Pub Date : 2024-08-30DOI: 10.1080/08898480.2024.2389779
Cristiano Felaco
The ubiquity and pervasiveness of algorithms across various societal sectors entail risks and opportunities for individuals and social groups prompting critical reflection on how people perceive, u...
{"title":"Researching algorithm awareness: methodological approaches to investigate how people perceive, know, and interact with algorithms","authors":"Cristiano Felaco","doi":"10.1080/08898480.2024.2389779","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/08898480.2024.2389779","url":null,"abstract":"The ubiquity and pervasiveness of algorithms across various societal sectors entail risks and opportunities for individuals and social groups prompting critical reflection on how people perceive, u...","PeriodicalId":49859,"journal":{"name":"Mathematical Population Studies","volume":"54 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2024-08-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142216936","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-02-27DOI: 10.1080/08898480.2024.2301865
Hassan S. Bakouch, Fatemeh Gharari, Kadir Karakaya, Yunus Akdoğan
The fractional Lindley distribution is used to model the distribution of perturbations in count data regressions, which allow for dealing with widely dispersed data. It is obtained from the non-fra...
分数林德利分布用于为计数数据回归中的扰动分布建模，从而可以处理广泛分散的数据。它从非...
{"title":"Fractional Lindley distribution generated by time scale theory, with application to discrete-time lifetime data","authors":"Hassan S. Bakouch, Fatemeh Gharari, Kadir Karakaya, Yunus Akdoğan","doi":"10.1080/08898480.2024.2301865","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/08898480.2024.2301865","url":null,"abstract":"The fractional Lindley distribution is used to model the distribution of perturbations in count data regressions, which allow for dealing with widely dispersed data. It is obtained from the non-fra...","PeriodicalId":49859,"journal":{"name":"Mathematical Population Studies","volume":"79 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2024-02-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139977833","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-01-19DOI: 10.1080/08898480.2024.2301868
Carlos Bustamante Orellana, Jordan Lyerla, Aaron Martin, Fabio Milner, Elisha Smith
A model combines demographic data provided by the United States Census Bureau for 2021 with survey data on sexual activity from the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention to estimate the struct...
{"title":"Estimating the structure by age and sex of the US sexually active population","authors":"Carlos Bustamante Orellana, Jordan Lyerla, Aaron Martin, Fabio Milner, Elisha Smith","doi":"10.1080/08898480.2024.2301868","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/08898480.2024.2301868","url":null,"abstract":"A model combines demographic data provided by the United States Census Bureau for 2021 with survey data on sexual activity from the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention to estimate the struct...","PeriodicalId":49859,"journal":{"name":"Mathematical Population Studies","volume":"151 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2024-01-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139515259","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-12-05DOI: 10.1080/08898480.2023.2264662
Islam M. Elbaz, Mohamed A. Sohaly, Hamdy A. El-Metwally
In a model of signal transmission between brain neurons, the Lyapunov functions associated with the “no signal” solution are positive and have a negative derivative with respect to the response. Th...
{"title":"Optimizing criterion for the upper limit of the signal response of brain neurons","authors":"Islam M. Elbaz, Mohamed A. Sohaly, Hamdy A. El-Metwally","doi":"10.1080/08898480.2023.2264662","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/08898480.2023.2264662","url":null,"abstract":"In a model of signal transmission between brain neurons, the Lyapunov functions associated with the “no signal” solution are positive and have a negative derivative with respect to the response. Th...","PeriodicalId":49859,"journal":{"name":"Mathematical Population Studies","volume":"3 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2023-12-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138560921","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-10-05DOI: 10.1080/08898480.2023.2251852
Mohammad Hossein Zarinkolah, Hadi Jabbari, Mohammad Mehdi Saber
ABSTRACTIn an asymmetric population, individuals are concentrated toward one tail of the distribution. An estimator of the population mean in this asymmetric case is constructed on the basis of median ranked-set sampling, that is, the population is divided into subsets of equal size and the intersections of these sets depend on the chosen order of ranking according to a known auxiliary variable. Ranking individuals according to this auxiliary variable should approximate their ranking with respect to the unknown variable of interest. This procedure is a cost-effective way of selecting the sample when the variable of interest is unknown. To do this, the auxiliary variable must be at least weakly correlated with the variable of interest. The proposed estimator extends that constructed with extreme ranked-set sampling, whose principle is to divide the population into subsets whose intersections depend on the extreme values of the auxiliary variable. The mean square error of the estimator is expressed analytically. A simulation allows for comparing the proposed estimator with estimators based on simple random sampling and with those based on sampling sets of extreme values. A simulation shows that when the response variable is correlated with both auxiliary variables, even if these correlations are weak, around 0.5 in absolute value, then the mean square error of the proposed