Pub Date : 2023-09-22DOI: 10.18705/2782-3806-2023-3-4-106-111
A. N. Tishko, P. V. Rinarova, L. N. Ryabinkina
Endolimax nana, is one of the least described non-pathogenic intestinal protozoa that is distributed throughout the world. Transmission occurs by the fecal-oral route. The main clinical manifestations of human infection with this protozoan are symptoms of the gastrointestinal tract. We have described a clinical case of infection in an 8-year-old child. When conducting a coprological study, cysts of E. Nana were found and a course of treatment with metronidazole was prescribed. In the control study of stool samples, a negative result was obtained, clinical manifestations disappeared.
{"title":"Endolimax nana invasion — from diagnosis to cure. A clinical case","authors":"A. N. Tishko, P. V. Rinarova, L. N. Ryabinkina","doi":"10.18705/2782-3806-2023-3-4-106-111","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18705/2782-3806-2023-3-4-106-111","url":null,"abstract":"Endolimax nana, is one of the least described non-pathogenic intestinal protozoa that is distributed throughout the world. Transmission occurs by the fecal-oral route. The main clinical manifestations of human infection with this protozoan are symptoms of the gastrointestinal tract. We have described a clinical case of infection in an 8-year-old child. When conducting a coprological study, cysts of E. Nana were found and a course of treatment with metronidazole was prescribed. In the control study of stool samples, a negative result was obtained, clinical manifestations disappeared.","PeriodicalId":499018,"journal":{"name":"Russian Journal for Personalized Medicine","volume":"79 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136061087","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-09-21DOI: 10.18705/2782-3806-2023-3-4-66-76
N. Yu. Chernysh, M. V. Kulakevich, Yu. I. Zhilenkova
Introduction . The algorithm for examining hospital patients includes a complete blood count and a number of biochemical parameters, which often do not have pathognomonic significance and require time and financial costs. There are hemogram parameters that have prognostic value for patients with infectious pathology. Objective — to evaluate the clinical and diagnostic significance of changes in advanced inflammation parameters of automated hematological analysis (neutrophil reactivity NEUT-RI, relative content of reactive neutrophils RE-NEUT, total number of immature forms of granulocytes TOTAL IG) in hospital patients with infectious pathology. Materials and methods . A retrospective cohort single-center study was conducted. Criteria for inclusion in the survey program: age 18–86 years, length of stay in the hospital > 7 days, no mortality until the end of the hospitalization period. The study included 51 patients hospitalized between December 2021 and December 2022 and were divided into two groups. Main group: patients with a confirmed pathogen (adenovirus, parainfluenza, bocavirus, rhinovirus, coronavirus) by REAL TIME PCR, C-reactive protein level 5 mg/l, absolute number of band neutrophils ≥ 6 % (n = 41). Control group: patients with confirmed absence of infection, C-re[1]active protein level ≤ 5 mg/l, absolute number of stab neutrophils ≤ 6 % (n = 12). In both groups of patients, extended parameters of inflammation of the complete blood count were assessed on the hematological analyzer Sysmex XN-9000 (Sysmex Co., Japan) on days 2 and 7 of hospital stay. At the same time in the blood serum samples, the level of C-reactive protein (CRP) and ferritin were determined on the biochemical analyzer ARCHITECT c16000 (Abbot, USA) using Werfen, Biokit (Barcelona, Madrid) and Abbot (USA) reagents Statistical processing of the obtained data was carried out using the analytical software IBM SPSS Statistics v.21 (“Statistical Package for the Social Sciences”). Results. The mean age of patients included in the study is 63 years. Comparative analysis was carried out by calculating Student’s t-test for dependent samples. RE-NEUT, TOTAL IG and CRP (RE-NEUT 9.5 ± 13.14; t = 2.7 at p = 0.009; TOTAL IG 11.13 ± 13.29; t = 2.7 at p = 0.009; CRP 84.84 ± 105.97; t = 3.13 at p = 0.003) show a statistically significant change after therapy. Both parameters are effective diagnostic criteria. Changes in the level of ferritin and NEUT-RI had no statistically significant differences. Extended parameters of inflammation had significant (p < 0.005) correlations with classical markers of inflammation at both measurement points (2/7 days) in patients of the main group: RE-NEUT and NEUT-RI 0.65/0.78; RE-NEUT and CRP 0.72/0.65; TOTAL IG and NEUT-RI 0.59/0.73; TOTAL IG and CRP 0.7/0.64, respectively. Conclusions . Advanced hemogram parameters provide accurate diagnostic values comparable to inflammatory markers and may have a priority recommendation for use in operational diagno
