Pub Date : 2010-04-16DOI: 10.1080/10641260903430522
A. L. Korai, K. Lashari, G. A. Sahato, T. Kazi
Gill epithelium is a major site of gaseous exchange. The aim of the present study was to detect heavy metals content from the gills of L. rohita H., C. catla H., and C. mrigala H., respectively, from Keenjhar Lake water and to evaluate the histological alterations from the gills, due to the accumulation of waterborne toxicants. Heavy metals content was detected via flame atomic absorption spectrometer (FAAS) and electro thermal atomic absorption (ETAAS). The pathologic lesions of the gills included hypertrophy, hyperplasia, fusion of secondary gill lamella, aneurism, hemorrhage, vascular congestion, proliferation, dislocation, hyperemia, and deformities of gill arches. The gills of C. mrigala H. showed extensive range of histological alterations, even elevated heavy metals burden. Heavy metal content from the gill of C. mrigala H. were 3.29, 4.25, 4.57, 4.06, 97.68, 75.06, 10.11, 10.36, and 11.09 μ g g− 1 dry weight for Cd, Ni, Zn, Pb, Fe, Ca, Cu, Cr, and Co, respectively. Heavy metals content exhibited in Keenjhar Lake water was in descending order as Ca < Cu < Fe < Zn < Co < Cr < Pb < Ni < Cd; however, Zn, Pb, and Co were higher than permissible limits, while the rest of the elements were below than those of permissible limits recommended by the World Health Organization. Heavy metal content from the gills of cyprinids was variable.
鳃上皮是气体交换的主要部位。本研究的目的是检测来自Keenjhar湖水的L. rohita H.、C. catla H.和C. mrigala H.的鳃中重金属的含量，并评估由于水生毒物积累而引起的鳃的组织学改变。采用火焰原子吸收光谱仪(FAAS)和电热原子吸收光谱仪(ETAAS)测定重金属含量。鳃的病理病变包括肥大、增生、继发性鳃片融合、动脉瘤、出血、血管充血、增生、脱位、充血和鳃弓畸形。鱼鳃表现出广泛的组织学改变，甚至重金属负荷升高。鱼鳃重金属Cd、Ni、Zn、Pb、Fe、Ca、Cu、Cr和Co含量分别为3.29、4.25、4.57、4.06、97.68、75.06、10.11、10.36和11.09 μ g g−1干重。Keenjhar湖水重金属含量由高到低依次为Ca < Cu < Fe < Zn < Co < Cr < Pb < Ni < Cd;但锌、铅、钴均高于允许限量，其余元素均低于世界卫生组织建议的允许限量。鲤鳃的重金属含量是可变的。
{"title":"Histological Lesions in Gills of Feral Cyprinids, Related to the Uptake of Waterborne Toxicants from Keenjhar Lake","authors":"A. L. Korai, K. Lashari, G. A. Sahato, T. Kazi","doi":"10.1080/10641260903430522","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/10641260903430522","url":null,"abstract":"Gill epithelium is a major site of gaseous exchange. The aim of the present study was to detect heavy metals content from the gills of L. rohita H., C. catla H., and C. mrigala H., respectively, from Keenjhar Lake water and to evaluate the histological alterations from the gills, due to the accumulation of waterborne toxicants. Heavy metals content was detected via flame atomic absorption spectrometer (FAAS) and electro thermal atomic absorption (ETAAS). The pathologic lesions of the gills included hypertrophy, hyperplasia, fusion of secondary gill lamella, aneurism, hemorrhage, vascular congestion, proliferation, dislocation, hyperemia, and deformities of gill arches. The gills of C. mrigala H. showed extensive range of histological alterations, even elevated heavy metals burden. Heavy metal content from the gill of C. mrigala H. were 3.29, 4.25, 4.57, 4.06, 97.68, 75.06, 10.11, 10.36, and 11.09 μ g g− 1 dry weight for Cd, Ni, Zn, Pb, Fe, Ca, Cu, Cr, and Co, respectively. Heavy metals content exhibited in Keenjhar Lake water was in descending order as Ca < Cu < Fe < Zn < Co < Cr < Pb < Ni < Cd; however, Zn, Pb, and Co were higher than permissible limits, while the rest of the elements were below than those of permissible limits recommended by the World Health Organization. Heavy metal content from the gills of cyprinids was variable.","PeriodicalId":49627,"journal":{"name":"Reviews in Fisheries Science","volume":"18 1","pages":"157 - 176"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2010-04-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/10641260903430522","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"59679813","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2009-12-11DOI: 10.1080/10641260903325680
A. Tacon, M. Metian, G. Turchini, S. S. De Silva
