Pub Date : 2016-02-22DOI: 10.1515/labmed-2015-0109
M. Diller, M. Fleck
Abstract The detection of autoantibodies is well established in daily clinical practice for evaluation of systemic autoimmune diseases like rheumatoid arthritis (RA), connective tissue diseases and vasculitides. Rheumatoid factor (RF) or the anti-citrullinated protein antibody (ACPA) is only observed in approximately 80% of patients suffering from rheumatoid arthritis. Anti-CarP autoantibodies might serve as a novel marker, filling this gap. The detection of anti-nuclear antibody (ANA) facilitates the diagnosis of connective tissue diseases. Elevated levels of anti-centromer antibodies, anti-topoisomerase I [anti-Scl-70] antibodies and the anti-RNA polymerase III antibodies, which belong to the group of ANA, are frequently present in the serum of patients suffering from systemic sclerosis and are therefore incorporated into the new classification criteria. To establish the diagnosis of an antiphospholipid syndrome, the detection of the lupus anticoagulant and the aCL-/anti-β2GPI-antibodies of IgG, IgM and IgA isotypes plays a pivotal role. The anti-neutrophil cytoplasmic antibodies (ANCAs) are associated with vasculitides of small vessels. Screening with immunofluorescence testing (IFT) is established as the first step followed by additional immunoassays specific for proteinase 3 (PR3) and myeloperoxidase (MPO) autoantibodies. Novel bedside test procedures for these antibodies allow an early diagnosis in critically ill patients. New biomarkers for polymyalgia rheumatic and for spondyloarthritides are also described, but their clinical relevance remains uncertain and necessitates further studies.
{"title":"Laboratory testing for systemic autoimmune diseases","authors":"M. Diller, M. Fleck","doi":"10.1515/labmed-2015-0109","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/labmed-2015-0109","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract The detection of autoantibodies is well established in daily clinical practice for evaluation of systemic autoimmune diseases like rheumatoid arthritis (RA), connective tissue diseases and vasculitides. Rheumatoid factor (RF) or the anti-citrullinated protein antibody (ACPA) is only observed in approximately 80% of patients suffering from rheumatoid arthritis. Anti-CarP autoantibodies might serve as a novel marker, filling this gap. The detection of anti-nuclear antibody (ANA) facilitates the diagnosis of connective tissue diseases. Elevated levels of anti-centromer antibodies, anti-topoisomerase I [anti-Scl-70] antibodies and the anti-RNA polymerase III antibodies, which belong to the group of ANA, are frequently present in the serum of patients suffering from systemic sclerosis and are therefore incorporated into the new classification criteria. To establish the diagnosis of an antiphospholipid syndrome, the detection of the lupus anticoagulant and the aCL-/anti-β2GPI-antibodies of IgG, IgM and IgA isotypes plays a pivotal role. The anti-neutrophil cytoplasmic antibodies (ANCAs) are associated with vasculitides of small vessels. Screening with immunofluorescence testing (IFT) is established as the first step followed by additional immunoassays specific for proteinase 3 (PR3) and myeloperoxidase (MPO) autoantibodies. Novel bedside test procedures for these antibodies allow an early diagnosis in critically ill patients. New biomarkers for polymyalgia rheumatic and for spondyloarthritides are also described, but their clinical relevance remains uncertain and necessitates further studies.","PeriodicalId":49926,"journal":{"name":"Laboratoriumsmedizin-Journal of Laboratory Medicine","volume":"46 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-02-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"79744190","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2016-02-01DOI: 10.1515/labmed-2015-0093