{"title":"Modern hemogram parameters in the diagnosis of infectious pathology","authors":"N. Yu. Chernysh, M. V. Kulakevich, Yu. I. Zhilenkova","doi":"10.18705/2782-3806-2023-3-4-66-76","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18705/2782-3806-2023-3-4-66-76","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction . The algorithm for examining hospital patients includes a complete blood count and a number of biochemical parameters, which often do not have pathognomonic significance and require time and financial costs. There are hemogram parameters that have prognostic value for patients with infectious pathology. Objective — to evaluate the clinical and diagnostic significance of changes in advanced inflammation parameters of automated hematological analysis (neutrophil reactivity NEUT-RI, relative content of reactive neutrophils RE-NEUT, total number of immature forms of granulocytes TOTAL IG) in hospital patients with infectious pathology. Materials and methods . A retrospective cohort single-center study was conducted. Criteria for inclusion in the survey program: age 18–86 years, length of stay in the hospital > 7 days, no mortality until the end of the hospitalization period. The study included 51 patients hospitalized between December 2021 and December 2022 and were divided into two groups. Main group: patients with a confirmed pathogen (adenovirus, parainfluenza, bocavirus, rhinovirus, coronavirus) by REAL TIME PCR, C-reactive protein level 5 mg/l, absolute number of band neutrophils ≥ 6 % (n = 41). Control group: patients with confirmed absence of infection, C-re[1]active protein level ≤ 5 mg/l, absolute number of stab neutrophils ≤ 6 % (n = 12). In both groups of patients, extended parameters of inflammation of the complete blood count were assessed on the hematological analyzer Sysmex XN-9000 (Sysmex Co., Japan) on days 2 and 7 of hospital stay. At the same time in the blood serum samples, the level of C-reactive protein (CRP) and ferritin were determined on the biochemical analyzer ARCHITECT c16000 (Abbot, USA) using Werfen, Biokit (Barcelona, Madrid) and Abbot (USA) reagents Statistical processing of the obtained data was carried out using the analytical software IBM SPSS Statistics v.21 (“Statistical Package for the Social Sciences”). Results. The mean age of patients included in the study is 63 years. Comparative analysis was carried out by calculating Student’s t-test for dependent samples. RE-NEUT, TOTAL IG and CRP (RE-NEUT 9.5 ± 13.14; t = 2.7 at p = 0.009; TOTAL IG 11.13 ± 13.29; t = 2.7 at p = 0.009; CRP 84.84 ± 105.97; t = 3.13 at p = 0.003) show a statistically significant change after therapy. Both parameters are effective diagnostic criteria. Changes in the level of ferritin and NEUT-RI had no statistically significant differences. Extended parameters of inflammation had significant (p < 0.005) correlations with classical markers of inflammation at both measurement points (2/7 days) in patients of the main group: RE-NEUT and NEUT-RI 0.65/0.78; RE-NEUT and CRP 0.72/0.65; TOTAL IG and NEUT-RI 0.59/0.73; TOTAL IG and CRP 0.7/0.64, respectively. Conclusions . Advanced hemogram parameters provide accurate diagnostic values comparable to inflammatory markers and may have a priority recommendation for use in operational diagno","PeriodicalId":499018,"journal":{"name":"Russian Journal for Personalized Medicine","volume":"12 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136237234","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-09-21DOI: 10.18705/2782-3806-2023-3-4-44-51
A. V. Savelyeva, K. A. Pishchulov
Venous thromboembolism (VTE) is highly consequential for patients with cancer, it is the second leading cause of death in these patients. The literature describes several mechanisms leading to these complications. One of these is the interaction of podoplanin (PDPN), which is the subject of this article, with its receptor on platelets CLEC-2 (C-type lectin-like type II transmembrane receptor). This interaction leads to platelet activation and promotes hematogenous metastasis and thrombosis associated with cancer. Podoplanin is expressed in gliomas, squamous cell carcinoma, osteosarcoma by cancer cells, and it is also normally expressed in podocytes and lymphatic endothelial cells, but not in vascular endothelium. Thrombus inflammation initiates ectopic expression of podoplanin in vascular endothelial cells, which promotes thrombosis. It has been shown that podoplanin expression correlates with the incidence of VTE, as well as with cancer metastasis. Violation of the PDPN-CLEC-2 interaction may become a new direction in the development of drugs for the prevention of thrombosis for patients with cancer.
