Thin-Walled Structures最新文献_第7页

Synergistic evolution mechanism of residual stress field and deformation in aero-engine thin-walled blades under service conditions 服役条件下航空发动机薄壁叶片残余应力场与变形的协同演化机制

IF 6.6 1区工程技术 Q1 ENGINEERING, CIVIL

Thin-Walled Structures

Pub Date : 2026-01-21 DOI: 10.1016/j.tws.2026.114570

Yilong Cao , Changfeng Yao , Liang Tan , Daoxia Wu , Xu Zou , Shiqian Xiang , Wenran Zhou , Shuaifeng Xue

The surface state achieved through surface modification process is inherently unstable, and the evolution of surface integrity during service significantly impacts the performance of aero-engine blades. This study systematically investigated the surface integrity and deformation behavior of aero-engine blades by shot peening at different service stages. Experimental results indicated that the surface integrity of the blades underwent a sudden change within 10³ cycles, followed by a stable evolution phase, exhibiting notable spatiotemporal discreteness. Specifically, distinct evolutionary patterns were observed between the blade root and tip, the back and basin, and along the chord and height directions, leading to differential evolution in position and profile tolerances. Through vibration simulation, it was revealed that the discrete distribution of working stress was the primary cause of the spatiotemporal discreteness in surface integrity evolution. Based on linear elastic theory, the deformation behavior of the blades was shown to follow directional and relative criteria. Furthermore, a deformation prediction model for in-service blades (NS-FEM) was established, which introduces "net stress" as the driving load for deformation and avoids the damage to the blades caused by residual stress testing. The relative error of the NS-FEM model in predicting blade position was less than 15%. This study not only enhances the understanding of blade deformation behavior during service but also provides a methodological reference for the non-destructive prediction and online control of blade machining deformation.

通过表面改性工艺获得的表面状态具有固有的不稳定性，在服役过程中，表面完整性的演变对航空发动机叶片的性能有重要影响。本研究系统地研究了航空发动机喷丸强化叶片在不同服役阶段的表面完整性和变形行为。实验结果表明，叶片表面完整性在10³周期内经历一个突变，随后进入稳定演化阶段，具有明显的时空离散性。叶根与叶尖之间、叶背与叶盆之间、叶弦与叶高方向上的演化模式存在差异，导致叶片位置和剖面容差的演化存在差异。通过振动仿真，揭示了工作应力的离散分布是导致表面完整性演化时空离散的主要原因。基于线弹性理论，叶片的变形行为遵循方向准则和相对准则。建立了在役叶片的变形预测模型（NS-FEM），该模型引入“净应力”作为变形的驱动载荷，避免了残余应力测试对叶片的损伤。NS-FEM模型预测叶片位置的相对误差小于15%。该研究不仅提高了对服役过程中叶片变形行为的认识，而且为叶片加工变形的无损预测和在线控制提供了方法参考。

{"title":"Synergistic evolution mechanism of residual stress field and deformation in aero-engine thin-walled blades under service conditions","authors":"Yilong Cao , Changfeng Yao , Liang Tan , Daoxia Wu , Xu Zou , Shiqian Xiang , Wenran Zhou , Shuaifeng Xue","doi":"10.1016/j.tws.2026.114570","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.tws.2026.114570","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The surface state achieved through surface modification process is inherently unstable, and the evolution of surface integrity during service significantly impacts the performance of aero-engine blades. This study systematically investigated the surface integrity and deformation behavior of aero-engine blades by shot peening at different service stages. Experimental results indicated that the surface integrity of the blades underwent a sudden change within 10³ cycles, followed by a stable evolution phase, exhibiting notable spatiotemporal discreteness. Specifically, distinct evolutionary patterns were observed between the blade root and tip, the back and basin, and along the chord and height directions, leading to differential evolution in position and profile tolerances. Through vibration simulation, it was revealed that the discrete distribution of working stress was the primary cause of the spatiotemporal discreteness in surface integrity evolution. Based on linear elastic theory, the deformation behavior of the blades was shown to follow directional and relative criteria. Furthermore, a deformation prediction model for in-service blades (NS-FEM) was established, which introduces \"net stress\" as the driving load for deformation and avoids the damage to the blades caused by residual stress testing. The relative error of the NS-FEM model in predicting blade position was less than 15%. This study not only enhances the understanding of blade deformation behavior during service but also provides a methodological reference for the non-destructive prediction and online control of blade machining deformation.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":49435,"journal":{"name":"Thin-Walled Structures","volume":"223 ","pages":"Article 114570"},"PeriodicalIF":6.6,"publicationDate":"2026-01-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146081145","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Temperature-dependent low-velocity impact response modelling of CFRP laminates CFRP层压板的温度依赖低速冲击响应模型

IF 6.6 1区工程技术 Q1 ENGINEERING, CIVIL

Thin-Walled Structures

Pub Date : 2026-01-21 DOI: 10.1016/j.tws.2026.114571

Tiantong Lv , Bingxian Yuan , Junyao Yang , Guangyong Sun , Dengfeng Wang

Due to the temperature sensitivity of the resin matrix, carbon fiber reinforced polymer (CFRP) laminates exhibit significant variations of performance with temperature in impact. However, studies on temperature-dependent damage mechanisms and effective numerical prediction methods are rare. This study proposes a temperature-dependent numerical framework to predict low-velocity impact (LVI) responses of CFRP laminates by developing thermally sensitive intralaminar and interlaminar constitutive models. In-plane tensile, compressive and shear tests were performed from -40 °C to 100 °C and a modified Hashin progressive damage model by considering temperature effects was developed via a VUMAT subroutine. For interlaminar delamination, mode I, mode II and mixed-mode fracture toughness tests were conducted, and a temperature-dependent trilinear cohesive zone model (CZM) was developed using a quadratic stress criterion and the Benzeggagh-Kenane (B-K) fracture law. The developed LVI model was validated with the experiment through surface morphology and ultrasonic C-scan imaging, revealing temperature-dependent damage mechanisms. Results show that low temperatures cause an increase of laminate stiffness and peak force due to enhanced brittleness, while high temperatures promote matrix softening and enlarge damage areas. This work offers an accurate and practical method to simulate temperature-dependent progressive damage in CFRP laminates under LVI.

