Pub Date : 2011-06-21DOI: 10.1080/10641262.2011.587617
J. Lobón‐Cervià
The hypothesis that size-selective fishing induces magnified temporal variations in recruitment of fished, relative to un-fished, populations is explored by comparing the recruitment of two stream-resident populations of brown trout Salmo trutta inhabiting two tributaries of Rio Esva drainage (northwestern Spain). One population is exploited by angling; the other has never been fished. Fishing truncated the length structure of the fished population. In some years, fishing extirpated the two older reproductive year-classes (age 2 and 3), and the reproductive potential was limited to the age 1 spawners. Nevertheless, the temporal variation in recruitment over a 20-year period was lower in the fished population. The inter-annual variation in recruitment of the two populations closely tracked inter-annual environmental variation with a parabolic relationship between recruitment and stream discharge. Year-to-year variation in the carrying capacity to sustain recruits implies that annual recruitment only requires the survival of a few spawners to buffer the combined effect of environmental variability and fishing-induced mortality. Conventional fishing theory is not compatible with such processes, suggesting that new strategies are required to make fisheries and conservation goals compatible, with the importance of environmental stochasticity replacing the deterministic character of density-dependent population growth rates inherent to conventional fishery models.
{"title":"Why Fishing Does Not Magnify Temporal Fluctuations in the Population Abundance of Stream-Living Salmonids","authors":"J. Lobón‐Cervià","doi":"10.1080/10641262.2011.587617","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/10641262.2011.587617","url":null,"abstract":"The hypothesis that size-selective fishing induces magnified temporal variations in recruitment of fished, relative to un-fished, populations is explored by comparing the recruitment of two stream-resident populations of brown trout Salmo trutta inhabiting two tributaries of Rio Esva drainage (northwestern Spain). One population is exploited by angling; the other has never been fished. Fishing truncated the length structure of the fished population. In some years, fishing extirpated the two older reproductive year-classes (age 2 and 3), and the reproductive potential was limited to the age 1 spawners. Nevertheless, the temporal variation in recruitment over a 20-year period was lower in the fished population. The inter-annual variation in recruitment of the two populations closely tracked inter-annual environmental variation with a parabolic relationship between recruitment and stream discharge. Year-to-year variation in the carrying capacity to sustain recruits implies that annual recruitment only requires the survival of a few spawners to buffer the combined effect of environmental variability and fishing-induced mortality. Conventional fishing theory is not compatible with such processes, suggesting that new strategies are required to make fisheries and conservation goals compatible, with the importance of environmental stochasticity replacing the deterministic character of density-dependent population growth rates inherent to conventional fishery models.","PeriodicalId":49627,"journal":{"name":"Reviews in Fisheries Science","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2011-06-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/10641262.2011.587617","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"59680317","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2011-05-09DOI: 10.1080/10641262.2011.579363
P. Enes, S. Panserat, S. Kaushik, Aires Oliva‐Teles
European sea bass and gilthead sea bream are two major marine finfish species reared in the Mediterranean region. Feeds for these species have high protein levels, usually supplied by fish meal. Research on alternatives to fish meal is mainly focused on plant protein feedstuffs, which are generally high in carbohydrates. Therefore, understanding the potential use of dietary carbohydrate is crucial for better utilization of such feedstuffs in the diets for these species. Factors that affect carbohydrate digestibility, metabolic utilization, as well as regulation of glucose metabolism are discussed. Data show that to ensure high digestibility, growth, and feed utilization, diets for these species should include around 20% digestible carbohydrate. Digestibility of native starch is high (above 70%) in both species, and it is further improved by processing starches (above 90%). Regarding carbohydrate complexity, it appears that European sea bass perform better with starch than glucose, while the opposite is true for gilthead sea bream. An enhancement in the activity of key enzymes of the glycolytic pathway and an increase of liver glycogen content is generally observed in the two species after feeding carbohydrates. An inverse regulation of the gluconeogenic enzyme activities with dietary carbohydrate intake is not observed in either species.