Hunger and malnutrition remain among the most devastating problems facing the world's poor and needy, and continue to dominate the health and well-being of the world's poorest nations. Moreover, there are growing doubts as to the long-term sustainability of many existing food production systems, including capture fisheries and aquaculture, to meet the future increasing global demands. Of the different agricultural food production systems, aquaculture (the farming of aquatic animals and plants) is widely viewed as an important weapon in the global fight against malnutrition and poverty, particularly within developing countries where over 93% of global production is currently produced, providing in most instances an affordable and a much needed source of high quality animal protein, lipids, and other essential nutrients. The current article compares for the first time the development and growth of the aquaculture sector and capture fisheries by analyzing production by mean trophic level. Whereas marine capture fisheries have been feeding the world on high trophic level carnivorous fish species since mankind has been fishing the oceans, aquaculture production within developing countries has focused, by and large, on the production of lower trophic level species. However, like capture fisheries, aquaculture focus within economically developed countries has been essentially on the culture of high value-, high trophic level-carnivorous species. The long term sustainability of these production systems is questionable unless the industry can reduce its dependence upon capture fisheries for sourcing raw materials for feed formulation and seed inputs. In line with above, the article calls for the urgent need for all countries to adopt and adhere to the principles and guidelines for responsible aquaculture of the FAO Code of Conduct for Responsible Fisheries.
{"title":"Responsible Aquaculture and Trophic Level Implications to Global Fish Supply","authors":"A. Tacon, M. Metian, G. Turchini, S. S. De Silva","doi":"10.1080/10641260903325680","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/10641260903325680","url":null,"abstract":"Hunger and malnutrition remain among the most devastating problems facing the world's poor and needy, and continue to dominate the health and well-being of the world's poorest nations. Moreover, there are growing doubts as to the long-term sustainability of many existing food production systems, including capture fisheries and aquaculture, to meet the future increasing global demands. Of the different agricultural food production systems, aquaculture (the farming of aquatic animals and plants) is widely viewed as an important weapon in the global fight against malnutrition and poverty, particularly within developing countries where over 93% of global production is currently produced, providing in most instances an affordable and a much needed source of high quality animal protein, lipids, and other essential nutrients. The current article compares for the first time the development and growth of the aquaculture sector and capture fisheries by analyzing production by mean trophic level. Whereas marine capture fisheries have been feeding the world on high trophic level carnivorous fish species since mankind has been fishing the oceans, aquaculture production within developing countries has focused, by and large, on the production of lower trophic level species. However, like capture fisheries, aquaculture focus within economically developed countries has been essentially on the culture of high value-, high trophic level-carnivorous species. The long term sustainability of these production systems is questionable unless the industry can reduce its dependence upon capture fisheries for sourcing raw materials for feed formulation and seed inputs. In line with above, the article calls for the urgent need for all countries to adopt and adhere to the principles and guidelines for responsible aquaculture of the FAO Code of Conduct for Responsible Fisheries.","PeriodicalId":49627,"journal":{"name":"Reviews in Fisheries Science","volume":"18 1","pages":"105 - 94"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2009-12-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/10641260903325680","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"59679727","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2009-12-11DOI: 10.1080/10641260903434557
Johanna E. Johnson, David Welch