由于树脂基体的温度敏感性，碳纤维增强聚合物（CFRP）层压板在冲击中表现出显著的温度变化。然而，对温度损伤机理的研究和有效的数值预测方法却很少。本研究提出了一个温度相关的数值框架，通过开发热敏层内和层间本构模型来预测CFRP层合板的低速冲击（LVI）响应。在-40°C至100°C范围内进行了平面内拉伸、压缩和剪切试验，并通过VUMAT子程序建立了考虑温度影响的改进Hashin渐进损伤模型。对于层间脱层，进行了I型、II型和混合模式断裂韧性试验，并基于二次应力准则和Benzeggagh-Kenane （B-K）断裂规律建立了温度相关的三线性内聚区模型（CZM）。通过表面形貌和超声c扫描成像实验验证了所建立的LVI模型，揭示了温度相关的损伤机制。结果表明：低温使层压材料脆性增强，使层压材料刚度和峰值力增加；高温使基体软化，损伤面积扩大；这项工作为模拟LVI下CFRP层压板的温度相关渐进损伤提供了一种准确实用的方法。

{"title":"Temperature-dependent low-velocity impact response modelling of CFRP laminates","authors":"Tiantong Lv , Bingxian Yuan , Junyao Yang , Guangyong Sun , Dengfeng Wang","doi":"10.1016/j.tws.2026.114571","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.tws.2026.114571","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Due to the temperature sensitivity of the resin matrix, carbon fiber reinforced polymer (CFRP) laminates exhibit significant variations of performance with temperature in impact. However, studies on temperature-dependent damage mechanisms and effective numerical prediction methods are rare. This study proposes a temperature-dependent numerical framework to predict low-velocity impact (LVI) responses of CFRP laminates by developing thermally sensitive intralaminar and interlaminar constitutive models. In-plane tensile, compressive and shear tests were performed from -40 °C to 100 °C and a modified Hashin progressive damage model by considering temperature effects was developed via a VUMAT subroutine. For interlaminar delamination, mode I, mode II and mixed-mode fracture toughness tests were conducted, and a temperature-dependent trilinear cohesive zone model (CZM) was developed using a quadratic stress criterion and the Benzeggagh-Kenane (B-K) fracture law. The developed LVI model was validated with the experiment through surface morphology and ultrasonic C-scan imaging, revealing temperature-dependent damage mechanisms. Results show that low temperatures cause an increase of laminate stiffness and peak force due to enhanced brittleness, while high temperatures promote matrix softening and enlarge damage areas. This work offers an accurate and practical method to simulate temperature-dependent progressive damage in CFRP laminates under LVI.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":49435,"journal":{"name":"Thin-Walled Structures","volume":"222 ","pages":"Article 114571"},"PeriodicalIF":6.6,"publicationDate":"2026-01-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146039068","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Performance-based analysis of steel joints in frame system subjected by localized fire 局部火灾作用下框架体系钢节点性能分析

IF 6.6 1区工程技术 Q1 ENGINEERING, CIVIL

Thin-Walled Structures

Pub Date : 2026-01-21 DOI: 10.1016/j.tws.2026.114568

Zhou Jinggang , Wang Wei , Zhou Xuanyi , Cong Beihua

The load-bearing capacity of steel beam-column joints is crucial for preventing progressive collapse in fire scenarios, necessitating research on their fire performance. Current studies on joints and steel frame systems under localized fires are limited, particularly regarding flame-structure interaction mechanisms. To address this, experiments were conducted on fully welded rigid joints using a self-developed localized fire test platform. For numerical simulation, unlike the prevalent iterative coupling approach using adiabatic surface temperature, this study employed direct fluid-thermal-structural coupling (FCHT method). Mechanical analysis of the joint was then performed using the solid temperature as the boundary condition, achieving thermo-mechanical coupling. Results show that under jet fire, concentrated heat flux with low pulsation caused strain concentration at the beam end, leading to localized failure. Under pool fire, dispersed heat flux with high pulsation drove the phased evolution of a global plastic hinge in the connection zone. Extending to the frame system level, horizontal deflection of the fire plume by floor slabs reshaped joint heating. Comparing flame development modes (free plume, jet impingement, ceiling jet) elucidated the flame-structure interaction mechanism. Multi-scenario models confirmed that the interactive effects of these factors significantly altered frame deformation paths, dominated joint degradation, and ultimately governed the structural collapse path.

钢梁-柱节点的承载能力是防止火灾情况下节点逐渐倒塌的关键，因此有必要对其防火性能进行研究。目前对局部火灾作用下节点和钢框架体系的研究非常有限，特别是在火焰-结构相互作用机制方面。为了解决这一问题，使用自行开发的本地化防火测试平台对全焊接刚性接头进行了实验。对于数值模拟，不同于目前流行的使用绝热表面温度的迭代耦合方法，本研究采用了直接流-热-结构耦合（FCHT）方法。然后以固体温度为边界条件对接头进行力学分析，实现热-力耦合。结果表明：射流作用下，低脉动的集中热流导致梁端应变集中，导致局部破坏；池火作用下，高脉动的分散热流驱动连接区内整体塑性铰的阶段性演化。延伸到框架系统层面，水平偏转的火羽通过楼板的变形接合取暖。对比火焰发展模式（自由羽流、射流冲击、顶棚射流），阐明了火焰-结构相互作用机理。多情景模型证实，这些因素的交互作用显著改变了框架变形路径，主导了节点退化，最终控制了结构的破坏路径。

