Pub Date : 2020-07-02DOI: 10.1080/08898480.2020.1767416
Y. Terefe
ABSTRACT Trichomoniasis is a sexually transmitted disease caused by an infection from the parasite Trichomonas vaginalis. A model of its transmission shows a backward bifurcation when the basic reproduction number is less than one. A stable disease-free equilibrium co-exists with a stable endemic equilibrium with the consequence that the disease may invade the population even when . The backward bifurcation is due to reinfection among the people who have recovered. In the absence of a backward bifurcation and when , the disease-free equilibrium has global asymptotic stability. In the absence of reinfection, the model has a unique global asymptotically stable endemic equilibrium when . Contact rates are the major parameters in the persistence of the disease, compared to rates of recovery after treatment, infectiousness of asymptomatic individuals, and rates of reinfection.
{"title":"A sex-structured model for the transmission of trichomoniasis with possible reinfection","authors":"Y. Terefe","doi":"10.1080/08898480.2020.1767416","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/08898480.2020.1767416","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Trichomoniasis is a sexually transmitted disease caused by an infection from the parasite Trichomonas vaginalis. A model of its transmission shows a backward bifurcation when the basic reproduction number is less than one. A stable disease-free equilibrium co-exists with a stable endemic equilibrium with the consequence that the disease may invade the population even when . The backward bifurcation is due to reinfection among the people who have recovered. In the absence of a backward bifurcation and when , the disease-free equilibrium has global asymptotic stability. In the absence of reinfection, the model has a unique global asymptotically stable endemic equilibrium when . Contact rates are the major parameters in the persistence of the disease, compared to rates of recovery after treatment, infectiousness of asymptomatic individuals, and rates of reinfection.","PeriodicalId":49859,"journal":{"name":"Mathematical Population Studies","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2020-07-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/08898480.2020.1767416","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48621385","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-07-02DOI: 10.1080/08898480.2018.1553429
A. Baklizi
ABSTRACT In the estimation, using confidence intervals, of quantiles and reliability of the two – parameter exponential distribution based on record data, a pivot is defined and its exact cumulative distribution function and probability density function are computed. Confidence intervals using critical values from the cumulative distribution function of the pivot are obtained. Applications to crushed rock sizes and concentration of Sulfur dioxide from Long Beach, California.
{"title":"Interval estimation of quantiles and reliability in the two – parameter exponential distribution based on records","authors":"A. Baklizi","doi":"10.1080/08898480.2018.1553429","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/08898480.2018.1553429","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT In the estimation, using confidence intervals, of quantiles and reliability of the two – parameter exponential distribution based on record data, a pivot is defined and its exact cumulative distribution function and probability density function are computed. Confidence intervals using critical values from the cumulative distribution function of the pivot are obtained. Applications to crushed rock sizes and concentration of Sulfur dioxide from Long Beach, California.","PeriodicalId":49859,"journal":{"name":"Mathematical Population Studies","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2020-07-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/08898480.2018.1553429","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46710274","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-06-16DOI: 10.1080/08898480.2020.1767420
T. Zaman
ABSTRACT Stratification of population is a probability sampling design used to increase the precision of estimation. An efficient exponential ratio estimator allows estimating the population mean in stratified random sampling using an auxiliary variable. Its expected bias, expected mean square error, and minimum mean square error are expressed. The conditions for which the estimator is more efficient are obtained. The proposed estimators under stratified random sampling have a lower mean square error than the ratio and the exponential estimators.
{"title":"An efficient exponential estimator of the mean under stratified random sampling","authors":"T. Zaman","doi":"10.1080/08898480.2020.1767420","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/08898480.2020.1767420","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Stratification of population is a probability sampling design used to increase the precision of estimation. An efficient exponential ratio estimator allows estimating the population mean in stratified random sampling using an auxiliary variable. Its expected bias, expected mean square error, and minimum mean square error are expressed. The conditions for which the estimator is more efficient are obtained. The proposed estimators under stratified random sampling have a lower mean square error than the ratio and the exponential estimators.","PeriodicalId":49859,"journal":{"name":"Mathematical Population Studies","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2020-06-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/08898480.2020.1767420","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49116046","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
ABSTRACT The ratio content error estimators recommended by the United Nations Statistics Division for censuses do not cover content errors resulting from erroneous enumerations and omissions; thus they underestimate content errors. The “complete content error estimator” covers all content errors and is unbiased. It applies to any category of population.
