Pub Date : 2026-01-20DOI: 10.1016/j.tws.2026.114562
X.B. Yan, X. Li, Y.R. Zhou, P.H. Wen
Functionally graded magneto-electro-elastic (FGMEE) materials are widely used in engineering and science due to their great importance in accurately simulating the static behaviors and dynamic responses of magneto-electro-elastic structures. This paper applies the Finite Block Method (FBM) of Lagrange interpolation polynomials with Chebyshev node distribution for the first time to study and solve two-dimensional FGMEE structures. The structure is functionally graded along the z-axis direction, and the discrete formulation for solving the two-dimensional FGMEE coupling problem is derived. The values of the displacements, electric, and magnetic potentials at the nodes are obtained through a set of linear algebraic equations established from the governing equations and boundary conditions. And the FBM with the Houbolt difference method is adopted to solve the dynamic response of FGMEE structures. The accuracy, convergence, and robustness of the FBM of Lagrange interpolation polynomials with Chebyshev node distribution are verified through several numerical cases, including FGMEE plates, layered sensor, and energy harvester, and by comparing with the numerical results of COMSOL.
{"title":"The static and dynamic analysis of functionally graded magneto-electro-elastic structures with finite block method","authors":"X.B. Yan, X. Li, Y.R. Zhou, P.H. Wen","doi":"10.1016/j.tws.2026.114562","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.tws.2026.114562","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Functionally graded magneto-electro-elastic (FGMEE) materials are widely used in engineering and science due to their great importance in accurately simulating the static behaviors and dynamic responses of magneto-electro-elastic structures. This paper applies the Finite Block Method (FBM) of Lagrange interpolation polynomials with Chebyshev node distribution for the first time to study and solve two-dimensional FGMEE structures. The structure is functionally graded along the <em>z</em>-axis direction, and the discrete formulation for solving the two-dimensional FGMEE coupling problem is derived. The values of the displacements, electric, and magnetic potentials at the nodes are obtained through a set of linear algebraic equations established from the governing equations and boundary conditions. And the FBM with the Houbolt difference method is adopted to solve the dynamic response of FGMEE structures. The accuracy, convergence, and robustness of the FBM of Lagrange interpolation polynomials with Chebyshev node distribution are verified through several numerical cases, including FGMEE plates, layered sensor, and energy harvester, and by comparing with the numerical results of COMSOL.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":49435,"journal":{"name":"Thin-Walled Structures","volume":"223 ","pages":"Article 114562"},"PeriodicalIF":6.6,"publicationDate":"2026-01-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146081146","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2026-01-20DOI: 10.1016/j.tws.2026.114558
Xiang Zhang , Ziyi Wang , Bin Zeng , Chun-Lin Wang
Laser cladding (LC) can be used to repair locally corroded steel components, but the high-cycle fatigue behavior of the repaired structural components remains unclear. Focusing on applications in building steel structures, this study employed LC technology to repair notched steel plates and conducted uniaxial high-cycle fatigue tests under identical fatigue conditions on Q345 substrate specimens, unrepaired notched specimens, and LC-repaired specimens, comparatively analyzing their high-cycle fatigue performance and failure modes and identifying a two-stage stiffness degradation behavior in the repaired specimens. The experimental results indicate that the fatigue strength of LC-repaired specimens reached 167 % of that of unrepaired notched specimens, exceeding 90 % of the substrate specimens (uncorroded specimens). The improvement was particularly significant when the maximum stress was below the yield strength of the substrate. After LC repair, the specimens met the classification requirements for ground butt welds specified in various national standards. Microstructural analysis revealed that the heterogeneous microstructure of the heat-affected zone (HAZ) made it the weak region of the repaired steel plate. The repaired specimens exhibited a continuous gradual reduction in axial stiffness due to damage accumulation within the cladding layer, showing a two-stage stiffness degradation pattern characterized by a slow decline followed by a rapid drop.