Marine capture fisheries are an important source of protein globally, with coastal and oceanic fish providing a rich source of essential fatty acids, vitamins, and minerals. Fisheries also support economies and important social structures in many nations, particularly developing nations (Allison et al., 2009). Marine fisheries are under increasing threat from climate change, with climate change now identified as the latest threat to the world's fast declining fish stocks (UNEP, 2008; Cochrane et al., 2009). Marine fisheries will be exposed to increasing sea surface temperatures, ocean acidification, sea level rise, increasing storm intensity and altered ocean circulation, and rainfall patterns that will affect target species through a range of direct and indirect mechanisms. The sensitivity of fish stocks to these changes will determine the range of potential impacts to life cycles, species distributions, community structure, productivity, connectivity, organism performance, recruitment dynamics, prevalence of invasive species, and access to marine resources by fishers. Many fisheries are already experiencing changes in target species diversity and abundance, species distribution, and habitat area, as well as loss of fishing effort due to intensifying storms (Johnson and Marshall, 2007; Hobday et al., 2008; UNEP, 2008). Using a vulnerability assessment framework, we examine the level of vulnerability of marine fisheries to climate change and the factors that will temper vulnerability, such as adaptive capacity. Assessing fisheries vulnerability to climate change is essential to prioritize systems in greatest need of intervention, understand the drivers of vulnerability to identify future research directions, and more importantly, to review current fisheries management with the view to develop management responses that will be effective in securing the future sustainability of marine fisheries.
海洋捕捞渔业是全球蛋白质的重要来源，沿海和海洋鱼类提供了丰富的必需脂肪酸、维生素和矿物质。渔业还支持许多国家，特别是发展中国家的经济和重要的社会结构(Allison et al.， 2009)。海洋渔业受到气候变化的威胁越来越大，气候变化现在被确定为对世界快速下降的鱼类资源的最新威胁(UNEP, 2008;Cochrane et al.， 2009)。海洋渔业将面临海面温度升高、海洋酸化、海平面上升、风暴强度增加、海洋环流改变以及降雨模式的影响，这些将通过一系列直接和间接机制影响目标物种。鱼类种群对这些变化的敏感性将决定对生命周期、物种分布、群落结构、生产力、连通性、生物性能、招募动态、入侵物种流行以及渔民获取海洋资源的潜在影响范围。许多渔业已经经历了目标物种多样性和丰度、物种分布和栖息地面积的变化，以及由于风暴加剧而造成的捕捞损失(Johnson和Marshall, 2007;Hobday et al.， 2008;联合国环境规划署,2008)。利用脆弱性评估框架，我们研究了海洋渔业对气候变化的脆弱性水平以及缓和脆弱性的因素，如适应能力。评估渔业对气候变化的脆弱性对于确定最需要干预的系统的优先次序，了解脆弱性的驱动因素以确定未来的研究方向至关重要，更重要的是，审查当前的渔业管理，以制定有效的管理对策，以确保海洋渔业的未来可持续性。
{"title":"Marine Fisheries Management in a Changing Climate: A Review of Vulnerability and Future Options","authors":"Johanna E. Johnson, David Welch","doi":"10.1080/10641260903434557","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/10641260903434557","url":null,"abstract":"Marine capture fisheries are an important source of protein globally, with coastal and oceanic fish providing a rich source of essential fatty acids, vitamins, and minerals. Fisheries also support economies and important social structures in many nations, particularly developing nations (Allison et al., 2009). Marine fisheries are under increasing threat from climate change, with climate change now identified as the latest threat to the world's fast declining fish stocks (UNEP, 2008; Cochrane et al., 2009). Marine fisheries will be exposed to increasing sea surface temperatures, ocean acidification, sea level rise, increasing storm intensity and altered ocean circulation, and rainfall patterns that will affect target species through a range of direct and indirect mechanisms. The sensitivity of fish stocks to these changes will determine the range of potential impacts to life cycles, species distributions, community structure, productivity, connectivity, organism performance, recruitment dynamics, prevalence of invasive species, and access to marine resources by fishers. Many fisheries are already experiencing changes in target species diversity and abundance, species distribution, and habitat area, as well as loss of fishing effort due to intensifying storms (Johnson and Marshall, 2007; Hobday et al., 2008; UNEP, 2008). Using a vulnerability assessment framework, we examine the level of vulnerability of marine fisheries to climate change and the factors that will temper vulnerability, such as adaptive capacity. Assessing fisheries vulnerability to climate change is essential to prioritize systems in greatest need of intervention, understand the drivers of vulnerability to identify future research directions, and more importantly, to review current fisheries management with the view to develop management responses that will be effective in securing the future sustainability of marine fisheries.","PeriodicalId":49627,"journal":{"name":"Reviews in Fisheries Science","volume":"18 1","pages":"106 - 124"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2009-12-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/10641260903434557","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"59679891","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2009-12-11DOI: 10.1080/10641260903491003
