Pub Date : 2025-02-06DOI: 10.1016/j.quaint.2025.109681
Margherita Mussi
Rock spheres have been discovered at several prehistoric sites of Melka Kunture in the volcanic surroundings of the Upper Awash in the Ethiopian highlands. The paper describes those found at eight Acheulean sites spanning more than one million years, from Gombore IB (1.7 Ma or earlier) to Garba I (0.6 Ma), providing detailed metrical information. Contrarily to those from other Pleistocene localities, the spheres of Melka Kunture are not the endproduct or byproduct of anthropic activity, but rather carefully selected natural shapes of volcanic origin, i.e. lavas and accretionary lapilli. The spherical rocks and lapilli were picked by Homo erectus and later by Homo heidelbergensis from outcrops or secondary deposits which varied through time. Likely battered marks and abraded surface planes could be result of percussion activities.
{"title":"The volcanic rock spheres of Melka Kunture (Upper Awash, Ethiopia) at Gombore IB and later Acheulean sites","authors":"Margherita Mussi","doi":"10.1016/j.quaint.2025.109681","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.quaint.2025.109681","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Rock spheres have been discovered at several prehistoric sites of Melka Kunture in the volcanic surroundings of the Upper Awash in the Ethiopian highlands. The paper describes those found at eight Acheulean sites spanning more than one million years, from Gombore IB (1.7 Ma or earlier) to Garba I (0.6 Ma), providing detailed metrical information. Contrarily to those from other Pleistocene localities, the spheres of Melka Kunture are not the endproduct or byproduct of anthropic activity, but rather carefully selected natural shapes of volcanic origin, i.e. lavas and accretionary lapilli. The spherical rocks and lapilli were picked by <em>Homo erectus</em> and later by <em>Homo heidelbergensis</em> from outcrops or secondary deposits which varied through time. Likely battered marks and abraded surface planes could be result of percussion activities.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":49644,"journal":{"name":"Quaternary International","volume":"721 ","pages":"Article 109681"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2025-02-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143338294","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
This study was based on pollen data collected at Lake Boczne, NE Poland, and radiocarbon dating. Vegetation changes at the end of the last glacial period (Late Weichselian, Late Vistulian) and the during Holocene were documented. Due to specific location in a climate temperate transitional, this region is an interesting area for palaeoecological study. Therefore, the aim of the article was to indicate stadial-interstadial changes, short-term climatic fluctuations and the impact of human activity, which will allow for more detailed analyses of selected sections in the near future.
The Late Glacial record suggests the presence of sedimentary gaps and contamination of sediments that make interpretations of this period difficult. During the Early and Middle Holocene, the reconstructed changes in plant communities and pollen production indicate the presence of six potential short-lasting negative climate events, including the Early and Late Peboreal Oscillations, the 9.3 ka event rarely identified in records, and the most often described 8.2 ka event. The pollen record and radiocarbon dates indicate a hiatus lasting around 2200 years at the Middle/Late Holocene transition (between ca. 5000 and 3000 cal yr PB), which may have been caused by 2.8 ka global cooling or by human activity. After this gap, the Late Holocene record of vegetation changes illustrates human activity dynamic starting from the Roman Period. Our study is important because it is extremely rare to document vegetation changes for several intra-Holocene climatic oscillations in one profile, and studies at sensitive site allow the assessment of vegetation responses to different-scale climatic anomalies.
