Pub Date : 2023-05-22DOI: 10.24425/ppr.2023.145438
{"title":"Editorial: Processes controlling development of periglacial and paraglacial landscapes in rapidly changing polar regions: Part 1","authors":"","doi":"10.24425/ppr.2023.145438","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24425/ppr.2023.145438","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":49682,"journal":{"name":"Polish Polar Research","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2023-05-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41648801","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-03-22DOI: 10.24425/ppr.2022.143317
: The main aim of this study was to determine the morphology, physical, and chemical properties of permafrost-affected soils under different types of tundra in the central part of Spitsbergen. This is a preliminary part of detailed studies focused on the relationship between tundra vegetation and permafrost-affected soils in the Spitsbergen. The obtained results indicate that all the studied soils represent an early stage of formation and the main soil-forming process present in these soils is cryoturbation. Most of the studied soils are shallow and contain a high content of coarse rock fragments. Tundra vegetation type plays controlling role in the development and structure of surface soil horizons. All the studied soils are characterized by loamy texture and acidic or slightly acidic reaction, and these properties are not very different under various tundra vegetation types. The contents of soil organic matter are strongly dependent on the type of tundra vegetation. The highest soil organic matter content occurs at sites with well-developed vegetation such as heath and wet moss tundra. The high carbon-to-nitrogen ratio for the surface soil horizons of the majority of the studied soils indicates that organic matter is poorly decomposed under all the studied tundra vegetation types. This is most likely related to low activity of soil microorganisms in the harsh High Arctic environment. However, the lowest carbon-to-nitrogen ratio was noted for surface soil horizons at sites covered with Arctic meadow, and this indicates that there occur the optimum conditions for soil organic matter decomposition.
{"title":"Morphology and properties of permafrost-affected soils under different tundra vegetation in central Spitsbergen","authors":"","doi":"10.24425/ppr.2022.143317","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24425/ppr.2022.143317","url":null,"abstract":": The main aim of this study was to determine the morphology, physical, and chemical properties of permafrost-affected soils under different types of tundra in the central part of Spitsbergen. This is a preliminary part of detailed studies focused on the relationship between tundra vegetation and permafrost-affected soils in the Spitsbergen. The obtained results indicate that all the studied soils represent an early stage of formation and the main soil-forming process present in these soils is cryoturbation. Most of the studied soils are shallow and contain a high content of coarse rock fragments. Tundra vegetation type plays controlling role in the development and structure of surface soil horizons. All the studied soils are characterized by loamy texture and acidic or slightly acidic reaction, and these properties are not very different under various tundra vegetation types. The contents of soil organic matter are strongly dependent on the type of tundra vegetation. The highest soil organic matter content occurs at sites with well-developed vegetation such as heath and wet moss tundra. The high carbon-to-nitrogen ratio for the surface soil horizons of the majority of the studied soils indicates that organic matter is poorly decomposed under all the studied tundra vegetation types. This is most likely related to low activity of soil microorganisms in the harsh High Arctic environment. However, the lowest carbon-to-nitrogen ratio was noted for surface soil horizons at sites covered with Arctic meadow, and this indicates that there occur the optimum conditions for soil organic matter decomposition.","PeriodicalId":49682,"journal":{"name":"Polish Polar Research","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2023-03-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49472533","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-03-22DOI: 10.24425/ppr.2022.140370
: Previously, only three Candelariella species were known from Antarctica: C. aurella , C. flava and C. vitellina . After morphologically and phylogenetically examining our collections on soil from James Ross Island, located in the north-east Antarctic Peninsula region, and Horseshoe Island, a small rocky island in Bourgeois Fjord, Marguerite Bay in the south-west Antarctic Peninsula, we describe the lichen species Candelariella ruzgarii as new to science. Sequences of the nrITS, mtSSU and RPB1 gene regions of the new species were amplified and revealed that the phylogenetic position of the new species is in the C. aurella group, which is characterised by 8-spored asci and ± granular thalli. Candelariella ruzgarii is phylogenetically most closely related to C. aurella s. lat. but differs mainly in ecology as the new species grows on soil or on terricolous lichens, whereas the latter species grows on calcareous rocks, rarely on wood. Morphologically, C. ruzgarii is very similar to C. aggregata , a Northern Hemisphere species that grows on mosses and plant debris. Apart from the different phylogenetical position, C. ruzgarii has a thicker and sometimes slightly crenulated thalline margin and somewhat shorter ascospores than C. aggregata . We also report C. plumbea for the first time from Antarctica, a species with a thick and grey thallus that was previously known from Europe and Asia.
