Pub Date : 2018-07-03DOI: 10.1080/08898480.2018.1477381
M. Gámiz, M. D. Martínez-Miranda, R. Raya-Miranda
ABSTRACT Candidate parametric mortality models are tested graphically. If the model is correct, the transformed data are distributed exponentially. The graphical test is based on scale and space inference. It involves smoothing of the hazard rate and simultaneous confidence intervals. It is applied to a frailty model used to set annuity reserves. Simulation and the comparison with other non-graphical tests shows that the graphical test helps localize discrepancies of empirical data with respect to the tested model.
{"title":"Graphical goodness-of-fit test for mortality models","authors":"M. Gámiz, M. D. Martínez-Miranda, R. Raya-Miranda","doi":"10.1080/08898480.2018.1477381","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/08898480.2018.1477381","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Candidate parametric mortality models are tested graphically. If the model is correct, the transformed data are distributed exponentially. The graphical test is based on scale and space inference. It involves smoothing of the hazard rate and simultaneous confidence intervals. It is applied to a frailty model used to set annuity reserves. Simulation and the comparison with other non-graphical tests shows that the graphical test helps localize discrepancies of empirical data with respect to the tested model.","PeriodicalId":49859,"journal":{"name":"Mathematical Population Studies","volume":"25 1","pages":"123 - 142"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2018-07-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/08898480.2018.1477381","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42066421","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2018-07-03DOI: 10.1080/08898480.2018.1477386
Morgan M. Millar, P. Schmuhl, Kent Page, Andrea L. Genovesi, Michael Ely, Craig Hemingway, L. Olson
ABSTRACT The web-push method has been shown to increase web response rates in general public surveys. Response rates from two waves of the Emergency Medical Services for Children Program’s Performance Measures Survey, a state-administered establishment survey, were compared to determine if the second wave's revised, centralized implementation strategy improved response rates and consistency across states. The centralized strategy included the web-push design; a carefully timed contacts; and a three-month timeline. The results of the centralized web-push method included a higher overall response rate for a three-month period (81.0% compared to 56.6%) as well as greater consistency in results across states.
{"title":"Improving response to an establishment survey through the use of web-push data collection methods","authors":"Morgan M. Millar, P. Schmuhl, Kent Page, Andrea L. Genovesi, Michael Ely, Craig Hemingway, L. Olson","doi":"10.1080/08898480.2018.1477386","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/08898480.2018.1477386","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT The web-push method has been shown to increase web response rates in general public surveys. Response rates from two waves of the Emergency Medical Services for Children Program’s Performance Measures Survey, a state-administered establishment survey, were compared to determine if the second wave's revised, centralized implementation strategy improved response rates and consistency across states. The centralized strategy included the web-push design; a carefully timed contacts; and a three-month timeline. The results of the centralized web-push method included a higher overall response rate for a three-month period (81.0% compared to 56.6%) as well as greater consistency in results across states.","PeriodicalId":49859,"journal":{"name":"Mathematical Population Studies","volume":"25 1","pages":"168 - 179"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2018-07-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/08898480.2018.1477386","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"60023469","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2018-04-03DOI: 10.1080/08898480.2018.1439245
V. Toepoel, Frederik Funke
ABSTRACT In an experiment dealing with the use of personal computer, tablet, or mobile, scale points (up to 5, 7, or 11) and response formats (bars or buttons) are varied to examine differences in mean scores and nonresponse. The total number of “not applicable” answers does not vary significantly. Personal computer has the lowest item nonresponse, followed by mobile and tablet, and a lower mean score than for mobile. Slider bars showed lower mean scores and more nonresponses than buttons, indicating that they are more prone to bias and difficult in use. Sider bars, which work with a drag-and-drop principle, perform worse than visual analogue scales working with a point-and-click principle and buttons. Five-point scales have more nonresponses than eleven-point scales. Respondents evaluate 11-point scales more positively than shorter scales.