K. Rieger, Mandy Vogel, C. Engel, U. Ceglarek, J. Thiery, J. Kratzsch, K. Harms, Fabian Glock, A. Hiemisch, W. Kiess
Zusammenfassung Einleitung: Es werden pädiatrische Referenzintervalle zu eisenabhängigen Parametern kontinuierlich über das Alter unter Anwendung des, in der Laboratoriumsmedizin noch wenig bekannten, R-Pakets GAMLSS aus einer hoch standardisierten Probenpopulation ermittelt. Methoden: 2778 Blutproben von LIFE Child-Probanden im Alter von 2,5 bis 19 Jahren wurden mittels Sysmex XN-9000 für Hämoglobin und Retikulozyten, sowie mittels Roche cobas 8000 für Transferrin und Ferritin analysiert. Die Schätzung der Referenzintervalle erfolgte durch wiederholte Modellberechnungen unter Anwendung der LMS-Methode nach Cole mit spezifisch gewichteten Teilstichproben. Ergebnisse: Es wurden kontinuierliche und geschlechtsspezifische Referenzintervalle sowie geglättete Perzentilenkurven für Hämoglobin, Ferritin, Retikulozyten und Transferrin erstellt. Dabei konnten aufgrund der wiederholten Modellberechnungen Einzelkurven und durch Mittelung zusammengefasste Perzentilenkurven erstellt werden. Die Einzelkurven gaben einen Überblick über potentielle Schwankungen der einzelnen Parameterverläufe. Die gemittelten Kurven ermöglichten eine stabile Kurvenverlaufsbeurteilung der eisenabhängigen Parameter im Kindes- und Jugendalter. Schlussfolgerungen: Hiermit stehen erstmals mit dem GAMLSS-R-Paket und für die hier verwendeten Gerätetechniken eruierte aktuelle alters- und geschlechtsspezifische Referenzintervalle zur Verfügung. Verglichen zu bisherigen Studien können frühere Ergebnisse vervollständigt und Diskrepanzen, abhängig vom unterschiedlichen methodischen Vorgehen, verdeutlicht werden. Relevante Erkenntnisse für die Diagnostik der Eisenmangelanämie, wie eine geschlechtsabhängige Beurteilung des Hämoglobins ab dem 11. Lebensjahr statt wie bisher ab 15 Jahren (nach WHO), werden dargestellt.
{"title":"Referenzintervalle für eisenabhängige Blutparameter bei Kindern und Jugendlichen: Ergebnisse einer populationsgestützten Kohortenstudie (LIFE Child)","authors":"K. Rieger, Mandy Vogel, C. Engel, U. Ceglarek, J. Thiery, J. Kratzsch, K. Harms, Fabian Glock, A. Hiemisch, W. Kiess","doi":"10.1515/labmed-2015-0093","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/labmed-2015-0093","url":null,"abstract":"Zusammenfassung Einleitung: Es werden pädiatrische Referenzintervalle zu eisenabhängigen Parametern kontinuierlich über das Alter unter Anwendung des, in der Laboratoriumsmedizin noch wenig bekannten, R-Pakets GAMLSS aus einer hoch standardisierten Probenpopulation ermittelt. Methoden: 2778 Blutproben von LIFE Child-Probanden im Alter von 2,5 bis 19 Jahren wurden mittels Sysmex XN-9000 für Hämoglobin und Retikulozyten, sowie mittels Roche cobas 8000 für Transferrin und Ferritin analysiert. Die Schätzung der Referenzintervalle erfolgte durch wiederholte Modellberechnungen unter Anwendung der LMS-Methode nach Cole mit spezifisch gewichteten Teilstichproben. Ergebnisse: Es wurden kontinuierliche und geschlechtsspezifische Referenzintervalle sowie geglättete Perzentilenkurven für Hämoglobin, Ferritin, Retikulozyten und Transferrin erstellt. Dabei konnten aufgrund der wiederholten Modellberechnungen Einzelkurven und durch Mittelung zusammengefasste Perzentilenkurven erstellt werden. Die Einzelkurven gaben einen Überblick über potentielle Schwankungen der einzelnen Parameterverläufe. Die gemittelten Kurven ermöglichten eine stabile Kurvenverlaufsbeurteilung der eisenabhängigen Parameter im Kindes- und Jugendalter. Schlussfolgerungen: Hiermit stehen erstmals mit dem GAMLSS-R-Paket und für die hier verwendeten Gerätetechniken eruierte