{"title":"The role of podoplanin in tumor-associated thrombosis","authors":"A. V. Savelyeva, K. A. Pishchulov","doi":"10.18705/2782-3806-2023-3-4-44-51","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18705/2782-3806-2023-3-4-44-51","url":null,"abstract":"Venous thromboembolism (VTE) is highly consequential for patients with cancer, it is the second leading cause of death in these patients. The literature describes several mechanisms leading to these complications. One of these is the interaction of podoplanin (PDPN), which is the subject of this article, with its receptor on platelets CLEC-2 (C-type lectin-like type II transmembrane receptor). This interaction leads to platelet activation and promotes hematogenous metastasis and thrombosis associated with cancer. Podoplanin is expressed in gliomas, squamous cell carcinoma, osteosarcoma by cancer cells, and it is also normally expressed in podocytes and lymphatic endothelial cells, but not in vascular endothelium. Thrombus inflammation initiates ectopic expression of podoplanin in vascular endothelial cells, which promotes thrombosis. It has been shown that podoplanin expression correlates with the incidence of VTE, as well as with cancer metastasis. Violation of the PDPN-CLEC-2 interaction may become a new direction in the development of drugs for the prevention of thrombosis for patients with cancer.","PeriodicalId":499018,"journal":{"name":"Russian Journal for Personalized Medicine","volume":"64 8 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136237010","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-09-21DOI: 10.18705/2782-3806-2023-3-4-20-29
D. D. Kovaleva, P. V. Pozdnyakova, M. V. Khimina, A. A. Kolesov, A. S. Ulitina
Introduction. Atomic force microscopy (AFM) is the cutting-edge method for imaging of cells and subcellular structures, and it has wide application prospects in the laboratory diagnostics. For AFM effective using in practical medicine, it is necessary to determine the reference intervals (RI) for biological objects, particularly for erythrocytes (red blood cells). Aim. To determine the RI for AFM parameters characterizing erythrocyte size in healthy subjects. Materials and Methods . 32 blood donors aged 18–60 (22 males, 10 females) were enrolled into the study. All the participants have undergone light microscopy of a whole blood smear, clinical blood test, determination of the serum ferritin level, and AFM imaging of erythrocytes. Statistical analysis was done with SPSS, and parametrical criteria were used. RI were calculated according to the GOST (Russian State Standard) R 53022.3-2008. Results and Discussion. In all the participants, both all the parameters of clinical blood test and the ferritin serum level, were within their RI. According to light microscopy, in all the participants, erythrocytes were normocytes with unchanged form. So, investigated subjects showed their applicability to be used as the reference group for the determination of RI for AFM parameters characterizing erythrocyte size. We calculated RI and their confidential intervals for the following size parameters: minimal and maximal normocyte height, minimal and maximal normocyte diameter. Conclusion . Our results contribute to the development of AFM clinical methodology. Our results confirm the advisability of further investigations dedicated to the RI determination for AFM parameters characterizing erythrocyte size in increased samples of healthy subjects of different age groups.