{"title":"Late glacial and Holocene vegetation history and climate oscillations – Preliminary pollen data from lake Boczne, NE Poland","authors":"Magdalena Fiłoc , Edyta Żuk-Kempa , Mirosława Kupryjanowicz","doi":"10.1016/j.quaint.2025.109682","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.quaint.2025.109682","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study was based on pollen data collected at Lake Boczne, NE Poland, and radiocarbon dating. Vegetation changes at the end of the last glacial period (Late Weichselian, Late Vistulian) and the during Holocene were documented. Due to specific location in a climate temperate transitional, this region is an interesting area for palaeoecological study. Therefore, the aim of the article was to indicate stadial-interstadial changes, short-term climatic fluctuations and the impact of human activity, which will allow for more detailed analyses of selected sections in the near future.</div><div>The Late Glacial record suggests the presence of sedimentary gaps and contamination of sediments that make interpretations of this period difficult. During the Early and Middle Holocene, the reconstructed changes in plant communities and pollen production indicate the presence of six potential short-lasting negative climate events, including the Early and Late Peboreal Oscillations, the 9.3 ka event rarely identified in records, and the most often described 8.2 ka event. The pollen record and radiocarbon dates indicate a hiatus lasting around 2200 years at the Middle/Late Holocene transition (between ca. 5000 and 3000 cal yr PB), which may have been caused by 2.8 ka global cooling or by human activity. After this gap, the Late Holocene record of vegetation changes illustrates human activity dynamic starting from the Roman Period. Our study is important because it is extremely rare to document vegetation changes for several intra-Holocene climatic oscillations in one profile, and studies at sensitive site allow the assessment of vegetation responses to different-scale climatic anomalies.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":49644,"journal":{"name":"Quaternary International","volume":"720 ","pages":"Article 109682"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2025-02-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143168714","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-02-05DOI: 10.1016/j.quaint.2025.109687
Yumeng Qu
In the southeastern Mongolian Plateau, climate records show drastic changes during the early Holocene and ecological environment underwent extensive amelioration. Meanwhile, a marked decline in residential mobility and an increase in occupational intensity suggest that hunter-gatherers in this region underwent important shifts in their subsistence strategies. This paper examines climate variability and environmental changes during the early Holocene (8.7–7.1 cal ka BP) and their impact on subsistence strategies at the Xinglong site by integrating archaeological, paleoenvironmental, macrobotanical, and faunal assemblage data. These chronologies indicate synchronous changes in climate amelioration, reduced mobility, a notable rise in the consumption of large ungulates, and a modest increase in millet cultivation. These multiple lines of evidence indicate that the warmer and wetter climate facilitated widespread forest expansion, leading to the formation of biomass-rich ecotones in the southeastern Mongolian Plateau. The forest-steppe environment enhanced the distribution and abundance of ungulates and caused resource amelioration likely enabled hunter-gatherers to decrease their residential mobility and concentrate on a narrower foraging spectrum. Millet cultivation was developing and was likely the concomitant of more settled lifeways, but millet starch could have been exploited at a very low level and contributed only minimally to the local economy.
{"title":"Mobility and subsistence change as synchronous adaptation during Holocene climate amelioration: Integrated evidence from the early Holocene Xinglong occupation, southeastern Mongolian Plateau (China)","authors":"Yumeng Qu","doi":"10.1016/j.quaint.2025.109687","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.quaint.2025.109687","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>In the southeastern Mongolian Plateau, climate records show drastic changes during the early Holocene and ecological environment underwent extensive amelioration. Meanwhile, a marked decline in residential mobility and an increase in occupational intensity suggest that hunter-gatherers in this region underwent important shifts in their subsistence strategies. This paper examines climate variability and environmental changes during the early Holocene (8.7–7.1 cal ka BP) and their impact on subsistence strategies at the Xinglong site by integrating archaeological, paleoenvironmental, macrobotanical, and faunal assemblage data. These chronologies indicate synchronous changes in climate amelioration, reduced mobility, a notable rise in the consumption of large ungulates, and a modest increase in millet cultivation. These multiple lines of evidence indicate that the warmer and wetter climate facilitated widespread forest expansion, leading to the formation of biomass-rich ecotones in the southeastern Mongolian Plateau. The forest-steppe environment enhanced the distribution and abundance of ungulates and caused resource amelioration likely enabled hunter-gatherers to decrease their residential mobility and concentrate on a narrower foraging spectrum. Millet cultivation was developing and was likely the concomitant of more settled lifeways, but millet starch could have been exploited at a very low level and contributed only minimally to the local economy.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":49644,"journal":{"name":"Quaternary International","volume":"721 ","pages":"Article 109687"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2025-02-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143102817","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The fluctuations of the forest/tundra boundary are among the most significant indicators of climate change in the Arctic. The most reliable information regarding the historical position of this boundary is obtained through spatial-temporal analysis of wood remains collected from permafrost deposits. We conducted extensive research in the tundra zone of northwestern Chukotka, aiming to establish a comprehensive collection of fossil wood samples; to identify these samples to the genus/species levels; and to date samples through radiocarbon dating (over 60 dates) and uranium-thorium methods.