aktuelle alters- und geschlechtsspezifische Referenzintervalle zur Verfügung. Verglichen zu bisherigen Studien können frühere Ergebnisse vervollständigt und Diskrepanzen, abhängig vom unterschiedlichen methodischen Vorgehen, verdeutlicht werden. Relevante Erkenntnisse für die Diagnostik der Eisenmangelanämie, wie eine geschlechtsabhängige Beurteilung des Hämoglobins ab dem 11. Lebensjahr statt wie bisher ab 15 Jahren (nach WHO), werden dargestellt.","PeriodicalId":49926,"journal":{"name":"Laboratoriumsmedizin-Journal of Laboratory Medicine","volume":"52 1","pages":"31 - 41"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90065633","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2016-02-01DOI: 10.1515/labmed-2015-0077
D. Führer
Zusammenfassung: In dieser Übersicht werden Studien und evidenzbasierte Behandlungsempfehlungen zu Schilddrüsenerkrankungen zusammengefasst. Im Einzelnen handelt es sich um Diagnostik und Therapie des Morbus Basedow einschließlich der endokrinen Orbitopathie, die laborchemische und klinische Definition einer hypothyreoten Stoffwechsellage und Besonderheiten der Hypothyreosetherapie, sowie um Neuerungen zur Risikoeinschätzung bei Schilddrüsenknoten und zur Behandlung von Schilddrüsenkarzinomen.
{"title":"Schilddrüsenerkrankungen: Diagnostik und Therapiekontrolle 2015","authors":"D. Führer","doi":"10.1515/labmed-2015-0077","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/labmed-2015-0077","url":null,"abstract":"Zusammenfassung: In dieser Übersicht werden Studien und evidenzbasierte Behandlungsempfehlungen zu Schilddrüsenerkrankungen zusammengefasst. Im Einzelnen handelt es sich um Diagnostik und Therapie des Morbus Basedow einschließlich der endokrinen Orbitopathie, die laborchemische und klinische Definition einer hypothyreoten Stoffwechsellage und Besonderheiten der Hypothyreosetherapie, sowie um Neuerungen zur Risikoeinschätzung bei Schilddrüsenknoten und zur Behandlung von Schilddrüsenkarzinomen.","PeriodicalId":49926,"journal":{"name":"Laboratoriumsmedizin-Journal of Laboratory Medicine","volume":"18 1","pages":"20 - 9"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"91259198","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2016-01-28DOI: 10.1515/labmed-2016-0037
P. Späth, D. Hoffmann, F. Spitzenberger
Abstract To date more than 400 medical laboratories in Germany are accredited based on DIN EN ISO 15189 (Medical laboratories – requirements for quality and competence). In Germany, a new version of the DIN EN ISO 15189 has been published in 2014. This standard includes overall criteria but no requirements specific for certain disciplines of laboratory medicine. The present study examined how technical requirements, mainly for quality assurance and analytic methods, influence the correctness of results in clinical virology. Experts from laboratories, industry, DAkkS (German Accreditation Body) and from standardization have been interviewed. The qualitative content analysis showed that fulfilling technical requirements increased the correctness of examination results and minimized the risks for patient care and safety. Furthermore, we studied how effective internal quality controls, assay-controls as well as additional controls, assure HIV-p24-antigen and anti-HBs results. Additional controls recommended by DIN EN ISO 15189 (so called “run controls”) clearly indicated inaccuracies of HIV antigen measurement that were undetected by manufacturer’s controls. Also for anti-HBs examination, such internal controls provided by the manufacturer did not guarantee correct results. Therefore, we conclude that fulfilling DIN EN ISO 15189, usually confirmed by accreditation, has a positive influence on correctness of results in clinical virology, ultimately improving patient care.
