Quaternary International最新文献

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Tracing the history of a Mediterranean terraced landscape: Interdisciplinary research in the Cinque Terre coastal region (NW Italy)

IF 1.9 3区地球科学 Q3 GEOGRAPHY, PHYSICAL

Quaternary International

Pub Date : 2025-01-24 DOI: 10.1016/j.quaint.2025.109670

Valentina Pescini , Alessandro Panetta , Bruna Ilde Menozzi , Carlo Montanari

引用次数: 0

Debris production, transport, and sedimentation at high fluid pressures in subglacial conduits

IF 1.9 3区地球科学 Q3 GEOGRAPHY, PHYSICAL

Quaternary International

Pub Date : 2025-01-22 DOI: 10.1016/j.quaint.2024.109650

Adrian Hall , Mikis van Boeckel

We lack robust criteria to identify where and when subglacial fluid pressures exceeded ice overburden pressure during debris production, transport, and deposition at former ice sheet beds. In this study, we use hydraulic damage as a marker for locations where overpressure (P_w ≥ P_i) developed. We focus on former subglacial conduits in Uppland, east-central Sweden, which represent Röthlisberger, Nye, and Hooke channels and lie on the floors of kilometre-wide subglacial meltwater corridors. The conduit floors show examples of hydrofracture, hydraulic jacking, and hydraulic bursting, with pervasive brecciation and fracture fill. Previous work has shown that subglacial rock hydrofracture requires fluid pressures greater than ice-overburden pressure to overcome the tensile strengths of old fractures (≤0.7 MPa) and of unfractured Precambrian gneisses (>8 MPa). Critically, at our sites, hydraulic damage was generated during high energy mass and fluid flows. In subglacial meltwater corridors, decimetre to metre depth sheetflow was initially dominant, with concentration of flow in broad, shallow H-channels. Hydraulic damage in rock was accompanied by till dilation and fluidisation, with pressure driven debris flows. In R- and N-channels, we identify distinctive sedimentary features that developed as conduits opened under overpressured pipeflow. These include high rubble concentrations that were sourced from the disintegration of underlying bedrock, rubble diamictons or poorly sorted and matrix-supported gravels interpreted as short-lived debris flows, coupled debris-hyperconcentrated flows, transport of large boulders under buoyancy, fluid escape structures, and sediment freezing due to instantaneous decompression. Similar assemblages of hydraulic damage and sedimentary features record the arrival and passage of pressurised subglacial flood waves and the concentration of sheetflow into conduits during historic jökulhaups. Major subglacial floods developed in Uppland during rapid final melt of the last Fennoscandian Ice Sheet in the early Holocene. We find that transient high subglacial fluid pressures contributed significantly to (i) the production of fresh rock debris, (ii) the erosion and recycling of till, and (iii) the transport and deposition of dense slurries in subglacial conduits.

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引用次数: 0

Tracing the transfers of raw materials in the Gravettian of Moravia and Silesia

IF 1.9 3区地球科学 Q3 GEOGRAPHY, PHYSICAL

Quaternary International

Pub Date : 2025-01-17 DOI: 10.1016/j.quaint.2025.109665

Martin Moník , Zdeňka Nerudová , Martin Novák , Antonín Přichystal , Filip Gregar , Petr Hamrozi , Tomáš Pluháček

In order to reconstruct the procurement pattern of lithics in the Moravian/Silesian Gravettian culture and to make a comparison with neighbouring areas, raw material analysis from five Gravettian sites in Moravia/Silesia (Czech Republic) was carried out using stereomicroscopy and laser ablation inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (LA-ICP-MS). In Moravia, the characteristic raw material economy of the Gravettian was the import of fine-grained cherts and erratic flints from northern Moravia (and Silesia) or Southern Poland. However, radiolarites from the Pieniny Klippen Belt (present-day Slovakia and Poland) were also used and complemented on sites under the Pavlovské vrchy Hills by local (gravel) materials. Elemental analysis has also confirmed the use of Hungarian radiolarites at Moravian sites. However, these, as well as obsidian from Eastern Slovakia, were rarely used. The contact between Moravia and these two areas (Eastern Slovakia and Hungary) was probably less intensive than with Lower Austria and Southern Poland. Compared to the procurement pattern of the preceding Aurignacian culture, the most striking difference is the longer (and costly) transfers of erratic flints in the Gravettian. These now dominated the lithic material even at sites along the Danube River, 250 km from their sources. This probably correlates with organised provisioning of large, semi-permanent sites and specialised hunting.