{"title":"Enhancement of high-cycle fatigue performance for damaged steel plates through laser cladding repair","authors":"Xiang Zhang , Ziyi Wang , Bin Zeng , Chun-Lin Wang","doi":"10.1016/j.tws.2026.114558","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.tws.2026.114558","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Laser cladding (LC) can be used to repair locally corroded steel components, but the high-cycle fatigue behavior of the repaired structural components remains unclear. Focusing on applications in building steel structures, this study employed LC technology to repair notched steel plates and conducted uniaxial high-cycle fatigue tests under identical fatigue conditions on Q345 substrate specimens, unrepaired notched specimens, and LC-repaired specimens, comparatively analyzing their high-cycle fatigue performance and failure modes and identifying a two-stage stiffness degradation behavior in the repaired specimens. The experimental results indicate that the fatigue strength of LC-repaired specimens reached 167 % of that of unrepaired notched specimens, exceeding 90 % of the substrate specimens (uncorroded specimens). The improvement was particularly significant when the maximum stress was below the yield strength of the substrate. After LC repair, the specimens met the classification requirements for ground butt welds specified in various national standards. Microstructural analysis revealed that the heterogeneous microstructure of the heat-affected zone (HAZ) made it the weak region of the repaired steel plate. The repaired specimens exhibited a continuous gradual reduction in axial stiffness due to damage accumulation within the cladding layer, showing a two-stage stiffness degradation pattern characterized by a slow decline followed by a rapid drop.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":49435,"journal":{"name":"Thin-Walled Structures","volume":"222 ","pages":"Article 114558"},"PeriodicalIF":6.6,"publicationDate":"2026-01-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146039070","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2026-01-20DOI: 10.1016/j.tws.2026.114557
Pasquale Posabella , Marcin Heljak , Kamil Majchrowicz , Marco Costantini , Wojciech Święszkowski
Spherical-based porous metamaterials, thanks to their curved architecture minimising stress concentrations, show promising mechanical properties. However, despite such features, their study remains limited, mostly due to difficulties in efficiently architecting their porous layers. To fill this gap, we investigate spherical-based porous architectures to clarify the relationship between their structural and functional properties. First, we develop artificial neural networks (NNs) to link the geometrical architecture of metamaterials to their elastic modulus and/or porosity. Then, an inverse design framework is realised by coupling the developed NNs to genetic algorithms. This strategy allows to efficiently explore the design space and optimise the metamaterial architecture based on specifications on target features. Thanks to the developed tool, it is possible to generate spherical-based metamaterial designs with homogenised normalised elastic modulus between 0.060 and 0.226 and porosity Φ between 0.55 and 0.80. Finally, the computational method is validated experimentally using 3D-printed structures. Besides providing an efficient design framework, the main achievement of this study is to clarify the structure-property relationship in architected spherical-based porous structures, showing potential for tailored mechanical performance in various engineering scenarios.
{"title":"Spherical-based mechanical metamaterials: from prediction to design via machine learning","authors":"Pasquale Posabella , Marcin Heljak , Kamil Majchrowicz , Marco Costantini , Wojciech Święszkowski","doi":"10.1016/j.tws.2026.114557","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.tws.2026.114557","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Spherical-based porous metamaterials, thanks to their curved architecture minimising stress concentrations, show promising mechanical properties. However, despite such features, their study remains limited, mostly due to difficulties in efficiently architecting their porous layers. To fill this gap, we investigate spherical-based porous architectures to clarify the relationship between their structural and functional properties. First, we develop artificial neural networks (NNs) to link the geometrical architecture of metamaterials to their elastic modulus and/or porosity. Then, an inverse design framework is realised by coupling the developed NNs to genetic algorithms. This strategy allows to efficiently explore the design space and optimise the metamaterial architecture based on specifications on target features. Thanks to the developed tool, it is possible to generate spherical-based metamaterial designs with homogenised normalised elastic modulus <span><math><mover><mi>E</mi><mo>^</mo></mover></math></span> between 0.060 and 0.226 and porosity Φ between 0.55 and 0.80. Finally, the computational method is validated experimentally using 3D-printed structures. Besides providing an efficient design framework, the main achievement of this study is to clarify the structure-property relationship in architected spherical-based porous structures, showing potential for tailored mechanical performance in various engineering scenarios.