Our findings demonstrate that trees extended into the present tundra zone in the Rauchua-Chaun Lowland at least twice during the Last Interglacial and the Holocene. During the Last Interglacial (MIS-5), larch forests (taiga) interspersed with birch were prevalent in what is now tundra. In the early Holocene (11,000–8700 cal BP), riparian forests featuring willow, сhosenia, and poplar, along with tree birch, thrived in river valleys.
{"title":"Treeline history in Northwestern Chukotka during the Last Interglacial and Holocene","authors":"Sergey Vartanyan , Gleb Danilov , Dmtiry Gromyko , Fedor Maksimov , Alexei Oskolski , Diana Solovyeva , Valeriya Tsigankova","doi":"10.1016/j.quaint.2025.109666","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.quaint.2025.109666","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The fluctuations of the forest/tundra boundary are among the most significant indicators of climate change in the Arctic. The most reliable information regarding the historical position of this boundary is obtained through spatial-temporal analysis of wood remains collected from permafrost deposits. We conducted extensive research in the tundra zone of northwestern Chukotka, aiming to establish a comprehensive collection of fossil wood samples; to identify these samples to the genus/species levels; and to date samples through radiocarbon dating (over 60 dates) and uranium-thorium methods.</div><div>Our findings demonstrate that trees extended into the present tundra zone in the Rauchua-Chaun Lowland at least twice during the Last Interglacial and the Holocene. During the Last Interglacial (MIS-5), larch forests (taiga) interspersed with birch were prevalent in what is now tundra. In the early Holocene (11,000–8700 cal BP), riparian forests featuring willow, сhosenia, and poplar, along with tree birch, thrived in river valleys.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":49644,"journal":{"name":"Quaternary International","volume":"718 ","pages":"Article 109666"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143177316","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-02-01DOI: 10.1016/j.quaint.2024.109648
Robert Kostecki , Beata Janczak-Kostecka , Michael Endler
Presented studies performed on two gravity cores with acoustic profiles, new radiocarbon dates from macrofossils, and results from previous studies, have outlined the spatial variability of Arkona Basin sediments. Analyses of diatoms, grain size, and geochemistry revealed characteristics of the depositional environment developed during the Ancylus and Littorina stages. New geochemical data, along with previous results from western Arkona Basin using the PCA method, revealed division sediments across three groups, explained by terrigenous silica, organic matter, and calcium content factors. The grain size distribution together with geochemical parameters confirmed the existence of the erosional brackish-water basement, visible in the acoustic profiles as the distinct reflector R3. Reflector R3 is located at the boundary between Ancylus Lake and Littorina Sea sediments and stands base of the initial Littorina Sea. Comparing grain size characteristics of the sediments deposited during the Littorina Sea stage revealed spatial diversity of the depositional environment in the Arkona Basin. The western cores located close to Darss Sill during the onset of the Littorina stage confirmed a calm depositional environment, while in the northern part of the basin, dynamic activity of bottom currents was observed. During the second phase of the Littorina stage, dated around 6 - 5 ka cal. BP, there was an intensification of sediment transport and deposition processes, accompanied by the appearance of marine diatom forms in the western cores. Simultaneously, relatively calm depositional conditions existed in the northern and central parts of the basin.