{"title":"Dietary Carbohydrate Utilization by European Sea Bass (Dicentrarchus labrax L.) and Gilthead Sea Bream (Sparus aurata L.) Juveniles","authors":"P. Enes, S. Panserat, S. Kaushik, Aires Oliva‐Teles","doi":"10.1080/10641262.2011.579363","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/10641262.2011.579363","url":null,"abstract":"European sea bass and gilthead sea bream are two major marine finfish species reared in the Mediterranean region. Feeds for these species have high protein levels, usually supplied by fish meal. Research on alternatives to fish meal is mainly focused on plant protein feedstuffs, which are generally high in carbohydrates. Therefore, understanding the potential use of dietary carbohydrate is crucial for better utilization of such feedstuffs in the diets for these species. Factors that affect carbohydrate digestibility, metabolic utilization, as well as regulation of glucose metabolism are discussed. Data show that to ensure high digestibility, growth, and feed utilization, diets for these species should include around 20% digestible carbohydrate. Digestibility of native starch is high (above 70%) in both species, and it is further improved by processing starches (above 90%). Regarding carbohydrate complexity, it appears that European sea bass perform better with starch than glucose, while the opposite is true for gilthead sea bream. An enhancement in the activity of key enzymes of the glycolytic pathway and an increase of liver glycogen content is generally observed in the two species after feeding carbohydrates. An inverse regulation of the gluconeogenic enzyme activities with dietary carbohydrate intake is not observed in either species.","PeriodicalId":49627,"journal":{"name":"Reviews in Fisheries Science","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2011-05-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/10641262.2011.579363","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"59680163","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2011-04-14DOI: 10.1080/10641262.2011.573597
Xuepeng Li, Jianrong Li, Yanbo Wang, L. Fu, Yuying Fu, Biqing Li, B. Jiao
Aquaculture in China accounts for nearly 70% of world aquaculture production. Aquaculture, including a wide variety of freshwater and marine fishes, shellfish, crustaceans, and aquatic plants, has become one of the most vital primary industries and a center of economic activity within the local and global economies. Along with the development of aquaculture, concerns come about such problems in the industry such as aquatic pollution, disease, genetic degradation of aquaculture species, decline of comparative profitability, lack of knowledge on market risks, and financial crises. Thus, there is a need to acquire further knowledge on this industry and provide sound suggestions for its sustainable development. This review aims to identify the current state of and challenges facing the aquaculture industry in China and to provide some suggestions for its sustainable development.
{"title":"Aquaculture Industry in China: Current State, Challenges, and Outlook","authors":"Xuepeng Li, Jianrong Li, Yanbo Wang, L. Fu, Yuying Fu, Biqing Li, B. Jiao","doi":"10.1080/10641262.2011.573597","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/10641262.2011.573597","url":null,"abstract":"Aquaculture in China accounts for nearly 70% of world aquaculture production. Aquaculture, including a wide variety of freshwater and marine fishes, shellfish, crustaceans, and aquatic plants, has become one of the most vital primary industries and a center of economic activity within the local and global economies. Along with the development of aquaculture, concerns come about such problems in the industry such as aquatic pollution, disease, genetic degradation of aquaculture species, decline of comparative profitability, lack of knowledge on market risks, and financial crises. Thus, there is a need to acquire further knowledge on this industry and provide sound suggestions for its sustainable development. This review aims to identify the current state of and challenges facing the aquaculture industry in China and to provide some suggestions for its sustainable development.","PeriodicalId":49627,"journal":{"name":"Reviews in Fisheries Science","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2011-04-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/10641262.2011.573597","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"59680153","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2011-04-05DOI: 10.1080/10641262.2011.560690
J. Gillson
This review presents a synopsis of the impacts of freshwater flow on fisheries production in estuarine and coastal systems, with particular emphasis on regional examples from eastern Australia and southern Africa. Freshwater flow impacts habitat availability, trophic interactions, and fishers’ harvesting behavior in estuarine and coastal systems. Seasonal and interannual variation in freshwater flow influences the distribution and abundance of fish and invertebrates through changes in growth, survival, and recruitment. Episodic flood and drought events have pronounced impacts on fisheries production due to rapid changes in physicochemical conditions modifying species richness and diversity. Many documented reductions in fisheries production have been attributed to river regulation modifying natural variation in freshwater flow. Protecting natural flow regimes is likely to be an effective management strategy to maintain the production of estuarine and coastal fisheries. Understanding the freshwater requirements of estuarine and coastal fisheries will become increasingly important as climate change modifies the hydrological cycle and as human population growth increases demand for water resources. One major challenge for scientists seeking to explore relationships between freshwater flow and fisheries production is to understand how variable flows influence resource availability, fishing activity, and the economic performance of commercial fisheries in estuarine and coastal systems.