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":49435,"journal":{"name":"Thin-Walled Structures","volume":"222 ","pages":"Article 114557"},"PeriodicalIF":6.6,"publicationDate":"2026-01-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146079339","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Lightweight structures capable of mitigating impact loads are important for protecting mechanical and electronic components in vehicles and aircraft. However, traditional energy-absorbing metamaterials often suffer from lateral instability under compression, limiting effective deformation participation. To address this, a new Star-Chiral Honeycomb (SCHH) is proposed. Upon impact, the chiral elements rotate to draw the structure inward, suppressing side misalignment and enhancing global deformation stability. During compression, a transitional configuration forms, producing a distinct secondary plateau stress that significantly improves energy absorption. A theoretical model for the plateau stress is derived to identify dominant parameters governing load-shedding performance, which are further optimized through wall-thickness adjustment—reducing the first-order plateau stress to approximately 78% of that of the SSH structure, while the second-order plateau stress is elevated to about seven times that of the SSH. Compared with the traditional Star-Shaped Honeycomb, the SCHH achieves an 16.2% reduction in peak acceleration and 33.87% and 29.50% increases in energy absorption at impact speeds of 1 m/s and 25 m/s, respectively. The overall deformation remains highly uniform, with all unit cells contributing to energy dissipation. This study provides a novel design concept for tunable, load-shedding, and energy-absorbing metamaterials suited for advanced impact-resistant applications.
{"title":"Star-Chiral Honeycomb with robust impact resistance","authors":"Xiaomeng Guo , Meiqi Wu , Wengang Bu , Pengyu Lv , Xiubing Liang","doi":"10.1016/j.tws.2026.114550","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.tws.2026.114550","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Lightweight structures capable of mitigating impact loads are important for protecting mechanical and electronic components in vehicles and aircraft. However, traditional energy-absorbing metamaterials often suffer from lateral instability under compression, limiting effective deformation participation. To address this, a new Star-Chiral Honeycomb (SCHH) is proposed. Upon impact, the chiral elements rotate to draw the structure inward, suppressing side misalignment and enhancing global deformation stability. During compression, a transitional configuration forms, producing a distinct secondary plateau stress that significantly improves energy absorption. A theoretical model for the plateau stress is derived to identify dominant parameters governing load-shedding performance, which are further optimized through wall-thickness adjustment—reducing the first-order plateau stress to approximately 78% of that of the SSH structure, while the second-order plateau stress is elevated to about seven times that of the SSH. Compared with the traditional Star-Shaped Honeycomb, the SCHH achieves an 16.2% reduction in peak acceleration and 33.87% and 29.50% increases in energy absorption at impact speeds of 1 m/s and 25 m/s, respectively. The overall deformation remains highly uniform, with all unit cells contributing to energy dissipation. This study provides a novel design concept for tunable, load-shedding, and energy-absorbing metamaterials suited for advanced impact-resistant applications.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":49435,"journal":{"name":"Thin-Walled Structures","volume":"222 ","pages":"Article 114550"},"PeriodicalIF":6.6,"publicationDate":"2026-01-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146038997","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2026-01-20DOI: 10.1016/j.tws.2026.114560
Haorui Ren , Jinghua Zhang
Research on dynamic behaviors provides a theoretical basis for active control, enhancing safety and reliability, and achieving optimal performance-function matching in intelligent composite structures. This study investigates large-deflection nonlinear dynamic responses of circular functionally graded graphene platelets reinforced composite (FG-GPLRC) plates under coupled force-electric fields, particularly considering both the piezoelectric and dielectric effects. Firstly, equivalent material properties of the composites accounting for interfacial imperfections, electron tunneling effects, and Maxwell-Wagner-Silla (MWS) polarization are predicted by the effective medium theory and linear rule of mixtures. Then, the dynamic governing equations are derived on the basis of von Kármán nonlinear theory and piezoelectric constitutive relations, and solved via the Kantorovich time-averaging combined with the shooting method. Finally, the effects of applied electric fields, excitation force and parameters of graphene platelets (GPLs), as well as piezoelectric and dielectric effects on dynamic displacements of the plates are analyzed cross-scale by numerical studies. Results highlight the critical role of a percolation threshold in governing dynamic behaviors. Optimal control parameters, including the applied voltage, volume fraction and distribution patterns of GPLs are proposed to achieve superior dynamic performance, enabling cross-scale active control and intelligent response of the circular FG-GPLRC plates.