S. Berber, H. Yildiz, A. Ateş, M. Bulut, M. Mendes
This study was carried out to investigate relationships between some morphological and reproductive traits of the Turkish crayfish, A. leptodactylus, collected from a controlled irrigation lake in the Yenice province (Çanakkale, Turkey), between July 2007 and June 2008. For this objective, two multivariate analysis techniques, namely canonical correlation analysis and multivariate multiple linear regression analysis, were used. The results of the canonical correlation analysis have shown that the morphological traits may be used to predict the changes in the reproductive traits. For instance, canonical correlation analysis results suggested that the egg weight and the number of eggs are related to the total length, carapace length, and carapace width. The results of multivariate multiple linear regression analysis, on the other hand, show a slightly different picture. Therefore, it is possible to conclude that both canonical correlation and multivariate regression results can be taken into consideration together when investigating the relations between two variable sets.
{"title":"A Study on the Relationships between Some Morphological and Reproductive Traits of the Turkish Crayfish, Astacus leptodactylus Eschscholtz, 1823 (Crustacea: Decapoda)","authors":"S. Berber, H. Yildiz, A. Ateş, M. Bulut, M. Mendes","doi":"10.1080/10641260903491003","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/10641260903491003","url":null,"abstract":"This study was carried out to investigate relationships between some morphological and reproductive traits of the Turkish crayfish, A. leptodactylus, collected from a controlled irrigation lake in the Yenice province (Çanakkale, Turkey), between July 2007 and June 2008. For this objective, two multivariate analysis techniques, namely canonical correlation analysis and multivariate multiple linear regression analysis, were used. The results of the canonical correlation analysis have shown that the morphological traits may be used to predict the changes in the reproductive traits. For instance, canonical correlation analysis results suggested that the egg weight and the number of eggs are related to the total length, carapace length, and carapace width. The results of multivariate multiple linear regression analysis, on the other hand, show a slightly different picture. Therefore, it is possible to conclude that both canonical correlation and multivariate regression results can be taken into consideration together when investigating the relations between two variable sets.","PeriodicalId":49627,"journal":{"name":"Reviews in Fisheries Science","volume":"18 1","pages":"131 - 137"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2009-12-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/10641260903491003","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"59679952","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2009-12-11DOI: 10.1080/10641260903295909
E. Williams, L. Bunkley-Williams
We report 125 parasites and associates of Dolphin, Coryphaena hippurus, and 28 of Pompano Dolphin, Coryphaena equiselis, including 8 new host records. We correct and explain problems in the literature in updating these checklists, including 64 confusions, 63 synonyms used, 51 omissions, 14 errors, 13 stomach contents called parasites, 9 incorrect species, 7 nomen nudums used, 7 incorrect higher classifications, 6 false hosts, and resolve the old controversy of Bathycotyle branchialis/B. coryphaenae preferred location in the gills, but not of its identity, the identity of Benedenia hendorffii, nor the mysterious rarity of Echinophallus lonchinobothrium and Plicocestus janickii. Most of the known parasites of dolphins actually rarely occur on these hosts. Dinurus hippurus, D. ivanosi, Floriceps saccatus, Metabronema magna, and Pennella sp. occur in limited geographic areas. However, 14 species of parasites occur commonly in the Dolphin and 5 in the Pompano Dolphin around the world. Charopinopsis quaternia is almost host specific and a characteristic parasite; Hysterothylacium pelagicum is genus specific and characteristic; Dinurus barbatus, D. breviductus, D. hippurus, D. longisinus, and D. tornatus are characteristic; Caligus quadratus, Hirudinella ventricosa, and Tetrochetus coryphaenae are primary parasites; Bathycotyle