迄今为止，德国有400多家医学实验室通过了DIN EN ISO 15189(医学实验室-质量和能力要求)的认证。2014年，德国发布了新版DIN EN ISO 15189标准。本标准包括总体标准，但不包括检验医学某些学科的具体要求。本研究考察了技术要求，主要是质量保证和分析方法，如何影响临床病毒学结果的正确性。来自实验室，工业，DAkkS(德国认证机构)和标准化的专家进行了采访。定性内容分析表明，满足技术要求提高了检查结果的正确性，最大限度地降低了患者护理和安全的风险。此外，我们研究了有效的内部质量控制、测定控制以及附加控制如何确保hiv -p24抗原和抗hbs结果。DIN EN ISO 15189推荐的其他控制(所谓的“运行控制”)清楚地表明HIV抗原测量的不准确性，这些不准确性是制造商控制无法检测到的。同样，对于抗hbs检查，制造商提供的这种内部控制并不能保证正确的结果。因此，我们得出结论，通常通过认证确认的DIN EN ISO 15189对临床病毒学结果的正确性有积极影响，最终改善患者护理。
{"title":"Influence of DIN EN ISO 15189 on the correctness of results in clinical virology","authors":"P. Späth, D. Hoffmann, F. Spitzenberger","doi":"10.1515/labmed-2016-0037","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/labmed-2016-0037","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract To date more than 400 medical laboratories in Germany are accredited based on DIN EN ISO 15189 (Medical laboratories – requirements for quality and competence). In Germany, a new version of the DIN EN ISO 15189 has been published in 2014. This standard includes overall criteria but no requirements specific for certain disciplines of laboratory medicine. The present study examined how technical requirements, mainly for quality assurance and analytic methods, influence the correctness of results in clinical virology. Experts from laboratories, industry, DAkkS (German Accreditation Body) and from standardization have been interviewed. The qualitative content analysis showed that fulfilling technical requirements increased the correctness of examination results and minimized the risks for patient care and safety. Furthermore, we studied how effective internal quality controls, assay-controls as well as additional controls, assure HIV-p24-antigen and anti-HBs results. Additional controls recommended by DIN EN ISO 15189 (so called “run controls”) clearly indicated inaccuracies of HIV antigen measurement that were undetected by manufacturer’s controls. Also for anti-HBs examination, such internal controls provided by the manufacturer did not guarantee correct results. Therefore, we conclude that fulfilling DIN EN ISO 15189, usually confirmed by accreditation, has a positive influence on correctness of results in clinical virology, ultimately improving patient care.","PeriodicalId":49926,"journal":{"name":"Laboratoriumsmedizin-Journal of Laboratory Medicine","volume":"42 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-01-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"84748628","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2016-01-26DOI: 10.1515/labmed-2016-0017
J. Hastka, G. Metzgeroth
Abstract Anemia is defined as a decrease in the hemoglobin concentration below the age- and sex-specific lower limit, established by WHO as 130 g/L in men and 120 g/L in women. In principle, there are many differential diagnoses which must be considered. The diagnostic evaluation furthermore is complicated by the fact that anemias are often multicausal. A rational evaluation of anemia should always take into account the epidemiological data and also the individual patient’s history. The classification according to the size and the hemoglobin content of the red blood cells based on the erythrocyte indices still plays a central diagnostic role. The worldwide most important cause of a hypochromic-microcytic anemia is iron deficiency. Anemia of chronic disease (ACD) and thalassemia are to be considered as differential diagnoses. Disorders of vitamin B12 and folic acid metabolism are clinically the most important causes of hyperchromic-macrocytic anemia. The normochromic-normocytic group includes most forms of anemias. In these cases one should not try to cover all possible causes by a fully comprehensive laboratory panel within the first blood sample already. It is more appropriate to proceed step-by-step to evaluate the most frequent and clinically most important reasons first. This especially applies to geriatric and multimorbid patients where the diagnostic effort must be adjusted to the individual needs and prognosis of the patient, not only from economical but also from ethical reasons. In unexplained anemias, consultation of a hematologist should be considered. In case of doubt, bone marrow biopsy is required to precisely evaluate the hematopoiesis and to exclude a hematological disorder.