{"title":"Freshwater Flow and Fisheries Production in Estuarine and Coastal Systems: Where a Drop of Rain Is Not Lost","authors":"J. Gillson","doi":"10.1080/10641262.2011.560690","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/10641262.2011.560690","url":null,"abstract":"This review presents a synopsis of the impacts of freshwater flow on fisheries production in estuarine and coastal systems, with particular emphasis on regional examples from eastern Australia and southern Africa. Freshwater flow impacts habitat availability, trophic interactions, and fishers’ harvesting behavior in estuarine and coastal systems. Seasonal and interannual variation in freshwater flow influences the distribution and abundance of fish and invertebrates through changes in growth, survival, and recruitment. Episodic flood and drought events have pronounced impacts on fisheries production due to rapid changes in physicochemical conditions modifying species richness and diversity. Many documented reductions in fisheries production have been attributed to river regulation modifying natural variation in freshwater flow. Protecting natural flow regimes is likely to be an effective management strategy to maintain the production of estuarine and coastal fisheries. Understanding the freshwater requirements of estuarine and coastal fisheries will become increasingly important as climate change modifies the hydrological cycle and as human population growth increases demand for water resources. One major challenge for scientists seeking to explore relationships between freshwater flow and fisheries production is to understand how variable flows influence resource availability, fishing activity, and the economic performance of commercial fisheries in estuarine and coastal systems.","PeriodicalId":49627,"journal":{"name":"Reviews in Fisheries Science","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2011-04-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/10641262.2011.560690","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"59680077","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2011-04-05DOI: 10.1080/10641262.2011.562568
Eric L. Wagner, P. Boersma
Significant depletions of marine fish populations due to overfishing are becoming more and more common. Such depletions have serious consequences not only for the fished species, but also for those organisms that depend on them for food. For seabirds, in particular, the effects of fisheries can be felt via a number of pathways. However, few studies have considered those effects in terms of seabird community ecology. In this review, seabirds were separated into three functional groups based on their primary foraging strategy when they are likely to interact with fishing vessels: kleptoparasites, scavengers, and pursuit-divers. Theoretical effects webs were built for three different gear types: gillnets, longlines, and trawlers. For kleptoparasites and scavengers, to trail a fishing vessel exacts a cost but also confers a benefit; they are occasionally killed by fishing gear, but a potentially reliable food source may outweigh that risk. Also, the costs and benefits are direct. In contrast, pursuit-divers do not benefit from fisheries nearly as much and bear both direct and indirect costs—direct in that divers are caught in fishing gear, and indirect in that discards may lead to increases in populations of kleptoparasites and scavengers, which prey on pursuit-divers, their eggs, and their young at breeding colonies.
