust.2025.107397

Xuyang Wang , Yubo Wang , Yi Yang , Yong Fang , Bin Zhuo

Metro shield tunnels in service are often plagued by interconnected defects that undermine structural integrity and operational safety. This study focuses on an 18.5-km metro tunnel with 8 years of operation, employing 3D laser scanning data to investigate five key defects including leakage, cracks, dislocations, spalling, and convergence. Statistical analysis is first conducted to characterize their occurrence frequencies and clustering patterns in the longitudinal and circumferential directions. Co-occurrence analysis quantifies spatial correlations, with strong coupling observed between convergence and the other defects. This confirms that root defects (convergence and dislocation) drive surface defects (leakage, cracks, and spalling), which is further validated by association rule mining. Additionally, full-ring numerical simulations are performed to elucidate the defect coupling mechanism. Finally, a hierarchical maintenance framework is proposed, which prioritizes surface defect remediation followed by root defect control. For instance, after addressing surface defects, immediate treatment of root defects is critical to prevent defect recurrence and ensure long-term tunnel safety through targeted, sequential interventions.

在役的地铁盾构隧道经常受到相互关联的缺陷的困扰，这些缺陷破坏了结构的完整性和运行安全。本研究以一条运行8年的18.5公里地铁隧道为研究对象，采用三维激光扫描数据对渗漏、裂缝、位错、剥落和会聚等5个关键缺陷进行了研究。首先进行了统计分析，表征了它们在纵向和周向上的发生频率和聚类模式。共现分析量化了空间相关性，在收敛和其他缺陷之间观察到强耦合。这证实了根部缺陷（收敛和错位）驱动表面缺陷（泄漏、裂纹和剥落），并通过关联规则挖掘进一步验证了这一点。此外，还进行了全环数值模拟，阐明了缺陷耦合机理。最后，提出了一种分层维护框架，该框架优先考虑表面缺陷修复，其次是根本缺陷控制。例如，在解决表面缺陷后，立即处理根部缺陷是防止缺陷复发的关键，通过有针对性的、顺序的干预措施确保隧道的长期安全。

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引用次数: 0

Mechanical response and damage evolution of surrounding rock in shallow-buried twin-arch tunnel under asymmetric loading with variable slope topography 变坡度浅埋双拱隧道不对称荷载作用下围岩力学响应及损伤演化

IF 7.4 1区工程技术 Q1 CONSTRUCTION & BUILDING TECHNOLOGY

Tunnelling and Underground Space Technology

Pub Date : 2025-12-25 DOI: 10.1016/j.tust.2025.107398

Wenjie Li, Xiang Fan, Yutian Zhang

In tunnel engineering, asymmetric loading stands as a key geomechanical factor triggering asymmetric deformation and progressive failure in surrounding rock. While previous studies have predominantly focused on single-tunnel bias or symmetric loading conditions, this work investigates the complex coupled system of ‘variable slope topography – shallow overburden – twin-arch structure’ as an independent research subject. Through an integrated methodology combining physical model testing with three-dimensional discrete element numerical simulation, we systematically examine the dynamic evolution of displacement and stress fields in surrounding rock during excavation of shallow twin-arch tunnels under asymmetric loading induced by variable slope surfaces. The results demonstrate that: (1) Under asymmetric loading, surface settlement follows a four-stage evolutionary pattern, with the settlement trough exhibiting a distinctly asymmetric profile compared to the classical Peck curve, and the maximum settlement shifting toward the shallow-buried side. (2) The release rate of surrounding rock pressure shows a positive correlation with excavation advance length, while significant stress concentration occurs at the tunnel haunch zones, revealing a newly identified ‘horizontal stress-dominated’ mechanism in lining axial forces. (3) The damage zone in surrounding rock extends toward the slope crest under asymmetric loading, with a significantly larger disturbed area compared to uniformly loaded conditions. Notably, this study finds that in shallow twin-arch tunnels under bias pressure, the bench-cut method outperforms the CD method in settlement control, effectively mitigating surrounding rock damage by reducing excavation phases and disturbance frequency.

在隧道工程中，不对称荷载是引发围岩不对称变形和进行性破坏的关键地质力学因素。以往的研究主要集中在单隧道偏置或对称荷载条件下，而本研究作为一个独立的研究课题，研究了“变坡地形-浅覆盖层-双拱结构”的复杂耦合系统。采用物理模型试验与三维离散元数值模拟相结合的方法，系统研究了浅埋双拱隧道在变坡面非对称荷载作用下开挖过程中围岩位移场和应力场的动态演化规律。结果表明：(1)在非对称荷载作用下，地表沉降遵循4阶段演化模式，沉降槽与经典Peck曲线相比呈现明显的非对称特征，最大沉降向浅埋侧移动；(2)围岩压力释放速率与开挖推进长度呈正相关，而巷道后端出现了显著的应力集中，揭示了衬砌轴向力的“水平应力主导”机制。(3)非对称加载条件下围岩损伤区向坡顶方向延伸，扰动面积明显大于均匀加载条件。值得注意的是，本研究发现，在偏压条件下的浅埋双拱隧道中，台阶切法在沉降控制方面优于CD法，通过减少开挖阶段和扰动频率，有效减轻了围岩破坏。

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引用次数: 0