Pub Date : 2010-09-15DOI: 10.1080/10641262.2010.506251
S. Cadrin
An interdisciplinary study considering geographic patterns of abundance, geographic variation, and movement suggests that yellowtail flounder, Limanda ferruginea, on the principal U.S. fishing grounds should be managed as three separate stocks despite apparent homogeneity of genetic variation. Divergent patterns of abundance and biomass over time suggest two harvest stocks of yellowtail flounder with a boundary on southwest Georges Bank. Geographic patterns of growth and maturity indicate two phenotypic stocks of yellowtail flounder, with a boundary on northern Georges Bank. Yellowtail flounder resources off the U.S. may be a single genetic stock, but significant variation in life history attributes and different patterns of abundance over time suggest that yellowtail flounder off the northeastern U.S. should be managed as three stocks: Cape Cod-Gulf of Maine, Georges Bank, and southern New England-Mid Atlantic.
{"title":"Interdisciplinary Analysis of Yellowtail Flounder Stock Structure off New England","authors":"S. Cadrin","doi":"10.1080/10641262.2010.506251","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/10641262.2010.506251","url":null,"abstract":"An interdisciplinary study considering geographic patterns of abundance, geographic variation, and movement suggests that yellowtail flounder, Limanda ferruginea, on the principal U.S. fishing grounds should be managed as three separate stocks despite apparent homogeneity of genetic variation. Divergent patterns of abundance and biomass over time suggest two harvest stocks of yellowtail flounder with a boundary on southwest Georges Bank. Geographic patterns of growth and maturity indicate two phenotypic stocks of yellowtail flounder, with a boundary on northern Georges Bank. Yellowtail flounder resources off the U.S. may be a single genetic stock, but significant variation in life history attributes and different patterns of abundance over time suggest that yellowtail flounder off the northeastern U.S. should be managed as three stocks: Cape Cod-Gulf of Maine, Georges Bank, and southern New England-Mid Atlantic.","PeriodicalId":49627,"journal":{"name":"Reviews in Fisheries Science","volume":"18 1","pages":"281 - 299"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2010-09-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/10641262.2010.506251","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"59679711","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2010-09-13DOI: 10.1080/10641262.2010.504865
Aaron W. Welch, Ronald H. Hoenig, J. Stieglitz, D. Benetti, A. Tacon, N. Sims, B. O'Hanlon
Carnivorous marine finfish aquaculture has been the subject of intense criticism. Because the process consumes more fish biomass in the form of fishmeal and fish oil than it produces, critics argue carnivorous marine finfish aquaculture causes a net loss of living marine resources and is unsustainable given the continued expansion of the industry. While this “fish-in fish-out” critique is factually correct, it fails to capture all the costs and benefits of carnivorous marine finfish aquaculture. Accepted theories on energy and matter flow between trophic levels indicate that carnivorous marine finfish aquaculture appropriates less ocean primary production than commercial fishing and, as we show, it is generally less demanding of agricultural resources and inputs than terrestrial animal husbandry. The basic fish-in fish-out critique also neglects to consider the fishmeal industry with sufficient granularity. The amount of small pelagic fish harvested for reduction has remained stable despite increased carnivorous marine finfish production, largely due to research into alternative ingredients that has decreased fishmeal and fish oil inclusion rates and caused aggregate fishmeal and fish oil consumption by the aquaculture industry to plateau in recent years. Consideration of all the costs and benefits of carnivorous marine finfish aquaculture suggests that the industry is progressing toward sustainability.