{"title":"Spatial variability of Holocene sediments in light studies of cores from the Arkona Basin, south-western Baltic Sea","authors":"Robert Kostecki , Beata Janczak-Kostecka , Michael Endler","doi":"10.1016/j.quaint.2024.109648","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.quaint.2024.109648","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Presented studies performed on two gravity cores with acoustic profiles, new radiocarbon dates from macrofossils, and results from previous studies, have outlined the spatial variability of Arkona Basin sediments. Analyses of diatoms, grain size, and geochemistry revealed characteristics of the depositional environment developed during the Ancylus and Littorina stages. New geochemical data, along with previous results from western Arkona Basin using the PCA method, revealed division sediments across three groups, explained by terrigenous silica, organic matter, and calcium content factors. The grain size distribution together with geochemical parameters confirmed the existence of the erosional brackish-water basement, visible in the acoustic profiles as the distinct reflector R3. Reflector R3 is located at the boundary between Ancylus Lake and Littorina Sea sediments and stands base of the initial Littorina Sea. Comparing grain size characteristics of the sediments deposited during the Littorina Sea stage revealed spatial diversity of the depositional environment in the Arkona Basin. The western cores located close to Darss Sill during the onset of the Littorina stage confirmed a calm depositional environment, while in the northern part of the basin, dynamic activity of bottom currents was observed. During the second phase of the Littorina stage, dated around 6 - 5 ka cal. BP, there was an intensification of sediment transport and deposition processes, accompanied by the appearance of marine diatom forms in the western cores. Simultaneously, relatively calm depositional conditions existed in the northern and central parts of the basin.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":49644,"journal":{"name":"Quaternary International","volume":"718 ","pages":"Article 109648"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143177314","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-02-01DOI: 10.1016/j.quaint.2024.109647
Karsten Schittek , Jan Wowrek , Nicolas Käuffer , Markus Reindel , Bertil Mächtle
This study presents a high-resolution palaeoclimate record from sediment cores collected from the siltation area of Laguna Comercocha (LC) in southern Peru, spanning the last 1070 cal years. The primary objective was to investigate climatic variations and environmental changes before, during and after the Little Ice Age (LIA) in the central Andes, with particular emphasis on precipitation patterns and their relation to solar forcing. The extracted core provided a continuous sedimentary archive, offering insights into climate variability on sub-centennial to inter-decadal timescales. The methodology included analysing the sediment cores using X-ray fluorescence (XRF) to measure the concentrations of allogenic elements such as titanium (Ti), silicon (Si), potassium (K), iron (Fe) and calcium (Ca). Ti/coh ratios served as proxy for effective rainfall and runoff from the local catchment. In addition, pollen and non-pollen palynomorphs (NPPs) were identified and quantified to reconstruct past vegetation and climatic conditions. The study revealed that lithogenic input to the LC increased significantly after 1150 cal yr AD, likely due to increased precipitation. In particular, periods of increased lithogenic input were identified during the LIA, corresponding to solar minima and pointing to solar forcing as a major driver of precipitation changes in the central Andes.
{"title":"Solar forcing as driver for late Holocene rainfall intensity in the Peruvian Andes","authors":"Karsten Schittek , Jan Wowrek , Nicolas Käuffer , Markus Reindel , Bertil Mächtle","doi":"10.1016/j.quaint.2024.109647","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.quaint.2024.109647","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study presents a high-resolution palaeoclimate record from sediment cores collected from the siltation area of Laguna Comercocha (LC) in southern Peru, spanning the last 1070 cal years. The primary objective was to investigate climatic variations and environmental changes before, during and after the Little Ice Age (LIA) in the central Andes, with particular emphasis on precipitation patterns and their relation to solar forcing. The extracted core provided a continuous sedimentary archive, offering insights into climate variability on sub-centennial to inter-decadal timescales. The methodology included analysing the sediment cores using X-ray fluorescence (XRF) to measure the concentrations of allogenic elements such as titanium (Ti), silicon (Si), potassium (K), iron (Fe) and calcium (Ca). Ti/coh ratios served as proxy for effective rainfall and runoff from the local catchment. In addition, pollen and non-pollen palynomorphs (NPPs) were identified and quantified to reconstruct past vegetation and climatic conditions. The study revealed that lithogenic input to the LC increased significantly after 1150 cal yr AD, likely due to increased precipitation. In particular, periods of increased lithogenic input were identified during the LIA, corresponding to solar minima and pointing to solar forcing as a major driver of precipitation changes in the central Andes.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":49644,"journal":{"name":"Quaternary International","volume":"718 ","pages":"Article 109647"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143177312","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-02-01DOI: 10.1016/j.quaint.2024.11.001