{"title":"Estimation of census content error","authors":"Guihua Hu, Jinpen Liao, Jianfan Peng, Ting Wu, Shushan Fan, Baohong Ye","doi":"10.1080/08898480.2020.1738802","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/08898480.2020.1738802","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT The ratio content error estimators recommended by the United Nations Statistics Division for censuses do not cover content errors resulting from erroneous enumerations and omissions; thus they underestimate content errors. The “complete content error estimator” covers all content errors and is unbiased. It applies to any category of population.","PeriodicalId":49859,"journal":{"name":"Mathematical Population Studies","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2020-04-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/08898480.2020.1738802","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46018160","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-04-02DOI: 10.1080/08898480.2018.1553410
Jeanne Prades
ABSTRACT Discourse analysis of six actors’ political lines, their conceptions, and their uses of French secularism (laïcité) between 2013 and 2018 shows that mobilization of laïcité as a value is correlated to the construction of Islam and Muslims as objects of security in France. Perception of military and identity insecurities goes along with mobilization of laïcité as a shield-value of the French Republic that manifests into the desire to reinterpret the French 1905 law on separation of the Churches and the State, in reaction to Muslim practices or religious symbols. Since 1989, laïcité as a value has emerged both as the socially accepted representation of French secularism and the privileged discursive response to contemporary identity and security challenges posed by Islam, while laïcité as a principle has appeared as a counter-discourse defending the liberal spirit of the 1905 law.
{"title":"Constructions and uses of laïcité (French secularism) in French public discourses","authors":"Jeanne Prades","doi":"10.1080/08898480.2018.1553410","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/08898480.2018.1553410","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Discourse analysis of six actors’ political lines, their conceptions, and their uses of French secularism (laïcité) between 2013 and 2018 shows that mobilization of laïcité as a value is correlated to the construction of Islam and Muslims as objects of security in France. Perception of military and identity insecurities goes along with mobilization of laïcité as a shield-value of the French Republic that manifests into the desire to reinterpret the French 1905 law on separation of the Churches and the State, in reaction to Muslim practices or religious symbols. Since 1989, laïcité as a value has emerged both as the socially accepted representation of French secularism and the privileged discursive response to contemporary identity and security challenges posed by Islam, while laïcité as a principle has appeared as a counter-discourse defending the liberal spirit of the 1905 law.","PeriodicalId":49859,"journal":{"name":"Mathematical Population Studies","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2020-04-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/08898480.2018.1553410","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43680540","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-04-02DOI: 10.1080/08898480.2018.1553408
Andrius Čiginas, D. Pumputis
ABSTRACT A short Edgeworth expansion is approximated for the distribution function of a Studentized linear combination of order statistics computed on a random sample drawn without replacement from a finite population, and using auxiliary data available for the population units. Simulations show an improvement over the usual Gaussian approximation and previous empirical Edgeworth expansions. Naive synthetic estimates of the distribution function, based on the auxiliary data only, yield accurate results when the auxiliary variable is well correlated with the study variable.
