Pub Date : 2025-10-25DOI: 10.1053/j.sult.2025.10.002
Duygu Erkal, Mehmet Tonkaz, Tümay Bekci, Gökhan Tonkaz
This study aimed to compare the Breast Imaging Reporting and Data System (BI-RADS) classifications, clinical management recommendations, and diagnostic performance of two artificial intelligence (AI) systems-ChatGPT-4o and DeepSeek-V3-with those of an experienced radiologist in interpreting breast ultrasound reports. The clinical inconsistency and referral safety of the AI systems were assessed. A total of 595 breast ultrasound reports were independently and blindly assessed by a radiologist and two AI systems-ChatGPT-4o and DeepSeek-V3. Observers provided BI-RADS categories and management recommendations based on the findings section. Diagnostic performance was assessed using histopathological diagnosis or ≥ 24-month follow-up as the standard. Clinical inconsistency means discordance between the BI-RADS categories and corresponding recommendations. Referral safety was quantified using a standardized referral safety score. Interobserver agreement was substantial for both BI-RADS classification (κ = 0.65) and management recommendations (κ = 0.79). The radiologist recorded the highest malignancy detection sensitivity (0.989), followed by DeepSeek-V3 (0.968) and ChatGPT (0.927). Specificity (0.735-0.753) and negative predictive values (0.981-0.997) were comparable across the models, while positive predictive values were limited (0.403-0.436). BI-RADS and management recommendations for ChatGPT were consistent, whereas DeepSeek-V3 had a 0.4% rate (p >.05). Referral safety scores were similar (ChatGPT: 0.44; DeepSeek-V3: 0.46). ChatGPT-4o and DeepSeek-V3 demonstrated substantial consistency with expert interpretations and acceptable diagnostic performance in US breast evaluations. Although radiologists demonstrated the most accurate and balanced performance, these findings suggest that ChatGPT-4o and DeepSeek-V3 may aid radiology decision support, pending further validation.
{"title":"Comparative Evaluation of BI-RADS Classification, Clinical Management, and Diagnostic Performance in Breast Ultrasound Reports Using ChatGPT-4o and DeepSeek-V3.","authors":"Duygu Erkal, Mehmet Tonkaz, Tümay Bekci, Gökhan Tonkaz","doi":"10.1053/j.sult.2025.10.002","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1053/j.sult.2025.10.002","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This study aimed to compare the Breast Imaging Reporting and Data System (BI-RADS) classifications, clinical management recommendations, and diagnostic performance of two artificial intelligence (AI) systems-ChatGPT-4o and DeepSeek-V3-with those of an experienced radiologist in interpreting breast ultrasound reports. The clinical inconsistency and referral safety of the AI systems were assessed. A total of 595 breast ultrasound reports were independently and blindly assessed by a radiologist and two AI systems-ChatGPT-4o and DeepSeek-V3. Observers provided BI-RADS categories and management recommendations based on the findings section. Diagnostic performance was assessed using histopathological diagnosis or ≥ 24-month follow-up as the standard. Clinical inconsistency means discordance between the BI-RADS categories and corresponding recommendations. Referral safety was quantified using a standardized referral safety score. Interobserver agreement was substantial for both BI-RADS classification (κ = 0.65) and management recommendations (κ = 0.79). The radiologist recorded the highest malignancy detection sensitivity (0.989), followed by DeepSeek-V3 (0.968) and ChatGPT (0.927). Specificity (0.735-0.753) and negative predictive values (0.981-0.997) were comparable across the models, while positive predictive values were limited (0.403-0.436). BI-RADS and management recommendations for ChatGPT were consistent, whereas DeepSeek-V3 had a 0.4% rate (p >.05). Referral safety scores were similar (ChatGPT: 0.44; DeepSeek-V3: 0.46). ChatGPT-4o and DeepSeek-V3 demonstrated substantial consistency with expert interpretations and acceptable diagnostic performance in US breast evaluations. Although radiologists demonstrated the most accurate and balanced performance, these findings suggest that ChatGPT-4o and DeepSeek-V3 may aid radiology decision support, pending further validation.</p>","PeriodicalId":49541,"journal":{"name":"Seminars in Ultrasound Ct and Mri","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2025-10-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145758202","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-10-25DOI: 10.1053/j.sult.2025.10.004