{"title":"Tracing the transfers of raw materials in the Gravettian of Moravia and Silesia","authors":"Martin Moník , Zdeňka Nerudová , Martin Novák , Antonín Přichystal , Filip Gregar , Petr Hamrozi , Tomáš Pluháček","doi":"10.1016/j.quaint.2025.109665","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.quaint.2025.109665","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>In order to reconstruct the procurement pattern of lithics in the Moravian/Silesian Gravettian culture and to make a comparison with neighbouring areas, raw material analysis from five Gravettian sites in Moravia/Silesia (Czech Republic) was carried out using stereomicroscopy and laser ablation inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (LA-ICP-MS). In Moravia, the characteristic raw material economy of the Gravettian was the import of fine-grained cherts and erratic flints from northern Moravia (and Silesia) or Southern Poland. However, radiolarites from the Pieniny Klippen Belt (present-day Slovakia and Poland) were also used and complemented on sites under the Pavlovské vrchy Hills by local (gravel) materials. Elemental analysis has also confirmed the use of Hungarian radiolarites at Moravian sites. However, these, as well as obsidian from Eastern Slovakia, were rarely used. The contact between Moravia and these two areas (Eastern Slovakia and Hungary) was probably less intensive than with Lower Austria and Southern Poland. Compared to the procurement pattern of the preceding Aurignacian culture, the most striking difference is the longer (and costly) transfers of erratic flints in the Gravettian. These now dominated the lithic material even at sites along the Danube River, 250 km from their sources. This probably correlates with organised provisioning of large, semi-permanent sites and specialised hunting.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":49644,"journal":{"name":"Quaternary International","volume":"719 ","pages":"Article 109665"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2025-01-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143092962","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Fauna from the early Acheulean site of Gombore IB, Melka Kunture, upper Awash, Ethiopia: Systematics and paleoecology

IF 1.9 3区地球科学 Q3 GEOGRAPHY, PHYSICAL

Quaternary International

Pub Date : 2025-01-17 DOI: 10.1016/j.quaint.2025.109672

Denis Geraads

The fauna from the Early Acheulean site of Gombore IB is relatively abundant but quite fragmented. As in the other sites of Melka Kunture, it is dominated by hippos and alcelaphin bovids, followed by equids. Suids are rare, and all other taxa (i.e., rhinos, giraffids, tragelaphins, primates) are virtually absent. In spite of the presence of forested areas nearby, the taphocenosis sampled an open-country faunal assemblage. The fauna resembles that of the nearby site of Garba IVD, but exact contemporaneity is unlikely.

引用次数: 0

Response of sensitive grain size components in the muddy area off the southern coast of Weihai city, China, to Holocene climate and environmental changes

IF 1.9 3区地球科学 Q3 GEOGRAPHY, PHYSICAL

Quaternary International

Pub Date : 2025-01-15 DOI: 10.1016/j.quaint.2024.109632

Xiaokun Feng , Jinqing Liu , Shengyu Wang , Yamin Zhang , Ping Yin , Fei Gao , Ke Cao , Xiaoying Chen