estimator is at least 175% lower than the mean square error of estimators based either on simple random or on extreme ranked-set samplings. A first application focuses on household incomes in the Iranian provinces of Fars and Khuzestan in 2022, first with the single gross income, which is the total income that an individual or household earns before tax as auxiliary variable and then with the two auxiliary variables of total gross household income and wages paid year-round to heads of households through the banking network. In this application, the mean square error of the proposed estimator with median ranked-set sampling is at least 60% lower than that obtained with simple random and extreme ranked-set samplings. In the application of the physical preparation score with runners’ track records as an auxiliary variable concerning 160 Iranian athletes in 2022 with sample sizes of 6, 8, 10, 25, and 30, the mean square error of the proposed estimator with median ranked-set sampling is at least 50% lower than that obtained with simple random and extreme ranked-set samplings. In the third application of the COVID-19 mean mortality rate in 2022 in the USA, Iran, Turkey, and Germany, with sample sizes of 6, 8, 10, 25, and 30, estimations of the mean mortality rate are based on new cases. In each of the four countries, the mean square error of the proposed estimator under median ranked-set sampling is at least 60% lower than that obtained with simple random and extreme ranked-set samplings.KEYWORDS: Median ranked-set samplingpopulation meanranked-set samplingratio estimationsampling surv
{"title":"Optimal estimators of the population mean of a skewed distribution using auxiliary variables in median ranked-set sampling","authors":"Mohammad Hossein Zarinkolah, Hadi Jabbari, Mohammad Mehdi Saber","doi":"10.1080/08898480.2023.2251852","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/08898480.2023.2251852","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACTIn an asymmetric population, individuals are concentrated toward one tail of the distribution. An estimator of the population mean in this asymmetric case is constructed on the basis of median ranked-set sampling, that is, the population is divided into subsets of equal size and the intersections of these sets depend on the chosen order of ranking according to a known auxiliary variable. Ranking individuals according to this auxiliary variable should approximate their ranking with respect to the unknown variable of interest. This procedure is a cost-effective way of selecting the sample when the variable of interest is unknown. To do this, the auxiliary variable must be at least weakly correlated with the variable of interest. The proposed estimator extends that constructed with extreme ranked-set sampling, whose principle is to divide the population into subsets whose intersections depend on the extreme values of the auxiliary variable. The mean square error of the estimator is expressed analytically. A simulation allows for comparing the proposed estimator with estimators based on simple random sampling and with those based on sampling sets of extreme values. A simulation shows that when the response variable is correlated with both auxiliary variables, even if these correlations are weak, around 0.5 in absolute value, then the mean square error of the proposed estimator is at least 175% lower than the mean square error of estimators based either on simple random or on extreme ranked-set samplings. A first application focuses on household incomes in the Iranian provinces of Fars and Khuzestan in 2022, first with the single gross income, which is the total income that an individual or household earns before tax as auxiliary variable and then with the two auxiliary variables of total gross household income and wages paid year-round to heads of households through the banking network. In this application, the mean square error of the proposed estimator with median ranked-set sampling is at least 60% lower than that obtained with simple random and extreme ranked-set samplings. In the application of the physical preparation score with runners’ track records as an auxiliary variable concerning 160 Iranian athletes in 2022 with sample sizes of 6, 8, 10, 25, and 30, the mean square error of the proposed estimator with median ranked-set sampling is at least 50% lower than that obtained with simple random and extreme ranked-set samplings. In the third application of the COVID-19 mean mortality rate in 2022 in the USA, Iran, Turkey, and Germany, with sample sizes of 6, 8, 10, 25, and 30, estimations of the mean mortality rate are based on new cases. In each of the four countries, the mean square error of the proposed estimator under median ranked-set sampling is at least 60% lower than that obtained with simple random and extreme ranked-set samplings.KEYWORDS: Median ranked-set samplingpopulation meanranked-set samplingratio estimationsampling surv","PeriodicalId":49859,"journal":{"name":"Mathematical Population Studies","volume":"85 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134975754","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-09-01DOI: 10.1080/08898480.2023.2244358
Yanhua Huang, Guihua Hu, Di Wu, Renjing Zheng
{"title":"Estimation of the net error rate of population size in China’s household registration","authors":"Yanhua Huang, Guihua Hu, Di Wu, Renjing Zheng","doi":"10.1080/08898480.2023.2244358","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/08898480.2023.2244358","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":49859,"journal":{"name":"Mathematical Population Studies","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2023-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43598734","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-07-18DOI: 10.1080/08898480.2023.2225349
Ya Tian, Ying Liang, Wenhao Gui