{"title":"From Fishing to the Sustainable Farming of Carnivorous Marine Finfish","authors":"Aaron W. Welch, Ronald H. Hoenig, J. Stieglitz, D. Benetti, A. Tacon, N. Sims, B. O'Hanlon","doi":"10.1080/10641262.2010.504865","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/10641262.2010.504865","url":null,"abstract":"Carnivorous marine finfish aquaculture has been the subject of intense criticism. Because the process consumes more fish biomass in the form of fishmeal and fish oil than it produces, critics argue carnivorous marine finfish aquaculture causes a net loss of living marine resources and is unsustainable given the continued expansion of the industry. While this “fish-in fish-out” critique is factually correct, it fails to capture all the costs and benefits of carnivorous marine finfish aquaculture. Accepted theories on energy and matter flow between trophic levels indicate that carnivorous marine finfish aquaculture appropriates less ocean primary production than commercial fishing and, as we show, it is generally less demanding of agricultural resources and inputs than terrestrial animal husbandry. The basic fish-in fish-out critique also neglects to consider the fishmeal industry with sufficient granularity. The amount of small pelagic fish harvested for reduction has remained stable despite increased carnivorous marine finfish production, largely due to research into alternative ingredients that has decreased fishmeal and fish oil inclusion rates and caused aggregate fishmeal and fish oil consumption by the aquaculture industry to plateau in recent years. Consideration of all the costs and benefits of carnivorous marine finfish aquaculture suggests that the industry is progressing toward sustainability.","PeriodicalId":49627,"journal":{"name":"Reviews in Fisheries Science","volume":"18 1","pages":"235 - 247"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2010-09-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/10641262.2010.504865","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"59679662","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2010-09-13DOI: 10.1080/10641262.2010.505670
S. Metcalf
Data-limitations increase the uncertainty of quantitative ecosystem models and have the potential to slow the progress of Ecosystem Based Fisheries Management. However, the most important finding of perturbation analysis for managers is arguably simple trends in community abundance. Qualitative models can be used to predict trends following perturbation and require only the signs (+, −, 0) of interactions between variables. To further increase the utility of qualitative models in ecosystem analysis, complementary alternative models, with differing uncertainties and assumptions can be used to assess the robustness of conclusions. Qualitative models and an Ecopath with Ecosim model were produced to investigate the inshore reef ecosystem of eastern Tasmania, Australia. The impact of fisheries, competition between fish species, and increasing urchin abundance on ecosystem dynamics were investigated. Qualitative models highlighted the need to decrease fisheries catches, the potential for cascading effects due to urchin grazing, and the capacity for large rock lobster to allow the regeneration of foliose algae. Ecopath with Ecosim produced consistent conclusions for the majority of qualitative predictions. Inconsistent conclusions were discussed with regard to differences in model calculation and behavior. The process undertaken in this study may allow progress in ecosystem analyses in data-poor situations, which may aid the development and implementation of Ecosystem Based Fisheries Management.
{"title":"Qualitative Models to Complement Quantitative Ecosystem Models for the Analysis of Data-Limited Marine Ecosystems and Fisheries","authors":"S. Metcalf","doi":"10.1080/10641262.2010.505670","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/10641262.2010.505670","url":null,"abstract":"Data-limitations increase the uncertainty of quantitative ecosystem models and have the potential to slow the progress of Ecosystem Based Fisheries Management. However, the most important finding of perturbation analysis for managers is arguably simple trends in community abundance. Qualitative models can be used to predict trends following perturbation and require only the signs (+, −, 0) of interactions between variables. To further increase the utility of qualitative models in ecosystem analysis, complementary alternative models, with differing uncertainties and assumptions can be used to assess the robustness of conclusions. Qualitative models and an Ecopath with Ecosim model were produced to investigate the inshore reef ecosystem of eastern Tasmania, Australia. The impact of fisheries, competition between fish species, and increasing urchin abundance on ecosystem dynamics were investigated. Qualitative models highlighted the need to decrease fisheries catches, the potential for cascading effects due to urchin grazing, and the capacity for large rock lobster to allow the regeneration of foliose algae. Ecopath with Ecosim produced consistent conclusions for the majority of qualitative predictions. Inconsistent conclusions were discussed with regard to differences in model calculation and behavior. The process undertaken in this study may allow progress in ecosystem analyses in data-poor situations, which may aid the development and implementation of Ecosystem Based Fisheries Management.","PeriodicalId":49627,"journal":{"name":"Reviews in Fisheries Science","volume":"18 1","pages":"248 - 265"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2010-09-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/10641262.2010.505670","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"59679700","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2010-08-18DOI: 10.1080/10641262.2010.490884