{"title":"Performance-based analysis of steel joints in frame system subjected by localized fire","authors":"Zhou Jinggang , Wang Wei , Zhou Xuanyi , Cong Beihua","doi":"10.1016/j.tws.2026.114568","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.tws.2026.114568","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The load-bearing capacity of steel beam-column joints is crucial for preventing progressive collapse in fire scenarios, necessitating research on their fire performance. Current studies on joints and steel frame systems under localized fires are limited, particularly regarding flame-structure interaction mechanisms. To address this, experiments were conducted on fully welded rigid joints using a self-developed localized fire test platform. For numerical simulation, unlike the prevalent iterative coupling approach using adiabatic surface temperature, this study employed direct fluid-thermal-structural coupling (FCHT method). Mechanical analysis of the joint was then performed using the solid temperature as the boundary condition, achieving thermo-mechanical coupling. Results show that under jet fire, concentrated heat flux with low pulsation caused strain concentration at the beam end, leading to localized failure. Under pool fire, dispersed heat flux with high pulsation drove the phased evolution of a global plastic hinge in the connection zone. Extending to the frame system level, horizontal deflection of the fire plume by floor slabs reshaped joint heating. Comparing flame development modes (free plume, jet impingement, ceiling jet) elucidated the flame-structure interaction mechanism. Multi-scenario models confirmed that the interactive effects of these factors significantly altered frame deformation paths, dominated joint degradation, and ultimately governed the structural collapse path.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":49435,"journal":{"name":"Thin-Walled Structures","volume":"222 ","pages":"Article 114568"},"PeriodicalIF":6.6,"publicationDate":"2026-01-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146079338","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

A multi-level prognostic framework for delamination-induced failure under compressive fatigue 压缩疲劳下分层失效的多级预测框架

IF 6.6 1区工程技术 Q1 ENGINEERING, CIVIL

Thin-Walled Structures

Pub Date : 2026-01-21 DOI: 10.1016/j.tws.2026.114567

Ferda C. Gül, Morteza Moradi, Dimitrios Zarouchas

Predicting the remaining useful life (RUL) of composite structures is particularly challenging in impact-damaged carbon fiber–reinforced polymers (CFRPs) under compressive fatigue, where delamination growth with complex morphology and stochastic progression often governs failure. Guided wave–based structural health monitoring (GW-SHM) enables sensitive damage characterization, yet RUL prediction remains difficult due to the strong dependence of GW–delamination interactions on excitation frequency and damage geometry. Physics-based models often struggle to generalize beyond specific configurations, whereas purely data-driven models can capture complex patterns but typically lack consistency with the underlying physical mechanisms. This study introduces a multi-level, frequency-aware prognostic framework that combines the adaptability of deep learning with the physical interpretability of engineered features. GW signals acquired at multiple excitation frequencies are transformed into time- and time–frequency representations, while damage indicators are derived through temporal segmentation. These indicators are correlated with delamination growth measured by C-scan inspections, providing a link between signal-derived features and physical damage evolution. The multi-level architecture integrates convolutional neural networks, multilayer perceptrons, and long short-term memory layers to capture complementary aspects of degradation. Experimental assessment on seven specimens demonstrates that the proposed framework achieves a minimum mean absolute percentage error (MAPE) of 1.904, corresponding to 11% and 55% improvements over the highest- and lowest-performing single-frequency baselines at 160 kHz and 100 kHz, respectively. The results confirm that integrating GW signal processing with deep learning yields robust and physically consistent RUL predictions for impact-damaged CFRPs, while enhancing the interpretability of prognostic outcomes.

预测复合材料结构的剩余使用寿命（RUL）在压缩疲劳下的冲击损伤碳纤维增强聚合物（CFRPs）中尤其具有挑战性，其中具有复杂形态和随机进展的分层生长通常是导致失效的原因。基于导波的结构健康监测（GW-SHM）能够实现敏感的损伤表征，但由于gw -分层相互作用对激励频率和损伤几何形状的强烈依赖，RUL预测仍然很困难。基于物理的模型通常难以泛化到特定配置之外，而纯数据驱动的模型可以捕获复杂的模式，但通常缺乏与底层物理机制的一致性。本研究引入了一个多层次、频率感知的预测框架，该框架将深度学习的适应性与工程特征的物理可解释性相结合。将多个激励频率下获取的GW信号转化为时间和时频表示，并通过时间分割得到损伤指标。这些指标与通过c扫描检查测量的分层增长相关，提供了信号衍生特征与物理损伤演变之间的联系。多层架构集成了卷积神经网络、多层感知器和长短期记忆层，以捕获退化的互补方面。对7个样本的实验评估表明，所提出的框架实现了1.904的最小平均绝对百分比误差（MAPE），分别比160 kHz和100 kHz的最高和最低单频基线提高11%和55%。结果证实，将GW信号处理与深度学习相结合，可以对撞击损伤的cfrp进行稳健且物理一致的RUL预测，同时增强了预后结果的可解释性。

