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An experimental comparison of mathematical heavy-duty city bus models to evaluate passenger ride comfort induced by road roughness 道路不平度对重型城市客车乘坐舒适性影响的数学模型的实验比较
IF 1.9 4区 数学 Q3 COMPUTER SCIENCE, INTERDISCIPLINARY APPLICATIONS Pub Date : 2021-01-02 DOI: 10.1080/13873954.2021.1887276
Teron Nguyen, Patrick Swolana, B. Lechner, Wong Y.D.
ABSTRACT Mathematical models have been used widely to investigate the vehicle-passenger-infrastructure dynamical interaction; however, the responses of various heavy-duty city bus models to estimate ride comfort induced by road roughness are still unknown. In this study, the comparison of dynamical response of buses used in city transport is investigated based on multi-degrees-of-freedom (DOF) bus models developed in MATLAB/Simulink and correlated against passenger ride comfort criteria. The results showed that 9-DOF full bus model is the best option to estimate passenger ride comfort within an error of 2%, as compared to 5-DOF half and 3-DOF quarter bus models with 7% and 20% errors using one wheel-track, and 24% and 36% errors using two wheel-tracks, respectively. The error was calculated as the difference between simulated results from three bus models and the measured data. These mathematical bus models can be customized for estimating passenger ride comfort and surface roughness of dedicated bus/bus-rapid-transit lanes.
数学模型已被广泛应用于研究车辆-乘客-基础设施的动态相互作用;然而,各种重型城市公交车模型对道路粗糙度引起的乘坐舒适性的响应仍然未知。在本研究中,基于在MATLAB/Simulink中开发的多自由度公交车模型,并与乘客乘坐舒适性标准相关联,对城市交通中使用的公交车的动力响应进行了比较研究。结果表明,9自由度全巴士模型是估计乘客乘坐舒适性的最佳选择,误差在2%以内,而5自由度半巴士模型和3自由度四分之一巴士模型使用单轮轨道的误差分别为7%和20%,使用两轮轨道的误差则分别为24%和36%。误差计算为三个总线模型的模拟结果与测量数据之间的差异。这些公交数学模型可以定制,用于估计乘客乘坐舒适度和专用公交/快速公交车道的表面粗糙度。
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引用次数: 5
Parameter extraction and modelling of the MOS transistor by an equivalent resistance 基于等效电阻的MOS晶体管参数提取与建模
IF 1.9 4区 数学 Q3 COMPUTER SCIENCE, INTERDISCIPLINARY APPLICATIONS Pub Date : 2021-01-02 DOI: 10.1080/13873954.2020.1857790
S. Sharroush, Y. Abdalla
ABSTRACT During the analysis of multi-transistor circuits, the need arises to evaluate the time delay or the power consumption of the circuit. Due to the complexity of the transistor model, several complicated equations arise from which a compact-form solution cannot be obtained and a suitable physical insight cannot be drawn. With this regard, two contributions are presented in this paper. The first one is a fully analytical parameter extraction approach to be applied on the MOS transistors. The second one is a quantitative method for simplifying the analysis of MOS circuits by modelling the MOS transistor by a suitable equivalent resistance adopting the time-delay or the power-consumption equivalence criteria. The parameter-extraction method is verified by using the extracted parameters in the derived expressions according to the second contribution. Compared to other representations, the agreement of the proposed model with the simulation results is very good.
在分析多晶体管电路时,需要对电路的时间延迟或功耗进行评估。由于晶体管模型的复杂性,产生了一些复杂的方程,从中不能得到紧凑形式的解,也不能得出适当的物理见解。在这方面,本文提出了两项贡献。第一种是应用于MOS晶体管的全解析参数提取方法。二是采用时延或功耗等效准则,用合适的等效电阻对MOS晶体管进行建模,简化MOS电路分析的定量方法。根据第二个贡献,在导出表达式中使用提取的参数对参数提取方法进行了验证。与其它模型相比,所提出的模型与仿真结果吻合较好。
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引用次数: 4
Forecasting the primary energy consumption using a time delay grey model with fractional order accumulation 利用分数阶累积时滞灰色模型预测一次能源消耗
IF 1.9 4区 数学 Q3 COMPUTER SCIENCE, INTERDISCIPLINARY APPLICATIONS Pub Date : 2021-01-02 DOI: 10.1080/13873954.2020.1859547
L. Zeng
ABSTRACT Energy consumption prediction is a hot issue, which is of great significance to regional energy security. In the existing prediction research with small samples, the time delay characteristic of an energy consumption system in itself is often ignored. To reflect the time delay characteristic of an energy consumption system and accurately grasp its development trend, a novel nonlinear time delay grey model with fractional order accumulation is presented. The new model is utilized to forecast and analyze Guangdong’s primary energy consumption, in which the time delay parameter is ascertained by the grey correlation analysis method, and the other parameters are determined via particle swarm optimization. The results show the simulation accuracy of the new model is higher than those of the other 3 grey models, and the predicted results in the next three years can provide decision-making and theoretical reference for the relevant departments of Guangdong province.