{"title":"Sliders, visual analogue scales, or buttons: Influence of formats and scales in mobile and desktop surveys","authors":"V. Toepoel, Frederik Funke","doi":"10.1080/08898480.2018.1439245","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/08898480.2018.1439245","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT In an experiment dealing with the use of personal computer, tablet, or mobile, scale points (up to 5, 7, or 11) and response formats (bars or buttons) are varied to examine differences in mean scores and nonresponse. The total number of “not applicable” answers does not vary significantly. Personal computer has the lowest item nonresponse, followed by mobile and tablet, and a lower mean score than for mobile. Slider bars showed lower mean scores and more nonresponses than buttons, indicating that they are more prone to bias and difficult in use. Sider bars, which work with a drag-and-drop principle, perform worse than visual analogue scales working with a point-and-click principle and buttons. Five-point scales have more nonresponses than eleven-point scales. Respondents evaluate 11-point scales more positively than shorter scales.","PeriodicalId":49859,"journal":{"name":"Mathematical Population Studies","volume":"25 1","pages":"112 - 122"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2018-04-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/08898480.2018.1439245","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43524627","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2018-04-03DOI: 10.1080/08898480.2018.1439240
Natalja Menold, C. Wolf, K. Bogner
Since their introduction by Thurstone (1929) and Likert (1932), rating scales have been determinant in questionnaires. A rating scale usually defines the graduations out of a continuum such as agreement, intensity, frequency, or satisfaction. Respondents evaluate questions and items by marking the appropriate category, which usually concerns personal characteristics, opinions, and behavior Parducci (1983) defines responses as functions of the continuum of a rating scale. They range between the end poles and depend on the graduation of the scale; however, their quality should not be influenced by the characteristics of the rating scale. Menold and Bogner (2016) review characteristics of rating scales as follows: total number of categories, usage of middle and “do not know” options, category labeling, scale orientation (starting with a negative or a positive value, or a lower or a higher value), scale polarity (usage of verbal opposites), and visual presentation. The best design of rating scales remains controversial. Moreover, characteristics of rating scales can affect the quality of measurement (Krosnick and Fabrigar, 1997). Menold and Tausch (2016) demonstrate that different total numbers of categories have different psychometric properties and that verbalisation affects measurement. Data can no longer be compared if they have been produced from different rating scales. Graduations used in rating scales involve metric properties, because they are supposed to correspond to equal differences between categories. Orth (1982) and Westermann (1985) criticized this assumption of equidistance. The socalled “visual design” (Christian and Dillman, 2004; Tourangeau et al., 2007) was introduced to make out the influence of the graphical presentation of rating scales on response. Responses could, conciously or not, be biased by the graphical features. According to Schaefer and Dykema (2011: 912), “although past research often allows us to predict how a marginal distribution will be affected ... we are too often unable to say which version of a question is more reliable or valid.” That is why the reliability and validity of rating scales constitute an issue. This special
{"title":"Design aspects of rating scales in questionnaires","authors":"Natalja Menold, C. Wolf, K. Bogner","doi":"10.1080/08898480.2018.1439240","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/08898480.2018.1439240","url":null,"abstract":"Since their introduction by Thurstone (1929) and Likert (1932), rating scales have been determinant in questionnaires. A rating scale usually defines the graduations out of a continuum such as agreement, intensity, frequency, or satisfaction. Respondents evaluate questions and items by marking the appropriate category, which usually concerns personal characteristics, opinions, and behavior Parducci (1983) defines responses as functions of the continuum of a rating scale. They range between the end poles and depend on the graduation of the scale; however, their quality should not be influenced by the characteristics of the rating scale. Menold and Bogner (2016) review characteristics of rating scales as follows: total number of categories, usage of middle and “do not know” options, category labeling, scale orientation (starting with a negative or a positive value, or a lower or a higher value), scale polarity (usage of verbal opposites), and visual presentation. The best design of rating scales remains controversial. Moreover, characteristics of rating scales can affect the quality of measurement (Krosnick and Fabrigar, 1997). Menold and Tausch (2016) demonstrate that different total numbers of categories have different psychometric properties and that verbalisation affects measurement. Data can no longer be compared if they have been produced from different rating scales. Graduations used in rating scales involve metric properties, because they are supposed to correspond to equal differences between categories. Orth (1982) and Westermann (1985) criticized this assumption of equidistance. The socalled “visual design” (Christian and Dillman, 2004; Tourangeau et al., 2007) was introduced to make out the influence of the graphical presentation of rating scales on response. Responses could, conciously or not, be biased by the graphical features. According to Schaefer and Dykema (2011: 912), “although past research often allows us to predict how a marginal distribution will be affected ... we are too often unable to say which version of a question is more reliable or valid.” That is why the reliability and validity of rating scales constitute an issue. This special","PeriodicalId":49859,"journal":{"name":"Mathematical Population Studies","volume":"25 1","pages":"63 - 65"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2018-04-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/08898480.2018.1439240","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44458610","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2018-04-03DOI: 10.1080/08898480.2018.1439242
Stefan Eifler, Natalja Menold
ABSTRACT Violations of linearity, symmetry, and equidistance of scale points in semantic differential scales may be due to respondents failing to figure out antonyms, to a positivity bias, or to respondents curtailing their reading the options. Multiple correspondence analysis on data provided by a randomized between-subjects experiment (split-ballot), using a web survey of 537 German residents, shows that bipolar semantic differential scales allow for linear measurement and conceal no positivity bias, and that using not suitable adjective pairs in semantic differential scales destroys symmetry.