Tongtong Tian, Liqin Liu, Jun Sun, Jianxiong Fu, Xianfu Luo, Jing Ye, Guangyu Tang
The purpose of this prospective study was to investigate the potential correlations among three perfusion methods-multidelay pseudocontinuous arterial spin labelling (MD-PCASL), conventional single-delay pseudocontinuous arterial spin labelling (SD-PCASL), and dynamic contrast-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging (DCE-MRI)-in patients with locoregionally advanced nasopharyngeal carcinoma (ANPC). Forty-seven patients with locoregional ANPC were prospectively recruited. Two observers independently calculated the MD-PCASL parameters, including the ATT-corrected tumour blood flow (c-TBF), arterial transit time (ATT), and arterial tumour blood volume (aTBV); the SD-PCASL parameters, including the noncorrected tumour blood flow (nc-TBF); and the DCE-MRI quantitative parameters, including Ktrans, Kep, Ve, and Vp. The intra- and interobserver agreement was evaluated via the intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC) and BlandAltman analysis. Relationships between the MD-PCASL, SD-PCASL and DCE-MRI parameters were assessed via Spearman's rank correlation. The intra- and interobserver reproducibility were excellent, with ICCs ranging from 0.81 to 0.997 and a narrow width of 95% limits of agreement. A good positive correlation was observed between MD-PCASL-related perfusion parameters (c-TBF, aTBV) and DCE-MRI parameters (Ktrans, Kep) (Spearman's rank correlation coefficients: 0.61 to 0.71, p < 0.001). The SD-PCASL (nc-TBF) values were fairly correlated with Ktrans (p<0.001, r = 0.53) and Kep (p<0.001, r=0.51). In addition, there was a good correlation between the MD-PCASL-related perfusion parameters (c-TBF) and the SD-PCASL parameters (nc-TBF) (Spearman's rank correlation coefficients: 0.70, p < 0.001). No correlation was detected between MD-PCASL-related perfusion parameters (c-TBF and aTBV), SD-PCASL (nc-TBF) and DCE-MRI parameters (Ve and Vp) (Spearman's rank correlation coefficients: 0.07 to 0.145, p > 0.05). MD-PCASL multiparametric perfusion, SD-PCASL single-parameter perfusion and quantitative DCE-MRI parameters were correlated and reproducible in the assessment of ANPC. Although SD-PCASL demonstrated a fair correlation with DCE-MRI, the correlation was inferior to that of MD-PCASL with multiple parameters. MD-PCASL, as a noninvasive perfusion imaging tool, may become an alternative for assessing ANPC perfusion levels in the future.
{"title":"Multidelay Pseudocontinuous Arterial Spin Labelling and Conventional Single-delay Pseudocontinuous Arterial Spin Labelling In Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma: Correlation with Dynamic Contrast-enhanced Magnetic Resonance Imaging.","authors":"Tongtong Tian, Liqin Liu, Jun Sun, Jianxiong Fu, Xianfu Luo, Jing Ye, Guangyu Tang","doi":"10.1053/j.sult.2025.10.004","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1053/j.sult.2025.10.004","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The purpose of this prospective study was to investigate the potential correlations among three perfusion methods-multidelay pseudocontinuous arterial spin labelling (MD-PCASL), conventional single-delay pseudocontinuous arterial spin labelling (SD-PCASL), and dynamic contrast-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging (DCE-MRI)-in patients with locoregionally advanced nasopharyngeal carcinoma (ANPC). Forty-seven patients with locoregional ANPC were prospectively recruited. Two observers independently calculated the MD-PCASL parameters, including the ATT-corrected tumour blood flow (c-TBF), arterial transit time (ATT), and arterial tumour blood volume (aTBV); the SD-PCASL parameters, including the noncorrected