Studying marine sediment is crucial for understanding the processes and mechanisms of Holocene climate and environmental changes. In this study, we analyzed the grain size distribution of the sediments from WHZK01 Core (0–14.95 m) in the muddy area off the southern coast of Weihai city, and extracted the sensitive grain size (SGS) using the grain size-standard deviation method, to further analyse the sediment transport mechanism since the Holocene and its significance as an environmental indicator in the climate change. The results show that the sediments in WHZK01 Core is mainly composed of silt and clayey silt, with poor sorting and a positive skewness, and primarily transported by suspension and saltation. We identified three SGSs: SGS 1 (<15.63 μm), SGS 2 (15.63 μm–148.65 μm), and SGS 3 (>148.65 μm), corresponding to the fine, medium, and coarse components of the sediment, respectively. Among them, SGS 2 exhibits a strong correlation with events of intensified East Asian winter monsoon(EAWM). Based on the variations in this grain size fraction, eight prominent EAWM intensification events over the past ∼11,000 years (Holocene) were identified: 8100–7600 a BP, 6300–6000 a BP, 5500–5050 a BP, 4600–4200 a BP, 4100–3600 a BP, 2850–2400 a BP, 1900–1500 a BP and 700-175 a BP, which are good indicators of palaeoclimatic environmental changes.

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引用次数: 0

Climate frameworks for the Middle Stone Age and Later Stone Age in Northwest Africa

IF 1.9 3区地球科学 Q3 GEOGRAPHY, PHYSICAL

Quaternary International

Pub Date : 2025-01-15 DOI: 10.1016/j.quaint.2024.109593

Solène Boisard , Colin D. Wren , Lucy Timbrell , Ariane Burke

This paper examines climate conditions in Northwest Africa for Marine Isotope Stage 4, 3, and 2 (71,000–11,000 years ago) and their impact on the distribution of potential suitable areas on a regional scale. The analysis uses climate simulations to model: 1) the geographical extent and variability of macro-refugia based on ethnographic data; and 2) the frequency of suitable areas based on climate ranges obtained at dated archaeological occupations. The results include the production of maps of MSA and LSA site distribution, and annual precipitation and temperature values for each dated human occupation. The macro-refugia models confirm the persistence and low variability of ecological macro-refugia along the Mediterranean coast but reveal limitations in Central Sahara. Macro-refugia models aligned closely with climate-archaeological models, except for Marine Isotope Stage 4. Despite the general spatio-temporal limitations of climate simulations, our study offers valuable data to be integrated with local environmental proxies. These climate frameworks and insights can contribute to the exploration of past human demography, connectivity and human-environment interactions across different scales of analysis.

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引用次数: 0

Diatom assemblages indicated ecological shifts over the past two centuries in Bosten Lake, northwest China: Natural and anthropogenic forcings

IF 1.9 3区地球科学 Q3 GEOGRAPHY, PHYSICAL

Quaternary International

Pub Date : 2025-01-15 DOI: 10.1016/j.quaint.2024.109629

Muhammad Farqan, Lixiong Xiang, Lan Jiang, Wenjia Wang, Min Zheng, Xiaoyan Mu, Xin Liu, Xueqing Song, Zezhou Zhu, Ramamoorthy Ayyamperumal, Xiaozhong Huang

Arid Central Asia (ACA), accounting for one-third of the world arid regions, is noted for its sparse freshwater resources and delicate ecosystems. Lakes in this region are sensitive to the complex interactions between climate warming, human impact, and the water cycle, affecting aquatic ecosystems as well as species distributions. Here, we reanalyzed relationships between measured environmental variables and the spatial distribution of 40 previously published lake surface sediment diatom (Bacillariophyceae) assemblages along with synthesized sediment cores from 4 distinct locations in Bosten Lake with the intention of developing a diatom-inference model for water depth. Diatom assemblage variations differed across surface sediment samples and within cores in Bosten Lake. The initial period (1770–1910 CE) is characterized by oligotrophic taxa such as Lindavia radiosa and Navicula peroblonga, which transitioned towards meso-eutrophic species such as Pseudostaurosira, Staurosira, and Staurosirella spp. (formerly classified in the genus Fragilaria) during 1910–1960 CE and notably lake became more eutrophic post-1960, marked by the abundance of Fragilaria cf. crotonensis. Redundancy analysis (RDA) showed that lake water depth explained a statistically significant portion of diatom assemblage variations. Weighted-averaging partial least squares (WA-PLS) is used to develop a diatom-based depth inference model (

R_{jack}^{2}

= 0.94, RMSEP = 1.08 m, and maximum bias = 2.57 m) based on diatom optima from Bosten Lake. Diatom-depth reconstructions and changes in diatom community composition are of great importance to track lake ecosystem dynamics, ensuring the sustainability of vital freshwater resources in the ACA and beyond.

