Journal of the Society for Information Display最新文献

The conflict between vergence and accommodation is the main perceptual factors contributing to visual discomfort when viewing autostereoscopic display. The key factors relevant to the accommodation and vergence are the ambient illumination and the contrast. The current study was a 2 × 3 × 3 mixed design comparing VFSI and VIMS symptoms between 2D and 3D video clips with three contrast levels under three ambient illumination levels on the autostereoscopic display. Twenty participants were required to evaluate the degree of discomfort by filing out questionnaires after watching those video clips. According to the result analysis, the 3D viewing participants reported more severe symptoms compared to 2D. The moderate contrast conditions were found to be the optimum for viewing comfort. The difference between VFSI and VIMS symptoms become larger with increasing contrast. The results also suggested the optimum 3D illumination condition should not be too high to effectively relieve visual discomfort. VIMS symptoms were more sensitive to the changes in ambient illumination than VFSI. Moreover, significant interaction between contrast and ambient illumination was found. Participants felt the most comfortable in the combination effect of moderate level of contrast and the high level of ambient illumination.

Temporal characteristics are crucial factors influencing display performance. For an active-matrix display, signals are applied sequentially line-by-line, and the temporal response of each horizontal line changes depending on different timings. When recording the temporal response of a display, the probe of the measuring device must have the finite size and shutter time. As the finite-size probe records the temporal responses of multiple lines with different timings, the number of lines covered by the finite-size probe affects the obtained result. And the effects due to the timing difference of the sequential driving can be misinterpreted as the temporal response of the display. In this study, the contribution of the various factors, such as the camera shutter time, probe size of the measuring device, temporal transition time, and display frame rate was evaluated to separate the temporal characteristics of the display from the effect caused by these factors. A procedure to estimate only the temporal response of a display without such effects is devised. The effectiveness of the proposed procedure was verified based on the spatial temporal record obtained by a high-speed camera of video frame rates of 9000 and 12,000 per second.

Active matrix prestressed microelectromechanical shutter displays enable outstanding optical properties as well as robust operating performance. The microelectromechanical systems (MEMS) shutter elements have been optimized for higher light outcoupling efficiency with lower operation voltage and higher pixel density. The MEMS elements have been co-fabricated with self-aligned metal-oxide thin-film transistors (TFTs). Several optimizations were required to integrate MEMS process without hampering the performance of both elements. The optimized display process requires only seven photolithographic masks with ensuring proper compatibility between MEMS shutter and metal-oxide TFT process.

Display technology plays a significant role in gaming and, thus, display parameters are an important consideration when choosing a gaming display. In general, interest in display parameters such as contrast ratio, response time, refresh rate, and input lag in gaming displays is very high. In this article, we studied the reaction time of gaming displays, as a measure of game performance, with respect to different contrast ratios, response times, and refresh rates. Contrast ratio and response time turned out to be the key factors influencing reaction time. The higher the contrast ratio is, the shorter the reaction time tends to be. In addition, the faster the response time is, the shorter the reaction time is. Displays with high contrast ratio and fast response time are advantageous in terms of reaction time, which is also expected to be more advantageous in a fast-paced real gaming environment.

LED ground display system, as an important outdoor display system in major scenes such as some international performance events or interactive display system, has brought spectacular and gorgeous artistic effect to the audience. According to the customized design and the effort we made, this world class super large-scale outdoor display system has realized successfully at the beginning of the year 2022 in Beijing. This LED ground display system has many innovation in product design, control system design, and field implementation especially for the need of super high reliability, high environmental suitability, convenient installability, 4,500 m² super large display area, very complex system integration, and long service time. This paper indicates the detail introduction of the ground display system, specially focuses on the high reliability product design, high display performance design, system reliability design, field implementation, and actual verification results of the semi-circular display area on both sides of the stage. Meanwhile, some simulation technologies are used in this design related to optics, mechanics, and so on. Furthermore, under the special application environment, to ensure the reliability of the outdoor display system, a dynamic screen preheating method according to temperature change is proposed and proved effectively by practice.

Theoretical models of temperature assessment are important to design a product in a low-temperature field, and they can be used to predict the heating effects and optimize temperature uniformity to improve the display performance. In this paper, equations and finite element analysis model between temperature and time were built by heat transfer theory and experimental data. The errors between the calculated results of two models and the values measured in the lab are within ±1.5°C. The temperature uniformity was promoted by the results of Python simulation based on the finite element analysis model. Both two models could take on guidance for product design.

The development of integrated circuits for displays and other applications requires semiconductor device models and appropriate parameter extraction techniques to predict and understand the circuit behavior. These techniques are paramount in reducing design errors and shortening the product development cycle. This paper presents an algorithm that employed swarm intelligence in exploring an automated and accurate parameter extraction technology. First, an automatic parameter extraction of Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute (RPI) Model for polysilicon thin-film transistor (Poly-Si TFT) is achieved by genetic algorithm (GA) and particle swarm optimization (PSO) algorithm. Compared with the best solution of the GA algorithm for automatic parameter extraction, the PSO outperformed the GA. However, it still prematurely converges to the suboptimal solution henceforth cannot obtain the expected solution accuracy. Second, the mutual learning particle swarm optimization (MLPSO) algorithm is proposed that introduces the concept of “mutual learning.” The new algorithm aims to find the global optimum in getting suitable trade-off between exploration and exploitation. In addition, the MLPSO algorithm implemented the novel random initialization and fitness function in simplifying the complex manual processes and the empirical calibration, and it led to achieving automatic and accurate parameters extraction.

Image quality on virtual reality (VR) head-mounted displays (HMDs) is radially variant on each eyepiece from the visual center (optical axis of the HMD) towards the periphery. The virtual image is blurred at the periphery of display field of view (FOV) resulting in contrast and resolution degradation. Conventional measurement methods adopted from flat-panel display evaluation do not consider the spatially dependent image artifacts by additional optical components such as HMD lenses and thus may not be adequate to assess the VR image quality. We develop a new method using circular concentric ring patterns to measure the radially variant Michelson contrast on multiple VR HMDs. The results show that measured image contrast reduces towards the periphery of display FOV especially at high-spatial frequencies. In addition, image quality on VR HMDs can be affected by the 3D position of the eye (or the camera) within the eyebox. Specifically, contrast is further degraded if the interpupillary distance (IPD) setting of the HMD does not match that of the user. It also varies with the entrance pupil location of the light-measuring device. We propose an efficient method for image quality evaluation that can facilitate the regulatory evaluation of VR headsets.