D. B. Walls, D. Banks, A. Boyce, D. Townsend, N. Burnside
Mine water geothermal's potential for decarbonisation of heating and cooling in the UK has led to increased national interest and development of new projects. In this study, mine water geothermal exploration has been coupled with ground investigation techniques to assess ground stability alongside seasonal mine water hydrogeology and geochemistry. Drilling operations in late 2020 at Dollar Colliery, Clackmannanshire, Scotland, encountered mined coal seams with varying conditions (void, intact, waste, etc.), reflecting different techniques used throughout a protracted mining history. We found that time and resources spent grouting casing through worked mine seams (ensuring hydraulic separation) can be saved by accessing deeper seams where those above are unworked. Continued assessment of existing water discharges and completion of boreholes with slotted liners into mined coal seams and fractured roof strata allowed chemical and water level changes to be monitored across a 1-year period. Mine water heads and mine discharge flow rates vary seasonally and are elevated between late autumn and early spring. The mine water has a low dissolved solute content. Dissolved sulphate- 34 S isotope data suggest increased pyrite oxidation during lower water levels. These findings can inform future building decisions, whereby housing developments on site could use the mine water for heating. Thematic collection: This article is part of the Early Career Research collection available at: https://www.lyellcollection.org/topic/collections/early-career-research Supplementary material: https://doi.org/10.6084/m9.figshare.22188801
{"title":"Combining ground stability investigation with exploratory drilling for mine water geothermal energy development. Lessons from exploration and monitoring.","authors":"D. B. Walls, D. Banks, A. Boyce, D. Townsend, N. Burnside","doi":"10.1144/sjg2022-011","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1144/sjg2022-011","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 Mine water geothermal's potential for decarbonisation of heating and cooling in the UK has led to increased national interest and development of new projects. In this study, mine water geothermal exploration has been coupled with ground investigation techniques to assess ground stability alongside seasonal mine water hydrogeology and geochemistry. Drilling operations in late 2020 at Dollar Colliery, Clackmannanshire, Scotland, encountered mined coal seams with varying conditions (void, intact, waste, etc.), reflecting different techniques used throughout a protracted mining history. We found that time and resources spent grouting casing through worked mine seams (ensuring hydraulic separation) can be saved by accessing deeper seams where those above are unworked. Continued assessment of existing water discharges and completion of boreholes with slotted liners into mined coal seams and fractured roof strata allowed chemical and water level changes to be monitored across a 1-year period. Mine water heads and mine discharge flow rates vary seasonally and are elevated between late autumn and early spring. The mine water has a low dissolved solute content. Dissolved sulphate-\u0000 34\u0000 S isotope data suggest increased pyrite oxidation during lower water levels. These findings can inform future building decisions, whereby housing developments on site could use the mine water for heating.\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 Thematic collection:\u0000 This article is part of the Early Career Research collection available at:\u0000 https://www.lyellcollection.org/topic/collections/early-career-research\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 Supplementary material:\u0000 https://doi.org/10.6084/m9.figshare.22188801\u0000","PeriodicalId":49556,"journal":{"name":"Scottish Journal of Geology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2023-03-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46739684","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The Assynt District in the Northwest Highlands is a veritable treasure trove of geological features, the most famous – amongst geologists – being the Moine Thrust. Perhaps less well known is that Assynt also hosts the most extensive cave systems in Scotland, developed in the Cambro-Ordovician Durness limestone. These two features are, of course, linked: Caledonian thrusting and folding resulted in thickening and fracturing of the limestone strata, allowing/enhancing the development of large cave systems.