{"title":"New record and new species of lichenized fungal genus Candelariella Müll. Arg. in Antarctica","authors":"","doi":"10.24425/ppr.2022.140370","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24425/ppr.2022.140370","url":null,"abstract":": Previously, only three Candelariella species were known from Antarctica: C. aurella , C. flava and C. vitellina . After morphologically and phylogenetically examining our collections on soil from James Ross Island, located in the north-east Antarctic Peninsula region, and Horseshoe Island, a small rocky island in Bourgeois Fjord, Marguerite Bay in the south-west Antarctic Peninsula, we describe the lichen species Candelariella ruzgarii as new to science. Sequences of the nrITS, mtSSU and RPB1 gene regions of the new species were amplified and revealed that the phylogenetic position of the new species is in the C. aurella group, which is characterised by 8-spored asci and ± granular thalli. Candelariella ruzgarii is phylogenetically most closely related to C. aurella s. lat. but differs mainly in ecology as the new species grows on soil or on terricolous lichens, whereas the latter species grows on calcareous rocks, rarely on wood. Morphologically, C. ruzgarii is very similar to C. aggregata , a Northern Hemisphere species that grows on mosses and plant debris. Apart from the different phylogenetical position, C. ruzgarii has a thicker and sometimes slightly crenulated thalline margin and somewhat shorter ascospores than C. aggregata . We also report C. plumbea for the first time from Antarctica, a species with a thick and grey thallus that was previously known from Europe and Asia.","PeriodicalId":49682,"journal":{"name":"Polish Polar Research","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2023-03-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47289826","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-03-22DOI: 10.24425/ppr.2023.144537
{"title":"Development, integrative study and research prospects of Deschampsia antarctica collection","authors":"","doi":"10.24425/ppr.2023.144537","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24425/ppr.2023.144537","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":49682,"journal":{"name":"Polish Polar Research","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2023-03-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45391999","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-03-22DOI: 10.24425/ppr.2023.144538
{"title":"Changes in thermal indices on Herschel Island (Qikiqtaruk), Canada between the periods 1899–1905 and 2008–2014","authors":"","doi":"10.24425/ppr.2023.144538","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24425/ppr.2023.144538","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":49682,"journal":{"name":"Polish Polar Research","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2023-03-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42665072","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-01-01DOI: 10.24425/PPR.2019.126345
J. Plenzler, T. Budzik, D. Puczko, R. Bialik
This paper provides an overview of the results of research on changes in ground temperature down to 50 cm depth, on the Kaffiøyra Plain, Spitsbergen in the summer seasons. To achieve this, measurement data were analysed from three different ecotopes (CALM Site P2A, P2B and P2C) – a beach, a moraine and tundra – collected during 22 polar expeditions between 1975 and 2014. To ensure comparability, data sets for the common period from 21 July to 31 August (referred to as the “summer season” further in the text) were analysed. The greatest influence on temperature across the inves− tigated ground layers comes from air temperature (correlation coefficients ranging from 0.61 to 0.84). For the purpose of the analysis of the changes in ground temperature in the years 1975–2014, missing data for certain summer seasons were reconstructed on the ba− sis of similar data from a meteorological station at Ny−Ålesund. The ground temperature at the Beach site demonstrated a statistically−significant growing trend: at depths from 1 to 10 cm the temperature increased by 0.27–0.28 C per decade, and from 20 to 50 cm by as much as 0.30 C per decade. On the Kaffiøyra Plain, the North Atlantic Oscillation (NAO) has a greater influence on the ground and air temperature than the Arctic Oscilla− tion (AO).