{"title":"Rational diagnostic work-up of anemia","authors":"J. Hastka, G. Metzgeroth","doi":"10.1515/labmed-2016-0017","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/labmed-2016-0017","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Anemia is defined as a decrease in the hemoglobin concentration below the age- and sex-specific lower limit, established by WHO as 130 g/L in men and 120 g/L in women. In principle, there are many differential diagnoses which must be considered. The diagnostic evaluation furthermore is complicated by the fact that anemias are often multicausal. A rational evaluation of anemia should always take into account the epidemiological data and also the individual patient’s history. The classification according to the size and the hemoglobin content of the red blood cells based on the erythrocyte indices still plays a central diagnostic role. The worldwide most important cause of a hypochromic-microcytic anemia is iron deficiency. Anemia of chronic disease (ACD) and thalassemia are to be considered as differential diagnoses. Disorders of vitamin B12 and folic acid metabolism are clinically the most important causes of hyperchromic-macrocytic anemia. The normochromic-normocytic group includes most forms of anemias. In these cases one should not try to cover all possible causes by a fully comprehensive laboratory panel within the first blood sample already. It is more appropriate to proceed step-by-step to evaluate the most frequent and clinically most important reasons first. This especially applies to geriatric and multimorbid patients where the diagnostic effort must be adjusted to the individual needs and prognosis of the patient, not only from economical but also from ethical reasons. In unexplained anemias, consultation of a hematologist should be considered. In case of doubt, bone marrow biopsy is required to precisely evaluate the hematopoiesis and to exclude a hematological disorder.","PeriodicalId":49926,"journal":{"name":"Laboratoriumsmedizin-Journal of Laboratory Medicine","volume":"58 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-01-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"80703745","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2016-01-23DOI: 10.1515/labmed-2016-0028
D. Führer
Abstract This review summarizes recent studies and evidence-based recommendations on management of thyroid disorders, including Graves’ disease and Graves’ orbitopathy, laboratory and clinical issues on hypothyroidism and its treatment, risk assessment of thyroid nodules and novel concepts for risk adapted management of thyroid cancer.
{"title":"Thyroid disorders: diagnosis and therapeutic approaches 2015","authors":"D. Führer","doi":"10.1515/labmed-2016-0028","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/labmed-2016-0028","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract This review summarizes recent studies and evidence-based recommendations on management of thyroid disorders, including Graves’ disease and Graves’ orbitopathy, laboratory and clinical issues on hypothyroidism and its treatment, risk assessment of thyroid nodules and novel concepts for risk adapted management of thyroid cancer.","PeriodicalId":49926,"journal":{"name":"Laboratoriumsmedizin-Journal of Laboratory Medicine","volume":"57 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-01-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85333271","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2016-01-22DOI: 10.1515/labmed-2015-0104
Georg F. Hoffmann, R. Lichtinghagen, W. Wosniok
Abstract: According to the recommendations of the IFCC and other organizations, medical laboratories should establish or at least adapt their own reference intervals, to make sure that they reflect the peculiar characteristics of the respective methods and patient collectives. In practice, however, this postulate is hard to fulfill. Therefore, two task forces of the DGKL (“AG Richtwerte” and “AG Bioinformatik”) have developed methods for the estimation of reference intervals from routine laboratory data. Here we describe a visual procedure, which can be performed on an Excel sheet without any programming knowledge. Patient values are plotted against the quantiles of the standard normal distribution (so-called QQ plot) using the NORM. INV function of Excel. If the examined population contains mainly non-diseased persons with approximately normally distributed values, the respective dots form a straight line. Very often the values are rather lognormally distributed; in this case the straight line can be detected after logarithmic transformation of the original values. Values, which do not match with the assumed theoretical distribution, deviate from the linear shape and can easily be identified and eliminated. Using the reduced data set, the mean value and standard deviation are calculated and the reference interval (μ±2σ) is estimated. The method yields plausible results with simulated and real data. With the increasing number of results, which do not match with the model, it tends to underestimate the standard deviation. In all cases, where the QQ plot does not yield a substantial linear part, the proposed method is not applicable.