{"title":"Book reviewCaves of Assynt (3rd edition), edited by TJ Lawson & PNF Dowswell. Grampian Speleological Group, Edinburgh, 2022. £20.00, 211 pp., ISBN 978-1-739735-0-3","authors":"M. Krabbendam","doi":"10.1144/sjg2023-002","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1144/sjg2023-002","url":null,"abstract":"The Assynt District in the Northwest Highlands is a veritable treasure trove of geological features, the most famous – amongst geologists – being the Moine Thrust. Perhaps less well known is that Assynt also hosts the most extensive cave systems in Scotland, developed in the Cambro-Ordovician Durness limestone. These two features are, of course, linked: Caledonian thrusting and folding resulted in thickening and fracturing of the limestone strata, allowing/enhancing the development of large cave systems.","PeriodicalId":49556,"journal":{"name":"Scottish Journal of Geology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2023-02-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46277419","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Michael A. Taylor, Andy McMillan, S. Stewart, L. I. Anderson
A slab of cephalopod limestone bears a dedicatory Latin inscription on the mausoleum built around 1684 by Sir John Clerk of Penicuik (1649–1722) for his wife Elizabeth Henderson (1658–83) at St Mungo's Church, Penicuik, near Edinburgh, Scotland. The stone is identified on sedimentological and palaeontological evidence and historical context as Ordovician ‘orthoceratite limestone’ from Sweden, probably the island of Öland, rather than Carboniferous cephalopod limestone from the much nearer Closeburn area of Dumfriesshire. ‘Orthoceratite limestone’ was little used in Great Britain, and mainly as paving, so its use in a funerary monument is unusual. It is, however, paralleled by contemporary examples at Winchester Cathedral. The Penicuik slab was probably imported either directly from Sweden, or through Rotterdam or another Netherlands entrepôt. It is the only surviving historical example of this stone known in Edinburgh and the Lothians, probably because of changing fashions, building demolition and renewal of worn paving. The inscription shows errors of composition, carving and installation, ascribed to inexperience or haste. The employment of ‘orthoceratite limestone’ is interpreted as seeking to emulate Roman use of marbles and similar ornamental stones. It contributes to the Penicuik mausoleum's significance as a pioneering example of classical or Antique architecture.
{"title":"The geological and historical milieu of an ornamental cephalopod limestone (‘orthoceratite limestone’, Ordovician, Sweden) used in the Clerk Mausoleum (1684), St Mungo's Kirkyard, Penicuik, Scotland","authors":"Michael A. Taylor, Andy McMillan, S. Stewart, L. I. Anderson","doi":"10.1144/sjg2022-007","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1144/sjg2022-007","url":null,"abstract":"A slab of cephalopod limestone bears a dedicatory Latin inscription on the mausoleum built around 1684 by Sir John Clerk of Penicuik (1649–1722) for his wife Elizabeth Henderson (1658–83) at St Mungo's Church, Penicuik, near Edinburgh, Scotland. The stone is identified on sedimentological and palaeontological evidence and historical context as Ordovician ‘orthoceratite limestone’ from Sweden, probably the island of Öland, rather than Carboniferous cephalopod limestone from the much nearer Closeburn area of Dumfriesshire. ‘Orthoceratite limestone’ was little used in Great Britain, and mainly as paving, so its use in a funerary monument is unusual. It is, however, paralleled by contemporary examples at Winchester Cathedral. The Penicuik slab was probably imported either directly from Sweden, or through Rotterdam or another Netherlands entrepôt. It is the only surviving historical example of this stone known in Edinburgh and the Lothians, probably because of changing fashions, building demolition and renewal of worn paving. The inscription shows errors of composition, carving and installation, ascribed to inexperience or haste. The employment of ‘orthoceratite limestone’ is interpreted as seeking to emulate Roman use of marbles and similar ornamental stones. It contributes to the Penicuik mausoleum's significance as a pioneering example of classical or Antique architecture.","PeriodicalId":49556,"journal":{"name":"Scottish Journal of Geology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2023-02-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49008697","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Ray Perman is a writer and journalist, a former Chair of the James Hutton Institute in Edinburgh, and a Fellow of the Royal Society of Edinburgh, of which James Hutton was a founding member. There have been five previous biographies of Hutton, but this thoroughly researched volume offers a detailed account of the life and work of the Great Man. It includes insights into his personality and explanations for some of the mysteries surrounding him. We are shown the society in which he lived, in the period described as The Enlightenment, and in which Hutton was both a product and a co-driver.