能源消耗预测是一个热点问题,对区域能源安全具有重要意义。在现有的小样本预测研究中,能耗系统本身的时延特性往往被忽视。为了反映能耗系统的时滞特性,准确把握其发展趋势,提出了一种具有分数阶累积的非线性时滞灰色模型。利用该模型对广东省一次能源消耗进行了预测分析,其中时延参数采用灰色关联分析方法确定,其他参数采用粒子群优化方法确定。结果表明,新模型的模拟精度高于其他3个灰色模型,未来3年的预测结果可为广东省有关部门提供决策和理论参考。
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引用次数: 8
Emotion-involved human decision-making model 情感参与的人类决策模型
IF 1.9 4区 数学 Q3 COMPUTER SCIENCE, INTERDISCIPLINARY APPLICATIONS Pub Date : 2021-01-02 DOI: 10.1080/13873954.2021.1986846
Kaede Iinuma, K. Kogiso
ABSTRACT This study proposes a computational human decision-making model that handles emotion-induced behaviour. The proposed model can determine a rational or irrational action according to a probability distribution obtained by mixing an optimal policy of a partially observable Markov decision process and an evolved probability distribution by novel dynamics of emotions. Emotion dynamics with consecutive negative observations cause emotion-induced irrational behaviours. We clarify the conditions, via two theorems, that the proposed model computes rational and irrational actions in terms of some model parameters. A numerical example based on Japanese court records is used to confirm that the proposed model imitates the human decision-making process. Moreover, we discuss the possibility of preventive measures for avoiding the murder case scenario. This study shows that if the traits of a decision maker can be modelled, the proposed model can support human interactions to avoid an emotion-driven murder case scenario.
摘要本研究提出了一个处理情绪诱导行为的计算人类决策模型。所提出的模型可以根据通过混合部分可观察的马尔可夫决策过程的最优策略和通过新的情绪动力学的进化概率分布而获得的概率分布来确定理性或非理性行为。连续负面观察的情绪动力学会导致情绪引发的非理性行为。我们通过两个定理阐明了所提出的模型根据一些模型参数计算有理和无理作用的条件。一个基于日本法庭记录的数值例子证实了所提出的模型模仿了人类的决策过程。此外,我们还讨论了采取预防措施以避免发生谋杀案的可能性。这项研究表明,如果决策者的特征可以建模,那么所提出的模型可以支持人类互动,以避免情绪驱动的谋杀案。
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引用次数: 1
Designing optimal models of nonlinear MIMO systems based on orthogonal polynomial neural networks 基于正交多项式神经网络的非线性MIMO系统优化模型设计
IF 1.9 4区 数学 Q3 COMPUTER SCIENCE, INTERDISCIPLINARY APPLICATIONS Pub Date : 2021-01-02 DOI: 10.1080/13873954.2021.1909069
M. Milojković, Miroslav B. Milovanović, Saša S. Nikolić, M. Spasić, Andjela Antić
ABSTRACT This paper presents a new method for modelling of dynamic systems by using specially designed orthogonal polynomial neural networks. These networks utilize the feature that the basis made of orthogonal functions can be used for approximation of arbitrary function, while their property of orthogonality enables optimal performances in the sense of both convergence time and approximation error. In this regard, generalized quasi-orthogonal polynomials, specifically tailored for the application in the modelling of complex dynamic systems with time-varying behaviour, are considered. Adaptivity of the designed model is achieved by using variable factors inside the orthogonal basis. The designed orthogonal neural network is applied in modelling of laboratory twin-rotor aero-dynamic system as a representative of nonlinear multiple input-multiple output systems. Detailed comparative analysis is performed for a different number of polynomials in expansion with the purpose of finding the optimal model in the sense of trade-off between model accuracy and complexity.