介绍。原子力显微镜(Atomic force microscopy, AFM)是细胞和亚细胞结构成像的前沿方法，在实验室诊断中具有广泛的应用前景。为了使AFM在实际医学中有效应用，有必要确定生物对象的参考区间(RI)，特别是红细胞(红细胞)。的目标。测定健康人红细胞大小特征的AFM参数的RI。材料与方法。32名年龄在18-60岁的献血者(22名男性，10名女性)参加了这项研究。所有参与者都进行了全血涂片光镜检查、临床血液检查、血清铁蛋白水平测定和红细胞AFM成像。采用SPSS软件进行统计分析，采用参数化标准。RI根据GOST(俄罗斯国家标准)R 53022.3-2008计算。结果和讨论。所有受试者的临床血检各项指标及血清铁蛋白水平均在RI范围内。光镜下，所有参与者的红细胞均为形态不变的正常细胞。因此，研究对象显示出其适用性，可作为测定表征红细胞大小的AFM参数的RI的参照组。我们计算了以下大小参数的RI及其保密区间:最小和最大正常细胞高度，最小和最大正常细胞直径。结论。我们的结果有助于AFM临床方法学的发展。我们的结果证实，在不同年龄组的健康受试者增加的样本中，进一步研究RI测定表征红细胞大小的AFM参数是可取的。
{"title":"Determination of reference intervals for atomic force microscopy parameters characterizing erythrocyte size","authors":"D. D. Kovaleva, P. V. Pozdnyakova, M. V. Khimina, A. A. Kolesov, A. S. Ulitina","doi":"10.18705/2782-3806-2023-3-4-20-29","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18705/2782-3806-2023-3-4-20-29","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction. Atomic force microscopy (AFM) is the cutting-edge method for imaging of cells and subcellular structures, and it has wide application prospects in the laboratory diagnostics. For AFM effective using in practical medicine, it is necessary to determine the reference intervals (RI) for biological objects, particularly for erythrocytes (red blood cells). Aim. To determine the RI for AFM parameters characterizing erythrocyte size in healthy subjects. Materials and Methods . 32 blood donors aged 18–60 (22 males, 10 females) were enrolled into the study. All the participants have undergone light microscopy of a whole blood smear, clinical blood test, determination of the serum ferritin level, and AFM imaging of erythrocytes. Statistical analysis was done with SPSS, and parametrical criteria were used. RI were calculated according to the GOST (Russian State Standard) R 53022.3-2008. Results and Discussion. In all the participants, both all the parameters of clinical blood test and the ferritin serum level, were within their RI. According to light microscopy, in all the participants, erythrocytes were normocytes with unchanged form. So, investigated subjects showed their applicability to be used as the reference group for the determination of RI for AFM parameters characterizing erythrocyte size. We calculated RI and their confidential intervals for the following size parameters: minimal and maximal normocyte height, minimal and maximal normocyte diameter. Conclusion . Our results contribute to the development of AFM clinical methodology. Our results confirm the advisability of further investigations dedicated to the RI determination for AFM parameters characterizing erythrocyte size in increased samples of healthy subjects of different age groups.","PeriodicalId":499018,"journal":{"name":"Russian Journal for Personalized Medicine","volume":"31 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136237152","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-09-21DOI: 10.18705/2782-3806-2023-3-4-38-43
M. N. Zenina, M. A. Nuzhdina, N. Y. Chernysh, V. A. Yudina
EDTA-dependent pseudothrombocytopenia is the laboratory phenomenon of a spurious low platelet count which appears in vitro while using EDTA as anticoagulant. The problem of EDTA-dependent pseudothrombocytopenia has significant relevance due to the widespread using of automated hematology analyzers which EDTA stabilized blood is most recommended for. The mechanism of this phenomenon is based on the production of the specificantibodies causing the platelet aggregation in the presence of EDTA. The aim of this study was to evaluate MgSO4 as an in vitro anticoagulant for platelet count, MPV and correction WBC. Early determination of the patients with EDTA-dependent pseudothrombocytopenia is an important diagnostic criterion necessary to exclude blood diseases and prevent errors in treatment.
{"title":"Pseudothrombocytopenia — problems and ways to solve diagnostic problems","authors":"M. N. Zenina, M. A. Nuzhdina, N. Y. Chernysh, V. A. Yudina","doi":"10.18705/2782-3806-2023-3-4-38-43","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18705/2782-3806-2023-3-4-38-43","url":null,"abstract":"EDTA-dependent pseudothrombocytopenia is the laboratory phenomenon of a spurious low platelet count which appears in vitro while using EDTA as anticoagulant. The problem of EDTA-dependent pseudothrombocytopenia has significant relevance due to the widespread using of automated hematology analyzers which EDTA stabilized blood is most recommended for. The mechanism of this phenomenon is based on the production of the specificantibodies causing the platelet aggregation in the presence of EDTA. The aim of this study was to evaluate MgSO4 as an in vitro anticoagulant for platelet count, MPV and correction WBC. Early determination of the patients with EDTA-dependent pseudothrombocytopenia is an important diagnostic criterion necessary to exclude blood diseases and prevent errors in treatment.","PeriodicalId":499018,"journal":{"name":"Russian Journal for Personalized Medicine","volume":"8 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136237099","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-09-21DOI: 10.18705/2782-3806-2023-3-4-77-87
M. A. Ovchinnikova, Yu. I. Zhilenkova, N. Yu. Chernysh
The term “big data” (Big Data) refers to data sets, covering the excessive difference in differences between databases in the storage, management and analysis of information. The emergence of big data application algorithms has become the consumption of resources that use resource resources for information processing and computer calculations for the purpose of big data for statistical processing, analysis, forecasting and decision making. In laboratory practice, with a large amount of practical digital information, the use of big data is not currently widespread. The purpose of this work is to conduct a retrospective review of the literature on the use of big data in the field of laboratory medicine in the period 2018–2023. and evaluating the results of practical developments, benefits and achievements associated with big data analytics in the field of laboratory.