{"title":"Climatic conditions at Arctowski Station (King George Island, West Antarctica) in 2013–2017 against the background of regional changes","authors":"J. Plenzler, T. Budzik, D. Puczko, R. Bialik","doi":"10.24425/PPR.2019.126345","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24425/PPR.2019.126345","url":null,"abstract":"This paper provides an overview of the results of research on changes in ground temperature down to 50 cm depth, on the Kaffiøyra Plain, Spitsbergen in the summer seasons. To achieve this, measurement data were analysed from three different ecotopes (CALM Site P2A, P2B and P2C) – a beach, a moraine and tundra – collected during 22 polar expeditions between 1975 and 2014. To ensure comparability, data sets for the common period from 21 July to 31 August (referred to as the “summer season” further in the text) were analysed. The greatest influence on temperature across the inves− tigated ground layers comes from air temperature (correlation coefficients ranging from 0.61 to 0.84). For the purpose of the analysis of the changes in ground temperature in the years 1975–2014, missing data for certain summer seasons were reconstructed on the ba− sis of similar data from a meteorological station at Ny−Ålesund. The ground temperature at the Beach site demonstrated a statistically−significant growing trend: at depths from 1 to 10 cm the temperature increased by 0.27–0.28 C per decade, and from 20 to 50 cm by as much as 0.30 C per decade. On the Kaffiøyra Plain, the North Atlantic Oscillation (NAO) has a greater influence on the ground and air temperature than the Arctic Oscilla− tion (AO).","PeriodicalId":49682,"journal":{"name":"Polish Polar Research","volume":"1 1","pages":"1-27"},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2019-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"68952674","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
M. Jaskólski, Łukasz Pawłowski, M. Strzelecki, P. Zagórski, T. Lane
Beach pollution is one of the most common hazards in present-day anthropogenic environments. Even in the remote Svalbard Archipelago, pollution impacts the beach system and can pose environmental threats. The significant increase in human activity observed in Svalbard over the last 20–30 years has resulted in a visible change in the amount of coastal pollution. A 5 km long transect of modern beach developed along Calypsostranda (Recherchefjorden, Bellsund) was surveyed in the summer of 2015 in order to characterize the beach pollution. During the survey 296 pieces of trash were found on beach surface. 82% of found trash was plastic, followed by glass (8%), and metal (5%). The comparison with previous pollution survey showed the significant increase of plastic waste in local beach environment. Similar problem has been recently recorded in other parts of Svalbard suggesting an urgent need for coastal pollution monitoring.
{"title":"Trash on Arctic beach: Coastal pollution along Calypsostranda, Bellsund, Svalbard","authors":"M. Jaskólski, Łukasz Pawłowski, M. Strzelecki, P. Zagórski, T. Lane","doi":"10.24425/118746","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24425/118746","url":null,"abstract":"Beach pollution is one of the most common hazards in present-day anthropogenic environments. Even in the remote Svalbard Archipelago, pollution impacts the beach system and can pose environmental threats. The significant increase in human activity observed in Svalbard over the last 20–30 years has resulted in a visible change in the amount of coastal pollution. A 5 km long transect of modern beach developed along Calypsostranda (Recherchefjorden, Bellsund) was surveyed in the summer of 2015 in order to characterize the beach pollution. During the survey 296 pieces of trash were found on beach surface. 82% of found trash was plastic, followed by glass (8%), and metal (5%). The comparison with previous pollution survey showed the significant increase of plastic waste in local beach environment. Similar problem has been recently recorded in other parts of Svalbard suggesting an urgent need for coastal pollution monitoring.","PeriodicalId":49682,"journal":{"name":"Polish Polar Research","volume":"1 1","pages":"211-224"},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2018-06-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"68941175","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
In this study, atlases of wave characteristics and wave energy for the Barents Sea have been generated for the years from 1996 to 2015 based on ERA-Interim datasets from the European Centre for Medium-Range Weather Forecasts (ECMWF). The wave power resources in the Barents Sea can be exploited with sea ice extent declining in recent years. The entire Barents Sea has been divided into multi-year sea ice zones, seasonal sea ice zones and open water zones according to the 20-year averaged sea ice concentration. In the entire domain, the spatial distributions of the annual averaged and mean monthly significant wave heights and wave energy flux are presented. For the open water zones, 15 points have been selected at different locations so as to derive and study the wave energy roses and the inter-annual wave power variation. Moreover, the correlations between the wave energy period and the significant wave height are shown in the energy and scatter diagrams. The maximum wave power occurs in the winter in the western parts of the Barents Sea with more than 60kW/m. The wave energy can therefore be exploited in the open water zones.