{"title":"A multi-level prognostic framework for delamination-induced failure under compressive fatigue","authors":"Ferda C. Gül, Morteza Moradi, Dimitrios Zarouchas","doi":"10.1016/j.tws.2026.114567","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.tws.2026.114567","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Predicting the remaining useful life (RUL) of composite structures is particularly challenging in impact-damaged carbon fiber–reinforced polymers (CFRPs) under compressive fatigue, where delamination growth with complex morphology and stochastic progression often governs failure. Guided wave–based structural health monitoring (GW-SHM) enables sensitive damage characterization, yet RUL prediction remains difficult due to the strong dependence of GW–delamination interactions on excitation frequency and damage geometry. Physics-based models often struggle to generalize beyond specific configurations, whereas purely data-driven models can capture complex patterns but typically lack consistency with the underlying physical mechanisms. This study introduces a multi-level, frequency-aware prognostic framework that combines the adaptability of deep learning with the physical interpretability of engineered features. GW signals acquired at multiple excitation frequencies are transformed into time- and time–frequency representations, while damage indicators are derived through temporal segmentation. These indicators are correlated with delamination growth measured by C-scan inspections, providing a link between signal-derived features and physical damage evolution. The multi-level architecture integrates convolutional neural networks, multilayer perceptrons, and long short-term memory layers to capture complementary aspects of degradation. Experimental assessment on seven specimens demonstrates that the proposed framework achieves a minimum mean absolute percentage error (MAPE) of 1.904, corresponding to 11% and 55% improvements over the highest- and lowest-performing single-frequency baselines at 160 kHz and 100 kHz, respectively. The results confirm that integrating GW signal processing with deep learning yields robust and physically consistent RUL predictions for impact-damaged CFRPs, while enhancing the interpretability of prognostic outcomes.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":49435,"journal":{"name":"Thin-Walled Structures","volume":"223 ","pages":"Article 114567"},"PeriodicalIF":6.6,"publicationDate":"2026-01-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146191187","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Hysteretic behavior of HCSW with varying corrugated geometric dimensions 不同波纹几何尺寸HCSW的滞回特性

IF 6.6 1区工程技术 Q1 ENGINEERING, CIVIL

Thin-Walled Structures

Pub Date : 2026-01-21 DOI: 10.1016/j.tws.2026.114566

Xiaoyong Zhang , Yang Wei , Zhijie Zhang , Wenyuan Kong , Wanpeng Zhang , Yu Chen

The hysteretic behavior of the prefabricated H-shaped steel frame corrugated steel plate shear wall (HCSW) was significantly influenced by variations in the corrugated geometric dimensions. This study investigated the hysteretic behavior of HCSW with varying corrugated geometric dimensions under low-cycle reciprocating loading through testing and finite element method (FEM). The embedded steel plate of HCSW was placed horizontally in the direction of corrugation. The wavelength and wave height of a single waveform unit of the corrugated steel plate were selected as the primary test parameters in this study. The failure mechanisms, hysteresis characteristics, and deformation modes of both the frame structure and the corrugated steel plate were systematically analyzed. The test results demonstrated that the embedded corrugated steel plate absorbed the majority of the external load energy. The post-buckling strength of the embedded corrugated steel plate was fully utilized. Furthermore, the lateral bearing capacity of HCSW specimens exhibited a decreasing trend with increasing wavelength when the wave initiation angle exceeded 1.0, whereas it demonstrated an increasing trend when the wave initiation angle was below 1.0. Additionally, for specimens with varying wave heights, the energy dissipation coefficient consistently increased as the wave initiation angle rose. Finally, a theoretical calculation formula for the initial lateral stiffness was derived to calculated the initial lateral stiffness of HCSW specimens. Combine all the results, it was concluded that the HCSW specimen enables the disassembly and replacement of the embedded corrugated steel plate following certain damage. This capability effectively extends the service life of the building structure while minimizing unnecessary economic losses.

预制h型钢框架波纹钢板剪力墙的滞回性能受到波纹几何尺寸变化的显著影响。通过试验和有限元方法，研究了不同波纹几何尺寸的高钢板在低周往复载荷作用下的滞回特性。HCSW预埋钢板沿波纹方向水平放置。本文选取波纹钢板单个波形单元的波长和波高作为主要试验参数。系统分析了框架结构和波纹钢板的破坏机理、滞回特性和变形模式。试验结果表明，预埋波纹钢板吸收了大部分外荷载能。充分利用了预埋波纹钢板的后屈曲强度。当起爆角大于1.0时，试件的侧向承载力随波长的增加呈下降趋势，而当起爆角小于1.0时，试件的侧向承载力呈增加趋势。对于不同波高的试件，能量耗散系数随波起角的增大而增大。最后，推导了初始侧移刚度的理论计算公式，用于计算混凝土混凝土试件的初始侧移刚度。综合以上结果，得出HCSW试件能够在一定损伤后对预埋波纹钢板进行拆卸和更换的结论。这种能力有效地延长了建筑结构的使用寿命，同时最大限度地减少不必要的经济损失。

{"title":"Hysteretic behavior of HCSW with varying corrugated geometric dimensions","authors":"Xiaoyong Zhang , Yang Wei , Zhijie Zhang , Wenyuan Kong , Wanpeng Zhang , Yu Chen","doi":"10.1016/j.tws.2026.114566","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.tws.2026.114566","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The hysteretic behavior of the prefabricated H-shaped steel frame corrugated steel plate shear wall (HCSW) was significantly influenced by variations in the corrugated geometric dimensions. This study investigated the hysteretic behavior of HCSW with varying corrugated geometric dimensions under low-cycle reciprocating loading through testing and finite element method (FEM). The embedded steel plate of HCSW was placed horizontally in the direction of corrugation. The wavelength and wave height of a single waveform unit of the corrugated steel plate were selected as the primary test parameters in this study. The failure mechanisms, hysteresis characteristics, and deformation modes of both the frame structure and the corrugated steel plate were systematically analyzed. The test results demonstrated that the embedded corrugated steel plate absorbed the majority of the external load energy. The post-buckling strength of the embedded corrugated steel plate was fully utilized. Furthermore, the lateral bearing capacity of HCSW specimens exhibited a decreasing trend with increasing wavelength when the wave initiation angle exceeded 1.0, whereas it demonstrated an increasing trend when the wave initiation angle was below 1.0. Additionally, for specimens with varying wave heights, the energy dissipation coefficient consistently increased as the wave initiation angle rose. Finally, a theoretical calculation formula for the initial lateral stiffness was derived to calculated the initial lateral stiffness of HCSW specimens. Combine all the results, it was concluded that the HCSW specimen enables the disassembly and replacement of the embedded corrugated steel plate following certain damage. This capability effectively extends the service life of the building structure while minimizing unnecessary economic losses.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":49435,"journal":{"name":"Thin-Walled Structures","volume":"222 ","pages":"Article 114566"},"PeriodicalIF":6.6,"publicationDate":"2026-01-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146039069","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Constraint optimization of multi-cell tubes under oblique loading based on an LSTM-AE and BPNN model 基于LSTM-AE和BPNN模型的多胞管倾斜载荷约束优化