{"title":"Nonlinear dynamics and control of circular FG-GPLRC piezoelectric and dielectric plates","authors":"Haorui Ren , Jinghua Zhang","doi":"10.1016/j.tws.2026.114560","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.tws.2026.114560","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Research on dynamic behaviors provides a theoretical basis for active control, enhancing safety and reliability, and achieving optimal performance-function matching in intelligent composite structures. This study investigates large-deflection nonlinear dynamic responses of circular functionally graded graphene platelets reinforced composite (FG-GPLRC) plates under coupled force-electric fields, particularly considering both the piezoelectric and dielectric effects. Firstly, equivalent material properties of the composites accounting for interfacial imperfections, electron tunneling effects, and Maxwell-Wagner-Silla (MWS) polarization are predicted by the effective medium theory and linear rule of mixtures. Then, the dynamic governing equations are derived on the basis of von Kármán nonlinear theory and piezoelectric constitutive relations, and solved via the Kantorovich time-averaging combined with the shooting method. Finally, the effects of applied electric fields, excitation force and parameters of graphene platelets (GPLs), as well as piezoelectric and dielectric effects on dynamic displacements of the plates are analyzed cross-scale by numerical studies. Results highlight the critical role of a percolation threshold in governing dynamic behaviors. Optimal control parameters, including the applied voltage, volume fraction and distribution patterns of GPLs are proposed to achieve superior dynamic performance, enabling cross-scale active control and intelligent response of the circular FG-GPLRC plates.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":49435,"journal":{"name":"Thin-Walled Structures","volume":"222 ","pages":"Article 114560"},"PeriodicalIF":6.6,"publicationDate":"2026-01-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146039067","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2026-01-20DOI: 10.1016/j.tws.2026.114561
Yongbin Guo , Yongxin Zhang , Liang Li , Dingguo Zhang , Wei-Hsin Liao , Chaofan Du , Sijia Chen
Enhanced Segmented Active Constrained Layer Damping (ESACLD) is a novel intelligent damping structure designed to suppress vibrations of flexible structures in engineering fields. With the rapid development of machine learning, optimization algorithms have become a significant approach to finding the optimal solution to complex problems. This article proposes a novel particle swarm optimization algorithm called Evolutionary Cooperative Particle Swarm Optimization (EC-PSO), inspired by human social mechanisms such as division of labor, cooperation, competition, and evolution, significantly improving performance compared to other optimized PSO algorithms. Based on high-order rigid-flexible coupling theory and finite element method, considering edge elements, cutting, a spatial flexible manipulator is modeled as a two-link system with ESACLD hollow circle cross-section beams and flexible joints. And then, EC-PSO algorithm is used to optimize the flexible joint connection position. Finally, the vibration characteristics of this system were simulated and analyzed. The EC-PSO algorithm has high efficiency and robustness in solving complex problems, and its performance is superior to traditional PSO optimization algorithms. The damping performance of ESACLD model is better than that of ACLD model, and the lightweight of flexible joints can greatly improve the vibration suppression performance. When the stiffness of flexible joints is small, it mainly suppresses the first mode. while suppressing the second and third modes when it is large. This study provides an effective framework for the optimization design of space flexible robotic arms and vibration prediction during orbital operation.