This book is announced as the first volume in a series on “Teleostean Fish Biology.” It contains 14 chapters on gonorynchiforms, cypriniforms, characiforms, siluriforms, and gymnotiforms. The content of the book is organized in two parts: the first part covering aspects of morphology, ontogeny, and phylogeny of gonorynchiforms and the second concerning other ostariophysans. As with other books of this kind, the different chapters introduce the reader to the current state of knowledge, offer new evidence and interpretations, but also point out some poorly known aspects that are in need of further research. The first five chapters deal with morphology and ontogeny of the skeleton, muscles, and the epibranchial organ of gonorynchiforms. The following two chapters deal with the fossil record and the phylogeny of gonorynchiforms. Chapter 8 deals with a fossil teleost incertae sedis without a relationship to gonorynchiforms or other ostariophysans as shown by the cladistic analysis. Chapter 9 places the gonorynchiforms within ostariophysans as the sister group of otophysans based on morphological and molecular evidences. Chapters 10 to 13 are dedicated to cypriniforms, characiforms, siluriforms, and gymnotiforms, and their presentations have little connection to the main subject of the book. The cypriniform and characiform chapters are preliminary reviews of the literature on the phylogenetic interrelationship of both groups. The siluriform chapter is a repetition in word and illustrations and mistakes in citations of a similar chapter published previously in “Catfishes” by Diogo (2003)—and published by the same publisher—with the addition of the newest published cladograms of catfishes. The chapter on gymnotiforms (South American electric fishes) includes gonorynchiforms in its phylogenetic and paleozoogeographic analyses showing at least some relation with the main theme of the book. Misspellings may not in reality be completely avoided, but one should not expect different spellings of the same taxon in the same chapter (e.g., Dyplomystes instead of Diplomystes, both spellings in chapter 13). The first two chapters provide informative comparisons— accompanied by comparative illustrations—of the cranial (including the branchial skeleton) and postcranial skeletons of extant forms and a compilation of osseous characters of gonorynchiforms. Special emphasis is given to the modifications and relationships of the first abdominal vertebrae of gonorynchiforms compared with the results of molecular genetic studies of the cyprinid Danio rerio (“zebra fish”). A discussion of fossil taxa, such as †Ramallichthys and †Charitosomus, where Gayet (1982, 1986) erroneously described a Weberian apparatus, is included. The preural centrum 1 is interpreted in the text as fused with an unknown number of ural centra in the caudal skeleton of Kneriidae. However, a separated preural centrum 1 is shown in figure 2.12A, D–E, and H–I. Nevertheless, the parhypural is correctly la
{"title":"A Review of “Gonorynchiformes and Ostariophysan Relationships. A Comprehensive Review”","authors":"","doi":"10.1080/10641262.2010.490884","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/10641262.2010.490884","url":null,"abstract":"This book is announced as the first volume in a series on “Teleostean Fish Biology.” It contains 14 chapters on gonorynchiforms, cypriniforms, characiforms, siluriforms, and gymnotiforms. The content of the book is organized in two parts: the first part covering aspects of morphology, ontogeny, and phylogeny of gonorynchiforms and the second concerning other ostariophysans. As with other books of this kind, the different chapters introduce the reader to the current state of knowledge, offer new evidence and interpretations, but also point out some poorly known aspects that are in need of further research. The first five chapters deal with morphology and ontogeny of the skeleton, muscles, and the epibranchial organ of gonorynchiforms. The following two chapters deal with the fossil record and the phylogeny of gonorynchiforms. Chapter 8 deals with a fossil teleost incertae sedis without a relationship to gonorynchiforms or other ostariophysans as shown by the cladistic analysis. Chapter 9 places the gonorynchiforms within ostariophysans as the sister group of otophysans based on morphological and molecular evidences. Chapters 10 to 13 are dedicated to cypriniforms, characiforms, siluriforms, and gymnotiforms, and their presentations have little connection to the main subject of the book. The cypriniform and characiform chapters are preliminary reviews of the literature on the phylogenetic interrelationship of both groups. The siluriform chapter is a repetition in word and illustrations and mistakes in citations of a similar chapter published previously in “Catfishes” by Diogo (2003)—and published by the same publisher—with the addition of the newest published cladograms of catfishes. The chapter on gymnotiforms (South American electric fishes) includes gonorynchiforms in its phylogenetic and paleozoogeographic analyses showing at least some relation with the main theme of the book. Misspellings may not in reality be completely avoided, but one should not expect different spellings of the same taxon in the same chapter (e.g., Dyplomystes instead of Diplomystes, both spellings in chapter 13). The first two chapters provide informative comparisons— accompanied by comparative illustrations—of the cranial (including