{"title":"Linearity, symmetry, and equidistance in semantic differential scales for measuring images of self and images of others","authors":"Stefan Eifler, Natalja Menold","doi":"10.1080/08898480.2018.1439242","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/08898480.2018.1439242","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Violations of linearity, symmetry, and equidistance of scale points in semantic differential scales may be due to respondents failing to figure out antonyms, to a positivity bias, or to respondents curtailing their reading the options. Multiple correspondence analysis on data provided by a randomized between-subjects experiment (split-ballot), using a web survey of 537 German residents, shows that bipolar semantic differential scales allow for linear measurement and conceal no positivity bias, and that using not suitable adjective pairs in semantic differential scales destroys symmetry.","PeriodicalId":49859,"journal":{"name":"Mathematical Population Studies","volume":"25 1","pages":"82 - 98"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2018-04-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/08898480.2018.1439242","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41447861","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2018-04-03DOI: 10.1080/08898480.2018.1439241
Diana Zavala-Rojas, R. Tormos, Wiebke Weber, M. Revilla
ABSTRACT Split-ballot multi-trait-multi-method experiments are used to evaluate the quality of measurement of different response scales of survey items gauging “evaluation of government services” and “political trust.” The response scales differ by agree/disagree scales, item-specific scales, total number of categories, and the presence of fixed reference points on their constructing extreme items. The Center for Opinion Studies of the Catalan government in Spain conducted the survey in 2011. The best response scale depends on the complexity of the topic and of the formulation of the question. For simple topics and formulations, the format of the response scale has no effect on the quality of measurement.
{"title":"Designing response scales with multi-trait-multi-method experiments","authors":"Diana Zavala-Rojas, R. Tormos, Wiebke Weber, M. Revilla","doi":"10.1080/08898480.2018.1439241","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/08898480.2018.1439241","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Split-ballot multi-trait-multi-method experiments are used to evaluate the quality of measurement of different response scales of survey items gauging “evaluation of government services” and “political trust.” The response scales differ by agree/disagree scales, item-specific scales, total number of categories, and the presence of fixed reference points on their constructing extreme items. The Center for Opinion Studies of the Catalan government in Spain conducted the survey in 2011. The best response scale depends on the complexity of the topic and of the formulation of the question. For simple topics and formulations, the format of the response scale has no effect on the quality of measurement.","PeriodicalId":49859,"journal":{"name":"Mathematical Population Studies","volume":"25 1","pages":"66 - 81"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2018-04-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/08898480.2018.1439241","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45211070","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2018-04-03DOI: 10.1080/08898480.2018.1439244
K. Bogner, Klaus Pforr, Natalja Menold
ABSTRACT The presentation and visual design of the “don’t know” category in rating scales on respondents’ behavior may have ambivalent effects. The hypothesis is that attitude strength toward the topic influences the respondents’ sensitivity to the graphical design of the scale. A paper-and-pencil questionnaire conducted among 307 German university students contained an experimental variation of the presentation of a “don’t know” category and its visual design. A multinomial logistic regression shows that presenting a “don’t know” category drives respondents toward extreme categories. The visual design of the “don’t know” category influences the distribution of responses, all the more that the respondents’ attitudes toward the item topic are weak.