{"title":"Аpplication of Big Data in laboratory medicine. Russian Journal for Personalized Medicine","authors":"M. A. Ovchinnikova, Yu. I. Zhilenkova, N. Yu. Chernysh","doi":"10.18705/2782-3806-2023-3-4-77-87","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18705/2782-3806-2023-3-4-77-87","url":null,"abstract":"The term “big data” (Big Data) refers to data sets, covering the excessive difference in differences between databases in the storage, management and analysis of information. The emergence of big data application algorithms has become the consumption of resources that use resource resources for information processing and computer calculations for the purpose of big data for statistical processing, analysis, forecasting and decision making. In laboratory practice, with a large amount of practical digital information, the use of big data is not currently widespread. The purpose of this work is to conduct a retrospective review of the literature on the use of big data in the field of laboratory medicine in the period 2018–2023. and evaluating the results of practical developments, benefits and achievements associated with big data analytics in the field of laboratory.","PeriodicalId":499018,"journal":{"name":"Russian Journal for Personalized Medicine","volume":"9 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136237433","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-09-21DOI: 10.18705/2782-3806-2023-3-4-30-37
K. N. Zamyatina, B. L. Gaikovaya, M. M. Shpakov
Objective. To assess the state of the hemostasis system and the risk of hemorrhagic complications in patients before and after hip replacement while taking anticoagulants. Patients and methods . The study included 85 patients, 46 women (average age 62.8 ± 8.95) and 39 men (average age 55.1 ± 14.3) who were in the Clinic of Traumatology and Orthopedics of the I.I. Mechnikov NWSMU for planned hip replacement. All patients received rivaroxaban or apixaban at doses specified by Russian Clinical Guidelines for the diagnosis, treatment and prevention of venous thromboembolic complications. Retrospectively, in the postoperative period, the patients were divided into 2 groups: group 1 — 78 patients (42 women and 36 men) who had no hemorrhagic complications after hip replacement, and group 2 — 7 patients (4 women and 3 men) who had hemorrhagic events in the form of hematoma in the wound area. All patients underwent laboratory tests before surgery, on the first day and on the 10th day after arthroplasty. The laboratory study included the determination of hemostasis parameters (PT in seconds, PT % activity, APTB, Fibrinogen, D-dimer), the concentration of rivaroxaban or apixaban in blood plasma, molecular genetic study of the polymorphism of the G(-455)A gene. Results. When assessing the traumatic factors of surgical intervention in patients with hemorrhagic complications, the volume of blood loss is significantly higher (p = 0,001) compared with cases of uncomplicated course. Minor hyperfibrinogenemia (Me 5,18 g/l) before surgery was detected in group 2 patients. A statistically significant increase in fibrinogen concentration (p = 0,006) occurred in patients on the background of surgery and is associated with traumatic factors of surgery. There was an increase in the concentration of fibrinogen and the level of D-dimer above the reference values on the 10th day after endoprosthesis, but no statistically significant differences were observed in both groups. The concentration of rivaroxaban in the blood was within the therapeutic interval throughout the entire observation period, and apixaban was higher than the therapeutic dose in the group of patients with complications on the 1st day after surgery, while thrombosis and bleeding were not found in patients. Conclusion. Hyperfibrinogenemia in patients in the preoperative period and after surgery may be an additional factor in the development of postoperative complications. Determination of the concentration of rivaroxaban and apixaban in blood plasma using an automatic chromogenic test allows you to evaluate their anticoagulant effect.