Arun Kaushik , Anil K. Gupta , Steven C. Clemens , Pankaj Kumar , Prasanta Sanyal , Manoj Kumar Jaiswal , Abhayanand S. Maurya , Sreya Sengupta
The Siwalik hills, part of the Himalayan foreland basin, receive precipitation mainly during the Indian summer monsoon (ISM) season and are an important factor for monsoon variability in northern India. To understand monsoon strength during the past six centuries, we analyzed proxy record from the Sherla lake which is a closed lake located in the northern state of Haryana, India. Chronology of the sediment is based on five radiocarbon AMS 14C dates, encompassing the last ∼600 years. Among proxies, we have analyzed stable isotope ratios (δ18Ocarb, δ13Ccarb, δ15N and δ13COM) in bulk sediment samples (carbonate and organic) along with grain size distribution (GSD) and geochemical parameters (CaO%, Rb/Sr and Si/Ca ratios). The Sherla lake data reveal significant changes since the Little Ice Age (LIA) (∼1360-1750 CE) to the Current Warm Period (∼1850 CE to the Present). From ∼1360 to ∼1500 CE (early phase of the LIA), the proxy data indicate more evaporative and less humid conditions along with low energy conditions corroborated by limited catchment weathering in the study area which suggests a weak ISM with mixed C3- and C4-type vegetation. From ∼1600 to ∼1780 CE (later phase of the LIA), multi-proxy parameters suggest that precipitation was more stable with high energy conditions along with enhanced catchment weathering and increasing trend of C3-type vegetation, reflecting moist and wet conditions during this time slice. Spectral analysis of different proxies suggests prominent influence of El Niño-Southern Oscillation (ENSO) and solar forcing on Indian monsoon. Increased precipitation over the Himalayan foothills may have resulted from more break events in the core monsoon zone in India during periods of increased ENSO activity. During the later phase of the LIA, the study area received significant moisture during winter months as the winter precipitation over the Himalayan foothill region is largely controlled by the changes in the intensity of North Atlantic Oscillation (NAO) index.
{"title":"Indian monsoon variability during the past 600 years","authors":"Arun Kaushik , Anil K. Gupta , Steven C. Clemens , Pankaj Kumar , Prasanta Sanyal , Manoj Kumar Jaiswal , Abhayanand S. Maurya , Sreya Sengupta","doi":"10.1016/j.quaint.2024.11.001","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.quaint.2024.11.001","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The Siwalik hills, part of the Himalayan foreland basin, receive precipitation mainly during the Indian summer monsoon (ISM) season and are an important factor for monsoon variability in northern India. To understand monsoon strength during the past six centuries, we analyzed proxy record from the Sherla lake which is a closed lake located in the northern state of Haryana, India. Chronology of the sediment is based on five radiocarbon AMS <sup>14</sup>C dates, encompassing the last ∼600 years. Among proxies, we have analyzed stable isotope ratios (δ<sup>18</sup>O<sub>carb</sub>, δ<sup>13</sup>C<sub>carb</sub>, δ<sup>15</sup>N and δ<sup>13</sup>C<sub>OM</sub>) in bulk sediment samples (carbonate and organic) along with grain size distribution (GSD) and geochemical parameters (CaO%, Rb/Sr and Si/Ca ratios). The Sherla lake data reveal significant changes since the Little Ice Age (LIA) (∼1360-1750 CE) to the Current Warm Period (∼1850 CE to the Present). From ∼1360 to ∼1500 CE (early phase of the LIA), the proxy data indicate more evaporative and less humid conditions along with low energy conditions corroborated by limited catchment weathering in the study area which suggests a weak ISM with mixed C<sub>3</sub>- and C<sub>4</sub>-type vegetation. From ∼1600 to ∼1780 CE (later phase of the LIA), multi-proxy parameters suggest that precipitation was more stable with high energy conditions along with enhanced catchment weathering and increasing trend of C<sub>3</sub>-type vegetation, reflecting moist and wet conditions during this time slice. Spectral analysis of different proxies suggests prominent influence of El Niño-Southern Oscillation (ENSO) and solar forcing on Indian monsoon. Increased precipitation over the Himalayan foothills may have resulted from more break events in the core monsoon zone in India during periods of increased ENSO activity. During the later phase of the LIA, the study area received significant moisture during winter months as the winter precipitation over the Himalayan foothill region is largely controlled by the changes in the intensity of North Atlantic Oscillation (NAO) index.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":49644,"journal":{"name":"Quaternary International","volume":"718 ","pages":"Article 109583"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143177310","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-02-01DOI: 10.1016/j.quaint.2024.109637
