Pub Date : 2024-11-01Epub Date: 2024-08-16DOI: 10.1016/S1473-3099(24)00413-4
Eulambius M Mlugu, Arjen M Dondorp, Karen I Barnes
{"title":"Resistant malaria parasites gaining momentum in Africa.","authors":"Eulambius M Mlugu, Arjen M Dondorp, Karen I Barnes","doi":"10.1016/S1473-3099(24)00413-4","DOIUrl":"10.1016/S1473-3099(24)00413-4","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":49923,"journal":{"name":"Lancet Infectious Diseases","volume":" ","pages":"1181-1182"},"PeriodicalIF":36.4,"publicationDate":"2024-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142005632","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-11-01Epub Date: 2024-09-10DOI: 10.1016/S1473-3099(24)00585-1
Mairead G Whelan, Harriet Ware, Himanshu Ranka, Sean Kenny, Sabah Shaikh, Yannik Roell, Shaila Akter, Anabel Selemon, Emilie Toews, May Chu, Niklas Bobrovitz, Rahul K Arora, Thomas Jaenisch
{"title":"ArboTracker: a multipathogen dashboard and data platform for arbovirus seroprevalence studies.","authors":"Mairead G Whelan, Harriet Ware, Himanshu Ranka, Sean Kenny, Sabah Shaikh, Yannik Roell, Shaila Akter, Anabel Selemon, Emilie Toews, May Chu, Niklas Bobrovitz, Rahul K Arora, Thomas Jaenisch","doi":"10.1016/S1473-3099(24)00585-1","DOIUrl":"10.1016/S1473-3099(24)00585-1","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":49923,"journal":{"name":"Lancet Infectious Diseases","volume":" ","pages":"e670-e671"},"PeriodicalIF":36.4,"publicationDate":"2024-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142299639","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-11-01Epub Date: 2024-09-09DOI: 10.1016/S1473-3099(24)00571-1
Athina Samara, Conrado Milani Coutinho, Philip Veal, Jane Osborne, Geraldo Duarte, Shamez Ladhani, Asma Khalil
{"title":"Potential vertical transmission of Oropouche virus during the current outbreak.","authors":"Athina Samara, Conrado Milani Coutinho, Philip Veal, Jane Osborne, Geraldo Duarte, Shamez Ladhani, Asma Khalil","doi":"10.1016/S1473-3099(24)00571-1","DOIUrl":"10.1016/S1473-3099(24)00571-1","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":49923,"journal":{"name":"Lancet Infectious Diseases","volume":" ","pages":"e668-e669"},"PeriodicalIF":36.4,"publicationDate":"2024-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142299649","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-11-01Epub Date: 2024-09-20DOI: 10.1016/S1473-3099(24)00607-8
Joseph D Tucker
{"title":"Financing infectious disease services in hospitals: a common public good.","authors":"Joseph D Tucker","doi":"10.1016/S1473-3099(24)00607-8","DOIUrl":"10.1016/S1473-3099(24)00607-8","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":49923,"journal":{"name":"Lancet Infectious Diseases","volume":" ","pages":"e677"},"PeriodicalIF":36.4,"publicationDate":"2024-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142308942","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-11-01Epub Date: 2024-07-25DOI: 10.1016/S1473-3099(24)00428-6
Saskia Bronder, Martina Sester
{"title":"A promising boost for the Rift Valley fever vaccine pipeline.","authors":"Saskia Bronder, Martina Sester","doi":"10.1016/S1473-3099(24)00428-6","DOIUrl":"10.1016/S1473-3099(24)00428-6","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":49923,"journal":{"name":"Lancet Infectious Diseases","volume":" ","pages":"1184-1185"},"PeriodicalIF":36.4,"publicationDate":"2024-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141789571","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-11-01Epub Date: 2024-08-01DOI: 10.1016/S1473-3099(24)00451-1
Rosanne Sprute, Oliver A Cornely
{"title":"Lessons learnt from conducting a randomised clinical trial in eumycetoma.","authors":"Rosanne Sprute, Oliver A Cornely","doi":"10.1016/S1473-3099(24)00451-1","DOIUrl":"10.1016/S1473-3099(24)00451-1","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":49923,"journal":{"name":"Lancet Infectious Diseases","volume":" ","pages":"1186-1187"},"PeriodicalIF":36.4,"publicationDate":"2024-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141890721","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-10-29DOI: 10.1016/s1473-3099(24)00586-3
Rebecca E Colman, Marva Seifert, Andres De la Rossa, Sophia B Georghiou, Christine Hoogland, Swapna Uplekar, Sacha Laurent, Camilla Rodrigues, Priti Kambli, Nestani Tukvadze, Nino Maghradze, Shaheed V Omar, Lavania Joseph, Anita Suresh, Timothy C Rodwell
Background
Drug-resistant tuberculosis remains a major obstacle in ending the global tuberculosis epidemic. Deployment of molecular tools for comprehensive drug resistance profiling is imperative for successful detection and characterisation of tuberculosis drug resistance. We aimed to assess the diagnostic accuracy of a new class of molecular diagnostics for drug-resistant tuberculosis.