{"title":"Simple estimation of reference intervals from routine laboratory data","authors":"Georg F. Hoffmann, R. Lichtinghagen, W. Wosniok","doi":"10.1515/labmed-2015-0104","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/labmed-2015-0104","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract: According to the recommendations of the IFCC and other organizations, medical laboratories should establish or at least adapt their own reference intervals, to make sure that they reflect the peculiar characteristics of the respective methods and patient collectives. In practice, however, this postulate is hard to fulfill. Therefore, two task forces of the DGKL (“AG Richtwerte” and “AG Bioinformatik”) have developed methods for the estimation of reference intervals from routine laboratory data. Here we describe a visual procedure, which can be performed on an Excel sheet without any programming knowledge. Patient values are plotted against the quantiles of the standard normal distribution (so-called QQ plot) using the NORM. INV function of Excel. If the examined population contains mainly non-diseased persons with approximately normally distributed values, the respective dots form a straight line. Very often the values are rather lognormally distributed; in this case the straight line can be detected after logarithmic transformation of the original values. Values, which do not match with the assumed theoretical distribution, deviate from the linear shape and can easily be identified and eliminated. Using the reduced data set, the mean value and standard deviation are calculated and the reference interval (μ±2σ) is estimated. The method yields plausible results with simulated and real data. With the increasing number of results, which do not match with the model, it tends to underestimate the standard deviation. In all cases, where the QQ plot does not yield a substantial linear part, the proposed method is not applicable.","PeriodicalId":49926,"journal":{"name":"Laboratoriumsmedizin-Journal of Laboratory Medicine","volume":"192 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-01-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"77630145","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2016-01-22DOI: 10.1515/LABMED-2015-0103
J. Cadamuro, G. Fiedler, Cornelia Mrazek, T. Felder, Hannes Oberkofler, U. Kipman, Elisabeth Haschke-Becher, H. Wiedemann
*Korrespondenz: Janne Cadamuro, Department of Laboratory, Medicine, Paracelsus Medical University, Müllner Hauptstr. 48, 5020 Salzburg, Austria, Tel.: +0662/4482-57263, Fax: +0662/4482-885, E-Mail: j.cadamuro@salk.at Georg Martin Fiedler: Center of Laboratory Medicine, Inselspital, University Hospital Bern, Bern, Switzerland Cornelia Mrazek, Thomas Klaus Felder, Hannes Oberkofler, Elisabeth Haschke-Becher und Helmut Wiedemann: Department of Laboratory Medicine, Paracelsus Medical University, Salzburg, Austria Ulrike Kipman: UT SPSS Statistics, Hallein, Austria Leserbrief/Letter to the Editor
*通讯:Janne Cadamuro，帕拉塞尔苏斯医科大学医学部，奥地利萨尔茨堡，485020，电话:+0662/4482-57263，传真:+0662/4482-885,E-Mail: j.cadamuro@salk.at Georg Martin Fiedler:瑞士伯尔尼大学附属医院Inselspital检验医学中心，Cornelia Mrazek, Thomas Klaus Felder, Hannes Oberkofler, Elisabeth Haschke-Becher和Helmut Wiedemann;Ulrike Kipman: UT SPSS Statistics, Hallein, Austria Leserbrief/致编辑的信
{"title":"Antwort auf A. von Meyer: Cadamuro et al. In-vitro Hämolyse verschiedener Blutabnahmesysteme sowie deren finanzielle Auswirkung","authors":"J. Cadamuro, G. Fiedler, Cornelia Mrazek, T. Felder, Hannes Oberkofler, U. Kipman, Elisabeth Haschke-Becher, H. Wiedemann","doi":"10.1515/LABMED-2015-0103","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/LABMED-2015-0103","url":null,"abstract":"*Korrespondenz: Janne Cadamuro, Department of Laboratory, Medicine, Paracelsus Medical University, Müllner Hauptstr. 48, 5020 Salzburg, Austria, Tel.: +0662/4482-57263, Fax: +0662/4482-885, E-Mail: j.cadamuro@salk.at Georg Martin Fiedler: Center of Laboratory Medicine, Inselspital, University Hospital Bern, Bern, Switzerland Cornelia Mrazek, Thomas Klaus Felder, Hannes Oberkofler, Elisabeth Haschke-Becher und Helmut Wiedemann: Department of Laboratory Medicine, Paracelsus Medical University, Salzburg, Austria Ulrike Kipman: UT SPSS Statistics, Hallein, Austria Leserbrief/Letter to the Editor","PeriodicalId":49926,"journal":{"name":"Laboratoriumsmedizin-Journal of Laboratory Medicine","volume":"2016 1","pages":"59 - 61"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-01-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86396674","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2016-01-20DOI: 10.1515/labmed-2015-0113
H. Diem, T. Nebe, P. Bettelheim
Abstract: The automated analysis of changes of white blood cells and their differential has become a high-throughput laboratory investigation done by hematology analyzers. The subsequent step of manual review of a stained blood film by light microscopy by an experienced investigator is laborious and expensive and has insufficient reimbursement. However, this is the decisive step and basis for very expensive specialized diagnostics like cytogenetics and molecular genetics. The strategy for a stepwise diagnostic procedure plays an important role at this stage. A new proposal is presented here.