tumour blood flow (nc-TBF); and the DCE-MRI quantitative parameters, including K<sup>trans</sup>, K<sub>ep</sub>, V<sub>e</sub>, and V<sub>p</sub>. The intra- and interobserver agreement was evaluated via the intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC) and BlandAltman analysis. Relationships between the MD-PCASL, SD-PCASL and DCE-MRI parameters were assessed via Spearman's rank correlation. The intra- and interobserver reproducibility were excellent, with ICCs ranging from 0.81 to 0.997 and a narrow width of 95% limits of agreement. A good positive correlation was observed between MD-PCASL-related perfusion parameters (c-TBF, aTBV) and DCE-MRI parameters (K<sup>trans</sup>, K<sub>ep</sub>) (Spearman's rank correlation coefficients: 0.61 to 0.71, p < 0.001). The SD-PCASL (nc-TBF) values were fairly correlated with K<sup>trans</sup> (p<0.001, r = 0.53) and K<sub>ep</sub> (p<0.001, r=0.51). In addition, there was a good correlation between the MD-PCASL-related perfusion parameters (c-TBF) and the SD-PCASL parameters (nc-TBF) (Spearman's rank correlation coefficients: 0.70, p < 0.001). No correlation was detected between MD-PCASL-related perfusion parameters (c-TBF and aTBV), SD-PCASL (nc-TBF) and DCE-MRI parameters (V<sub>e</sub> and V<sub>p</sub>) (Spearman's rank correlation coefficients: 0.07 to 0.145, p > 0.05). MD-PCASL multiparametric perfusion, SD-PCASL single-parameter perfusion and quantitative DCE-MRI parameters were correlated and reproducible in the assessment of ANPC. Although SD-PCASL demonstrated a fair correlation with DCE-MRI, the correlation was inferior to that of MD-PCASL with multiple parameters. MD-PCASL, as a noninvasive perfusion imaging tool, may become an alternative for assessing ANPC perfusion levels in the future.</p>","PeriodicalId":49541,"journal":{"name":"Seminars in Ultrasound Ct and Mri","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2025-10-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145758209","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-10-24DOI: 10.1053/j.sult.2025.10.001
Zhiqi Zhang, Nan Wang, Xueliang Yan, Fang Nie
To explore the clinical application value of double contrast-enhanced ultrasound (DCEUS), which combines oral contrast-enhanced ultrasound (OCEUS) with intravenous contrast-enhanced ultrasound (ICEUS), for the differential diagnosis of gastric submucosal tumors (SMTs) and assessment of their malignant risk, with a focus on distinguishing gastrointestinal stromal tumors (GISTs) from benign SMTs. We retrospectively analysed 276 patients with gastric SMTs admitted to our hospital from January 2019 to January 2024, all of whom completed gastric DCEUS before surgery or endoscopic biopsy. Pathological findings served as the gold standard, with all malignant/potentially malignant lesions confirmed as GISTs. Patients were divided into two groups: benign SMTs and GISTs. We analyzed clinical and imaging features, and performed binary logistic regression to identify independent risk factors and construct a prediction model. The model's performance was evaluated using receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves, and internal validation was performed. Time-intensity curves (TIC) were generated using VueBox. Of 276 patients, 183 (66.3%) had GISTs, and 93 (33.7%) had benign SMTs. Multivariate logistic analysis showed that age, gender, location, layer of origin, enhancement degree, and homogeneity were independent predictors for distinguishing GISTs from benign SMTs. The prediction model had an area under the curve (AUC) of 0.84, accuracy of 80%, sensitivity of 73%, specificity of 84%, positive predictive value (PPV) of 70%, and negative predictive value (NPV) of 86%. Internal validation confirmed stability. TIC analysis showed higher PE and shorter RT in GISTs than benign lesions. DCEUS enhances the ability to distinguish GISTs from benign SMTs by integrating tumor morphology, hemodynamics, and clinical features. Heterogeneous high enhancement may serve as a potential imaging marker for intermediate-high-risk GIST stratification. The Nomogram model provides a quantitative tool for individualized risk assessment.