Ray Perman是一名作家和记者，曾任爱丁堡詹姆斯·赫顿研究所主席，也是爱丁堡皇家学会会员，詹姆斯·赫顿是该学会的创始成员。赫顿之前有五本传记，但这本经过深入研究的书详细描述了这位伟人的生活和工作。其中包括对他的个性的见解，以及对围绕他的一些谜团的解释。我们看到了他所生活的社会，在被描述为启蒙运动的时期，赫顿既是一个产物，也是一个共同驱动者。
{"title":"Book reviewJames Hutton: The Genius of Time, by Ray Perman, Berlinn Ltd. Edinburgh, 2022, £25, hardcopy and ebook, 290 pp., ISBN 978-1-78027-785-1","authors":"C. Braithwaite","doi":"10.1144/sjg2022-013","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1144/sjg2022-013","url":null,"abstract":"Ray Perman is a writer and journalist, a former Chair of the James Hutton Institute in Edinburgh, and a Fellow of the Royal Society of Edinburgh, of which James Hutton was a founding member. There have been five previous biographies of Hutton, but this thoroughly researched volume offers a detailed account of the life and work of the Great Man. It includes insights into his personality and explanations for some of the mysteries surrounding him. We are shown the society in which he lived, in the period described as The Enlightenment, and in which Hutton was both a product and a co-driver.","PeriodicalId":49556,"journal":{"name":"Scottish Journal of Geology","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2023-01-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44294175","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
R. Tipping, T. Kinnaird, Kirsty Dingwall, Irvine Ross
Excavation and survey of archaeological sites have in recent years generated new data on the chronology of river terraces on the River Dee between Banchory and Peterculter in Aberdeenshire. Terrace fragments have been mapped and correlated on altitudinal grounds, for the first time. Five terrace surfaces are identified and named, refining the terminology of the British Geological Survey (Merritt et al . 2003). Three are distinct surfaces within the Lochton Sand and Gravel Formation. The relation between them, regional deglaciation and the formation of the Late Devensian Loch of Park, north of Crathes, suggests some time separated their development. Below these, a fourth terrace, the Camphill Terrace, is dated to before the Windermere Interstadial by finds of Late Upper Palaeolithic flints. The Camphill Terrace is argued to have been the active valley floor within the Younger Dryas also. Timing of incision from the Camphill Terrace is not understood: interpretations are different at three archaeological sites. The youngest terrace fill and surface, the Maryculter Terrace, began to form c . 5000 years ago.
{"title":"Some geomorphological implications of recent archaeological investigations on river terraces of the River Dee, Aberdeenshire","authors":"R. Tipping, T. Kinnaird, Kirsty Dingwall, Irvine Ross","doi":"10.1144/sjg2022-010","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1144/sjg2022-010","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 Excavation and survey of archaeological sites have in recent years generated new data on the chronology of river terraces on the River Dee between Banchory and Peterculter in Aberdeenshire. Terrace fragments have been mapped and correlated on altitudinal grounds, for the first time. Five terrace surfaces are identified and named, refining the terminology of the British Geological Survey (Merritt\u0000 et al\u0000 . 2003). Three are distinct surfaces within the Lochton Sand and Gravel Formation. The relation between them, regional deglaciation and the formation of the Late Devensian Loch of Park, north of Crathes, suggests some time separated their development. Below these, a fourth terrace, the Camphill Terrace, is dated to before the Windermere Interstadial by finds of Late Upper Palaeolithic flints. The Camphill Terrace is argued to have been the active valley floor within the Younger Dryas also. Timing of incision from the Camphill Terrace is not understood: interpretations are different at three archaeological sites. The youngest terrace fill and surface, the Maryculter Terrace, began to form\u0000 c\u0000 . 5000 years ago.\u0000","PeriodicalId":49556,"journal":{"name":"Scottish Journal of Geology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2022-11-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48507370","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
S. Boyd, T. Kinnaird, Amit Kumar Srivastava, J. Whittaker, C. Bates