IF 6.6 1区工程技术 Q1 ENGINEERING, CIVIL

Thin-Walled Structures

Pub Date : 2026-01-21 DOI: 10.1016/j.tws.2026.114569

Xinyu Wang , Tuo Xu , Binlin Yi , Jie Xing , Naoya Nishimura , Guibing Li

Multi-cell tubes are commonly used in energy-absorbing structures for their excellent crashworthiness, but oblique loads in real situations can change deformation modes and greatly decrease energy absorption. Traditional surrogate-based optimization methods, typically centered on scalar crashworthiness indicators, often struggle to prevent unstable buckling and force-displacement fluctuations. Additionally, most research focuses on frontal impacts, with oblique impacts receiving less attention despite their practical importance. To address these limitations, this study proposes a constraint-based optimization framework. The framework utilizes a hybrid surrogate model integrating a stacked Long Short-Term Memory autoencoder (LSTM-AE) for force-displacement curve reconstruction and a Back Propagation Neural Network (BPNN) for crashworthiness indicator prediction. Subsequently, the predicted curves and indicators are incorporated as critical constraints into the Non-dominated Sorting Genetic Algorithm II (NSGA-II) for multi-objective optimization. The results show that introducing the curve stability constraint and the worst-case criterion leads to a clear hierarchical retreat of the Pareto front, highlighting the trade-off between peak performance and operational reliability. Unlike traditional weighted optimization, this method avoids the masking effect of nominal averages on local failure risks. The robust solutions meet strict safety standards under both 0°and 15°loading conditions and exhibit consistent folding modes with smooth force-displacement responses, eliminating unstable high-performance outliers. This approach enhances optimization fidelity and offers a practical conservative design framework for energy-absorbing structures in complex loading scenarios.

多管吸能结构以其优异的耐碰撞性能而广泛应用于吸能结构中，但在实际应用中，斜向载荷会改变结构的变形模式，大大降低吸能。传统的基于代理的优化方法通常以标量耐撞指标为中心，往往难以防止不稳定屈曲和力-位移波动。此外，大多数研究都集中在正面撞击上，而斜向撞击尽管具有实际意义，但受到的关注较少。为了解决这些限制，本研究提出了一个基于约束的优化框架。该框架采用混合代理模型，集成了用于力-位移曲线重建的堆叠长短期记忆自编码器（LSTM-AE）和用于耐撞指标预测的反向传播神经网络（BPNN）。随后，将预测曲线和指标作为关键约束纳入非支配排序遗传算法II （NSGA-II）进行多目标优化。结果表明，引入曲线稳定性约束和最坏情况准则后，Pareto前沿有明显的分层后退，突出了峰值性能与运行可靠性之间的权衡。与传统的加权优化方法不同，该方法避免了名义平均值对局部失效风险的掩蔽效应。坚固的解决方案在0°和15°载荷条件下均符合严格的安全标准，并具有一致的折叠模式和平滑的力-位移响应，消除了不稳定的高性能异常值。该方法提高了优化保真度，为复杂载荷下吸能结构提供了一个实用的保守设计框架。

{"title":"Constraint optimization of multi-cell tubes under oblique loading based on an LSTM-AE and BPNN model","authors":"Xinyu Wang , Tuo Xu , Binlin Yi , Jie Xing , Naoya Nishimura , Guibing Li","doi":"10.1016/j.tws.2026.114569","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.tws.2026.114569","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Multi-cell tubes are commonly used in energy-absorbing structures for their excellent crashworthiness, but oblique loads in real situations can change deformation modes and greatly decrease energy absorption. Traditional surrogate-based optimization methods, typically centered on scalar crashworthiness indicators, often struggle to prevent unstable buckling and force-displacement fluctuations. Additionally, most research focuses on frontal impacts, with oblique impacts receiving less attention despite their practical importance. To address these limitations, this study proposes a constraint-based optimization framework. The framework utilizes a hybrid surrogate model integrating a stacked Long Short-Term Memory autoencoder (LSTM-AE) for force-displacement curve reconstruction and a Back Propagation Neural Network (BPNN) for crashworthiness indicator prediction. Subsequently, the predicted curves and indicators are incorporated as critical constraints into the Non-dominated Sorting Genetic Algorithm II (NSGA-II) for multi-objective optimization. The results show that introducing the curve stability constraint and the worst-case criterion leads to a clear hierarchical retreat of the Pareto front, highlighting the trade-off between peak performance and operational reliability. Unlike traditional weighted optimization, this method avoids the masking effect of nominal averages on local failure risks. The robust solutions meet strict safety standards under both 0°and 15°loading conditions and exhibit consistent folding modes with smooth force-displacement responses, eliminating unstable high-performance outliers. This approach enhances optimization fidelity and offers a practical conservative design framework for energy-absorbing structures in complex loading scenarios.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":49435,"journal":{"name":"Thin-Walled Structures","volume":"223 ","pages":"Article 114569"},"PeriodicalIF":6.6,"publicationDate":"2026-01-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146049010","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