the branchial skeleton) and postcranial skeletons of extant forms and a compilation of osseous characters of gonorynchiforms. Special emphasis is given to the modifications and relationships of the first abdominal vertebrae of gonorynchiforms compared with the results of molecular genetic studies of the cyprinid Danio rerio (“zebra fish”). A discussion of fossil taxa, such as †Ramallichthys and †Charitosomus, where Gayet (1982, 1986) erroneously described a Weberian apparatus, is included. The preural centrum 1 is interpreted in the text as fused with an unknown number of ural centra in the caudal skeleton of Kneriidae. However, a separated preural centrum 1 is shown in figure 2.12A, D–E, and H–I. Nevertheless, the parhypural is correctly la","PeriodicalId":49627,"journal":{"name":"Reviews in Fisheries Science","volume":"18 1","pages":"233 - 234"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2010-08-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/10641262.2010.490884","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"59679540","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2010-08-18DOI: 10.1080/10641262.2010.491564
K. Lorenzen, K. Leber, H. Blankenship
Marine stock enhancement is a set of management approaches involving the release of cultured organisms to enhance or restore fisheries. Such practices, including sea ranching, stock enhancement, and restocking, are widespread, of variable success, and often controversial. A set of principles aimed at promoting responsible development of restocking, stock enhancement, and sea ranching has been proposed by Blankenship and Leber [American Fisheries Society Symposia 15: 167–175 (1995)], and has gained widespread acceptance as the ‘Responsible Approach’. Fisheries science and management, in general, and many aspects of fisheries enhancement have developed rapidly since the responsible approach was first formulated. Here we provide an update to the Responsible Approach in light of these developments. The updated approach emphasizes the need for taking a broad and integrated view of the role of enhancements within fisheries management systems; using a stakeholder participatory and scientifically informed, accountable planning process; and assessing the potential contribution of enhancement and alternative or additional measures to fisheries management goals early on in the development or reform process. Progress in fisheries assessment methods applicable to enhancements and in fisheries governance provides the means for practical implementation of the updated approach.
{"title":"Responsible Approach to Marine Stock Enhancement: An Update","authors":"K. Lorenzen, K. Leber, H. Blankenship","doi":"10.1080/10641262.2010.491564","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/10641262.2010.491564","url":null,"abstract":"Marine stock enhancement is a set of management approaches involving the release of cultured organisms to enhance or restore fisheries. Such practices, including sea ranching, stock enhancement, and restocking, are widespread, of variable success, and often controversial. A set of principles aimed at promoting responsible development of restocking, stock enhancement, and sea ranching has been proposed by Blankenship and Leber [American Fisheries Society Symposia 15: 167–175 (1995)], and has gained widespread acceptance as the ‘Responsible Approach’. Fisheries science and management, in general, and many aspects of fisheries enhancement have developed rapidly since the responsible approach was first formulated. Here we provide an update to the Responsible Approach in light of these developments. The updated approach emphasizes the need for taking a broad and integrated view of the role of enhancements within fisheries management systems; using a stakeholder participatory and scientifically informed, accountable planning process; and assessing the potential contribution of enhancement and alternative or additional measures to fisheries management goals early on in the development or reform process. Progress in fisheries assessment methods applicable to enhancements and in fisheries governance provides the means for practical implementation of the updated approach.","PeriodicalId":49627,"journal":{"name":"Reviews in Fisheries Science","volume":"18 1","pages":"189 - 210"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2010-08-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/10641262.2010.491564","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"59679603","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2010-08-18DOI: 10.1080/10641262.2010.492059
P. Glibert
Nutrient enrichment is an important stressor in coastal ecosystems. This analysis tests the hypothesis that changes in nutrient loads, imbalances in nitrogen:phosphorus, and changes in nitrogen form, especially shifts to increasing loads of chemically reduced, rather than oxidized nitrogen, can have major impacts on food webs, from primary producers through secondary producers to fish. The application of cumulative sums of variability, the running total of deviations from normalized values over time, is a sensitive method for comparing rates of change between and among all parameters, including organisms of all trophic levels. This approach was applied to the San Francisco Estuary, California, demonstrating that abrupt changes in nutrient loads and nutrient form over the past several decades were correlated with food web changes, including pelagic fish collapse. Remediation of pelagic fish populations should be centered on reduction of nitrogen loads and reestablishment of balanced nutrient ratios delivered from point source discharges.