{"title":"Stepwise diagnostic procedure for the analysis of pathological changes of leukocytes","authors":"H. Diem, T. Nebe, P. Bettelheim","doi":"10.1515/labmed-2015-0113","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/labmed-2015-0113","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract: The automated analysis of changes of white blood cells and their differential has become a high-throughput laboratory investigation done by hematology analyzers. The subsequent step of manual review of a stained blood film by light microscopy by an experienced investigator is laborious and expensive and has insufficient reimbursement. However, this is the decisive step and basis for very expensive specialized diagnostics like cytogenetics and molecular genetics. The strategy for a stepwise diagnostic procedure plays an important role at this stage. A new proposal is presented here.","PeriodicalId":49926,"journal":{"name":"Laboratoriumsmedizin-Journal of Laboratory Medicine","volume":"48 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-01-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"75371363","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2016-01-20DOI: 10.1515/labmed-2015-0111
S. Gruber, Philipp Werner, R. Germann, P. Fraunberger
Abstract: In 1985 interleukin 6 (IL-6) was first identified as a differentiation factor for B-cells (B-cell stimulatory factor 2) which caused B-cells to mature and produce antibodies. Numerous studies now demonstrate the pleiotropic character of IL-6, which has been shown to possess important functions in the immune system, the regulation of hematopoesis, inflammation and oncogenesis. In the central nervous system (CNS), IL-6 is involved in neurogenesis and the response of neurons and glia-cells to various injuries. CNS infections, cerebral ischaemia, CNS traumata or chronic inflammatory diseases with CNS manifestations such as neuro-lupus or neuro-sarcoidosis are associated with increased IL-6 levels in the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF). Thus, the use of IL-6 as a diagnostic and prognostic tool in these diseases is being investigated. In this review we aim to provide an overview of current studies and evaluate the diagnostic significance of CSF-IL-6.
{"title":"Diagnostic relevance of CSF interleukin-6","authors":"S. Gruber, Philipp Werner, R. Germann, P. Fraunberger","doi":"10.1515/labmed-2015-0111","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/labmed-2015-0111","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract: In 1985 interleukin 6 (IL-6) was first identified as a differentiation factor for B-cells (B-cell stimulatory factor 2) which caused B-cells to mature and produce antibodies. Numerous studies now demonstrate the pleiotropic character of IL-6, which has been shown to possess important functions in the immune system, the regulation of hematopoesis, inflammation and oncogenesis. In the central nervous system (CNS), IL-6 is involved in neurogenesis and the response of neurons and glia-cells to various injuries. CNS infections, cerebral ischaemia, CNS traumata or chronic inflammatory diseases with CNS manifestations such as neuro-lupus or neuro-sarcoidosis are associated with increased IL-6 levels in the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF). Thus, the use of IL-6 as a diagnostic and prognostic tool in these diseases is being investigated. In this review we aim to provide an overview of current studies and evaluate the diagnostic significance of CSF-IL-6.","PeriodicalId":49926,"journal":{"name":"Laboratoriumsmedizin-Journal of Laboratory Medicine","volume":"68 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-01-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"77151667","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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