{"title":"Inference and optimal censoring scheme for a competing-risks model with type-II progressive censoring","authors":"Ya Tian, Ying Liang, Wenhao Gui","doi":"10.1080/08898480.2023.2225349","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/08898480.2023.2225349","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":49859,"journal":{"name":"Mathematical Population Studies","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2023-07-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48725181","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
ABSTRACT Geography, for example because of the presence of rivers, ravines, or peaks, can subdivide a city. These subdivisions raise the question of identifying the area occupied by the city, of deciding whether or not they are aggregates of distinct built-up areas, and whether or not geographical separations are merely asperities in a certain continuum of built-up areas. The city as a union of administrative units allows for jurisdictional practices, but for public policy in health for example, identification by built-up areas is more operational. The study of urban populations thus requires that cities be circumscribed on objective criteria. Circumscribing a city requires knowledge of commuting flows, but in the absence of this piece of information, circumscribing it relies on the fact that it is made up of close built-up areas. This is reflected in the intersection of the convex envelopes of the spatial extent of these built-up areas. The algorithm treats coordinates of the vertices of polygons encompassing built-up areas provided by the Census Bureau for the United States or the National Institute of Statistics and Geography for Mexico. It allows for computing whether convex hulls of polygons intersect or not. If they do, then the built-up areas circumscribed by these polygons are part of the same city. The result is that cities now reflect the geographic extent of urban areas rather than their administrative areas. With this delineation method applied to Mexico’s 2020 census data, the population sizes of urban areas with at least 2,126 inhabitants follow a power law, with exponent 0.954 (standard deviation = 0.016), whereas this is no longer the case when considering only the administrative extents of cities with more than 15,000 inhabitants.
地理，例如，由于河流、峡谷或山峰的存在，可以细分城市。这些细分提出了这样一个问题:确定城市所占据的区域，决定它们是否是不同建成区的集合体，以及地理上的分离是否仅仅是某个建成区连续体中的突起。城市作为一个行政单位的联盟，允许司法实践，但在卫生等公共政策方面，按建成区进行识别更具操作性。因此，对城市人口的研究需要用客观标准来界定城市。划定一个城市需要了解通勤流，但在缺乏这一信息的情况下，划定城市依赖于它是由紧密的建成区组成的事实。这反映在这些建成区空间范围的凸包络的交叉点上。该算法处理由美国人口普查局(Census Bureau)或墨西哥国家统计与地理研究所(National Institute of Statistics and Geography)提供的包含建成区的多边形顶点坐标。它允许计算多边形的凸壳是否相交。如果是这样，那么被这些多边形包围的建成区就是同一个城市的一部分。其结果是，城市现在反映的是城市地区的地理范围，而不是其行政区域。将这种划分方法应用于墨西哥2020年的人口普查数据，至少有2126名居民的城市地区的人口规模遵循幂律，指数为0.954(标准差= 0.016)，而仅考虑人口超过15,000人的城市的行政范围时，情况就不再如此了。
{"title":"The population sizes of Mexican cities follow a power-law distribution","authors":"Héctor Saib Maravillo Gomez, Gilberto Calvillo Vives, Erick Treviño Aguilar","doi":"10.1080/08898480.2023.2191562","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/08898480.2023.2191562","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Geography, for example because of the presence of rivers, ravines, or peaks, can subdivide a city. These subdivisions raise the question of identifying the area occupied by the city, of deciding whether or not they are aggregates of distinct built-up areas, and whether or not geographical separations are merely asperities in a certain continuum of built-up areas. The city as a union of administrative units allows for jurisdictional practices, but for public policy in health for example, identification by built-up areas is more operational. The study of urban populations thus requires that cities be circumscribed on objective criteria. Circumscribing a city requires knowledge of commuting flows, but in the absence of this piece of information, circumscribing it relies on the fact that it is made up of close built-up areas. This is reflected in the intersection of the convex envelopes of the spatial extent of these built-up areas. The algorithm treats coordinates of the vertices of polygons encompassing built-up areas provided by the Census Bureau for the United States or the National Institute of Statistics and Geography for Mexico. It allows for computing whether convex hulls of polygons intersect or not. If they do, then the built-up areas circumscribed by these polygons are part of the same city. The result is that cities now reflect the geographic extent of urban areas rather than their administrative areas. With this delineation method applied to Mexico’s 2020 census data, the population sizes of urban areas with at least 2,126 inhabitants follow a power law, with exponent 0.954 (standard deviation = 0.016), whereas this is no longer the case when considering only the administrative extents of cities with more than 15,000 inhabitants.","PeriodicalId":49859,"journal":{"name":"Mathematical Population Studies","volume":"30 1","pages":"249 - 268"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2023-04-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43191712","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-02-03DOI: 10.1080/08898480.2023.2165338
Layla Basri, D. Bouggar, M. El Fatini, Mohamed El khalifi, A. Laaribi
ABSTRACT Existence and uniqueness of a global positive solution are proved for a stochastic Nicholson’s equation of a blowfly population with delay and Lévy noise. The first-order moment of the solution is bounded and the mean of its second moment is finite. A threshold quantity depending on the parameters is involved in the drift, the diffusion parameter, and the magnitude and distribution of jumps. The blowfly population goes extinct exponentially fast when . It persists when The case does not allow for knowing whether the population goes extinct or not.