{"title":"Calibrated Edgeworth expansions of finite population L-statistics","authors":"Andrius Čiginas, D. Pumputis","doi":"10.1080/08898480.2018.1553408","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/08898480.2018.1553408","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT A short Edgeworth expansion is approximated for the distribution function of a Studentized linear combination of order statistics computed on a random sample drawn without replacement from a finite population, and using auxiliary data available for the population units. Simulations show an improvement over the usual Gaussian approximation and previous empirical Edgeworth expansions. Naive synthetic estimates of the distribution function, based on the auxiliary data only, yield accurate results when the auxiliary variable is well correlated with the study variable.","PeriodicalId":49859,"journal":{"name":"Mathematical Population Studies","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2020-04-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/08898480.2018.1553408","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41784568","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-01-01Epub Date: 2020-02-11DOI: 10.1080/08898480.2020.1715123
Stephen A Matthews
As a self-described, spatial demographer, and with a formative background in geography and planning, I am interested in substantive questions at the nexus of demography, geography, quantitative methods, and public policy. I believe that addressing contemporary substantive demographic and public policy-related questions increasingly requires an understanding of spatial concepts, data, and methods. Spatial concepts are seemingly simultaneously both well-known yet ironically ignored; for example, the concept of spatial dependence. However, levels of ignorance surrounding fundamental spatial concepts are waning (Logan, 2012; Matthews, 2016). Indeed, the increased familiarity with spatial concepts in academia and among policy makers (and also among the lay public) is a product of technological and computational developments that enhance the ability to collect, store, integrate, analyze, visualize, and interpret complex data, including spatial data. Researchers and policy makers are paying attention to old (and now digitized), new, and emerging forms of spatial data, and they recognize the need to be clear regarding a series of interrelated analytical choices, as these choices are not benign. The most relevant “spatial” choices relate to the definitions of place, geographic levels and scales of analysis, spatial interactions and any interdependencies between places, and to basic spatial concepts (for example, distance and relative location) and those that are more complex (for example, spatial heterogeneity and spatial nonstationarity). Related, in many areas of basic and applied demographic research the array of questions that are asked are often constrained by the availability of data, including the availability of spatial data. As stated above, technological changes in computational capacity coupled with the design and adoption of sophisticated data structures (relational databases) and information systems (geographic information systems) has opened up opportunities in data linkage. These opportunities in data linkage have facilitated the transition from single-level to multi-level analysis, from cross-sectional to longitudinal analysis, and from aspatial to spatial analysis. Geography has emerged as one of the main organizing frameworks for both hierarchical and complex nonhierarchical data structures. Leveraging geography, specifically location and relative location data, enables the
{"title":"Editorial: Methods and Applications in Spatial Demography: 2.","authors":"Stephen A Matthews","doi":"10.1080/08898480.2020.1715123","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/08898480.2020.1715123","url":null,"abstract":"As a self-described, spatial demographer, and with a formative background in geography and planning, I am interested in substantive questions at the nexus of demography, geography, quantitative methods, and public policy. I believe that addressing contemporary substantive demographic and public policy-related questions increasingly requires an understanding of spatial concepts, data, and methods. Spatial concepts are seemingly simultaneously both well-known yet ironically ignored; for example, the concept of spatial dependence. However, levels of ignorance surrounding fundamental spatial concepts are waning (Logan, 2012; Matthews, 2016). Indeed, the increased familiarity with spatial concepts in academia and among policy makers (and also among the lay public) is a product of technological and computational developments that enhance the ability to collect, store, integrate, analyze, visualize, and interpret complex data, including spatial data. Researchers and policy makers are paying attention to old (and now digitized), new, and emerging forms of spatial data, and they recognize the need to be clear regarding a series of interrelated analytical choices, as these choices are not benign. The most relevant “spatial” choices relate to the definitions of place, geographic levels and scales of analysis, spatial interactions and any interdependencies between places, and to basic spatial concepts (for example, distance and relative location) and those that are more complex (for example, spatial heterogeneity and spatial nonstationarity). Related, in many areas of basic and applied demographic research the array of questions that are asked are often constrained by the availability of data, including the availability of spatial data. As stated above, technological changes in computational capacity coupled with the design and adoption of sophisticated data structures (relational databases) and information systems (geographic information systems) has opened up opportunities in data linkage. These opportunities in data linkage have facilitated the transition from single-level to multi-level analysis, from cross-sectional to longitudinal analysis, and from aspatial to spatial analysis. Geography has emerged as one of the main organizing frameworks for both hierarchical and complex nonhierarchical data structures. Leveraging geography, specifically location and relative location data, enables the","PeriodicalId":49859,"journal":{"name":"Mathematical Population Studies","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2020-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/08898480.2020.1715123","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"38917938","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-01-01Epub Date: 2019-01-09DOI: 10.1080/08898480.2018.1553412
Hongwei Xu
Nationally representative survey data and small-area estimation techniques are used to assess geographic prevalence of left-handedness in China 2011. Measures of individuals' handedness are self-reported dominant hand and hand grip strength, yielding four estimates of left-handed prevalence at the provincial level. These estimates concord with one another. There are several geographic clusters of high-prevalence rates of left-handers located in ethnic minority-designated autonomous areas or historically revolutionary base areas, which may reflect a deep-rooted sense of defiance to authorities and promote such cultural values as individual autonomy and equality among local people.