{"title":"The Value of Double Contrast-Enhanced Ultrasonography in the Differential Diagnosis of Gastric Submucosal Tumors and the Assessment of the Malignant Risk of Gastrointestinal Stromal Tumors.","authors":"Zhiqi Zhang, Nan Wang, Xueliang Yan, Fang Nie","doi":"10.1053/j.sult.2025.10.001","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1053/j.sult.2025.10.001","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>To explore the clinical application value of double contrast-enhanced ultrasound (DCEUS), which combines oral contrast-enhanced ultrasound (OCEUS) with intravenous contrast-enhanced ultrasound (ICEUS), for the differential diagnosis of gastric submucosal tumors (SMTs) and assessment of their malignant risk, with a focus on distinguishing gastrointestinal stromal tumors (GISTs) from benign SMTs. We retrospectively analysed 276 patients with gastric SMTs admitted to our hospital from January 2019 to January 2024, all of whom completed gastric DCEUS before surgery or endoscopic biopsy. Pathological findings served as the gold standard, with all malignant/potentially malignant lesions confirmed as GISTs. Patients were divided into two groups: benign SMTs and GISTs. We analyzed clinical and imaging features, and performed binary logistic regression to identify independent risk factors and construct a prediction model. The model's performance was evaluated using receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves, and internal validation was performed. Time-intensity curves (TIC) were generated using VueBox. Of 276 patients, 183 (66.3%) had GISTs, and 93 (33.7%) had benign SMTs. Multivariate logistic analysis showed that age, gender, location, layer of origin, enhancement degree, and homogeneity were independent predictors for distinguishing GISTs from benign SMTs. The prediction model had an area under the curve (AUC) of 0.84, accuracy of 80%, sensitivity of 73%, specificity of 84%, positive predictive value (PPV) of 70%, and negative predictive value (NPV) of 86%. Internal validation confirmed stability. TIC analysis showed higher PE and shorter RT in GISTs than benign lesions. DCEUS enhances the ability to distinguish GISTs from benign SMTs by integrating tumor morphology, hemodynamics, and clinical features. Heterogeneous high enhancement may serve as a potential imaging marker for intermediate-high-risk GIST stratification. The Nomogram model provides a quantitative tool for individualized risk assessment.</p>","PeriodicalId":49541,"journal":{"name":"Seminars in Ultrasound Ct and Mri","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2025-10-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145758212","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-10-01DOI: 10.1053/j.sult.2025.09.011
Humberto Morales MD
{"title":"Letter from the Guest Editor: Update in head and neck imaging","authors":"Humberto Morales MD","doi":"10.1053/j.sult.2025.09.011","DOIUrl":"10.1053/j.sult.2025.09.011","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":49541,"journal":{"name":"Seminars in Ultrasound Ct and Mri","volume":"46 5","pages":"Page 343"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2025-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145239954","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-10-01DOI: 10.1053/j.sult.2025.09.001
Ana de Siqueira Bucci MD, Selima Siala MD, Mariana Regina DeFreitas MD, Carolina V. Guimaraes MD
Fetal magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is a safe method of in-utero evaluation of fetal anomalies and a valuable adjunct to prenatal ultrasound. The utilization of rapid sequences reduces the impact of fetal motion and allows for high contrast resolution of fetal structures.A thorough understanding of fetal anatomy and a systematic approach to MRI interpretation are essential for accurate diagnosis of fetal head and neck anomalies. A stepwise structural analysis of fetal head and neck structures includes the evaluation of the facial profile, including maxilla, mandible, nasal bones, and integrity of lip and palate, scalp integrity, skull morphology and proportions, and anatomy of the orbits, nasal passages, choanae, ears and neck (including visualization of the thyroid gland and airway). This approach allows for accurate and effective screening of fetal head and neck anomalies including cleft lip and palate, nasal bone abnormalities, micrognathia, craniosynostosis, skull defects, orbital anomalies, choanal atresia, ear abnormalities, goiter and head and neck masses. MRI assessment further optimizes perinatal management in cases of airway compromise by providing superior visualization of the airway column and its relationship with adjacent structures. This information helps predict a difficult airway and is essential for planning perinatal management and the delivery method, which may include EXIT (Ex-Utero-Intrapartum Treatment) procedure.Early diagnosis remains essential for parental shared decision-making, guiding counseling, and preparing families for the possible perinatal loss, limited life expectancy, or the need for supportive medical care.