{"title":"Prognostic value of hemostasis system indicators in patients with a traumatological profile when taking anticoagulants","authors":"K. N. Zamyatina, B. L. Gaikovaya, M. M. Shpakov","doi":"10.18705/2782-3806-2023-3-4-30-37","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18705/2782-3806-2023-3-4-30-37","url":null,"abstract":"Objective. To assess the state of the hemostasis system and the risk of hemorrhagic complications in patients before and after hip replacement while taking anticoagulants. Patients and methods . The study included 85 patients, 46 women (average age 62.8 ± 8.95) and 39 men (average age 55.1 ± 14.3) who were in the Clinic of Traumatology and Orthopedics of the I.I. Mechnikov NWSMU for planned hip replacement. All patients received rivaroxaban or apixaban at doses specified by Russian Clinical Guidelines for the diagnosis, treatment and prevention of venous thromboembolic complications. Retrospectively, in the postoperative period, the patients were divided into 2 groups: group 1 — 78 patients (42 women and 36 men) who had no hemorrhagic complications after hip replacement, and group 2 — 7 patients (4 women and 3 men) who had hemorrhagic events in the form of hematoma in the wound area. All patients underwent laboratory tests before surgery, on the first day and on the 10th day after arthroplasty. The laboratory study included the determination of hemostasis parameters (PT in seconds, PT % activity, APTB, Fibrinogen, D-dimer), the concentration of rivaroxaban or apixaban in blood plasma, molecular genetic study of the polymorphism of the G(-455)A gene. Results. When assessing the traumatic factors of surgical intervention in patients with hemorrhagic complications, the volume of blood loss is significantly higher (p = 0,001) compared with cases of uncomplicated course. Minor hyperfibrinogenemia (Me 5,18 g/l) before surgery was detected in group 2 patients. A statistically significant increase in fibrinogen concentration (p = 0,006) occurred in patients on the background of surgery and is associated with traumatic factors of surgery. There was an increase in the concentration of fibrinogen and the level of D-dimer above the reference values on the 10th day after endoprosthesis, but no statistically significant differences were observed in both groups. The concentration of rivaroxaban in the blood was within the therapeutic interval throughout the entire observation period, and apixaban was higher than the therapeutic dose in the group of patients with complications on the 1st day after surgery, while thrombosis and bleeding were not found in patients. Conclusion. Hyperfibrinogenemia in patients in the preoperative period and after surgery may be an additional factor in the development of postoperative complications. Determination of the concentration of rivaroxaban and apixaban in blood plasma using an automatic chromogenic test allows you to evaluate their anticoagulant effect.","PeriodicalId":499018,"journal":{"name":"Russian Journal for Personalized Medicine","volume":"49 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136237157","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-09-21DOI: 10.18705/2782-3806-2023-3-4-59-65
M. V. Golodyaeva, E. V. Labintсeva
Clinical manifestations of COVID-19 vary in different patients from asymptomatic to severe multiple organ failure. The aim of this study was to analyze the severity of COVID-19 in hospitalized patients depending on the initial viral load of SARS-CoV-2. Study included 156 patients 18 years old and more. In the RT-PCR test, viral load was assessed by amplification cycle threshold Ct. The result was considered positive for Ct values < 40 and negative for Ct ≥ 40. 3 groups of 52 people each with different trajectories of the course of the disease were identified: 1 — mild, 2 — moderate, 3 — severe/fatal. The values of the median Ct cycle threshold upon admission of patients in group 3 to the hospital were significantly lower, indicating higher initial levels of viral RNA in patients with more severe disease. This pattern persisted over a 28-day period, and it was in this 3 group that higher levels of viral RNA were detected throughout the time compared to other disease trajectories. In conclusion, the effect of the initial SARS-CoV-2 viral load and its dynamics during hospitalization on the severity of COVID-19 is shown. This parameter can be a prognostic marker for assessing the clinical condition of patients during treatment.