{"title":"Dynamic modeling and intelligent optimization of vibration suppression for flexible link with ESACLD treatment","authors":"Yongbin Guo , Yongxin Zhang , Liang Li , Dingguo Zhang , Wei-Hsin Liao , Chaofan Du , Sijia Chen","doi":"10.1016/j.tws.2026.114561","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.tws.2026.114561","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Enhanced Segmented Active Constrained Layer Damping (ESACLD) is a novel intelligent damping structure designed to suppress vibrations of flexible structures in engineering fields. With the rapid development of machine learning, optimization algorithms have become a significant approach to finding the optimal solution to complex problems. This article proposes a novel particle swarm optimization algorithm called Evolutionary Cooperative Particle Swarm Optimization (EC-PSO), inspired by human social mechanisms such as division of labor, cooperation, competition, and evolution, significantly improving performance compared to other optimized PSO algorithms. Based on high-order rigid-flexible coupling theory and finite element method, considering edge elements, cutting, a spatial flexible manipulator is modeled as a two-link system with ESACLD hollow circle cross-section beams and flexible joints. And then, EC-PSO algorithm is used to optimize the flexible joint connection position. Finally, the vibration characteristics of this system were simulated and analyzed. The EC-PSO algorithm has high efficiency and robustness in solving complex problems, and its performance is superior to traditional PSO optimization algorithms. The damping performance of ESACLD model is better than that of ACLD model, and the lightweight of flexible joints can greatly improve the vibration suppression performance. When the stiffness of flexible joints is small, it mainly suppresses the first mode. while suppressing the second and third modes when it is large. This study provides an effective framework for the optimization design of space flexible robotic arms and vibration prediction during orbital operation.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":49435,"journal":{"name":"Thin-Walled Structures","volume":"222 ","pages":"Article 114561"},"PeriodicalIF":6.6,"publicationDate":"2026-01-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146039071","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2026-01-20DOI: 10.1016/j.tws.2026.114564
Qingyu Zhu , Zhaodong Fang , Zhaoye Qin , Jinguo Liu , Qingkai Han
In this paper, topology design on hard coating layer treatment for vibration suppression of scientific experiment cabinet panel via BESO technique is proposed. An optimization model is established to minimize the vibration of the hard-coated panel, aiming to maximize the weighted sum of the first four modal loss factors under a constraint on the coating material volume fraction. The BESO technique is employed to optimize hard coating layout, which well aligns with the stress distribution of the panel, verifying the rationality of the optimization design. Comparative analysis with the traditional ESO method demonstrates the superiority of the BESO method in terms of optimization processes, hard coating layouts, and vibration responses. The iterative process of BESO is also visualized to illustrate the evolution of the elements sensitivity and coating distribution. Finally, the BESO-optimized hard coating layout is assessed in terms of natural frequency, modal loss factor, and vibration response. Both numerical and experimental results confirm that the proposed method enables more effective and efficient damping design for thin-walled structures compared to the traditional ESO method.
{"title":"Topological optimization design on hard coating layer treatment for vibration reduction of thin panel via BESO algorithm","authors":"Qingyu Zhu , Zhaodong Fang , Zhaoye Qin , Jinguo Liu , Qingkai Han","doi":"10.1016/j.tws.2026.114564","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.tws.2026.114564","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>In this paper, topology design on hard coating layer treatment for vibration suppression of scientific experiment cabinet panel via BESO technique is proposed. An optimization model is established to minimize the vibration of the hard-coated panel, aiming to maximize the weighted sum of the first four modal loss factors under a constraint on the coating material volume fraction. The BESO technique is employed to optimize hard coating layout, which well aligns with the stress distribution of the panel, verifying the rationality of the optimization design. Comparative analysis with the traditional ESO method demonstrates the superiority of the BESO method in terms of optimization processes, hard coating layouts, and vibration responses. The iterative process of BESO is also visualized to illustrate the evolution of the elements sensitivity and coating distribution. Finally, the BESO-optimized hard coating layout is assessed in terms of natural frequency, modal loss factor, and vibration response. Both numerical and experimental results confirm that the proposed method enables more effective and efficient damping design for thin-walled structures compared to the traditional ESO method.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":49435,"journal":{"name":"Thin-Walled Structures","volume":"222 ","pages":"Article 114564"},"PeriodicalIF":6.6,"publicationDate":"2026-01-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146079334","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
This study investigates the high-temperature damage evolution of plain-woven SiCf/SiC ceramic matrix composites under tensile loading. A 4D in-situ X-ray computed tomography (CT) tensile test was conducted at 1200°C in an inert atmosphere. A deep-learning-based damage segmentation network was developed to enable automatic and accurate identification of internal damage. An incremental digital volume correlation (DVC) workflow was established to quantify deformation fields. Damage evolution and failure mechanisms were revealed through three distinct crack-coupled modes, including 0° fibre tow splitting, 90° fibre tow kink-band fracture, and delamination. The results show that the dominant damage modes are matrix cracking and delamination, which initiate, propagate, and coalesce with increasing tensile load. Both exhibit more rapid volumetric growth than at room temperature, particularly delamination, which grows exponentially at 1200°C. Near failure, the crack and delamination volume fractions at high temperature (156.7 MPa) were 1.3 and 29.8 times those at room temperature (240.7 MPa), respectively, and at comparable intermediate loading levels (154.0–157.0 MPa), the ratios could reach up to 8.1 and 98.0, respectively. Damage is strongly correlated with localised strain concentrations, notably at tow-overlap edges. Multiple toughening mechanisms are observed, including interfacial debonding, matrix cracking, delamination, kink-band, fibre fracture, and fibre pull-out.