branchialis (or B. coryphaenae), Benedenia hendorffii, and Stephanostomum coryphaenae are host specific to the Dolphin; Pennella sp. is genus specific to dolphins. The Dolphin is the preferred host of Euryphorus nordmanni, a preferred host of Lernaeenicus longiventris, and dolphins are preferred hosts of Caligus coryphaenae. Rhadinorhynchus pristis is a secondary parasite. Caligus quadratus and Kudoa thyrsites may, and Neobenedenia melleni and M. pargueraensis will cause problems in Dolphin aquaculture. Only nine species of parasites have been shown to harm the Dolphin in nature, but this area is largely unknown. More dolphin parasites are known from the NW Atlantic, but this is study bias, not reality. Dolphins appear to be parasitologically isolated from other families of fishes. The distributions of some Dolphin parasites suggest this worldwide host may be separated into populations that have little communication.
{"title":"Checklists of the Parasites of Dolphin, Coryphaena hippurus, and Pompano Dolphin, C. equiselis with New Records, Corrections, and Comments on the Literature","authors":"E. Williams, L. Bunkley-Williams","doi":"10.1080/10641260903295909","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/10641260903295909","url":null,"abstract":"We report 125 parasites and associates of Dolphin, Coryphaena hippurus, and 28 of Pompano Dolphin, Coryphaena equiselis, including 8 new host records. We correct and explain problems in the literature in updating these checklists, including 64 confusions, 63 synonyms used, 51 omissions, 14 errors, 13 stomach contents called parasites, 9 incorrect species, 7 nomen nudums used, 7 incorrect higher classifications, 6 false hosts, and resolve the old controversy of Bathycotyle branchialis/B. coryphaenae preferred location in the gills, but not of its identity, the identity of Benedenia hendorffii, nor the mysterious rarity of Echinophallus lonchinobothrium and Plicocestus janickii. Most of the known parasites of dolphins actually rarely occur on these hosts. Dinurus hippurus, D. ivanosi, Floriceps saccatus, Metabronema magna, and Pennella sp. occur in limited geographic areas. However, 14 species of parasites occur commonly in the Dolphin and 5 in the Pompano Dolphin around the world. Charopinopsis quaternia is almost host specific and a characteristic parasite; Hysterothylacium pelagicum is genus specific and characteristic; Dinurus barbatus, D. breviductus, D. hippurus, D. longisinus, and D. tornatus are characteristic; Caligus quadratus, Hirudinella ventricosa, and Tetrochetus coryphaenae are primary parasites; Bathycotyle branchialis (or B. coryphaenae), Benedenia hendorffii, and Stephanostomum coryphaenae are host specific to the Dolphin; Pennella sp. is genus specific to dolphins. The Dolphin is the preferred host of Euryphorus nordmanni, a preferred host of Lernaeenicus longiventris, and dolphins are preferred hosts of Caligus coryphaenae. Rhadinorhynchus pristis is a secondary parasite. Caligus quadratus and Kudoa thyrsites may, and Neobenedenia melleni and M. pargueraensis will cause problems in Dolphin aquaculture. Only nine species of parasites have been shown to harm the Dolphin in nature, but this area is largely unknown. More dolphin parasites are known from the NW Atlantic, but this is study bias, not reality. Dolphins appear to be parasitologically isolated from other families of fishes. The distributions of some Dolphin parasites suggest this worldwide host may be separated into populations that have little communication.","PeriodicalId":49627,"journal":{"name":"Reviews in Fisheries Science","volume":"18 1","pages":"73 - 93"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2009-12-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/10641260903295909","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"59679684","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2009-12-11DOI: 10.1080/10641260903477499
Jiaoling Zheng, W. Zhuang, Y. T. Yi, Gang Wu, J. Gong, H. Shao
Molecular biology techniques have been applied in aquatic areas with great success and have largely replaced traditional methods as a fishery management tool. Molecular biology techniques are focused on the cultivation of high-yield and stress-resistant varieties, detecting and preventing diseases as well as the development of new types of better breeding technology. The aim of this article is to introduce applications of molecular biology and techniques into these areas.