{"title":"Wave characteristics and wave energy assessment in the Barents Sea","authors":"C. Duan, Zhifeng Wang, S. Dong","doi":"10.24425/118742","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24425/118742","url":null,"abstract":"In this study, atlases of wave characteristics and wave energy for the Barents Sea have been generated for the years from 1996 to 2015 based on ERA-Interim datasets from the European Centre for Medium-Range Weather Forecasts (ECMWF). The wave power resources in the Barents Sea can be exploited with sea ice extent declining in recent years. The entire Barents Sea has been divided into multi-year sea ice zones, seasonal sea ice zones and open water zones according to the 20-year averaged sea ice concentration. In the entire domain, the spatial distributions of the annual averaged and mean monthly significant wave heights and wave energy flux are presented. For the open water zones, 15 points have been selected at different locations so as to derive and study the wave energy roses and the inter-annual wave power variation. Moreover, the correlations between the wave energy period and the significant wave height are shown in the energy and scatter diagrams. The maximum wave power occurs in the winter in the western parts of the Barents Sea with more than 60kW/m. The wave energy can therefore be exploited in the open water zones.","PeriodicalId":49682,"journal":{"name":"Polish Polar Research","volume":"39 1","pages":"145-164"},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2018-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"68941155","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Natalia KOCHMAN-KĘDZIORA, T. Noga, M. Olech, B. Vijver
Diatom assemblages from small pools and creeks on the Ecology Glacier forefield have been investigated. It is the first study in the Admiralty Bay region after the thorough taxonomic revision of the non-marine Antarctic diatom flora. A total of 122 diatom taxa, belonging to 35 genera were identified. More than 55% of all observed species have a restricted Antarctic distribution. Another 15% have a marine origin. Nitzschia gracilis Hantzsch, N. homburgiensis Lange-Bertalot and Planothidium rostrolanceolatum Van de Vijver et al. dominated the flora. Based on a DCA analysis, samples were subdivided in three groups reflecting ecological differences. Several samples (group 1) showed a mixed freshwater/marine diatom composition and are typical for coastal pools. Two other groups were separated based on the amount of limnoterrestrial taxa indicating the temporary character of some of the pools.
研究了生态冰川前田小池塘和小溪中的硅藻组合。这是对南极非海洋硅藻区系进行全面分类修订后，首次在金钟湾地区进行的研究。共鉴定出硅藻类群122个，隶属于35属。在所有观察到的物种中，超过55%的物种在南极的分布受到限制。另有15%来自海洋。niczschia gracilis Hantzsch、N. homburgiensis Lange-Bertalot和Planothidium rostrolanceolatum Van de Vijver等占主导地位。基于DCA分析，样本被细分为反映生态差异的三组。几个样品(第1组)显示淡水/海洋硅藻混合组成，是典型的沿海水池。另外两组是根据湖沼陆地分类群的数量划分的，这表明一些池的临时特征。
{"title":"Freshwater diatoms of the Ecology Glacier foreland, King George Island, South Shetland Islands","authors":"Natalia KOCHMAN-KĘDZIORA, T. Noga, M. Olech, B. Vijver","doi":"10.24425/118753","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24425/118753","url":null,"abstract":"Diatom assemblages from small pools and creeks on the Ecology Glacier forefield have been investigated. It is the first study in the Admiralty Bay region after the thorough taxonomic revision of the non-marine Antarctic diatom flora. A total of 122 diatom taxa, belonging to 35 genera were identified. More than 55% of all observed species have a restricted Antarctic distribution. Another 15% have a marine origin. Nitzschia gracilis Hantzsch, N. homburgiensis Lange-Bertalot and Planothidium rostrolanceolatum Van de Vijver et al. dominated the flora. Based on a DCA analysis, samples were subdivided in three groups reflecting ecological differences. Several samples (group 1) showed a mixed freshwater/marine diatom composition and are typical for coastal pools. Two other groups were separated based on the amount of limnoterrestrial taxa indicating the temporary character of some of the pools.","PeriodicalId":49682,"journal":{"name":"Polish Polar Research","volume":"39 1","pages":"393–412-393–412"},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2018-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"68940913","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