{"title":"High-temperature tensile damage evolution of plain-woven SiCf/SiC composites at 1200°C in an inert atmosphere: A 4D in-situ X-ray CT investigation","authors":"Chao Chen , Daxu Zhang , Weiyu Guo , Yuefeng Zhang , Yonglong Du , Haixu Zhou , Yi Zhang , Mingming Chen","doi":"10.1016/j.tws.2026.114555","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.tws.2026.114555","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study investigates the high-temperature damage evolution of plain-woven SiC<sub>f</sub>/SiC ceramic matrix composites under tensile loading. A 4D in-situ X-ray computed tomography (CT) tensile test was conducted at 1200°C in an inert atmosphere. A deep-learning-based damage segmentation network was developed to enable automatic and accurate identification of internal damage. An incremental digital volume correlation (DVC) workflow was established to quantify deformation fields. Damage evolution and failure mechanisms were revealed through three distinct crack-coupled modes, including 0° fibre tow splitting, 90° fibre tow kink-band fracture, and delamination. The results show that the dominant damage modes are matrix cracking and delamination, which initiate, propagate, and coalesce with increasing tensile load. Both exhibit more rapid volumetric growth than at room temperature, particularly delamination, which grows exponentially at 1200°C. Near failure, the crack and delamination volume fractions at high temperature (156.7 MPa) were 1.3 and 29.8 times those at room temperature (240.7 MPa), respectively, and at comparable intermediate loading levels (154.0–157.0 MPa), the ratios could reach up to 8.1 and 98.0, respectively. Damage is strongly correlated with localised strain concentrations, notably at tow-overlap edges. Multiple toughening mechanisms are observed, including interfacial debonding, matrix cracking, delamination, kink-band, fibre fracture, and fibre pull-out.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":49435,"journal":{"name":"Thin-Walled Structures","volume":"222 ","pages":"Article 114555"},"PeriodicalIF":6.6,"publicationDate":"2026-01-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146039066","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2026-01-19DOI: 10.1016/j.tws.2026.114556
Haolin Li , Yifan Wang , Zhenkui Wang , Zhen Guo , Jonas W. Ringsberg
Helical wound cables comprising helical wires and cylindrical layers are widely employed in power transmission engineering. During current transmission, the cables typically endure significant thermal loading, which can degrade their mechanical performance and service life. In this study, based on thin rod theory, thick wall theory, and Hertz theory, we propose a theoretical model for thermo-mechanical response of helical wound cables, and analytical solutions are derived to predict both the global mechanical response and the local contact behavior. To validate the theoretical model, three-dimensional (3D) and two-dimensional (2D) finite element (FE) models are constructed. The theoretical predictions are compared with the FE results, demonstrating excellent agreement. Key findings reveal that arranging wires at a critical helix angle minimizes the global mechanical response under thermal load. A temperature rise induces higher interlayer contact pressure, resulting in stress concentrations at the local contact zones. Furthermore, a low helix angle of the wire significantly increases the contact pressure at the wire-insulation interface, while decreasing the contact pressure at the wire-sheath interface. This study contributes to the understanding of mechanical response mechanisms of helical wound cables under thermal load and offers new insights for their optimized design.