{"title":"Developmentally Utilizing Molecular Biological Techniques into Aquaculture","authors":"Jiaoling Zheng, W. Zhuang, Y. T. Yi, Gang Wu, J. Gong, H. Shao","doi":"10.1080/10641260903477499","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/10641260903477499","url":null,"abstract":"Molecular biology techniques have been applied in aquatic areas with great success and have largely replaced traditional methods as a fishery management tool. Molecular biology techniques are focused on the cultivation of high-yield and stress-resistant varieties, detecting and preventing diseases as well as the development of new types of better breeding technology. The aim of this article is to introduce applications of molecular biology and techniques into these areas.","PeriodicalId":49627,"journal":{"name":"Reviews in Fisheries Science","volume":"18 1","pages":"125 - 130"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2009-12-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/10641260903477499","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"59679946","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2009-12-09DOI: 10.1080/10641260903318230
N. B. H. Hamida, O. H. Abdallah, M. Ghorbel, O. Jarboui, H. Missaoui
The feeding habits of the bluespotted seabream, Pagrus caeruleostictus, in the Gulf of Gabes (Southern Tunisia) were investigated with respect to fish size and season. Stomach contents of 1,452 individuals with a total length ranging from 5.7–49.2 cm, were taken at monthly intervals and analyzed (September 2005–August 2006). Among the stomachs examined, 951 (74%) were empty. The percentage varied very highly significant with season. The feeding habits of P. caeruleostictus, in the Gulf of Gabes were studied using frequency of occurrence, numeric percentage, percentage by weight, and an index of relative importance. A total of 25 different prey species belonging to 7 major groups (Crustacean, Teleostei, Mollusc, Annelids, Echinoderms, Plantae, and Tunicata) were identified in the stomach contents. The proportion of Teleostei in stomach contents increased with the size of the bluespotted seabream.
{"title":"The Feeding Habits of the Bluespotted Seabream, Pagrus caeruleostictus (Valenciennes, 1830), in the Gulf of Gabes (Central Mediterranean)","authors":"N. B. H. Hamida, O. H. Abdallah, M. Ghorbel, O. Jarboui, H. Missaoui","doi":"10.1080/10641260903318230","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/10641260903318230","url":null,"abstract":"The feeding habits of the bluespotted seabream, Pagrus caeruleostictus, in the Gulf of Gabes (Southern Tunisia) were investigated with respect to fish size and season. Stomach contents of 1,452 individuals with a total length ranging from 5.7–49.2 cm, were taken at monthly intervals and analyzed (September 2005–August 2006). Among the stomachs examined, 951 (74%) were empty. The percentage varied very highly significant with season. The feeding habits of P. caeruleostictus, in the Gulf of Gabes were studied using frequency of occurrence, numeric percentage, percentage by weight, and an index of relative importance. A total of 25 different prey species belonging to 7 major groups (Crustacean, Teleostei, Mollusc, Annelids, Echinoderms, Plantae, and Tunicata) were identified in the stomach contents. The proportion of Teleostei in stomach contents increased with the size of the bluespotted seabream.","PeriodicalId":49627,"journal":{"name":"Reviews in Fisheries Science","volume":"10 38 1","pages":"65 - 72"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2009-12-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/10641260903318230","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"59679698","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2009-12-09DOI: 10.1080/10641260903304487
David L. Smith, J. Nestler, G. Johnson, R. A. Goodwin
