Journal of Transcultural Nursing最新文献

Introduction: Asian Indians (AIs), the second largest immigrant population in the United States, are disproportionately affected by type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) at a lower age and body mass index (BMI). The purpose of this study was to examine the relationship between social determinants of health (SDOH) and the diagnosis of T2DM among AIs in New Jersey (NJ).

Methodology: This was a secondary data analysis of the Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System (BRFSS) in NJ from 2013 to 2017. Statistical analyses included descriptive and inferential statistics.

Results: Among 1,132 AIs, 16% had T2DM or prediabetes (PDM) and 69.2% were overweight or obese. The risk for T2DM was significantly associated with internet use, older age, having medical check-ups, and having a personal doctor (p ≤ .05).

Discussion: These findings inform culturally congruent care by underscoring the importance of weight management, earlier screening, and provider involvement in diabetes prevention strategies for AIs.

Introduction: Obesity is associated with an increased relative risk of COVID-19-related mortality. The interplay of culture and religion in the overweight/obesity context has been minimally examined. The purpose of this study was to examine the association between preventive health behaviors, sociodemographic factors, and obesity among religiously diverse adults in Israel.

Methods: Using a quantitative cross-sectional design, an online survey was distributed to diverse adults in Israel during the pandemic using social media, email, and snowball methods.

Results: Participants included 635 adults: 69.1% Jewish, 26.5% Muslim, and 4.4% "other." Jewish adults scored lower than others on perceived personal risk (p < .001), infection spread risk (p < .001), and preventive behaviors engagement (p < .005). Higher body mass index (BMI) predicted higher personal risk and higher likelihood of preventive behaviors engagement (p < .001).

Discussion: Results demonstrate the association between religion, health risk perceptions, and COVID-19-related health behaviors. Nurses should consider the influence of culture and religion on health practices and recommend relevant lifestyle modifications to reduce COVID-19 risks.

Introduction: The Vietnamese American (VA) population is projected to grow to 3.9 million by 2030. This demographic shift could affect health care cost as VAs have greater susceptibility for type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Few studies have explored diabetes self-management (DSM) among VAs. The aim of this study was to explore and describe how VAs with T2DM perceive diabetes and DSM practices.

Method: A focused ethnographic design, using semi-structured interviews and participant observation, was used to understand DSM among VAs.

Results: The following four themes emerged: (a) defining diabetes and its etiology, (b) body awareness as a way of managing diabetes, (c) maintaining strength after being diagnosed with diabetes, and (d) navigating sources of information regarding diabetes.

Discussion: The study findings suggest that DSM is a complex and recursive process, with integrations of cultural practices and influences from the environment. These findings can help the development of culturally tailored interventions to assist with DSM.

Background: Depression is one of the common psychological problems in patients on hemodialysis. We aimed to identify the predictors associated with depressive symptoms among patients on hemodialysis from a population under-represented in research and minoritized in countries like the United States.

Methods: This cross-sectional study used a convenience sample of patients in Oman. Data were analyzed using linear multiple regression.

Results: A total of 157 patients on hemodialysis participated in the study, with 40.5% reporting different levels of depressive symptoms. Higher stress levels (β = .643; p < .01) and higher perceived effectiveness of the fatalistic coping style (β = .144; p < .05) were significant predictors of depressive symptoms. Patients with a higher optimistic coping style (β = -.182; p < .01) had lower levels of depressive symptoms.

Conclusion: Arab Muslim hemodialysis patients have significant levels of depressive symptoms. Identifying predictors of depressive symptoms may help identify those at risk and provide culturally appropriate interventions.

Introduction: The development of cultural sensitivity is essential for health care professionals but there are few tools to measure this quality in Japan. The purpose of this study was to develop a scale of cultural sensitivity for Japanese health care professionals and examine its reliability and validity.

Method: A draft scale was created through conceptual analysis and a questionnaire was completed by 515 health care professionals and 1,322 college students. Exploratory and confirmatory factor analyses were used to determine suitable scale items and examine model fitness.

Results: The four-factor 18-item scale showed acceptable model fitness. Cronbach's α coefficient exceeded .90 and correlation coefficients for criterion-related validity were over .29. Construct validity was confirmed by the significantly higher score of the cross-culturally experienced groups. The intraclass correlation coefficient was .642 (professionals) and .722 (students).

Discussion: This reliable and valid scale for Japanese health professionals and college students may be used to evaluate training programs to increase their cultural sensitivity.

Introduction: This study aimed to determine the relationship between ablution ritual and foot knowledge, self-care behaviors, and the presence of diabetic foot ulcers in Muslims with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM).

Methodology: A descriptive, comparative method was utilized to identify ablution ritual and foot knowledge, self-care behaviors, and the presence of diabetic foot ulcers.

Results: There were 228 persons with T2DM, with 162 participants (71.1%) in the ablution group and 66 participants (28.9%) in the no-ablution group, with 19.7% having diabetic foot ulcers. Diabetic foot knowledge and foot self-care behaviors of persons with T2DM were below a medium level, and there was a significant difference between ablution behavior and the presence of diabetic foot ulcers (x² =6.646, p<.05).

Discussion: Culturally congruent interventions that acknowledge and understand the cultural practices and beliefs of Muslims with T2DM may be recommended to enhance their knowledge levels and promote positive behavior changes.