{"title":"Effects of Fisheries on Seabird Community Ecology","authors":"Eric L. Wagner, P. Boersma","doi":"10.1080/10641262.2011.562568","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/10641262.2011.562568","url":null,"abstract":"Significant depletions of marine fish populations due to overfishing are becoming more and more common. Such depletions have serious consequences not only for the fished species, but also for those organisms that depend on them for food. For seabirds, in particular, the effects of fisheries can be felt via a number of pathways. However, few studies have considered those effects in terms of seabird community ecology. In this review, seabirds were separated into three functional groups based on their primary foraging strategy when they are likely to interact with fishing vessels: kleptoparasites, scavengers, and pursuit-divers. Theoretical effects webs were built for three different gear types: gillnets, longlines, and trawlers. For kleptoparasites and scavengers, to trail a fishing vessel exacts a cost but also confers a benefit; they are occasionally killed by fishing gear, but a potentially reliable food source may outweigh that risk. Also, the costs and benefits are direct. In contrast, pursuit-divers do not benefit from fisheries nearly as much and bear both direct and indirect costs—direct in that divers are caught in fishing gear, and indirect in that discards may lead to increases in populations of kleptoparasites and scavengers, which prey on pursuit-divers, their eggs, and their young at breeding colonies.","PeriodicalId":49627,"journal":{"name":"Reviews in Fisheries Science","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2011-04-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/10641262.2011.562568","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"59680110","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2011-04-01DOI: 10.1080/10641262.2011.557752
C. M. D. da Rocha
This study gathered the largest amount of evidence available concerning the presence of helminths in the Hoplias malabaricus species (Trahira, traíra in Portuguese) from limnic ecosystems in South America. At least 18 species of helminths belonging to 15 genera, 14 families, 10 orders, and 8 classes were found. The greatest diversity of parasitic species was observed among the Digeneans and acanthocephalus. Throughout the text, helminths are presented in four sections corresponding to their phyla: Platyhelminthes, Acanthocephala, Nematoda, and Annelida. The different niches occupied by the Trahira in the heteroxenic helminth cycles are also analyzed, verifying whether this fish acts as an intermediate or a definitive host.
{"title":"Parasitic Helminths of the Freshwater Neotropical Fish Hoplias malabaricus (Characiformes, Erythrinidae) from South America Basins","authors":"C. M. D. da Rocha","doi":"10.1080/10641262.2011.557752","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/10641262.2011.557752","url":null,"abstract":"This study gathered the largest amount of evidence available concerning the presence of helminths in the Hoplias malabaricus species (Trahira, traíra in Portuguese) from limnic ecosystems in South America. At least 18 species of helminths belonging to 15 genera, 14 families, 10 orders, and 8 classes were found. The greatest diversity of parasitic species was observed among the Digeneans and acanthocephalus. Throughout the text, helminths are presented in four sections corresponding to their phyla: Platyhelminthes, Acanthocephala, Nematoda, and Annelida. The different niches occupied by the Trahira in the heteroxenic helminth cycles are also analyzed, verifying whether this fish acts as an intermediate or a definitive host.","PeriodicalId":49627,"journal":{"name":"Reviews in Fisheries Science","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2011-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/10641262.2011.557752","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"59680064","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2011-04-01DOI: 10.1080/10641262.2010.536856
M. Vinson, T. Angradi
This study summarizes fish stomach content data from 369,000 fish from 402 species in 1,096 collections and reports on the percentage of individuals with empty stomachs. The mean percentage of individuals with empty stomachs among all species, locations, habitats, seasons, regions, and collection methods was 26.4%. Mean percentage of individuals with empty stomachs varied significantly among fish collection gear types, taxonomic orders, trophic groups, feeding behaviors, and habitats, and with species length at maturity. Most of the variation in percentage of individuals with empty stomachs was explained by species length at maturity, fish collection gear type, and two autecological factors: trophic group (piscivore percentage of individuals with empty stomachs > non-piscivore percentage of individuals with empty stomachs) and feeding habitat (water column feeder percentage of individuals with empty stomachs > benthic feeder percentage of individuals with empty stomachs). After accounting for variation with fish length, the percentage of individuals with empty stomachs did not vary with the stomach removal collection method (dissection vs. gastric lavage), feeding time (diurnal or nocturnal), or time of collection (day or night). The percentage of individuals with empty stomachs was similar between fresh and saltwater fish, but differed within finer habitat classifications and appeared to follow a general prey availability or productivity gradient: percentage of individuals with empty stomachs of open ocean collections > estuary collections, lentic > lotic, and pelagic > littoral. Gear type (active or passive) was the most influential factor affecting the occurrence of empty stomachs that can be readily controlled by researchers.