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引用次数: 0

Transient fluvial incision in the Western Han River Basin: Implications for the late Cenozoic rock uplift of the Western Qinling Mountains, northeastern Tibetan Plateau

IF 1.9 3区地球科学 Q3 GEOGRAPHY, PHYSICAL

Quaternary International

Pub Date : 2025-01-15 DOI: 10.1016/j.quaint.2024.109596

Xiaohui Shi, Zhao Yang, Yunpeng Dong, Bo Zhou, Jiali You, Dali Ju, Fubao Chong

Situated in the northeastern Tibetan Plateau, the Western Qinling Mountains have undergone foreland propagation and surface uplift due to the northeastward expansion of the Tibetan Plateau since the late Cenozoic. In this study, the differential rock uplift and fluvial incision were investigated by extracting longitudinal profiles of the 227 major tributaries of the Western Han River Basin, which are located in the hinterland of the Western Qinling Mountains. Of 227, 178 tributaries have “slope-break” knickpoints. Channel segments upstream of knickpoints with low steepness indices represent the relict low-relief landscape, while the downstream of knickpoints with higher steepness indices represents the adjusting landscape formed after the knickpoint initiation. The spatial patterns of channel steepness indices show the western part of the Western Han River Basin having a higher rock uplift rate than the eastern part. Three-stage rock uplift of the Western Qinling Mountains has been identified by the shape of the longitudinal profile of the Western Han River. The magnitude of fluvial incision in the three-stage is about ∼180 m, ∼380 m, and ∼100 m, respectively. The results of this study reveal that the tectonic uplift of northeastern Tibetan Plateau has regulated the late Cenozoic rock uplift and fluvial incision in the Western Qinling Mountains, and highlight the potential use of channel profiles as indicators for tectonic forcing.

{"title":"Transient fluvial incision in the Western Han River Basin: Implications for the late Cenozoic rock uplift of the Western Qinling Mountains, northeastern Tibetan Plateau","authors":"Xiaohui Shi, Zhao Yang, Yunpeng Dong, Bo Zhou, Jiali You, Dali Ju, Fubao Chong","doi":"10.1016/j.quaint.2024.109596","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.quaint.2024.109596","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Situated in the northeastern Tibetan Plateau, the Western Qinling Mountains have undergone foreland propagation and surface uplift due to the northeastward expansion of the Tibetan Plateau since the late Cenozoic. In this study, the differential rock uplift and fluvial incision were investigated by extracting longitudinal profiles of the 227 major tributaries of the Western Han River Basin, which are located in the hinterland of the Western Qinling Mountains. Of 227, 178 tributaries have “slope-break” knickpoints. Channel segments upstream of knickpoints with low steepness indices represent the relict low-relief landscape, while the downstream of knickpoints with higher steepness indices represents the adjusting landscape formed after the knickpoint initiation. The spatial patterns of channel steepness indices show the western part of the Western Han River Basin having a higher rock uplift rate than the eastern part. Three-stage rock uplift of the Western Qinling Mountains has been identified by the shape of the longitudinal profile of the Western Han River. The magnitude of fluvial incision in the three-stage is about ∼180 m, ∼380 m, and ∼100 m, respectively. The results of this study reveal that the tectonic uplift of northeastern Tibetan Plateau has regulated the late Cenozoic rock uplift and fluvial incision in the Western Qinling Mountains, and highlight the potential use of channel profiles as indicators for tectonic forcing.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":49644,"journal":{"name":"Quaternary International","volume":"716 ","pages":"Article 109596"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2025-01-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143147862","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Active faulting of the southern segment of the Rhine River Fault, southern Germany: Geomorphological and paleoseismological evidence