The vertical and horizontal distribution of juvenile salmonid migrants on approach to the dams influences bypass success in rivers. Accordingly, fish distributions have been studied for nearly three decades. These studies, however, have not been integrated and summarized in a single body of work to determine overall patterns in the spatial distribution of emigrants. We reviewed peer-reviewed and gray literature to summarize species-specific trends in the horizontal and vertical distributions of emigrating salmonids as measured by several different methods. We found that there were no species-specific differences in horizontal distributions and that fish were often oriented with the river thalweg. There were weak differences between species in vertical distributions, e.g., juvenile yearling steelhead were shallower during the day than yearling Chinook salmon. For sockeye, coho, and subyearling Chinook salmon, the data were limited or conflicting. Studies were purposefully designed to measure distributions at certain dams under particular environmental conditions for specific, local purposes. The non-standard sampling design has hampered the development of testable hypothesis on fish distributions in the Snake and Columbia rivers. Recent advances in individual-based models are offering the potential to forecast fish distributions near dams and facilitate improved bypass system design.
{"title":"Species-Specific Spatial and Temporal Distribution Patterns of Emigrating Juvenile Salmonids in the Pacific Northwest","authors":"David L. Smith, J. Nestler, G. Johnson, R. A. Goodwin","doi":"10.1080/10641260903304487","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/10641260903304487","url":null,"abstract":"The vertical and horizontal distribution of juvenile salmonid migrants on approach to the dams influences bypass success in rivers. Accordingly, fish distributions have been studied for nearly three decades. These studies, however, have not been integrated and summarized in a single body of work to determine overall patterns in the spatial distribution of emigrants. We reviewed peer-reviewed and gray literature to summarize species-specific trends in the horizontal and vertical distributions of emigrating salmonids as measured by several different methods. We found that there were no species-specific differences in horizontal distributions and that fish were often oriented with the river thalweg. There were weak differences between species in vertical distributions, e.g., juvenile yearling steelhead were shallower during the day than yearling Chinook salmon. For sockeye, coho, and subyearling Chinook salmon, the data were limited or conflicting. Studies were purposefully designed to measure distributions at certain dams under particular environmental conditions for specific, local purposes. The non-standard sampling design has hampered the development of testable hypothesis on fish distributions in the Snake and Columbia rivers. Recent advances in individual-based models are offering the potential to forecast fish distributions near dams and facilitate improved bypass system design.","PeriodicalId":49627,"journal":{"name":"Reviews in Fisheries Science","volume":"38 1","pages":"40 - 64"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2009-12-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/10641260903304487","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"59679692","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2009-11-19DOI: 10.1080/10641260903267445
U. Güner, M. Harlıoğlu
This review focuses on the present distribution of two crayfish species: narrow-clawed crayfish Astacus leptodactylus Eschscholtz and stone crayfish Austropotamobius torrentium (Schrank, 1803) in Thrace region of Turkey. The only known native (indigenous) freshwater crayfish species of Turkey is A. leptodactylus. It is found at more sites than A. torrentium. On the other hand, A. torrentium is only found in Thrace region of Turkey. The first population of A. torrentium was observed in Velika River in 1995. In 2006, the second population of A. torrentium was found in Madara Brook in the region, but the abundance of A. torrentium in Madara Brook was very low in comparison to Velika River. Moreover, further studies carried out in some water resources near the population of A. torrentium, such as De[vgrave]irmen Brook, Poyralı Brook, and Hasköy Brook confirmed that no other populations of this species are present in the region at present. Therefore, it can be concluded that A. torrentium is only present in the northwest of Marmara river basin (Istaranca Mountain Part) and A. leptodactylus is widely distributed throughout the places located to the south of Marmara river basin, and Istaranca Mountain might be a border line that separates A. leptodactylus and A. torrentium populations. Moreover, except the presence of these two species, no other crayfish species are found in the Thrace region of Turkey at present.