Methods
We conducted a prospective, cross-sectional, multicentre clinical evaluation of the performance of two targeted next-generation sequencing (tNGS) assays for drug-resistant tuberculosis at reference laboratories in three countries (Georgia, India, and South Africa) to assess diagnostic accuracy and index test failure rates. Eligible participants were aged 18 years or older, with molecularly confirmed pulmonary tuberculosis, and at risk for rifampicin-resistant tuberculosis. Sensitivity and specificity for both tNGS index tests (GenoScreen Deeplex Myc-TB and Oxford Nanopore Technologies [ONT] Tuberculosis Drug Resistance Test) were calculated for rifampicin, isoniazid, fluoroquinolones (moxifloxacin, levofloxacin), second line-injectables (amikacin, kanamycin, capreomycin), pyrazinamide, bedaquiline, linezolid, clofazimine, ethambutol, and streptomycin against a composite reference standard of phenotypic drug susceptibility testing and whole-genome sequencing.
Findings
Between April 1, 2021, and June 30, 2022, 832 individuals were invited to participate in the study, of whom 720 were included in the final analysis (212, 376, and 132 participants in Georgia, India, and South Africa, respectively). Of 720 clinical sediment samples evaluated, 658 (91%) and 684 (95%) produced complete or partial results on the GenoScreen and ONT tNGS workflows, respectively, with 593 (96%) and 603 (98%) of 616 smear-positive samples producing tNGS sequence data. Both workflows had sensitivities and specificities of more than 95% for rifampicin and isoniazid, and high accuracy for fluoroquinolones (sensitivity approximately ≥94%) and second line-injectables (sensitivity 80%) compared with the composite reference standard. Importantly, these assays also detected mutations associated with resistance to critical new and repurposed drugs (bedaquiline, linezolid) not currently detectable by any other WHO-recommended rapid diagnostics on the market. We note that the current format of assays have low sensitivity (≤50%) for linezolid and more work on mutations associated with drug resistance is needed.
Interpretation
This multicentre evaluation demonstrates that culture-free tNGS can provide accurate sequencing results for detection and characterisation of drug resistance from Mycobacterium tuberculosis clinical sediment samples for timely, comprehensive profiling of drug-resistant tuberculosis.
{"title":"Evaluating culture-free targeted next-generation sequencing for diagnosing drug-resistant tuberculosis: a multicentre clinical study of two end-to-end commercial workflows","authors":"Rebecca E Colman, Marva Seifert, Andres De la Rossa, Sophia B Georghiou, Christine Hoogland, Swapna Uplekar, Sacha Laurent, Camilla Rodrigues, Priti Kambli, Nestani Tukvadze, Nino Maghradze, Shaheed V Omar, Lavania Joseph, Anita Suresh, Timothy C Rodwell","doi":"10.1016/s1473-3099(24)00586-3","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/s1473-3099(24)00586-3","url":null,"abstract":"<h3>Background</h3>Drug-resistant tuberculosis remains a major obstacle in ending the global tuberculosis epidemic. Deployment of molecular tools for comprehensive drug resistance profiling is imperative for successful detection and characterisation of tuberculosis drug resistance. We aimed to assess the diagnostic accuracy of a new class of molecular diagnostics for drug-resistant tuberculosis.<h3>Methods</h3>We conducted a prospective, cross-sectional, multicentre clinical evaluation of the performance of two targeted next-generation sequencing (tNGS) assays for drug-resistant tuberculosis at reference laboratories in three countries (Georgia, India, and South Africa) to assess diagnostic accuracy and index test failure rates. Eligible participants were aged 18 years or older, with molecularly confirmed pulmonary tuberculosis, and at risk for rifampicin-resistant tuberculosis. Sensitivity and specificity for both tNGS index tests (GenoScreen Deeplex Myc-TB and Oxford Nanopore Technologies [ONT] Tuberculosis Drug Resistance Test) were calculated for rifampicin, isoniazid, fluoroquinolones (moxifloxacin, levofloxacin), second line-injectables (amikacin, kanamycin, capreomycin), pyrazinamide, bedaquiline, linezolid, clofazimine, ethambutol, and streptomycin against a composite reference standard of phenotypic drug susceptibility testing and whole-genome sequencing.<h3>Findings</h3>Between April 1, 2021, and June 30, 2022, 832 individuals were invited to participate in the study, of whom 720 were included in the final analysis (212, 376, and 132 participants in Georgia, India, and South Africa, respectively). Of 720 clinical sediment samples evaluated, 658 (91%) and 684 (95%) produced complete or partial results on the GenoScreen and ONT tNGS workflows, respectively, with 593 (96%) and 603 (98%) of 616 smear-positive samples producing tNGS sequence data. Both workflows had sensitivities and specificities of more than 95% for rifampicin and isoniazid, and high accuracy for fluoroquinolones (sensitivity approximately ≥94%) and second line-injectables (sensitivity 80%) compared with the composite reference standard. Importantly, these assays also detected mutations associated with resistance to critical new and repurposed drugs (bedaquiline, linezolid) not currently detectable by any other WHO-recommended rapid diagnostics on the market. We note that the current format of assays have low sensitivity (≤50%) for linezolid and more work on mutations associated with drug resistance is needed.<h3>Interpretation</h3>This multicentre evaluation demonstrates that culture-free tNGS can provide accurate sequencing results for detection and characterisation of drug resistance from <em>Mycobacterium tuberculosis</em> clinical sediment samples for timely, comprehensive profiling of drug-resistant tuberculosis.<h3>Funding</h3>Unitaid.","PeriodicalId":49923,"journal":{"name":"Lancet Infectious Diseases","volume":"35 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":56.3,"publicationDate":"2024-10-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142541695","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-10-28DOI: 10.1016/s1473-3099(24)00595-4