A machine learning and multi-source authentic data-driven framework for accurate fatigue life prediction of welds in existing steel bridge decks 现有钢桥面焊缝疲劳寿命准确预测的机器学习和多源真实数据驱动框架

IF 6.6 1区工程技术 Q1 ENGINEERING, CIVIL

Thin-Walled Structures

Pub Date : 2026-01-20 DOI: 10.1016/j.tws.2026.114559

Haiping Zhang , Lei Zhao , Fanghuai Chen , Yuan Luo , Xinhui Xiao , Yang Liu , Yang Deng

To address the challenge of inaccurate fatigue life prediction for welds in existing orthotropic steel bridge decks (OSBDs), which stems from incomplete information and insufficient model generalizability, this paper proposes a precise prediction framework that integrates multi-source authentic data and machine learning. Firstly, a U-Net model is employed to achieve automated identification and measurement of the OSBDs’ geometric parameters, resolving the issue of distorted resistance information. Secondly, based on wavelet analysis, strain data from bridge health monitoring is denoised and reconstructed, establishing an authentic stress time-history database. To tackle the scarcity of fatigue test data, a Gaussian Variational Bayesian Network- Attention (GVBN-Attention) prediction model is developed. This model enhances the identification of key features through a self-attention mechanism and quantifies parameter uncertainty using variational Bayesian inference. Experimental results on 192 sample sets demonstrate that the proposed GVBN-Attention model significantly outperforms comparative models, including Gaussian Process Regression (GPR) and Bayesian Neural Networks (BNNs), on key metrics such as the coefficient of determination and root mean square error, exhibiting superior predictive accuracy and generalization capability. Furthermore, SHAP (SHapley Additive exPlanations)-based interpretability analysis reveals the influence mechanisms of input features like stress amplitude and deck plate thickness on fatigue life, validating the rationality of the model's decision-making. This study provides a new method for fatigue life assessment of steel deck welds under data-scarce conditions, characterized by high accuracy, interpretability, and uncertainty quantification.

针对现有正交异性钢桥面焊缝疲劳寿命预测不准确的问题，提出了一种集成多源真实数据和机器学习的精确预测框架。首先，采用U-Net模型实现了osbd几何参数的自动识别和测量，解决了电阻信息失真的问题；其次，基于小波分析，对桥梁健康监测数据进行去噪重构，建立真实的应力时程数据库；针对疲劳试验数据的稀缺性，提出了一种高斯变分贝叶斯网络-注意力（gvb -Attention）预测模型。该模型通过自关注机制增强了关键特征的识别，并利用变分贝叶斯推理量化了参数的不确定性。192个样本集的实验结果表明，本文提出的GVBN-Attention模型在决定系数和均方根误差等关键指标上显著优于高斯过程回归（GPR）和贝叶斯神经网络（BNNs），具有较好的预测精度和泛化能力。基于SHapley加性解释的可解释性分析揭示了应力幅值、甲板厚度等输入特征对疲劳寿命的影响机理，验证了模型决策的合理性。该研究为数据稀缺条件下的钢甲板焊缝疲劳寿命评估提供了一种新的方法，具有精度高、可解释性好、量化不确定等特点。

{"title":"A machine learning and multi-source authentic data-driven framework for accurate fatigue life prediction of welds in existing steel bridge decks","authors":"Haiping Zhang , Lei Zhao , Fanghuai Chen , Yuan Luo , Xinhui Xiao , Yang Liu , Yang Deng","doi":"10.1016/j.tws.2026.114559","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.tws.2026.114559","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>To address the challenge of inaccurate fatigue life prediction for welds in existing orthotropic steel bridge decks (OSBDs), which stems from incomplete information and insufficient model generalizability, this paper proposes a precise prediction framework that integrates multi-source authentic data and machine learning. Firstly, a U-Net model is employed to achieve automated identification and measurement of the OSBDs’ geometric parameters, resolving the issue of distorted resistance information. Secondly, based on wavelet analysis, strain data from bridge health monitoring is denoised and reconstructed, establishing an authentic stress time-history database. To tackle the scarcity of fatigue test data, a Gaussian Variational Bayesian Network- Attention (GVBN-Attention) prediction model is developed. This model enhances the identification of key features through a self-attention mechanism and quantifies parameter uncertainty using variational Bayesian inference. Experimental results on 192 sample sets demonstrate that the proposed GVBN-Attention model significantly outperforms comparative models, including Gaussian Process Regression (GPR) and Bayesian Neural Networks (BNNs), on key metrics such as the coefficient of determination and root mean square error, exhibiting superior predictive accuracy and generalization capability. Furthermore, SHAP (SHapley Additive exPlanations)-based interpretability analysis reveals the influence mechanisms of input features like stress amplitude and deck plate thickness on fatigue life, validating the rationality of the model's decision-making. This study provides a new method for fatigue life assessment of steel deck welds under data-scarce conditions, characterized by high accuracy, interpretability, and uncertainty quantification.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":49435,"journal":{"name":"Thin-Walled Structures","volume":"222 ","pages":"Article 114559"},"PeriodicalIF":6.6,"publicationDate":"2026-01-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146079337","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Effects of column design variations on seismic performance of steel moment-resisting frames with fuse connections 柱型设计变化对保险丝连接钢抗弯矩框架抗震性能的影响

IF 6.6 1区工程技术 Q1 ENGINEERING, CIVIL

Thin-Walled Structures

Pub Date : 2026-01-20 DOI: 10.1016/j.tws.2026.114565

Sangwook Park , Joseph Gilroy , Patricia Clayton , Alex Dundore , Sebastian Acevedo