{"title":"Dependence of the severity of the course of COVID-19 on viral load in hospitalized patients","authors":"M. V. Golodyaeva, E. V. Labintсeva","doi":"10.18705/2782-3806-2023-3-4-59-65","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18705/2782-3806-2023-3-4-59-65","url":null,"abstract":"Clinical manifestations of COVID-19 vary in different patients from asymptomatic to severe multiple organ failure. The aim of this study was to analyze the severity of COVID-19 in hospitalized patients depending on the initial viral load of SARS-CoV-2. Study included 156 patients 18 years old and more. In the RT-PCR test, viral load was assessed by amplification cycle threshold Ct. The result was considered positive for Ct values < 40 and negative for Ct ≥ 40. 3 groups of 52 people each with different trajectories of the course of the disease were identified: 1 — mild, 2 — moderate, 3 — severe/fatal. The values of the median Ct cycle threshold upon admission of patients in group 3 to the hospital were significantly lower, indicating higher initial levels of viral RNA in patients with more severe disease. This pattern persisted over a 28-day period, and it was in this 3 group that higher levels of viral RNA were detected throughout the time compared to other disease trajectories. In conclusion, the effect of the initial SARS-CoV-2 viral load and its dynamics during hospitalization on the severity of COVID-19 is shown. This parameter can be a prognostic marker for assessing the clinical condition of patients during treatment.","PeriodicalId":499018,"journal":{"name":"Russian Journal for Personalized Medicine","volume":"25 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136237159","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-09-21DOI: 10.18705/2782-3806-2023-3-4-52-58
O. N. Startseva, T. V. Vavilova, N. N. Zybina
The use of hormonal drugs for contraception and menopausal replacement therapy is widespread throughout the world. However, the use of these drugs is associated with an increased risk of thromboembolic complications (TEO). At present, it has been established that the most important cause of feasibility study is the initial, sometimes hidden, violations of the hemostasis system, predisposing to increased blood clotting and thrombosis. Their timely identification helps to personalize the use of the necessary hormonal therapy.
{"title":"Hormonal therapy in women, thromboembolic complications and laboratory characteristics of the hemostasis system for personalized solutions","authors":"O. N. Startseva, T. V. Vavilova, N. N. Zybina","doi":"10.18705/2782-3806-2023-3-4-52-58","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18705/2782-3806-2023-3-4-52-58","url":null,"abstract":"The use of hormonal drugs for contraception and menopausal replacement therapy is widespread throughout the world. However, the use of these drugs is associated with an increased risk of thromboembolic complications (TEO). At present, it has been established that the most important cause of feasibility study is the initial, sometimes hidden, violations of the hemostasis system, predisposing to increased blood clotting and thrombosis. Their timely identification helps to personalize the use of the necessary hormonal therapy.","PeriodicalId":499018,"journal":{"name":"Russian Journal for Personalized Medicine","volume":"25 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136237155","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-09-21DOI: 10.18705/2782-3806-2023-3-4-88-95
S. I. Parkhomenko, T. D. Glebovskaya, K. N. Malikov, D. D. Zubarev, D. V. Alekseeva, M. A. Simakova
Pulmonary embolism (PE) associated with malignant neoplasms is a frequent complication of the oncological process and leads to a decrease in survival and quality of life of these patients. In some cases, pulmonary embolism can become the debut of a current active oncological disease, which requires increased cancer alertness in patients with PE without clear predisposing factors, especially in cancer risk groups. The article demonstrates a clinical case of an individualized approach to choosing an interventional strategy in a comorbid patient with high-risk PE. The tactics of active oncological screening made it possible to confirm a pulmonary embolism against the background of current prostate cancer.
{"title":"Clinical case of catheter-directed thrombolysis in cancer associated pulmonary embolism","authors":"S. I. Parkhomenko, T. D. Glebovskaya, K. N. Malikov, D. D. Zubarev, D. V. Alekseeva, M. A. Simakova","doi":"10.18705/2782-3806-2023-3-4-88-95","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18705/2782-3806-2023-3-4-88-95","url":null,"abstract":"Pulmonary embolism (PE) associated with malignant neoplasms is a frequent complication of the oncological process and leads to a decrease in survival and quality of life of these patients. In some cases, pulmonary embolism can become the debut of a current active oncological disease, which requires increased cancer alertness in patients with PE without clear predisposing factors, especially in cancer risk groups. The article demonstrates a clinical case of an individualized approach to choosing an interventional strategy in a comorbid patient with high-risk PE. The tactics of active oncological screening made it possible to confirm a pulmonary embolism against the background of current prostate cancer.","PeriodicalId":499018,"journal":{"name":"Russian Journal for Personalized Medicine","volume":"22 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136237156","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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