D. Navrotska, Igor Andreev, A. Betekhtin, Magdalena Rojek, I. Parnikoza, G. Myryuta, O. Poronnik, N. Miryuta, Joanna SZYMANOWSKA-PU, Ka, V. Grakhov, R. Ivannikov, R. Hasterok, V. Kunakh
Different chromosomal forms of Deschampsia antarctica Desv. (Poaceae), including diploids (2n=26), hypotriploid (2n=36–38) and a genotype with an occasional occurrence of B chromosome (2n=26+0-1B) that originated from southern marginal populations (Argentine Islands region, maritime Antarctic) were studied using molecular cytogenetic, morphometric and biochemical methods. FISH analysis revealed variations in the number of rDNA sites between the diploid and hypotriploid plants. The genome size varied among plants with a different chromosome number and was on average 10.88 pg/2C for diploids and 16.46 pg/2C for hypotriploid. The mean values of leaf length of plants grown in vitro varied within a range of 5.23–9.56 cm. The total phenolic content ranged from 51.10 to 105.40 mg/g, and the total flavonoid content ranged from 1.22 to 4.67 mg/g. The amount of phenolic compounds did not differ significantly between the genotypes, while a variation in the flavonoid content was observed for L59 and DAR12. The diploids did not differ significantly among each other in terms of the number of rDNA loci, but differed slightly in their genome size. The individuals of DAR12 carrying B chromosome were similar to other diploids in terms of their genome size, but Daria Navrotska et al. 526 statistically differed in leaf length. The hypotriploid had both a greater number of rDNA sites and a larger genome size. No statistical correlations were observed between the genome size and leaf length or genome size and accumulation of phenolic and flavonoid compounds. The results of this study suggest that D. antarctica plants from the southern edge of the range are characterised by the heterogeneity of the studied parameters.
{"title":"Assessment of the molecular cytogenetic, morphometric and biochemical parameters of Deschampsia antarctica from its southern range limit in maritime Antarctic","authors":"D. Navrotska, Igor Andreev, A. Betekhtin, Magdalena Rojek, I. Parnikoza, G. Myryuta, O. Poronnik, N. Miryuta, Joanna SZYMANOWSKA-PU, Ka, V. Grakhov, R. Ivannikov, R. Hasterok, V. Kunakh","doi":"10.24425/118759","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24425/118759","url":null,"abstract":"Different chromosomal forms of Deschampsia antarctica Desv. (Poaceae), including diploids (2n=26), hypotriploid (2n=36–38) and a genotype with an occasional occurrence of B chromosome (2n=26+0-1B) that originated from southern marginal populations (Argentine Islands region, maritime Antarctic) were studied using molecular cytogenetic, morphometric and biochemical methods. FISH analysis revealed variations in the number of rDNA sites between the diploid and hypotriploid plants. The genome size varied among plants with a different chromosome number and was on average 10.88 pg/2C for diploids and 16.46 pg/2C for hypotriploid. The mean values of leaf length of plants grown in vitro varied within a range of 5.23–9.56 cm. The total phenolic content ranged from 51.10 to 105.40 mg/g, and the total flavonoid content ranged from 1.22 to 4.67 mg/g. The amount of phenolic compounds did not differ significantly between the genotypes, while a variation in the flavonoid content was observed for L59 and DAR12. The diploids did not differ significantly among each other in terms of the number of rDNA loci, but differed slightly in their genome size. The individuals of DAR12 carrying B chromosome were similar to other diploids in terms of their genome size, but Daria Navrotska et al. 526 statistically differed in leaf length. The hypotriploid had both a greater number of rDNA sites and a larger genome size. No statistical correlations were observed between the genome size and leaf length or genome size and accumulation of phenolic and flavonoid compounds. The results of this study suggest that D. antarctica plants from the southern edge of the range are characterised by the heterogeneity of the studied parameters.","PeriodicalId":49682,"journal":{"name":"Polish Polar Research","volume":"1 1","pages":"525–548-525–548"},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2018-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"68941010","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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