Fuse connections featuring replaceable components that yield before beams or columns have been proposed for steel special moment-resisting frames (SMRFs) as low-damage connection concepts in seismic systems. While several are prequalified or under review for prequalification in the United States, the impact of column design requirements and fuse behavior on seismic performance has not yet been thoroughly investigated. This study analyzed typical steel SMRFs of varying heights (2, 4, 6, and 8 stories) using a prequalified yield-type fuse connection, specifically the Simpson Strong Tie™ (SST) Yield-Link (YL)® connection. Current prequalified design procedures for this connection allow columns to be designed for larger overstrength demands without meeting certain seismic compactness limits. This study investigates the impacts of column design variations (i.e., column overstrength, compactness, and capacity-limited forces) on collapse performance. Nonlinear static pushover and incremental dynamic analyses revealed that designs that considered seismic compactness, even with relaxed overstrength demands, outperformed those with higher overstrength but no compactness requirements, particularly in taller buildings. However, since the shallower column sections for shorter buildings were more likely to meet width-to-thickness limits for highly ductile members, relaxing overstrength requirements could reduce the collapse margin ratios in SST-YL SMRFs. These results indicate that there is potential to consider modified column design requirements for SST-YL connections, offering a cost-effective approach to improving structural resilience without compromising seismic collapse performance.

作为地震系统中低损伤的连接概念，在钢特殊抗弯矩框架（smrf）中提出了具有可更换组件的保险丝连接，其在梁或柱之前产生。虽然在美国有几个已经通过资格预审或正在进行资格预审，但柱设计要求和熔断器行为对抗震性能的影响尚未得到彻底调查。本研究分析了不同高度（2层、4层、6层和8层）的典型钢制smrf，使用了预认证的屈服型保险丝连接，特别是Simpson Strong Tie™（SST）屈服链接（YL）®连接。目前这种连接的预审设计程序允许柱在不满足某些抗震密实度限制的情况下设计更大的超强度要求。本研究调查了柱设计变化（即，柱超强度，密实度和容量限制力）对倒塌性能的影响。非线性静态推覆和增量动态分析表明，考虑抗震密实度的设计，即使有宽松的超强度要求，也优于那些有更高的超强度但没有密实度要求的设计，特别是在高层建筑中。然而，由于较短建筑物的较浅柱截面更有可能满足高延性构件的宽厚限制，因此放宽超强度要求可以降低SST-YL smrf的倒塌裕度比。这些结果表明，有可能考虑修改SST-YL连接的柱设计要求，提供一种在不影响抗震倒塌性能的情况下提高结构弹性的经济有效方法。

{"title":"Effects of column design variations on seismic performance of steel moment-resisting frames with fuse connections","authors":"Sangwook Park , Joseph Gilroy , Patricia Clayton , Alex Dundore , Sebastian Acevedo","doi":"10.1016/j.tws.2026.114565","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.tws.2026.114565","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Fuse connections featuring replaceable components that yield before beams or columns have been proposed for steel special moment-resisting frames (SMRFs) as low-damage connection concepts in seismic systems. While several are prequalified or under review for prequalification in the United States, the impact of column design requirements and fuse behavior on seismic performance has not yet been thoroughly investigated. This study analyzed typical steel SMRFs of varying heights (2, 4, 6, and 8 stories) using a prequalified yield-type fuse connection, specifically the Simpson Strong Tie™ (SST) Yield-Link (YL)® connection. Current prequalified design procedures for this connection allow columns to be designed for larger overstrength demands without meeting certain seismic compactness limits. This study investigates the impacts of column design variations (i.e., column overstrength, compactness, and capacity-limited forces) on collapse performance. Nonlinear static pushover and incremental dynamic analyses revealed that designs that considered seismic compactness, even with relaxed overstrength demands, outperformed those with higher overstrength but no compactness requirements, particularly in taller buildings. However, since the shallower column sections for shorter buildings were more likely to meet width-to-thickness limits for highly ductile members, relaxing overstrength requirements could reduce the collapse margin ratios in SST-YL SMRFs. These results indicate that there is potential to consider modified column design requirements for SST-YL connections, offering a cost-effective approach to improving structural resilience without compromising seismic collapse performance.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":49435,"journal":{"name":"Thin-Walled Structures","volume":"222 ","pages":"Article 114565"},"PeriodicalIF":6.6,"publicationDate":"2026-01-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146039062","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Viscoelastic damping design - Experimental analysis of optimized constrained layer damping treatments at different ambient temperatures 粘弹性阻尼设计。不同环境温度下优化约束层阻尼处理的实验分析

IF 6.6 1区工程技术 Q1 ENGINEERING, CIVIL

Thin-Walled Structures

Pub Date : 2026-01-20 DOI: 10.1016/j.tws.2026.114563

Martin Gröhlich , Marc Böswald , Jörg Wallaschek

Constrained Layer Damping (CLD) is an established technology for passive vibration damping. Vibrational energy is dissipated by forcing a viscoelastic material into shear strain. However, the damping performance of CLD treatments is highly dependent on the temperature and the design of such structures can be tailored to operational conditions.

This paper presents an experimental analysis of shape-optimized CLD treatments over a temperature range from -20 °C to +20 °C. The samples were designed and manufactured with respect to maximum damping of the first bending mode at minimum and maximum temperature. Eigenfrequencies and damping ratios identified from a modal test in a climatic chamber are compared with those obtained from numerical simulations. The comparison shows a good correlation of the modal parameters. The results demonstrate that using the widths of virtually segmented core and face layers as design parameters is a valid approach for shape optimization of CLD treatments. Furthermore, it is proven that the optimal shape of a CLD treatment is temperature-dependent and that its damping performance varies with the ambient temperature condition.