{"title":"Stomach Emptiness in Fishes: Sources of Variation and Study Design Implications","authors":"M. Vinson, T. Angradi","doi":"10.1080/10641262.2010.536856","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/10641262.2010.536856","url":null,"abstract":"This study summarizes fish stomach content data from 369,000 fish from 402 species in 1,096 collections and reports on the percentage of individuals with empty stomachs. The mean percentage of individuals with empty stomachs among all species, locations, habitats, seasons, regions, and collection methods was 26.4%. Mean percentage of individuals with empty stomachs varied significantly among fish collection gear types, taxonomic orders, trophic groups, feeding behaviors, and habitats, and with species length at maturity. Most of the variation in percentage of individuals with empty stomachs was explained by species length at maturity, fish collection gear type, and two autecological factors: trophic group (piscivore percentage of individuals with empty stomachs > non-piscivore percentage of individuals with empty stomachs) and feeding habitat (water column feeder percentage of individuals with empty stomachs > benthic feeder percentage of individuals with empty stomachs). After accounting for variation with fish length, the percentage of individuals with empty stomachs did not vary with the stomach removal collection method (dissection vs. gastric lavage), feeding time (diurnal or nocturnal), or time of collection (day or night). The percentage of individuals with empty stomachs was similar between fresh and saltwater fish, but differed within finer habitat classifications and appeared to follow a general prey availability or productivity gradient: percentage of individuals with empty stomachs of open ocean collections > estuary collections, lentic > lotic, and pelagic > littoral. Gear type (active or passive) was the most influential factor affecting the occurrence of empty stomachs that can be readily controlled by researchers.","PeriodicalId":49627,"journal":{"name":"Reviews in Fisheries Science","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2011-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/10641262.2010.536856","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"59680387","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2011-03-22DOI: 10.1080/10641262.2011.557451
Daniel R. Goethel, T. Quinn, S. Cadrin
Investigations into population structure have been at the forefront of fisheries research for decades, yet it is generally ignored in stock assessment models. As the complex nature of marine population structure has been uncovered, models have attempted to accurately portray it through the development of spatially explicit assessments that allow for movement between sub-populations. Although current tag-integrated movement models are highly complex, many arose from the relatively simple models of Beverton and Holt (1957). This article traces the historical development of these models and compares their features. Originally estimation of movement utilized only tag-recapture models, but now tag-integrated assessment models incorporate several sources of fishery, survey, and tag-recapture information to inform movement estimates. As spatial management measures become more widely used, it is increasingly important that assessment models include the spatial complexities of population structure and patterns of fishery removals, in order for more reliable monitoring of population rebuilding to take place. A generalized metapopulation model is proposed for use in fisheries stock assessment, which allows for adult movement among spatially discrete sub-populations. The input requirements for the model include region-specific catch-at-age, a tag-recapture dataset, and auxiliary information, such as a fishery-independent abundance index.
{"title":"Incorporating Spatial Structure in Stock Assessment: Movement Modeling in Marine Fish Population Dynamics","authors":"Daniel R. Goethel, T. Quinn, S. Cadrin","doi":"10.1080/10641262.2011.557451","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/10641262.2011.557451","url":null,"abstract":"Investigations into population structure have been at the forefront of fisheries research for decades, yet it is generally ignored in stock assessment models. As the complex nature of marine population structure has been uncovered, models have attempted to accurately portray it through the development of spatially explicit assessments that allow for movement between sub-populations. Although current tag-integrated movement models are highly complex, many arose from the relatively simple models of Beverton and Holt (1957). This article traces the historical development of these models and compares their features. Originally estimation of movement utilized only tag-recapture models, but now tag-integrated assessment models incorporate several sources of fishery, survey, and tag-recapture information to inform movement estimates. As spatial management measures become more widely used, it is increasingly important that assessment models include the spatial complexities of population structure and patterns of fishery removals, in order for more reliable monitoring of population rebuilding to take place. A generalized metapopulation model is proposed for use in fisheries stock assessment, which allows for adult movement among spatially discrete sub-populations. The input requirements for the model include region-specific catch-at-age, a tag-recapture dataset, and auxiliary information, such as a fishery-independent abundance index.","PeriodicalId":49627,"journal":{"name":"Reviews in Fisheries Science","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2011-03-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/10641262.2011.557451","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"59680444","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2011-03-18DOI: 10.1080/10641262.2011.557450