{"title":"Prevalence of Left-handedness in China 2011: Small-area Estimates.","authors":"Hongwei Xu","doi":"10.1080/08898480.2018.1553412","DOIUrl":"10.1080/08898480.2018.1553412","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Nationally representative survey data and small-area estimation techniques are used to assess geographic prevalence of left-handedness in China 2011. Measures of individuals' handedness are self-reported dominant hand and hand grip strength, yielding four estimates of left-handed prevalence at the provincial level. These estimates concord with one another. There are several geographic clusters of high-prevalence rates of left-handers located in ethnic minority-designated autonomous areas or historically revolutionary base areas, which may reflect a deep-rooted sense of defiance to authorities and promote such cultural values as individual autonomy and equality among local people.</p>","PeriodicalId":49859,"journal":{"name":"Mathematical Population Studies","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2020-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7394440/pdf/nihms-1516029.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"38227776","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-12-11DOI: 10.1080/08898480.2019.1694325
Saurav Guha, Hukum Chandra
ABSTRACT Improved chain-ratio estimators for the population mean based on two-phase sampling are proposed when the study variable and two auxiliary variables comprise non-response. Auxiliary information is available for the first variable and not available for the second variable. Their biases and mean square errors are estimated under large sample approximation. Their efficiencies are compared with Hansen and Hurwitz’s estimator, the ratio and regression estimators for a single auxiliary variable, and Singh and Kumar’s estimators for two auxiliary variables. Empirical evaluations using both model-based and design-based simulations show that these estimators perform better than Hansen and Hurwitz’s estimator, the ratio and the regression estimators, and Singh and Kumar’s estimator.
{"title":"Improved estimation of finite population mean in two-phase sampling with subsampling of the nonrespondents","authors":"Saurav Guha, Hukum Chandra","doi":"10.1080/08898480.2019.1694325","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/08898480.2019.1694325","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Improved chain-ratio estimators for the population mean based on two-phase sampling are proposed when the study variable and two auxiliary variables comprise non-response. Auxiliary information is available for the first variable and not available for the second variable. Their biases and mean square errors are estimated under large sample approximation. Their efficiencies are compared with Hansen and Hurwitz’s estimator, the ratio and regression estimators for a single auxiliary variable, and Singh and Kumar’s estimators for two auxiliary variables. Empirical evaluations using both model-based and design-based simulations show that these estimators perform better than Hansen and Hurwitz’s estimator, the ratio and the regression estimators, and Singh and Kumar’s estimator.","PeriodicalId":49859,"journal":{"name":"Mathematical Population Studies","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2019-12-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/08898480.2019.1694325","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47446253","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-10-30DOI: 10.1080/08898480.2019.1681187
M. E. El-Adll
ABSTRACT Inferences about estimation and prediction of the two-parameter exponential distribution are based on generalized order statistics. Point and interval estimates are used for scale and location parameters. Unbiased point predictors and reconstructors are based upon pivotal quantities. The mean square error and Pitman’s measure help assess the closeness of estimators and predictors. Point estimators of scale and location parameters and point predictors of future observations are computed in the application of durations until remission of 20 leukemia patients and in the application until failure of air-conditioning systems.
{"title":"Inference for the two-parameter exponential distribution with generalized order statistics","authors":"M. E. El-Adll","doi":"10.1080/08898480.2019.1681187","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/08898480.2019.1681187","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Inferences about estimation and prediction of the two-parameter exponential distribution are based on generalized order statistics. Point and interval estimates are used for scale and location parameters. Unbiased point predictors and reconstructors are based upon pivotal quantities. The mean square error and Pitman’s measure help assess the closeness of estimators and predictors. Point estimators of scale and location parameters and point predictors of future observations are computed in the application of durations until remission of 20 leukemia patients and in the application until failure of air-conditioning systems.","PeriodicalId":49859,"journal":{"name":"Mathematical Population Studies","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2019-10-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/08898480.2019.1681187","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42387853","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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