Ruddons Point, on the Firth of Forth coastline, Scotland, is a laterally extensive terrace of glacial and marine sediment deposits raised above current sea level, situated near to Kincraig Point, a key site that records a series of stepped erosional platforms carved into the local bedrock, interpreted as post Last Glacial Maximum paleoshorelines. The deposits at Ruddons Point continue inland, with exposures of the raised sands and gravels cut by the local river, the Cocklemill Burn. The site provides an opportunity to examine the depositional history through the Late Devensian and Holocene. Geophysical survey aided in interpreting characteristics of subsurface sediments such as the transition between the younger saltmarsh sediments and older underlying sands and clays below, which slope in a northerly direction. A chronology obtained through OSL dating spans from ∼29 ka for sands and clays at an elevation of -0.66 mOD to surface windblown sands at < 300 yrs, at an elevation of 8.45 mOD. A basal peat, dated by radiocarbon dating to the early Holocene at ∼9.2 kThematic collection: This article is part of the Early Career Research collection available at: https://www.lyellcollection.org/cc/SJG-early-career-researchSupplementary material:https://doi.org/10.6084/m9.figshare.c.6080999
{"title":"Investigation of coastal environmental change at Ruddons Point, Fife, southeast Scotland","authors":"S. Boyd, T. Kinnaird, Amit Kumar Srivastava, J. Whittaker, C. Bates","doi":"10.1144/sjg2022-005","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1144/sjg2022-005","url":null,"abstract":"Ruddons Point, on the Firth of Forth coastline, Scotland, is a laterally extensive terrace of glacial and marine sediment deposits raised above current sea level, situated near to Kincraig Point, a key site that records a series of stepped erosional platforms carved into the local bedrock, interpreted as post Last Glacial Maximum paleoshorelines. The deposits at Ruddons Point continue inland, with exposures of the raised sands and gravels cut by the local river, the Cocklemill Burn. The site provides an opportunity to examine the depositional history through the Late Devensian and Holocene. Geophysical survey aided in interpreting characteristics of subsurface sediments such as the transition between the younger saltmarsh sediments and older underlying sands and clays below, which slope in a northerly direction. A chronology obtained through OSL dating spans from ∼29 ka for sands and clays at an elevation of -0.66 mOD to surface windblown sands at < 300 yrs, at an elevation of 8.45 mOD. A basal peat, dated by radiocarbon dating to the early Holocene at ∼9.2 kThematic collection: This article is part of the Early Career Research collection available at: https://www.lyellcollection.org/cc/SJG-early-career-researchSupplementary material:https://doi.org/10.6084/m9.figshare.c.6080999","PeriodicalId":49556,"journal":{"name":"Scottish Journal of Geology","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2022-07-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42399298","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Remains of the chondrichthyan Psephodus Morris and Roberts, 1862, consist mainly of isolated tooth plates. The genus has a range from Late Devonian (Famennian) to Late Mississippian (Serpukhovian). The most complete specimen is a partially articulated set of teeth and tooth plates of the type species, P. magnus, from the early Serpukhovian of East Kilbride, Lanarkshire, Scotland. A row of minute nodes is present along the basal margins of the Lophodus-like and Helodus-like teeth of the East Kilbride specimen. This distinguishes these teeth from typical Lophodus-like and Helodus-like teeth. As in Helodus simplex, some specimens of Psephodus display varying degrees of fusion of teeth from the same labiolingually oriented file into tooth plates. However, unlike Helodus simplex, some specimens of Psephodus display fusion of mesiodistally separated tooth plates, each representing a fused tooth file, into a larger tooth plate. Psephodus, which crosses the Devonian-Carboniferous boundary, may be ancestral to other Mississippian holocephalians, such as Cochliodus or Chondrenchelys, in which dentitions consist of a few tooth plates with only few, or no, separate teeth. An unpublished watercolour by Agassiz's artist Dinkel depicts five tooth plates, which can be designated as syntypes of P. magnus. A lectotype for Psephodus crenulatus is designated.