N. Shtober-Zisu , H. Kranenburg , N. Waldmann , N. Porat , R. Shaar , A. Brook , N. Greenbaum
The Dead Sea Transform (DST), a prominent tectonic feature on Earth's crust, provides an exceptional natural laboratory for investigating the dynamic processes associated with continental rifting and its subsequent evolution. This study focuses on the sedimentary and tectonic evolution of the Yesha Fault, a marginal fault of the DST. Along the Yesha Fault, a distinct, elongated depression, known as the Yesha Valley was formed. Through detailed analysis of sedimentary sequences from boreholes and geochronological data obtained by optically stimulated luminescence and magnetostratigraphy, this research aims to refine the understanding of sedimentation patterns, rates, and tectonic activity associated with this marginal fault. The initial formation of the Yesha Valley, postdating the Brunhes-Matuyama reversal (∼773 ka), was driven by normal faulting, resulting in an accommodation space progressively infilled with clastic and aeolian sediments. The sedimentary record reveals four distinct cycles of calcic soil between ∼780 ka and ∼450 ka, indicative of short episodes of tectonic subsidence, each followed by a period of tectonic quiescence, during which carbonate accumulated and calcic soils have developed. Following ∼450 ka, the sedimentary sequence accumulated in the subsiding valley lacks evidence of abrupt tectonic events, suggesting a transition to a tectonic regime dominated by gradual creep. During the last glacial period, sedimentation is characterized by clay deposition, with more hydric conditions and increased organic content observed between 4 and 6.5 m, whereas the uppermost 2 m of the soil reflects the influence of recent anthropogenic activity. Sediment accumulation rates within the Yesha Valley exhibit considerable variability, ranging from 20.8 cm/ka to 1.8 cm/ka, with an average of 3.2 cm/ka. These rates are an order of magnitude lower than those observed in the adjacent Hula Basin, indicating a slower tectonic regime along the marginal Yesha Fault and valley.
{"title":"Tectono-sedimentary evolution of a marginal fault: Insights from the Dead Sea Transform Fault System","authors":"N. Shtober-Zisu , H. Kranenburg , N. Waldmann , N. Porat , R. Shaar , A. Brook , N. Greenbaum","doi":"10.1016/j.quaint.2024.109637","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.quaint.2024.109637","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The Dead Sea Transform (DST), a prominent tectonic feature on Earth's crust, provides an exceptional natural laboratory for investigating the dynamic processes associated with continental rifting and its subsequent evolution. This study focuses on the sedimentary and tectonic evolution of the Yesha Fault, a marginal fault of the DST. Along the Yesha Fault, a distinct, elongated depression, known as the Yesha Valley was formed. Through detailed analysis of sedimentary sequences from boreholes and geochronological data obtained by optically stimulated luminescence and magnetostratigraphy, this research aims to refine the understanding of sedimentation patterns, rates, and tectonic activity associated with this marginal fault. The initial formation of the Yesha Valley, postdating the Brunhes-Matuyama reversal (∼773 ka), was driven by normal faulting, resulting in an accommodation space progressively infilled with clastic and aeolian sediments. The sedimentary record reveals four distinct cycles of calcic soil between ∼780 ka and ∼450 ka, indicative of short episodes of tectonic subsidence, each followed by a period of tectonic quiescence, during which carbonate accumulated and calcic soils have developed. Following ∼450 ka, the sedimentary sequence accumulated in the subsiding valley lacks evidence of abrupt tectonic events, suggesting a transition to a tectonic regime dominated by gradual creep. During the last glacial period, sedimentation is characterized by clay deposition, with more hydric conditions and increased organic content observed between 4 and 6.5 m, whereas the uppermost 2 m of the soil reflects the influence of recent anthropogenic activity. Sediment accumulation rates within the Yesha Valley exhibit considerable variability, ranging from 20.8 cm/ka to 1.8 cm/ka, with an average of 3.2 cm/ka. These rates are an order of magnitude lower than those observed in the adjacent Hula Basin, indicating a slower tectonic regime along the marginal Yesha Fault and valley.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":49644,"journal":{"name":"Quaternary International","volume":"718 ","pages":"Article 109637"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143177315","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-02-01DOI: 10.1016/j.quaint.2024.109634