{"title":"What Not to Miss in Fetal Head and Neck MRI: A Pictorial Essay","authors":"Ana de Siqueira Bucci MD, Selima Siala MD, Mariana Regina DeFreitas MD, Carolina V. Guimaraes MD","doi":"10.1053/j.sult.2025.09.001","DOIUrl":"10.1053/j.sult.2025.09.001","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Fetal magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is a safe method of in-utero evaluation of fetal anomalies and a valuable adjunct to prenatal ultrasound. The utilization of rapid sequences reduces the impact of fetal motion and allows for high contrast resolution of fetal structures.A thorough understanding of fetal anatomy and a systematic approach to MRI interpretation are essential for accurate diagnosis of fetal head and neck anomalies. A stepwise structural analysis of fetal head and neck structures includes the evaluation of the facial profile, including maxilla, mandible, nasal bones, and integrity of lip and palate, scalp integrity, skull morphology and proportions, and anatomy of the orbits, nasal passages, choanae, ears and neck (including visualization of the thyroid gland and airway). This approach allows for accurate and effective screening of fetal head and neck anomalies including cleft lip and palate, nasal bone abnormalities, micrognathia, craniosynostosis, skull defects, orbital anomalies, choanal atresia, ear abnormalities, goiter and head and neck masses. MRI assessment further optimizes perinatal management in cases of airway compromise by providing superior visualization of the airway column and its relationship with adjacent structures. This information helps predict a difficult airway and is essential for planning perinatal management and the delivery method, which may include EXIT (Ex-Utero-Intrapartum Treatment) procedure.Early diagnosis remains essential for parental shared decision-making, guiding counseling, and preparing families for the possible perinatal loss, limited life expectancy, or the need for supportive medical care.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":49541,"journal":{"name":"Seminars in Ultrasound Ct and Mri","volume":"46 5","pages":"Pages 375-388"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2025-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145034491","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-10-01DOI: 10.1053/j.sult.2025.09.010
Humberto Morales MD (Associate Professor of Radiology)
The external auditory canal (EAC) is composed by a cartilaginous and an osseous portion. Although it is a pathway, mainly communicating with the tympanic cavity, the EAC is bordering many spaces such as the temporomandibular joint, the temporal bone proper, skull base and the intracranial compartment. Although it can be accessed via clinical exam, there are instances where the view is obstructed, or the clinicians might suspect deeper pathologic involvement or need pre-operative evaluation. CT, MRI and Nuclear Medicine have a role in those cases. Pathologies can include infectious, malignant, epithelial or traumatic lesions, and among others, congenital processes can also affect the external auditory canal. The aim of this review is to familiarize the reader with anatomic landmarks, and to correlate them with important pathologic processes and their imaging findings.
{"title":"Imaging of the External Auditory Canal: A Pictorial Review","authors":"Humberto Morales MD (Associate Professor of Radiology)","doi":"10.1053/j.sult.2025.09.010","DOIUrl":"10.1053/j.sult.2025.09.010","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The external auditory canal (EAC) is composed by a cartilaginous and an osseous portion. Although it is a pathway, mainly communicating with the tympanic cavity, the EAC is bordering many spaces such as the temporomandibular joint, the temporal bone proper, skull base and the intracranial compartment. Although it can be accessed via clinical exam, there are instances where the view is obstructed, or the clinicians might suspect deeper pathologic involvement or need pre-operative evaluation. CT, MRI and Nuclear Medicine have a role in those cases. Pathologies can include infectious, malignant, epithelial or traumatic lesions, and among others, congenital processes can also affect the external auditory canal. The aim of this review is to familiarize the reader with anatomic landmarks, and to correlate them with important pathologic processes and their imaging findings.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":49541,"journal":{"name":"Seminars in Ultrasound Ct and Mri","volume":"46 5","pages":"Pages 357-363"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2025-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145182496","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-10-01DOI: 10.1053/j.sult.2025.09.008
Ryan K. Rigsby MD, Assistant Professor , Olivia A. Thoroughman DO , Courtney M. Tomblinson MD, Associate Professor
The parotid space contains several important anatomic structures and can be involved by a variety of pathologies. Herein, we review the imaging anatomy of the parotid space with an emphasis on its clinical relevance. We also review the imaging findings of infectious, inflammatory, congenital, benign, malignant, and nodal pathologies encountered in the parotid space.
{"title":"Review of the Parotid Space: Imaging Features and Diagnostic Pearls","authors":"Ryan K. Rigsby MD, Assistant Professor , Olivia A. Thoroughman DO , Courtney M. Tomblinson MD, Associate Professor","doi":"10.1053/j.sult.2025.09.008","DOIUrl":"10.1053/j.sult.2025.09.008","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The parotid space contains several important anatomic structures and can be involved by a variety of pathologies. Herein, we review the imaging anatomy of the parotid space with an emphasis on its clinical relevance. We also review the imaging findings of infectious, inflammatory, congenital, benign, malignant, and nodal pathologies encountered in the parotid space.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":49541,"journal":{"name":"Seminars in Ultrasound Ct and Mri","volume":"46 5","pages":"Pages 344-356"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2025-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145082258","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-10-01DOI: 10.1053/j.sult.2025.09.012
Shivani Pahwa MD , Sherry L. Bayliff MD
Vascular lesions of the head and neck are uncommon lesions but can cause significant morbidity in children and adults. The updated classification system described by the International Society for the Study of Vascular anomalies (ISSVA) categorizes these lesions as tumors and vascular malformations, with the vascular malformations further classified according to their flow characteristics. Imaging, along with a thorough clinical evaluation, plays a critical role in characterization of these lesions which is essential for appropriate treatment selection. We review the key imaging findings in the extracranial head and neck vascular lesions and the role of imaging in guiding management.
