Nervenarzt最新文献

Background: Own experiences of crises and treatment (ECT) are widespread among staff in psychiatric and psychosocial settings. The present subproject of the ECT research project, investigating how staff of psychiatric institutions in Berlin and Brandenburg are affected, addresses the questions of what significance these employees attach to the ECT in patient-related work and how they feel about disclosing these experiences.

Material and methods: In an explorative cross-sectional online survey, 182 mental health professionals were asked about the disclosure of the ECTs in the work context. The data were analyzed descriptively and analytically.

Results: The existence of ECT is predominantly rated positively by the staff surveyed and is seen as influential for their work and useful for patients. The disclosure of these experiences was assessed as neutral to negative and rarely practiced.

Discussion: Staff are reluctant to disclose their ECT. Based on the literature on the topic of peer and recovery counselling, it can be assumed that ECT could bring more benefits in patient-related work through reflective disclosure.

In the pharmacological treatment of mental disorders, gender-specific aspects are often ignored and guidelines also barely consider these aspects; however, male and female can react very differently to medications due to differences in pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics. This article provides an overview of gender-specific differences with a focus on the pharmacokinetics of psychotropic drugs. Furthermore, (life) phase-dependent differences are addressed considering the menstruation effect, the influence of oral contraceptives, pregnancy and menopause-related physiological alterations. Therapeutic drug monitoring (TDM) is a clinical instrument that can provide valuable contributions due to changing pharmacokinetics in order to optimize the efficacy and safety of pharmacotherapy in various phases of life.

This article explores the impact of gender roles on the development, course, and treatment of alcohol use disorders. Epidemiological data reveal significant gender differences in prevalence, patterns of use, and comorbidities related to alcohol dependence. These differences are not solely biologically determined but also reflect the social construction of gender and culturally specific role expectations. Traditional masculinity norms are associated with increased alcohol consumption, reduced help-seeking behavior, and greater propensity for violence, while women are more likely to experience internalizing mental illnes and societal stigma. LGBTIQ* individuals are particularly vulnerable due to minority stress and structural barriers. This article advocates for gender-sensitive addiction care that addresses psychosocial stressors, trauma, and systemic inequalities. It emphasizes the need to critically examine rigid gender roles, which may exacerbate problems and hinder effective treatment.

The European Medicines Agency has recommended testing for the ApoE-genotype prior to treatment of Alzheimer's disease with Lecanemab. The drug approval is limited to patients who are not homozygous for the ApoE epsilon 4 allele. This is to reduce the risk of undesired adverse effects in the patients treated with Lecanemab. With this recommendation for the first time a psychiatric therapy will be genetically informed.