IF 1.9 3区地球科学 Q3 GEOGRAPHY, PHYSICAL

Quaternary International

Pub Date : 2025-01-15 DOI: 10.1016/j.quaint.2024.11.007

Sara Pena-Castellnou , Jochen Hürtgen , Stéphane Baize , Hervé Jomard , Edward M. Cushing , Wahid Abbas , Klaus Reicherter

Our study focuses on the southern segment of the Rhine River Fault, located in one of the most seismically active regions in intraplate Europe, at the southern end of the Upper Rhine Graben and forming part of the eastern Rhine Graben Boundary Fault. It stands out due to its impressive geomorphological expression in the landscape near the village of Tunsel, in southwestern Germany. We present details about the timing of fault activity and the contribution of earthquakes to the morphology, as this information is crucial for seismic hazard assessment, considering its location 8 km from the Fessenheim Nuclear Power Plant. Through the integration of the sedimentary sequences, morphotectonic observations, shallow geophysics, and paleoseismological trenching, our findings demonstrate that several earthquakes along the RRF have ruptured the surface (M6.7 ± 0.5). The youngest surface rupturing earthquake occurred during medieval times (E_Z) and the penultimate event (E_Y) is constrained by stratigraphic correlation with reworked Loess deposits dated to the Younger Dryas (ca. 13 kyr BP). Three older earthquake events have also been unearthed (E_X, E_W and E_V) occurring prior to the Late Glacial Maximum, where event E_X led to considerable lateral spread at the banks of the Pleistocene Rhine river. Vertical displacements reach up to 0.5 m and lateral offsets up to max. 1.5 m per earthquake event, consistently with a 15 - 30 km-long rupture of this segment of the Rhine River Fault.

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引用次数: 0

Dephasing of islet building between leeward and windward reef-rim sides, Bora Bora Island, Society Archipelago, central South Pacific

IF 1.9 3区地球科学 Q3 GEOGRAPHY, PHYSICAL

Quaternary International

Pub Date : 2025-01-13 DOI: 10.1016/j.quaint.2024.109638

Lucien F. Montaggioni , Bernard Salvat , Edwige Pons-Branchu , Bertrand Martin-Garin , Gilbert Poli , Marie-Thérèse Vénec-Peyré , David Lecchini , Gaston Tong Sang

Defining the timing and accretional mode of low-lying, reef-rim islets over the recent past is a prerequisite for better understanding their future dynamical behaviour in response to rapid rise in sea level and increasing storminess. In high island settings where reliefs locally act as protection against meteorological hazards, establishing the level of vulnerability in the face of global warming remains an important issue. At Bora Bora, a high volcanic island (French Polynesia), internal lithostratigraphy of two selected islets – Motu Tevairoa, leeward, west-north-western side; Motu Tofari, windward, east-north-eastern side – from the barrier-reef rim was reconstructed from four excavated cross-sections. Motu Tevairoa exhibits at the ocean-facing shoreline, pebble-and sand-supported facies abruptly grading into sand-dominated facies inwards. Motu Tofari is dominated by boulder-pebble facies along the oceanic border. U/Th dating was conducted from a collection of 48 coral clasts, in order to reconstruct the timing of islet building. Motu Tevairoa appears to have started to develop by about 2300–2200 cal yr BP from a central islet depocentre laterally extending over time. At the ocean-facing settings, deposition was initiated by about 1600 cal yr BP. By contrast, on Motu Tofari, deposition along the oceanic shoreline, occurred as soon as 3100 cal yr BP. A time lag of approximately 1000 years seems to separate islet accretion between the windward and leeward sides. This strongly suggests that winter storms in the southern hemisphere and those generated from an easterly direction in the northern hemisphere, mid latitudes have played a major role in periodically supplying the north-eastern rim in coral detritus while the western side was occasionally nourished by distant-source swells derived from the north-western sectors. In both settings, the main phases of islet building occurred during the late Holocene sea-level drop. This questions the ability of islets at Bora Bora to adapt to a rapid rise in sea level in the near future.

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