{"title":"The Palaeozoic genus Psephodus (Chondrichthyes, Cochliodontiformes) and the transition from teeth to tooth plates in holocephalians","authors":"W. Itano","doi":"10.1144/sjg2021-016","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1144/sjg2021-016","url":null,"abstract":"Remains of the chondrichthyan Psephodus Morris and Roberts, 1862, consist mainly of isolated tooth plates. The genus has a range from Late Devonian (Famennian) to Late Mississippian (Serpukhovian). The most complete specimen is a partially articulated set of teeth and tooth plates of the type species, P. magnus, from the early Serpukhovian of East Kilbride, Lanarkshire, Scotland. A row of minute nodes is present along the basal margins of the Lophodus-like and Helodus-like teeth of the East Kilbride specimen. This distinguishes these teeth from typical Lophodus-like and Helodus-like teeth. As in Helodus simplex, some specimens of Psephodus display varying degrees of fusion of teeth from the same labiolingually oriented file into tooth plates. However, unlike Helodus simplex, some specimens of Psephodus display fusion of mesiodistally separated tooth plates, each representing a fused tooth file, into a larger tooth plate. Psephodus, which crosses the Devonian-Carboniferous boundary, may be ancestral to other Mississippian holocephalians, such as Cochliodus or Chondrenchelys, in which dentitions consist of a few tooth plates with only few, or no, separate teeth. An unpublished watercolour by Agassiz's artist Dinkel depicts five tooth plates, which can be designated as syntypes of P. magnus. A lectotype for Psephodus crenulatus is designated.","PeriodicalId":49556,"journal":{"name":"Scottish Journal of Geology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2022-06-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44895471","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Mesacanthus mitchelli is an important taxon in elucidating relationships amongst stem chondrichthyans, being the best known and most abundant of the oldest known acanthodiform acanthodians. Here we note some newly recognised morphological features and describe the histological structure of the endoskeleton and dermal elements. The jaws are preserved as a single layer of irregularly tessellate bone-like mineralisations. A mandibular bone is not present, contrary to previous descriptions. Fin spines have a wide central cavity that is more than half the width at mid-spine level. Prepelvic spines have a very narrow leading edge ridge and a wide open pulp cavity. Head sensory lines are enclosed by a pair of tesserae with a smooth crown, flat base and concave sides, bordering the sensory line canal. The tiny body scales have a relatively large pulp cavity in the embryonic zone. The large size of the eyes relative to the head and body size in Mesacanthus mitchelli, the structure and small size of the scales relative to those of other acanthodians of a similar size, and the wide central pulp cavity in the spines, all indicate that the species is likely to have undergone paedomorphism.
{"title":"New information on the Early Devonian acanthodian Mesacanthus mitchelli from the Midland Valley of Scotland","authors":"C. Burrow, J. D. Den Blaauwen, M. Newman","doi":"10.1144/sjg2021-004","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1144/sjg2021-004","url":null,"abstract":"Mesacanthus mitchelli is an important taxon in elucidating relationships amongst stem chondrichthyans, being the best known and most abundant of the oldest known acanthodiform acanthodians. Here we note some newly recognised morphological features and describe the histological structure of the endoskeleton and dermal elements. The jaws are preserved as a single layer of irregularly tessellate bone-like mineralisations. A mandibular bone is not present, contrary to previous descriptions. Fin spines have a wide central cavity that is more than half the width at mid-spine level. Prepelvic spines have a very narrow leading edge ridge and a wide open pulp cavity. Head sensory lines are enclosed by a pair of tesserae with a smooth crown, flat base and concave sides, bordering the sensory line canal. The tiny body scales have a relatively large pulp cavity in the embryonic zone. The large size of the eyes relative to the head and body size in Mesacanthus mitchelli, the structure and small size of the scales relative to those of other acanthodians of a similar size, and the wide central pulp cavity in the spines, all indicate that the species is likely to have undergone paedomorphism.","PeriodicalId":49556,"journal":{"name":"Scottish Journal of Geology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2022-06-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46432358","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Carbonaceous residues occur in mudstones and turbidites of the Lower Paleozoic accretionary prism in Ireland and Scotland (Longford-Down, Southern Uplands). The accretionary prism was host to fluid migration during both the Lower Paleozoic and Carboniferous–Triassic, so the age of the carbonaceous fluids is uncertain. Raman spectroscopy data for the carbonaceous residues in the Lower Paleozoic rocks indicate palaeotemperatures similar to those measured in their host rocks, and much higher than those in the Carboniferous cover rocks or in residues in the cover rocks. These data show that residues in the prism rocks are of Lower Paleozoic age, and were not contributed by younger mineralizing fluids. The residues represent hydrocarbons generated from source rocks in the prism that were part of the Ordovician–Silurian deposits of the Iapetus Ocean.