{"title":"Imaging of the Extracranial Vascular Lesions of the Head and Neck","authors":"Shivani Pahwa MD , Sherry L. Bayliff MD","doi":"10.1053/j.sult.2025.09.012","DOIUrl":"10.1053/j.sult.2025.09.012","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Vascular lesions of the head and neck are uncommon lesions but can cause significant morbidity in children and adults. The updated classification system described by the International Society for the Study of Vascular anomalies (ISSVA) categorizes these lesions as tumors and vascular malformations, with the vascular malformations further classified according to their flow characteristics. Imaging, along with a thorough clinical evaluation, plays a critical role in characterization of these lesions which is essential for appropriate treatment selection. We review the key imaging findings in the extracranial head and neck vascular lesions and the role of imaging in guiding management.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":49541,"journal":{"name":"Seminars in Ultrasound Ct and Mri","volume":"46 5","pages":"Pages 364-374"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2025-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145187365","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-09-22DOI: 10.1053/j.sult.2025.09.009
Gabriela Gayer
{"title":"Letter from the Editor","authors":"Gabriela Gayer","doi":"10.1053/j.sult.2025.09.009","DOIUrl":"10.1053/j.sult.2025.09.009","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":49541,"journal":{"name":"Seminars in Ultrasound Ct and Mri","volume":"46 6","pages":"Page 389"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2025-09-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145139203","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-09-10DOI: 10.1053/j.sult.2025.09.006
Sthefane Louise Gomes Nunes MD , Eleonora Salles-Silva MD , Luiza Carvalho Ambrozino MD , Paula Lemos de Castro MD , Mayra Veloso Ayrimoraes Soares MD , Antonio Luis Eiras-Araújo MD, PhD , Daniel Lahan-Martins MD, PhD , Eduardo O. Pacheco MD , Ulysses S. Torres MD, PhD , Giuseppe D’Ippolito MD, PhD , Daniella Braz Parente MD, PhD
Rare non-tumoral hepatic lesions encompass a heterogeneous group of vascular, post-traumatic, infectious, inflammatory, and reactive conditions. Diagnosis of these lesions is challenging due to variable imaging appearances and nonspecific clinical presentations, and many lesions are detected incidentally. Correlation with clinical and laboratory findings enhances diagnostic accuracy and supports individualized patient care. Recognition of characteristic imaging patterns is essential to raise diagnostic suspicion and guide appropriate management. This review illustrates the multiphasic CT and MRI features of uncommon hepatic entities (including toxocariasis, hydatid disease, hepatic tuberculosis, hereditary hemorrhagic telangiectasia, regenerative nodular hyperplasia, solitary necrotic nodule, intrahepatic splenosis, and peliosis), emphasizing the imaging hallmarks that facilitate their differentiation.
{"title":"Rare Non-Tumoral Lesions of the Liver: A Pictorial Review","authors":"Sthefane Louise Gomes Nunes MD , Eleonora Salles-Silva MD , Luiza Carvalho Ambrozino MD , Paula Lemos de Castro MD , Mayra Veloso Ayrimoraes Soares MD , Antonio Luis Eiras-Araújo MD, PhD , Daniel Lahan-Martins MD, PhD , Eduardo O. Pacheco MD , Ulysses S. Torres MD, PhD , Giuseppe D’Ippolito MD, PhD , Daniella Braz Parente MD, PhD","doi":"10.1053/j.sult.2025.09.006","DOIUrl":"10.1053/j.sult.2025.09.006","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Rare non-tumoral hepatic lesions encompass a heterogeneous group of vascular, post-traumatic, infectious, inflammatory, and reactive conditions. Diagnosis of these lesions is challenging due to variable imaging appearances and nonspecific clinical presentations, and many lesions are detected incidentally. Correlation with clinical and laboratory findings enhances diagnostic accuracy and supports individualized patient care. Recognition of characteristic imaging patterns is essential to raise diagnostic suspicion and guide appropriate management. This review illustrates the multiphasic CT and MRI features of uncommon hepatic entities (including toxocariasis, hydatid disease, hepatic tuberculosis, hereditary hemorrhagic telangiectasia, regenerative nodular hyperplasia, solitary necrotic nodule, intrahepatic splenosis, and peliosis), emphasizing the imaging hallmarks that facilitate their differentiation.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":49541,"journal":{"name":"Seminars in Ultrasound Ct and Mri","volume":"46 6","pages":"Pages 390-398"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2025-09-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145056122","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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