J. C. Levesque
Understanding a species life history is fundamental for managing and conserving a population. Despite the importance of this type of information, research attention is often directed at species with the highest economic value. This funding approach is problematic for preserving diversity and rarely considers ecological systematic functions; it prevents resource agencies from allocating funds for studying lower-valued species. For example, the ladyfish (Elops saurus) is a valuable commercial and recreational species in Florida, but in comparison to tarpon (Megalops atlanticus) and bonefish (Albula vulpes), ladyfish have received less funding and research attention. To date, comparably little biological information and no recent reviews are available for ladyfish; research interest is almost non-existent. First, a new review of ladyfish information is provided, and second, statistical evidence is presented and discussed that suggests that there is more published information for tarpon and bonefish than ladyfish because their socio-ecological values are greater. This study's findings confirm that there are significantly more published articles on tarpon than ladyfish, and the number of articles on ladyfish has declined with time. The number of articles on tarpon and bonefish were positively correlated with time, while the number of articles on ladyfish was negatively correlated with time. Natural resource management is shifting from a sustainable yield to a sustainable ecosystem perspective. Given this shift in management approach, successful ecosystem management requires substantial biological information on a variety of species within a given system, regardless of their socio-economic status. It is important to understand that although some species have been ranked higher than others, in terms of economic importance, ecosystems are functioning systems that do not discriminate or have any jurisdictional boundaries.
{"title":"Is Today's Fisheries Research Driven by the Economic Value of a Species? A Case Study Using an Updated Review of Ladyfish (Elops saurus) Biology and Ecology","authors":"J. C. Levesque","doi":"10.1080/10641262.2011.557450","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/10641262.2011.557450","url":null,"abstract":"Understanding a species life history is fundamental for managing and conserving a population. Despite the importance of this type of information, research attention is often directed at species with the highest economic value. This funding approach is problematic for preserving diversity and rarely considers ecological systematic functions; it prevents resource agencies from allocating funds for studying lower-valued species. For example, the ladyfish (Elops saurus) is a valuable commercial and recreational species in Florida, but in comparison to tarpon (Megalops atlanticus) and bonefish (Albula vulpes), ladyfish have received less funding and research attention. To date, comparably little biological information and no recent reviews are available for ladyfish; research interest is almost non-existent. First, a new review of ladyfish information is provided, and second, statistical evidence is presented and discussed that suggests that there is more published information for tarpon and bonefish than ladyfish because their socio-ecological values are greater. This study's findings confirm that there are significantly more published articles on tarpon than ladyfish, and the number of articles on ladyfish has declined with time. The number of articles on tarpon and bonefish were positively correlated with time, while the number of articles on ladyfish was negatively correlated with time. Natural resource management is shifting from a sustainable yield to a sustainable ecosystem perspective. Given this shift in management approach, successful ecosystem management requires substantial biological information on a variety of species within a given system, regardless of their socio-economic status. It is important to understand that although some species have been ranked higher than others, in terms of economic importance, ecosystems are functioning systems that do not discriminate or have any jurisdictional boundaries.","PeriodicalId":49627,"journal":{"name":"Reviews in Fisheries Science","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2011-03-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/10641262.2011.557450","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"59680407","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2011-03-03DOI: 10.1080/10641262.2010.535046
A. Bagchi, P. Jha
From the beginning of history, fish became an inseparable part of human life in India. Over the course of time, fish proved to be food of high nutritional value through empirical observation. The practice of casting a fish motif on coins or stone sculptures and seals, or using fish insignia in flags by ancient Hindu and Muslim rulers in medieval India, or the use of fish as a symbol of fortune and an object in literature and folksongs, prove that fish transcended the narrow limits of cultural segmentation. The establishment of cities with an ever-increasing population and changing food habits created an obvious demand for large-scale fish culture in the 20th century. Fish production from natural waterbodies trended downward during the later decades of the 20th century. Meanwhile, the technologies of induced breeding and polyculture virtually revolutionized the freshwater pisciculture sector over the last 50 years, and Indian fish production registered excellent growth—from 0.75 mt in 1950 to 6.3 mt in 2002. Hopefully, pisciculture may be part of the solution to the increasing need for food diversity and arresting the decline in per capita protein nutrition of the Indian populace in the years to come.
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