约束层阻尼（CLD）是一种成熟的被动阻尼技术。振动能量是通过使粘弹性材料产生剪切应变而耗散的。然而，CLD处理的阻尼性能高度依赖于温度，这种结构的设计可以根据操作条件进行定制。本文介绍了在-20°C至+20°C温度范围内形状优化的CLD处理的实验分析。在最低和最高温度下，根据第一弯曲模态的最大阻尼来设计和制造样品。从气候室的模态试验中确定的特征频率和阻尼比与数值模拟得到的特征频率和阻尼比进行了比较。对比表明，模态参数具有良好的相关性。结果表明，采用虚拟分段的芯层和面层宽度作为设计参数是一种有效的CLD处理形状优化方法。此外，还证明了CLD处理的最佳形状与温度有关，并且其阻尼性能随环境温度条件而变化。

{"title":"Viscoelastic damping design - Experimental analysis of optimized constrained layer damping treatments at different ambient temperatures","authors":"Martin Gröhlich , Marc Böswald , Jörg Wallaschek","doi":"10.1016/j.tws.2026.114563","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.tws.2026.114563","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Constrained Layer Damping (CLD) is an established technology for passive vibration damping. Vibrational energy is dissipated by forcing a viscoelastic material into shear strain. However, the damping performance of CLD treatments is highly dependent on the temperature and the design of such structures can be tailored to operational conditions.</div><div>This paper presents an experimental analysis of shape-optimized CLD treatments over a temperature range from -20 °C to +20 °C. The samples were designed and manufactured with respect to maximum damping of the first bending mode at minimum and maximum temperature. Eigenfrequencies and damping ratios identified from a modal test in a climatic chamber are compared with those obtained from numerical simulations. The comparison shows a good correlation of the modal parameters. The results demonstrate that using the widths of virtually segmented core and face layers as design parameters is a valid approach for shape optimization of CLD treatments. Furthermore, it is proven that the optimal shape of a CLD treatment is temperature-dependent and that its damping performance varies with the ambient temperature condition.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":49435,"journal":{"name":"Thin-Walled Structures","volume":"222 ","pages":"Article 114563"},"PeriodicalIF":6.6,"publicationDate":"2026-01-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146039065","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

The static and dynamic analysis of functionally graded magneto-electro-elastic structures with finite block method 用有限块法对功能梯度磁-电弹性结构进行静动力分析

IF 6.6 1区工程技术 Q1 ENGINEERING, CIVIL

Thin-Walled Structures

Pub Date : 2026-01-20 DOI: 10.1016/j.tws.2026.114562

X.B. Yan, X. Li, Y.R. Zhou, P.H. Wen

Functionally graded magneto-electro-elastic (FGMEE) materials are widely used in engineering and science due to their great importance in accurately simulating the static behaviors and dynamic responses of magneto-electro-elastic structures. This paper applies the Finite Block Method (FBM) of Lagrange interpolation polynomials with Chebyshev node distribution for the first time to study and solve two-dimensional FGMEE structures. The structure is functionally graded along the z-axis direction, and the discrete formulation for solving the two-dimensional FGMEE coupling problem is derived. The values of the displacements, electric, and magnetic potentials at the nodes are obtained through a set of linear algebraic equations established from the governing equations and boundary conditions. And the FBM with the Houbolt difference method is adopted to solve the dynamic response of FGMEE structures. The accuracy, convergence, and robustness of the FBM of Lagrange interpolation polynomials with Chebyshev node distribution are verified through several numerical cases, including FGMEE plates, layered sensor, and energy harvester, and by comparing with the numerical results of COMSOL.

功能梯度磁电弹性（FGMEE）材料在精确模拟磁电弹性结构的静态行为和动态响应方面具有重要意义，在工程和科学中得到了广泛的应用。本文首次将具有切比雪夫节点分布的拉格朗日插值多项式有限块法应用于二维FGMEE结构的研究与求解。该结构沿z轴方向进行功能梯度，推导了求解二维FGMEE耦合问题的离散表达式。通过由控制方程和边界条件建立的一组线性代数方程，可以得到节点处的位移、电势和磁势的值。采用霍博尔特差分法求解FBM结构的动力响应。通过FGMEE板、分层传感器和能量采集器等数值算例，并与COMSOL的数值结果进行对比，验证了具有切比舍夫节点分布的拉格朗日插值多项式FBM的准确性、收敛性和鲁棒性。

{"title":"The static and dynamic analysis of functionally graded magneto-electro-elastic structures with finite block method","authors":"X.B. Yan, X. Li, Y.R. Zhou, P.H. Wen","doi":"10.1016/j.tws.2026.114562","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.tws.2026.114562","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Functionally graded magneto-electro-elastic (FGMEE) materials are widely used in engineering and science due to their great importance in accurately simulating the static behaviors and dynamic responses of magneto-electro-elastic structures. This paper applies the Finite Block Method (FBM) of Lagrange interpolation polynomials with Chebyshev node distribution for the first time to study and solve two-dimensional FGMEE structures. The structure is functionally graded along the <em>z</em>-axis direction, and the discrete formulation for solving the two-dimensional FGMEE coupling problem is derived. The values of the displacements, electric, and magnetic potentials at the nodes are obtained through a set of linear algebraic equations established from the governing equations and boundary conditions. And the FBM with the Houbolt difference method is adopted to solve the dynamic response of FGMEE structures. The accuracy, convergence, and robustness of the FBM of Lagrange interpolation polynomials with Chebyshev node distribution are verified through several numerical cases, including FGMEE plates, layered sensor, and energy harvester, and by comparing with the numerical results of COMSOL.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":49435,"journal":{"name":"Thin-Walled Structures","volume":"223 ","pages":"Article 114562"},"PeriodicalIF":6.6,"publicationDate":"2026-01-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146081146","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0