María-José Iriarte-Chiapusso , María-Pilar Alfaro-Ibañez , Gloria Cuenca-Bescós , Manuel Ramón González-Morales , Lawrence Guy Straus
{"title":"Corrigendum to “Changes in pollen and small mammal spectrum compositions and in human-landscape relationships during the last 40,000 years of the Pleistocene in El Mirón Cave, Cantabrian Spain” [Quatern. Int. 713 (2024) 109569 1–18]","authors":"María-José Iriarte-Chiapusso , María-Pilar Alfaro-Ibañez , Gloria Cuenca-Bescós , Manuel Ramón González-Morales , Lawrence Guy Straus","doi":"10.1016/j.quaint.2024.109634","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.quaint.2024.109634","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":49644,"journal":{"name":"Quaternary International","volume":"718 ","pages":"Article 109634"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143177311","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-01-30DOI: 10.1016/j.quaint.2024.109633
Carletti E , Conati Barbaro C , Allegretta I , Cardarelli L , Forti L , Monno A , Terzano R , Eramo G
This paper aims at investigating lithic raw material acquisition strategies and human mobility in the Sabina region (Central Italy) during the Neolithic period through the Non-destructive Multiparametric Protocol for Chert Investigation (NM-PCI) applied to the lithic assemblage of Grotta Battifratta (Sabina region, Rieti). Despite its importance as a unique natural bridge in the middle of the Italian peninsula, Sabina has long been archaeologically underestimated. Moreover, although rich in siliceous rock sources, a solid knowledge of chert availability and distribution is lacking. By applying a pilot analysis on raw material provenance, this work aims at shedding light on i.) chert-bearing deposits in the region and ii.) human territorial behaviour. Furthermore, the preliminary characterization data of the Sabina chert is presented here as part of the first project of construction of a geological reference collection, currently lacking for the area. Geological samples and the lithic assemblage of Grotta Battifratta have been characterized by applying petrographical, geochemical (pXRF) and colorimetric analysis (CIELab). Multivariate statistics is employed to explore chert variability and to assess the geographic origin of the raw material exploited at the archaeological site. The preliminary results suggest a strong reliance on local sources together with a short but significant introduction of exogenous raw material, whose origin is still under investigation. This research presents a preliminary analysis of chert in the Sabina region and provides a novel strategy to current research in lithic raw material provenance in the Central Italy.
{"title":"Chert sources and territorial behaviour after the Neolithization process: An exploratory analysis from Grotta Battifratta (Rieti, Central Italy)","authors":"Carletti E , Conati Barbaro C , Allegretta I , Cardarelli L , Forti L , Monno A , Terzano R , Eramo G","doi":"10.1016/j.quaint.2024.109633","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.quaint.2024.109633","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This paper aims at investigating lithic raw material acquisition strategies and human mobility in the Sabina region (Central Italy) during the Neolithic period through the Non-destructive Multiparametric Protocol for Chert Investigation (NM-PCI) applied to the lithic assemblage of Grotta Battifratta (Sabina region, Rieti). Despite its importance as a unique natural bridge in the middle of the Italian peninsula, Sabina has long been archaeologically underestimated. Moreover, although rich in siliceous rock sources, a solid knowledge of chert availability and distribution is lacking. By applying a pilot analysis on raw material provenance, this work aims at shedding light on i.) chert-bearing deposits in the region and ii.) human territorial behaviour. Furthermore, the preliminary characterization data of the Sabina chert is presented here as part of the first project of construction of a geological reference collection, currently lacking for the area. Geological samples and the lithic assemblage of Grotta Battifratta have been characterized by applying petrographical, geochemical (pXRF) and colorimetric analysis (CIELab). Multivariate statistics is employed to explore chert variability and to assess the geographic origin of the raw material exploited at the archaeological site. The preliminary results suggest a strong reliance on local sources together with a short but significant introduction of exogenous raw material, whose origin is still under investigation. This research presents a preliminary analysis of chert in the Sabina region and provides a novel strategy to current research in lithic raw material provenance in the Central Italy.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":49644,"journal":{"name":"Quaternary International","volume":"717 ","pages":"Article 109633"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2025-01-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143176787","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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