本文提出了一种利用专门设计的正交多项式神经网络进行动态系统建模的新方法。这些网络利用正交函数构成的基可以用来逼近任意函数的特点,而它们的正交性使其在收敛时间和逼近误差方面都具有最佳性能。在这方面,广义拟正交多项式,专门为应用于具有时变行为的复杂动态系统的建模,被考虑。通过在正交基内使用可变因子来实现设计模型的自适应。将所设计的正交神经网络作为非线性多输入-多输出系统的代表,应用于实验室双转子气动系统的建模。对不同数量的多项式展开进行了详细的对比分析,目的是在模型精度和复杂度之间寻找最优模型。
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引用次数: 3
Using Neural Networks for a Universal Framework for Agent-based Models 基于智能体模型的通用框架使用神经网络
IF 1.9 4区 数学 Q3 COMPUTER SCIENCE, INTERDISCIPLINARY APPLICATIONS Pub Date : 2021-01-02 DOI: 10.1080/13873954.2021.1889609
Georg Jäger
ABSTRACT Traditional agent-based modelling is mostly rule-based. For many systems, this approach is extremely successful, since the rules are well understood. However, for a large class of systems it is difficult to find rules that adequately describe the behaviour of the agents. A simple example would be two agents playing chess: Here, it is impossible to find simple rules. To solve this problem, we introduce a framework for agent-based modelling that incorporates machine learning. In a process closely related to reinforcement learning, the agents learn rules. As a trade-off, a utility function needs to be defined, which is much simpler in most cases. We test this framework to replicate the results of the prominent Sugarscape model as a proof of principle. Furthermore, we investigate a more complicated version of the Sugarscape model, that exceeds the scope of the original framework. By expanding the framework we also find satisfying results there.
传统的基于智能体的建模大多是基于规则的。对于许多系统,这种方法是非常成功的,因为规则是很容易理解的。然而,对于大型系统来说,很难找到能够充分描述代理行为的规则。一个简单的例子是两个智能体下棋:在这里,不可能找到简单的规则。为了解决这个问题,我们引入了一个包含机器学习的基于代理的建模框架。在一个与强化学习密切相关的过程中,智能体学习规则。作为权衡,需要定义效用函数,这在大多数情况下要简单得多。我们测试了这个框架,以复制著名的Sugarscape模型的结果,作为原则的证明。此外,我们还研究了一个更复杂的版本的Sugarscape模型,它超出了原始框架的范围。通过扩展框架,我们也发现了令人满意的结果。
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引用次数: 8
Correction 修正
IF 1.9 4区 数学 Q3 COMPUTER SCIENCE, INTERDISCIPLINARY APPLICATIONS Pub Date : 2021-01-02 DOI: 10.1080/13873954.2021.1932572
M. Abbès, A. Farhat
(1) In Figure 6, the legend is correct but the image is not correct. The image in figure 6 should be replaced by the image of figure 11. (2) In Figure 7, the legend is correct but the image is not correct. The image in figure 7 should be replaced by the image of figure 12. (3) In Figure 8, the legend is correct but the image is not correct. The image in figure 8 should be replaced by the image of figure 6. (4) In Figure 10, the legend is correct but the image is not correct. The image in figure 10 should be replaced by the image of figure 7. (5) In Figure 11, the legend is correct but the image is not correct. The image in figure 10 should be replaced by the image of figure 8. (6) In Figure 12, the legend is correct but the image is not correct. The image in figure 10 should be replaced by the image of figure 10.
(1)在图6中,图例是正确的,但图像不正确。图6中的图像应该替换为图11中的图像。(2)在图7中,图例是正确的,但图像不正确。图7中的图像应该替换为图12中的图像。(3)在图8中,图例是正确的,但图像不正确。图8中的图像应该替换为图6中的图像。(4)在图10中,图例是正确的,但图像不正确。图10中的图像应该替换为图7中的图像。(5)在图11中,图例是正确的,但图像不正确。图10中的图像应该替换为图8中的图像。(6)在图12中,图例是正确的,但图像不正确。图10中的图像应该替换为图10中的图像。
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引用次数: 0
Modelling and control of a spherical pendulum via a non–minimal state representation 基于非最小状态表示的球摆建模与控制
IF 1.9 4区 数学 Q3 COMPUTER SCIENCE, INTERDISCIPLINARY APPLICATIONS Pub Date : 2021-01-02 DOI: 10.1080/13873954.2020.1853175
Ricardo Campa, Israel Soto, O. Martinez
ABSTRACT A spherical pendulum is a 2 degree-of-freedom mechanism consisting on a rod whose tip moves on the surface of a sphere. It is common to use two angular coordinates to describe such a system. This paper proposes the use of a non-minimal set of coordinates for modelling and controlling a fully-actuated torque-driven spherical pendulum. These coordinates is merely for the purpose of showing the application of unit quaternions as a useful tool for dealing with the orientation of rigid bodies. First, we recall the properties of unit quaternions, and explain how they can be employed for the definition of such non-minimal pendulum coordinates. Later, the control objective for orientation regulation is established and an inverse-dynamics controller, which uses joint displacement and velocity measurements but also some non-minimal states for the orientation error, is proposed. The stability analysis shows the fulfilment of the control objective and is validated through simulations.