{"title":"Long-Term Changes in Nutrient Loading and Stoichiometry and Their Relationships with Changes in the Food Web and Dominant Pelagic Fish Species in the San Francisco Estuary, California","authors":"P. Glibert","doi":"10.1080/10641262.2010.492059","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/10641262.2010.492059","url":null,"abstract":"Nutrient enrichment is an important stressor in coastal ecosystems. This analysis tests the hypothesis that changes in nutrient loads, imbalances in nitrogen:phosphorus, and changes in nitrogen form, especially shifts to increasing loads of chemically reduced, rather than oxidized nitrogen, can have major impacts on food webs, from primary producers through secondary producers to fish. The application of cumulative sums of variability, the running total of deviations from normalized values over time, is a sensitive method for comparing rates of change between and among all parameters, including organisms of all trophic levels. This approach was applied to the San Francisco Estuary, California, demonstrating that abrupt changes in nutrient loads and nutrient form over the past several decades were correlated with food web changes, including pelagic fish collapse. Remediation of pelagic fish populations should be centered on reduction of nitrogen loads and reestablishment of balanced nutrient ratios delivered from point source discharges.","PeriodicalId":49627,"journal":{"name":"Reviews in Fisheries Science","volume":"18 1","pages":"211 - 232"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2010-08-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/10641262.2010.492059","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"59679614","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2010-08-18DOI: 10.1080/10641262.2010.490885
S. Apollonio
A hierarchical concept of ecosystems offers a testable, refutable hypothesis for the structure and function of ecosystems that could be a solid foundation for ecosystems-based fisheries management. It could focus fisheries management priorities and has the potential for simplifying data requirements and management tactics. The fundamentals of the concept are summarized here and relevance for management is outlined. The concept suggests that maintaining natural constraints—the inherent robustness of mature systems—in fisheries systems is more likely to achieve stability and predictability in fisheries systems than are traditional management tactics.
{"title":"A Testable Hypothesis for Ecosystem-Based Fisheries Management","authors":"S. Apollonio","doi":"10.1080/10641262.2010.490885","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/10641262.2010.490885","url":null,"abstract":"A hierarchical concept of ecosystems offers a testable, refutable hypothesis for the structure and function of ecosystems that could be a solid foundation for ecosystems-based fisheries management. It could focus fisheries management priorities and has the potential for simplifying data requirements and management tactics. The fundamentals of the concept are summarized here and relevance for management is outlined. The concept suggests that maintaining natural constraints—the inherent robustness of mature systems—in fisheries systems is more likely to achieve stability and predictability in fisheries systems than are traditional management tactics.","PeriodicalId":49627,"journal":{"name":"Reviews in Fisheries Science","volume":"18 1","pages":"183 - 188"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2010-08-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/10641262.2010.490885","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"59679564","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2010-04-16DOI: 10.1080/10641260903545295
Uğur Altinağaç, Uğur Özekinci, A. Ayaz, O. Ozen, Alkan Öztekin
To investigate the relationship between bioluminescent patterns and targeted fish species that cause this pattern, encircling gillnet sampling was conducted in shallow water (< 12 m) on moonless nights between February 2007 and December 2008 in the northern Aegean Sea, Turkey. The bioluminescent patterns of the targeted species Atlantic bonito, Sarda sarda, bluefish, Pomatomus saltatrix, and salema, Sarpa salpa were distinctive enough to identify the species. Although not a target species, round sardinella, Sardinella aurita, also exhibited a unique bioluminescent pattern to differentiate schools of that species from the other species. Bioluminescence “signature” of fish species was found to be an important tool in locating and identifying targeted fish species in the small scale encircling gillnet fisheries.
{"title":"Utilization of A Bioluminescent Pattern in the Encircling Gillnet Fisheries","authors":"Uğur Altinağaç, Uğur Özekinci, A. Ayaz, O. Ozen, Alkan Öztekin","doi":"10.1080/10641260903545295","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/10641260903545295","url":null,"abstract":"To investigate the relationship between bioluminescent patterns and targeted fish species that cause this pattern, encircling gillnet sampling was conducted in shallow water (< 12 m) on moonless nights between February 2007 and December 2008 in the northern Aegean Sea, Turkey. The bioluminescent patterns of the targeted species Atlantic bonito, Sarda sarda, bluefish, Pomatomus saltatrix, and salema, Sarpa salpa were distinctive enough to identify the species. Although not a target species, round sardinella, Sardinella aurita, also exhibited a unique bioluminescent pattern to differentiate schools of that species from the other species. Bioluminescence “signature” of fish species was found to be an important tool in locating and identifying targeted fish species in the small scale encircling gillnet fisheries.","PeriodicalId":49627,"journal":{"name":"Reviews in Fisheries Science","volume":"18 1","pages":"151 - 156"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2010-04-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/10641260903545295","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"59679997","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2010-04-16DOI: 10.1080/10641260903511420
H. Svedäng, J. Stål, T. Sterner, M. Cardinale
This study shows how cod subpopulations may have been eradicated as a consequence of the use of imperfect models for assessing stock assessment, depleting what was formerly a productive sea. The Kattegat and Öresund (North Sea) were chosen as study objects due to the combination of different exploitation patterns and the possible existence of separate stock units. The scenario was further elaborated by simulating the potential harvest of fishing for different long-run levels of fishing effort as well as stock size. The study clearly indicated that new policy instruments are needed but these instruments need to be carefully fine-tuned to take into account real biological as well as social factors.