{"title":"Extinction and persistence in a stochastic Nicholson’s model of blowfly population with delay and Lévy noise","authors":"Layla Basri, D. Bouggar, M. El Fatini, Mohamed El khalifi, A. Laaribi","doi":"10.1080/08898480.2023.2165338","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/08898480.2023.2165338","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Existence and uniqueness of a global positive solution are proved for a stochastic Nicholson’s equation of a blowfly population with delay and Lévy noise. The first-order moment of the solution is bounded and the mean of its second moment is finite. A threshold quantity depending on the parameters is involved in the drift, the diffusion parameter, and the magnitude and distribution of jumps. The blowfly population goes extinct exponentially fast when . It persists when The case does not allow for knowing whether the population goes extinct or not.","PeriodicalId":49859,"journal":{"name":"Mathematical Population Studies","volume":"30 1","pages":"209 - 228"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2023-02-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47314115","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-01-05DOI: 10.1080/08898480.2022.2155415
F. Benassi, A. Naccarato, Meng Xu
ABSTRACT Taylor’s law states that the spatial variance of the population density varies as the power function of the mean population density. This law is tested on daily Covid-19 infection density for five periods between February 25, 2020 and March 15, 2021. The Italian provinces are grouped by geography into three ensembles. A simultaneous-equation model accounts for correlations between the ensembles, between Italian provinces within each ensemble, and for temporal autocorrelations. The selected periods show ensembles with all Taylor’s law slopes below 2 (reflecting State interventions at the national level), or all above 2 (reflecting interventions at the local level), or some ensembles above while others were below. Slope of Taylor’s law and average density trend indicate whether the infection density is highly concentrated in a few provinces (when the slope is greater than 2 with increasing density, and when the slope is less than 2 with decreasing density) or spread evenly among all provinces in an ensemble (when the slope is greater than 2 with decreasing density, and when the slope is less than 2 with increasing density), which allows the government and epidemiologists to design disease control policies for targeted provinces and ensembles in Italy.
{"title":"Daily Covid-19 infected population densities in Italian provinces follow Taylor’s law","authors":"F. Benassi, A. Naccarato, Meng Xu","doi":"10.1080/08898480.2022.2155415","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/08898480.2022.2155415","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Taylor’s law states that the spatial variance of the population density varies as the power function of the mean population density. This law is tested on daily Covid-19 infection density for five periods between February 25, 2020 and March 15, 2021. The Italian provinces are grouped by geography into three ensembles. A simultaneous-equation model accounts for correlations between the ensembles, between Italian provinces within each ensemble, and for temporal autocorrelations. The selected periods show ensembles with all Taylor’s law slopes below 2 (reflecting State interventions at the national level), or all above 2 (reflecting interventions at the local level), or some ensembles above while others were below. Slope of Taylor’s law and average density trend indicate whether the infection density is highly concentrated in a few provinces (when the slope is greater than 2 with increasing density, and when the slope is less than 2 with decreasing density) or spread evenly among all provinces in an ensemble (when the slope is greater than 2 with decreasing density, and when the slope is less than 2 with increasing density), which allows the government and epidemiologists to design disease control policies for targeted provinces and ensembles in Italy.","PeriodicalId":49859,"journal":{"name":"Mathematical Population Studies","volume":"30 1","pages":"229 - 248"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2023-01-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47606087","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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