{"title":"Status of Freshwater Crayfish Distribution in Thrace Region of Turkey","authors":"U. Güner, M. Harlıoğlu","doi":"10.1080/10641260903267445","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/10641260903267445","url":null,"abstract":"This review focuses on the present distribution of two crayfish species: narrow-clawed crayfish Astacus leptodactylus Eschscholtz and stone crayfish Austropotamobius torrentium (Schrank, 1803) in Thrace region of Turkey. The only known native (indigenous) freshwater crayfish species of Turkey is A. leptodactylus. It is found at more sites than A. torrentium. On the other hand, A. torrentium is only found in Thrace region of Turkey. The first population of A. torrentium was observed in Velika River in 1995. In 2006, the second population of A. torrentium was found in Madara Brook in the region, but the abundance of A. torrentium in Madara Brook was very low in comparison to Velika River. Moreover, further studies carried out in some water resources near the population of A. torrentium, such as De[vgrave]irmen Brook, Poyralı Brook, and Hasköy Brook confirmed that no other populations of this species are present in the region at present. Therefore, it can be concluded that A. torrentium is only present in the northwest of Marmara river basin (Istaranca Mountain Part) and A. leptodactylus is widely distributed throughout the places located to the south of Marmara river basin, and Istaranca Mountain might be a border line that separates A. leptodactylus and A. torrentium populations. Moreover, except the presence of these two species, no other crayfish species are found in the Thrace region of Turkey at present.","PeriodicalId":49627,"journal":{"name":"Reviews in Fisheries Science","volume":"18 1","pages":"1 - 6"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2009-11-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/10641260903267445","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"59679647","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2009-11-19DOI: 10.1080/10641260903225542
P. L. Shafland, K. Gestring, M. S. Stanford
The Asian swamp eel (Monopterus albus) is an air-breathing, sex-reversing, eel-like exotic fish that was first reported from Florida waters in 1997. This illegally introduced fish is now abundant in four major southeastern Florida canal systems, and it continues to slowly spread into nearby areas, including the Everglades. Swamp eel feed on a wide variety of organisms, the most common of which are small fishes, crustaceans (mostly crayfish), and insects. In a laboratory study, swamp eel died at temperatures ≤8°C. No deleterious ecological effects associated with the swamp eel's presence were detected during the 11 years we studied this species, nor was there any evidence that it makes overland movements. Based on these data and observations, the swamp eel in Florida is best described as an illegally introduced, opportunistic and successful predator that feeds on a variety of small prey; fortunately, however, it is unlikely to perpetrate major ecological or economic disturbances.
{"title":"An Assessment of the Asian Swamp Eel (Monopterus albus) in Florida","authors":"P. L. Shafland, K. Gestring, M. S. Stanford","doi":"10.1080/10641260903225542","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/10641260903225542","url":null,"abstract":"The Asian swamp eel (Monopterus albus) is an air-breathing, sex-reversing, eel-like exotic fish that was first reported from Florida waters in 1997. This illegally introduced fish is now abundant in four major southeastern Florida canal systems, and it continues to slowly spread into nearby areas, including the Everglades. Swamp eel feed on a wide variety of organisms, the most common of which are small fishes, crustaceans (mostly crayfish), and insects. In a laboratory study, swamp eel died at temperatures ≤8°C. No deleterious ecological effects associated with the swamp eel's presence were detected during the 11 years we studied this species, nor was there any evidence that it makes overland movements. Based on these data and observations, the swamp eel in Florida is best described as an illegally introduced, opportunistic and successful predator that feeds on a variety of small prey; fortunately, however, it is unlikely to perpetrate major ecological or economic disturbances.","PeriodicalId":49627,"journal":{"name":"Reviews in Fisheries Science","volume":"18 1","pages":"25 - 39"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2009-11-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/10641260903225542","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"59679636","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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