{"title":"Consequences of Subpopulation Structure on Fisheries Management: Cod (Gadus morhua) in the Kattegat and Öresund (North Sea)","authors":"H. Svedäng, J. Stål, T. Sterner, M. Cardinale","doi":"10.1080/10641260903511420","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/10641260903511420","url":null,"abstract":"This study shows how cod subpopulations may have been eradicated as a consequence of the use of imperfect models for assessing stock assessment, depleting what was formerly a productive sea. The Kattegat and Öresund (North Sea) were chosen as study objects due to the combination of different exploitation patterns and the possible existence of separate stock units. The scenario was further elaborated by simulating the potential harvest of fishing for different long-run levels of fishing effort as well as stock size. The study clearly indicated that new policy instruments are needed but these instruments need to be carefully fine-tuned to take into account real biological as well as social factors.","PeriodicalId":49627,"journal":{"name":"Reviews in Fisheries Science","volume":"18 1","pages":"139 - 150"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2010-04-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/10641260903511420","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"59679987","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2010-04-16DOI: 10.1080/10641260903450132
D. K. Gupta, N. Gupta
The blood of a freshwater catfish, Clarias batrachus Linn. was scanned for hemoflagellate infectivity by examination of fresh blood (hanging drop preparations and hematocrit) and stained smears. Trypanosoma batrachi Qadri, 1962 occurring at a prevalence of 29.5% (intensity: 4 to 20 forms/20 min scan) is reported as a new locality record (Bareilly, Uttar Pradesh, India). A new species of monomorphic biflagellate was also found in 8.1% of the infected fish concurrently with Trypanosoma. Based on its morpho-cytostatistical features, flagellar length, and AF:PF ratio, the new species is named Trypanoplasma haematalis n.sp. A few selected hematological parameters (Hb%, ESR, PCV, and MCH) of infected fish were estimated to ascertain the validity as an indicator of flagellate infection under natural and experimentally-induced conditions, by inoculation of 3 ml of infected blood in laboratory-reared, healthy uninfected fish. In either case, the blood parameters recorded significant changes up to a maximum of 55.79% (Hb%, Group B3), 151.04% (ESR, Group B3), 65.45% (PCV, Group B3), and 106.26% (MCH, Group B3) suggesting that hemograms of fishes may be utilized as indicators of some infestation, which offers scope to corroborate it with flagellate infectivity.
{"title":"A Hemogram of Clarias batrachus Parasitized by Two Species of Hemoflagellates (Trypanosoma batrachi Qadri, 1962 and Trypanoplasma haematalis n.sp.) as an Indicator of Infectivity","authors":"D. K. Gupta, N. Gupta","doi":"10.1080/10641260903450132","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/10641260903450132","url":null,"abstract":"The blood of a freshwater catfish, Clarias batrachus Linn. was scanned for hemoflagellate infectivity by examination of fresh blood (hanging drop preparations and hematocrit) and stained smears. Trypanosoma batrachi Qadri, 1962 occurring at a prevalence of 29.5% (intensity: 4 to 20 forms/20 min scan) is reported as a new locality record (Bareilly, Uttar Pradesh, India). A new species of monomorphic biflagellate was also found in 8.1% of the infected fish concurrently with Trypanosoma. Based on its morpho-cytostatistical features, flagellar length, and AF:PF ratio, the new species is named Trypanoplasma haematalis n.sp. A few selected hematological parameters (Hb%, ESR, PCV, and MCH) of infected fish were estimated to ascertain the validity as an indicator of flagellate infection under natural and experimentally-induced conditions, by inoculation of 3 ml of infected blood in laboratory-reared, healthy uninfected fish. In either case, the blood parameters recorded significant changes up to a maximum of 55.79% (Hb%, Group B3), 151.04% (ESR, Group B3), 65.45% (PCV, Group B3), and 106.26% (MCH, Group B3) suggesting that hemograms of fishes may be utilized as indicators of some infestation, which offers scope to corroborate it with flagellate infectivity.","PeriodicalId":49627,"journal":{"name":"Reviews in Fisheries Science","volume":"2019 1","pages":"177 - 182"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2010-04-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/10641260903450132","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"59679937","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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