{"title":"A mathematical model for thermo-mechanical response of helical wound cables","authors":"Haolin Li , Yifan Wang , Zhenkui Wang , Zhen Guo , Jonas W. Ringsberg","doi":"10.1016/j.tws.2026.114556","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.tws.2026.114556","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Helical wound cables comprising helical wires and cylindrical layers are widely employed in power transmission engineering. During current transmission, the cables typically endure significant thermal loading, which can degrade their mechanical performance and service life. In this study, based on thin rod theory, thick wall theory, and Hertz theory, we propose a theoretical model for thermo-mechanical response of helical wound cables, and analytical solutions are derived to predict both the global mechanical response and the local contact behavior. To validate the theoretical model, three-dimensional (3D) and two-dimensional (2D) finite element (FE) models are constructed. The theoretical predictions are compared with the FE results, demonstrating excellent agreement. Key findings reveal that arranging wires at a critical helix angle minimizes the global mechanical response under thermal load. A temperature rise induces higher interlayer contact pressure, resulting in stress concentrations at the local contact zones. Furthermore, a low helix angle of the wire significantly increases the contact pressure at the wire-insulation interface, while decreasing the contact pressure at the wire-sheath interface. This study contributes to the understanding of mechanical response mechanisms of helical wound cables under thermal load and offers new insights for their optimized design.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":49435,"journal":{"name":"Thin-Walled Structures","volume":"222 ","pages":"Article 114556"},"PeriodicalIF":6.6,"publicationDate":"2026-01-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146039064","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2026-01-18DOI: 10.1016/j.tws.2026.114553
A. Provost , G. Tzortzinis , S. Islam , C. Ai , S. Gerasimidis
Steel bridge deterioration presents critical challenges for inspection and load rating, particularly at girder ends where complex corrosion patterns exceed the capabilities of traditional assessment methods. This study establishes a comprehensive framework for digital evaluation through three contributions. First, systematic classification of 553 inspection reports across six New England states confirms regional consistency of corrosion topologies, supporting standardized assessment protocols. Second, a platform-independent methodology transforms terrestrial LiDAR and photogrammetry data into engineering-ready thickness contour maps through resolution-constrained optimization that balances geometric fidelity with computational efficiency. Third, full-scale testing of eight naturally corroded girders validates both scanning methodology and finite element models, achieving 5% average prediction errors for stiffness and capacity while successfully reproducing observed failure modes. Validation of Massachusetts capacity equations using scan-derived parameters demonstrates 5.14% mean prediction errors. The integrated framework enables geometry-informed capacity evaluation that advances beyond discrete measurement approaches, establishing a foundation for implementing digital assessment technologies in bridge engineering practice. The framework supports practical engineering applications including bridge rating, load posting decisions, and prioritization of rehabilitation across large bridge inventories.
{"title":"Inspection and capacity prediction of corroded steel bridge girders through 3D scanning, contour mapping, and experimental testing","authors":"A. Provost , G. Tzortzinis , S. Islam , C. Ai , S. Gerasimidis","doi":"10.1016/j.tws.2026.114553","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.tws.2026.114553","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Steel bridge deterioration presents critical challenges for inspection and load rating, particularly at girder ends where complex corrosion patterns exceed the capabilities of traditional assessment methods. This study establishes a comprehensive framework for digital evaluation through three contributions. First, systematic classification of 553 inspection reports across six New England states confirms regional consistency of corrosion topologies, supporting standardized assessment protocols. Second, a platform-independent methodology transforms terrestrial LiDAR and photogrammetry data into engineering-ready thickness contour maps through resolution-constrained optimization that balances geometric fidelity with computational efficiency. Third, full-scale testing of eight naturally corroded girders validates both scanning methodology and finite element models, achieving 5% average prediction errors for stiffness and capacity while successfully reproducing observed failure modes. Validation of Massachusetts capacity equations using scan-derived parameters demonstrates 5.14% mean prediction errors. The integrated framework enables geometry-informed capacity evaluation that advances beyond discrete measurement approaches, establishing a foundation for implementing digital assessment technologies in bridge engineering practice. The framework supports practical engineering applications including bridge rating, load posting decisions, and prioritization of rehabilitation across large bridge inventories.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":49435,"journal":{"name":"Thin-Walled Structures","volume":"222 ","pages":"Article 114553"},"PeriodicalIF":6.6,"publicationDate":"2026-01-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146038991","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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