{"title":"Attitude strength moderates adverse effects to questionnaire design","authors":"K. Bogner, Klaus Pforr, Natalja Menold","doi":"10.1080/08898480.2018.1439244","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/08898480.2018.1439244","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT The presentation and visual design of the “don’t know” category in rating scales on respondents’ behavior may have ambivalent effects. The hypothesis is that attitude strength toward the topic influences the respondents’ sensitivity to the graphical design of the scale. A paper-and-pencil questionnaire conducted among 307 German university students contained an experimental variation of the presentation of a “don’t know” category and its visual design. A multinomial logistic regression shows that presenting a “don’t know” category drives respondents toward extreme categories. The visual design of the “don’t know” category influences the distribution of responses, all the more that the respondents’ attitudes toward the item topic are weak.","PeriodicalId":49859,"journal":{"name":"Mathematical Population Studies","volume":"25 1","pages":"99 - 111"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2018-04-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/08898480.2018.1439244","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42283097","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2018-02-26DOI: 10.1080/08898480.2017.1418116
L. Martinez-Uribe
ABSTRACT Digital archives contribute to Big data. Combining social network analysis, coincidence analysis, data reduction, and visual analytics leads to better characterize topics over time, publishers’ main themes and best authors of all times, according to the British newspaper The Guardian and from the 3 million records of the British National Bibliography.
{"title":"Digital archives as Big data","authors":"L. Martinez-Uribe","doi":"10.1080/08898480.2017.1418116","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/08898480.2017.1418116","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Digital archives contribute to Big data. Combining social network analysis, coincidence analysis, data reduction, and visual analytics leads to better characterize topics over time, publishers’ main themes and best authors of all times, according to the British newspaper The Guardian and from the 3 million records of the British National Bibliography.","PeriodicalId":49859,"journal":{"name":"Mathematical Population Studies","volume":"26 1","pages":"69 - 79"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2018-02-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/08898480.2017.1418116","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42909024","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2018-01-02DOI: 10.1080/08898480.2017.1408356
Youngaih Kim
ABSTRACT Family responsibilities for women are often associated with precarious employment. This relation varies depending on whether women can reconcile family life and work or not. Based on the Korean Labor and Income Panel Study from 1998 to 2008 and on the French part of the European Community Household Panel between 1998 and 2001, a multiple correspondence analysis shows that precariousness in employment is correlated with family life and levels of education. The better conditions of work-family balance in France enable young mothers to combine family life with stable employment of good quality, which is not the case for South Korean women. The comparison of the two countries highlights the necessary reforms in favor of women’s better being.
{"title":"Precarious employment among South Korean women: Insights from a comparison to France","authors":"Youngaih Kim","doi":"10.1080/08898480.2017.1408356","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/08898480.2017.1408356","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Family responsibilities for women are often associated with precarious employment. This relation varies depending on whether women can reconcile family life and work or not. Based on the Korean Labor and Income Panel Study from 1998 to 2008 and on the French part of the European Community Household Panel between 1998 and 2001, a multiple correspondence analysis shows that precariousness in employment is correlated with family life and levels of education. The better conditions of work-family balance in France enable young mothers to combine family life with stable employment of good quality, which is not the case for South Korean women. The comparison of the two countries highlights the necessary reforms in favor of women’s better being.","PeriodicalId":49859,"journal":{"name":"Mathematical Population Studies","volume":"25 1","pages":"41 - 61"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2018-01-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/08898480.2017.1408356","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48468209","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2018-01-02DOI: 10.1080/08898480.2017.1348749
Z. Mielecka-Kubień
ABSTRACT The parameters of the distribution of alcohol consumption are estimated from the population mean and the mode of the log-normal distribution, separately for each sex. The lack of representativeness of the sample due to the failure to reach heavy drinkers is overcome. The distributions of alcohol consumption show a tight relationship between mean and standard deviation.
{"title":"On the estimation of the distribution of alcohol consumption","authors":"Z. Mielecka-Kubień","doi":"10.1080/08898480.2017.1348749","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/08898480.2017.1348749","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT The parameters of the distribution of alcohol consumption are estimated from the population mean and the mode of the log-normal distribution, separately for each sex. The lack of representativeness of the sample due to the failure to reach heavy drinkers is overcome. The distributions of alcohol consumption show a tight relationship between mean and standard deviation.","PeriodicalId":49859,"journal":{"name":"Mathematical Population Studies","volume":"25 1","pages":"1 - 19"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2018-01-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/08898480.2017.1348749","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45173892","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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