{"title":"Carbonaceous residues in the Southern Uplands accretionary prism of Ireland and Scotland","authors":"A. Schito, D. Muirhead, J. Parnell","doi":"10.1144/sjg2021-021","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1144/sjg2021-021","url":null,"abstract":"Carbonaceous residues occur in mudstones and turbidites of the Lower Paleozoic accretionary prism in Ireland and Scotland (Longford-Down, Southern Uplands). The accretionary prism was host to fluid migration during both the Lower Paleozoic and Carboniferous–Triassic, so the age of the carbonaceous fluids is uncertain. Raman spectroscopy data for the carbonaceous residues in the Lower Paleozoic rocks indicate palaeotemperatures similar to those measured in their host rocks, and much higher than those in the Carboniferous cover rocks or in residues in the cover rocks. These data show that residues in the prism rocks are of Lower Paleozoic age, and were not contributed by younger mineralizing fluids. The residues represent hydrocarbons generated from source rocks in the prism that were part of the Ordovician–Silurian deposits of the Iapetus Ocean.","PeriodicalId":49556,"journal":{"name":"Scottish Journal of Geology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2022-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46979003","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
A. Carracedo, F. Stuart, L. Di Nicola, J. Faithfull
The High Possil and Strathmore L6 chondrites fell in Scotland in 1804 and 1917 respectively. Unravelling their cosmic-ray exposure (CRE) ages provides crucial information about when they were ejected from the parent body, how they were delivered to Earth and is ultimately important for understanding the dynamics of small bodies in the solar system. Here we use new measurements of the Ne and Ar isotopic composition to determine CRE ages of both meteorites. Duplicated cosmogenic 21Ne and 38Ar concentrations yield CRE ages of 44.6 ± 4.6 Ma for High Possil and 15.4 ± 1.3 Ma for Strathmore. These coincide with well-established peaks in the ejection record for the L6 chondrites. They yield 40Ar gas retention ages in excess of 3.15 Ga, which is consistent with both meteorites originating at depth within the parent body at the time of asteroidal break-up. Thematic collection: This article is part of the Early Career Research collection available at: https://www.lyellcollection.org/cc/SJG-early-career-research
High Possil和Strathmore L6球粒陨石分别于1804年和1917年在苏格兰坠落。解开它们的宇宙射线暴露（CRE）年龄提供了关于它们何时从母体喷出、如何被输送到地球的关键信息，对于理解太阳系中小天体的动力学至关重要。在这里，我们使用Ne和Ar同位素组成的新测量来确定这两颗陨石的CRE年龄。重复的宇宙成因21Ne和38Ar浓度产生44.6的CRE年龄 ± 4.6 Ma表示高位和15.4 ± 1.3 马代表斯特拉斯莫尔。这些与L6球粒陨石弹射记录中已确定的峰值一致。它们产生超过3.15的40Ar气体保留年龄 Ga，这与小行星解体时起源于母体深处的两颗陨石一致。主题集：本文是早期职业研究集的一部分，可在以下网站获取：https://www.lyellcollection.org/cc/SJG-early-career-research
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