球摆是一种2自由度的机构,它由一根杆组成,其尖端在球体表面运动。通常用两个角坐标来描述这样的系统。本文提出了利用非极小坐标集对全致动力矩驱动球摆进行建模和控制。这些坐标仅仅是为了显示单位四元数作为处理刚体方向的有用工具的应用。首先,我们回顾了单位四元数的性质,并解释了如何利用它们来定义这种非极小摆坐标。在此基础上,建立了姿态调节的控制目标,提出了一种利用关节位移和速度测量以及姿态误差非极小状态的逆动力学控制器。稳定性分析表明控制目标的实现,并通过仿真进行了验证。
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引用次数: 2
Port-Hamiltonian formulations of poroelastic network models 孔隙弹性网络模型的Port Hamilton公式
IF 1.9 4区 数学 Q3 COMPUTER SCIENCE, INTERDISCIPLINARY APPLICATIONS Pub Date : 2020-12-03 DOI: 10.1080/13873954.2021.1975137
R. Altmann, V. Mehrmann, B. Unger
ABSTRACT We investigate an energy-based formulation of the two-field poroelasticity model and the related multiple-network model as they appear in geosciences or medical applications. We propose a port-Hamiltonian formulation of the system equations, which is beneficial for preserving important system properties after discretization or model-order reduction. For this, we include the commonly omitted second-order term and consider the corresponding first-order formulation. The port-Hamiltonian formulation of the quasi-static case is then obtained by (formally) setting the second-order term zero. Further, we interpret the poroelastic equations as an interconnection of a network of submodels with internal energies, adding a control-theoretic understanding of the poroelastic equations.
摘要:我们研究了双场孔隙弹性模型和相关的多网络模型在地球科学或医学应用中的基于能量的公式。我们提出了系统方程的端口哈密顿公式,这有利于在离散化或模型降阶后保持重要的系统性质。为此,我们包括了通常省略的二阶项,并考虑了相应的一阶公式。然后通过(形式上)设置二阶项为零,获得准静态情况下的端口哈密顿公式。此外,我们将孔隙弹性方程解释为具有内能的子模型网络的互连,增加了对孔隙弹性方程的控制理论理解。
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引用次数: 20
An energy-consumption model for establishing an integrated energy-consumption process in a machining system 建立加工系统综合能耗过程的能耗模型
IF 1.9 4区 数学 Q3 COMPUTER SCIENCE, INTERDISCIPLINARY APPLICATIONS Pub Date : 2020-11-01 DOI: 10.1080/13873954.2020.1833045
Wenbin Gu, Zhuohao Li, Zeyu Chen, Yuxin Li
ABSTRACT Manufacturing industry accounts for a significant part of world’s energy consumption and environmental pollutions. Machining process is a major process of manufacturing industries, plays an important role in energy saving and emission reduction. This paper established an energy-consumption model for machining processes considering the full states of machining processes. Firstly, machining processes are decomposed into activities and activity transitions according to the different characteristics of energy demand. Secondly, based on the decomposition of activities and activity transitions, the energy-consumption models of activities and activity transitions are established, respectively. Thirdly, combining with the established energy-consumption models of activities and activity transitions, this paper proposes an energy-consumption model for the entire machining processes that systematically reflects different machining states. Finally, the simulation results show that the proposed model can accurately calculate the energy consumption of machining processes and provide guidance for machine tool energy saving.
摘要制造业在世界能源消耗和环境污染中占有重要地位。机械加工工艺是制造业的一项重要工艺,在节能减排方面发挥着重要作用。本文建立了一个考虑加工过程全状态的加工过程能耗模型。首先,根据能量需求的不同特征,将加工过程分解为活动和活动转换。其次,在分解活动和活动转换的基础上,分别建立了活动和活动转变的能耗模型。第三,结合已建立的活动和活动转换的能耗模型,提出了一个系统反映不同加工状态的整个加工过程的能耗模型。仿真结果表明,该模型能够准确计算加工过程的能耗,为机床节能提供指导。
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引用次数: 4
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Mathematical and Computer Modelling of Dynamical Systems
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