Nathan C Lo, David G Addiss, Dora Buonfrate, Arancha Amor, Melaku Anegagrie, Zeno Bisoffi, Richard S Bradbury, Jennifer Keiser, Stella Kepha, Virak Khieu, Alejandro Krolewiecki, Jean B Mbonigaba, Jose Muñoz, Francisca Mutapi, Valdemiro Novela, Susana Vaz Nery, Luc E Coffeng, Sake J de Vlas, Jessica Bartoszko, Lorenzo Moja, Antonio Montresor
Strongyloidiasis is a soil-transmitted helminthiasis that is estimated to affect 300–600 million people across Asia, Africa, South and central America, and the Pacific. This neglected parasitic disease is most known for its ability to persist as a lifelong infection due to autoinfection and its risk of hyperinfection and disseminated disease during immunosuppression, which has a more than 60% case fatality. Despite the large global burden of strongyloidiasis, there have been no large-scale public health programmes or WHO guidelines directed towards its control and elimination. However, over the past decade, key scientific and policy changes along with requests from endemic countries have led to WHO incorporating strongyloidiasis into its 2021–30 roadmap and public health targets for control and elimination of neglected tropical diseases. In 2024, WHO published its first guideline on public health control of strongyloidiasis with a single recommendation: in endemic settings with a Strongyloides stercoralis infection prevalence of 5% or higher (measured either with Baermann or agar plate culture from stool specimens), WHO conditionally recommends mass drug administration with single-dose ivermectin (200 μg/kg; oral therapy) in all age groups from 5 years and older to reduce strongyloidiasis. This Review, written by the 2023–24 strongyloidiasis guidelines development group along with WHO colleagues and international experts, presents a summary of the recently published WHO guideline recommendation for strongyloidiasis, and the supporting evidence, considerations for public health implementation, and future research needs.
{"title":"Review of the WHO guideline on preventive chemotherapy for public health control of strongyloidiasis","authors":"Nathan C Lo, David G Addiss, Dora Buonfrate, Arancha Amor, Melaku Anegagrie, Zeno Bisoffi, Richard S Bradbury, Jennifer Keiser, Stella Kepha, Virak Khieu, Alejandro Krolewiecki, Jean B Mbonigaba, Jose Muñoz, Francisca Mutapi, Valdemiro Novela, Susana Vaz Nery, Luc E Coffeng, Sake J de Vlas, Jessica Bartoszko, Lorenzo Moja, Antonio Montresor","doi":"10.1016/s1473-3099(24)00595-4","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/s1473-3099(24)00595-4","url":null,"abstract":"Strongyloidiasis is a soil-transmitted helminthiasis that is estimated to affect 300–600 million people across Asia, Africa, South and central America, and the Pacific. This neglected parasitic disease is most known for its ability to persist as a lifelong infection due to autoinfection and its risk of hyperinfection and disseminated disease during immunosuppression, which has a more than 60% case fatality. Despite the large global burden of strongyloidiasis, there have been no large-scale public health programmes or WHO guidelines directed towards its control and elimination. However, over the past decade, key scientific and policy changes along with requests from endemic countries have led to WHO incorporating strongyloidiasis into its 2021–30 roadmap and public health targets for control and elimination of neglected tropical diseases. In 2024, WHO published its first guideline on public health control of strongyloidiasis with a single recommendation: in endemic settings with a <em>Strongyloides stercoralis</em> infection prevalence of 5% or higher (measured either with Baermann or agar plate culture from stool specimens), WHO conditionally recommends mass drug administration with single-dose ivermectin (200 μg/kg; oral therapy) in all age groups from 5 years and older to reduce strongyloidiasis. This Review, written by the 2023–24 strongyloidiasis guidelines development group along with WHO colleagues and international experts, presents a summary of the recently published WHO guideline recommendation for strongyloidiasis, and the supporting evidence, considerations for public health implementation, and future research needs.","PeriodicalId":49923,"journal":{"name":"Lancet Infectious Diseases","volume":"111 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":56.3,"publicationDate":"2024-10-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142520019","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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